Umar Abubakar - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Umar Abubakar

Diseases, 2021

Suspicion of failure in the effectiveness of artemisinin-based combination therapies (currently t... more Suspicion of failure in the effectiveness of artemisinin-based combination therapies (currently the first-line treatment of malaria, worldwide) is leading to the unofficial use of alternative antimalarials, including chloroquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine, across northern Nigeria. To facilitate evidence-based resistance management, antimalarial resistance mutations were investigated in Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance-1 (pfmdr1) and chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt), in isolates from Kano, northwestern Nigeria. Out of the 88 samples genotyped for pfmdr1 N86Y mutation using PCR/restriction fragment length polymorphism, one sample contained the 86Y mutation (86Yfrequency = 1.14%). The analysis of 610 bp fragments of pfmdr1 from 16 isolates revealed two polymorphic sites and low haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.492), with only 86 Y mutations in one isolate, and 184 F replacements in five isolates (184Ffrequency = 31.25%). The analysis of 267 bp fragments of pfcrt isola...

Tribology in Industry, 2016

A banana particulate reinforced polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composite was developed with considerabl... more A banana particulate reinforced polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composite was developed with considerabley low cost materials having an overall light-weight and good mechanical properties for potential application as piping material. The specimen composite material was produced with the banana (stem) particulate as reinforcement using compression molding. Results showed that density and elastic Modulus of the composite decreases and increases respectively with increasing weight fraction of the particulate reinforcement. The tensile strength increased to a maximum of 42 MPa and then decreased steadily. The composition with optimum mechanical property (42 MPa) was determined at 8, 62 and 30 % formulation of banana stem particulates (reinforcement), PVC (matrix) and Kankara clay (filler) respectively with corresponding percentage water absorption of 0.79 %, Young's Modulus of 1.3 GPa, flexural strength of 92 MPa and density of 1.24 g/cm3. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis of the ...

Modelling and Optimization of the Wear rate, Compressive Strength and Hardness of a Composite Brake Pad

Nigerian Journal of Technological Research, 2019

A composite brake pad of periwinkle shell, phenolic resin and other additives was developed. The ... more A composite brake pad of periwinkle shell, phenolic resin and other additives was developed. The mixture design experiment was adopted using the Design Expert 10.0 software 2017 version and the sample composites were produced using compression molding. Mathematical models of the wear rate, compressive strength and hardness values were developed and validated. The models for the wear rate and compressive strength fitted best with the quartic response model while that of the hardness suited best with quartic and linear models. Comparison of the models with experimental results graphically showed high degree of correlation. An optimized formulation with an objective of minimization of the wear rate and maximization compressive strength and hardness value was determined at 50, 30 and 20% of periwinkle shell powder (filler), phenolic resin (matrix) and additives respectively. Thus the mathematical model can be used to predict the wear rate, compressive strength and hardness value of the experimental design adopted.Key words: periwinkle shell; composite brake pad; quartic mathematical model; wear rate; compressive strength; hardness value; mixture design

DergiPark (Istanbul University), May 1, 2021

In this research paper, a new extension of modified Gamma and Beta functions is presented and var... more In this research paper, a new extension of modified Gamma and Beta functions is presented and various functional, symmetric, first and second summation relations, Mellin transforms and integral representations are obtained. Furthermore, mean, variance and moment generating function for the beta distribution of the new extension of the modified beta function are also obtained.

Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research, 2006

(UDUTH) over a ten-year period. The setting provided an opportunity to critically examine the pro... more (UDUTH) over a ten-year period. The setting provided an opportunity to critically examine the process and outcome of nephrectomies done by general surgeons. Method : A retrospectively study of nephrectomies performed by general surgeons in UDUTH in the 10 year period(January 1993 to December 2002). Results: A total of 25 nephrectomies were performed by the general surgeons during the study period. The male to female ratio was 4:1. The indications were renal malignancy in 39.0% of cases others were non-functioning symptomatic hydronephrotic kidneys. Renal function was not assessed in two patients with renal trauma before surgery. In some patients with polycystic renal disease and pelvic-ureteric junction obstruction indication for nephrectomy was not properly described. The disease staging and extent of surgery in patients with kidney cancer were not often stated. In 20% of patients there was significant morbidity and a threat to life and the overall mortality was 13.0%. Conclusion: In the dearth of the urological surgeons in our environment the had to supplement in the occasional care of some urological patients. The best result is outcome is from patients having nephrectomy for non functioning hydronephrotic kidneys. The outcome in the treatment of the congenital renal anomalies, malignant and trauma to the kidney was not satisfactory suggesting the trained urologist will b better equipped to sort things out.

Câncer Da Tireoide

MANUAL DE ONCOLOGIA LICCAN, 2021

MALAYSIAN JOURNAL OF COMPUTING, 2021

Various extensions of classical gamma, beta, Gauss hypergeometric and confluent hypergeometric fu... more Various extensions of classical gamma, beta, Gauss hypergeometric and confluent hypergeometric functions have been proposed recently by many researchers. In this paper, we further generalized extended beta function with some of its properties such as symmetric properties, summation formulas, integral representations, connection with some other special functions such as classical beta, error, Mittag – Leffler, incomplete gamma, hypergeometric, classical Wright, Fox – Wright, Fox H and Meijer G – functions. Furthermore, the generalized beta function is used to generalize classical and other extended Gauss hypergeometric, confluent hypergeometric, Appell’s and Lauricella’s functions.

Hamdan Medical Journal, 2019

is contribution #3 of FishPass (). FishPass is the capstone to the 20-year restoration of the Boa... more is contribution #3 of FishPass (). FishPass is the capstone to the 20-year restoration of the Boardman (Ottaway) River, Traverse City, Michigan. The mission of FishPass is to provide up-and down-stream passage of desirable fishes while simultaneously blocking or removing undesirable fishes, thereby addressing the connectivity conundrum. We are grateful to the primary project partners: Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians, Michigan Department of Natural Resources; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the U.S. Geological Survey. We also extend sincerest thanks to the primary partner, the City of Traverse City. Without the city's support and the vision of the city commission, FishPass would not have been possible. Funding for this contribution came from the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative and the Great Lakes Fishery Commission. We thank Reid Swanson, Heather Hettinger, and Kelly Boughner for assistance with sampling. Jacek Maselko and Mike Spear provided valuable editorial commentary on this manuscript.

Magnetic resonance imaging in radiotherapy treatment target volumes definition for brain tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice, 2017

PurposeThe aim of this study is to establish clinical evidence regarding the use of magnetic reso... more PurposeThe aim of this study is to establish clinical evidence regarding the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in target volume definition for radiotherapy treatment planning of brain tumours.MethodsPrimary studies were systematically retrieved from six electronic databases and other sources. Studies included were only those that quantitatively compared computed tomography (CT) and MRI in target volume definition for radiotherapy of brain tumours. Study characteristics and quality were assessed and the data were extracted from eligible studies. Effect estimates for each study was computed as mean percentage difference based on individual patient data where available. The included studies were then combined in meta-analysis using Review Manager (RevMan) software version 5.0.ResultFive studies with a total number of 72 patients were included in this review. The quality of the studies was rated strong. The percentages mean differences of the studies were 7·47, 11·36, 30·70, 41·69...

International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports, 2019

The techniques of deep learning have become the state of the art methodology for executing compli... more The techniques of deep learning have become the state of the art methodology for executing complicated tasks from various domains of computer vision, natural language processing, and several other areas. Due to its rapid development and promising benchmarks in those fields, researchers started experimenting with this technique to perform in the area of, especially in intrusion detection related tasks. Deep learning is a subset and a natural extension of classical Machine learning and an evolved model of neural networks. This paper contemplates and discusses all the methodologies related to the leading edge Deep learning and Neural network models purposing to the arena of Intrusion Detection Systems.

World Journal of Innovative Research, 2019

The purpose of this study was to assess the adequacy of the curriculum content of mechanical tech... more The purpose of this study was to assess the adequacy of the curriculum content of mechanical technology programme implementation in technical colleges of Kaduna and Niger states, Nigeria. To conduct the study a research question was formulated. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population was 61 comprising 49 mechanical technology teachers and 12 heads of department. There was no sampling as the population size was manageable. A structured questionnaire containing 67 items was used for data collection. The instrument was face validated by three experts. Mean was used to answer the one research question. One of the major findings of the study revealed that the curriculum content of mechanical technology was inadequate. The study recommended among others that the curriculum content of mechanical technology be reviewed in order to meet up with the present technological challenges affecting all facets of human endeavours globally.

Research in Pedagogy, 2018

There is a decline in the quality of graduates from secondary schools in Nigeria. A situation whe... more There is a decline in the quality of graduates from secondary schools in Nigeria. A situation where some secondary school graduates cannot write a very good letter is a cause for concern. Secondary School teachers, parents and the society have always complained about the quality of school products. All these are alarming signals which portends danger for the country. A number of issues could have led to these problems and the most pronounced among them is examination malpractice. Examination malpractice has eaten deep into the Nigeria education system. The purpose of this study therefore was to examine the issue of examination malpractice in Nigeria. The use of secondary sources of data was the main method of data collection adopted in this research work. The secondary sources adopted in this study include materials like Newspapers, magazines, textbooks, internet, journals, government publications, official documents etc. After analyzing the data, it was deduced that collusion among candidates, impersonation, giraffing, inscription, scientific malpractice and bribery were some of the forms of examination malpractice in Nigeria. This study also found that fear of failure, craze for certificates, desire of parents to choose the profession and university, pressure on students to pursue courses which they have no aptitude for were some of the causes of examination malpractice in Nigeria. This study also found that the examination malpractice has a negative effect on the society, leads to irreversible loss of credibility, has negative consequences on the individuals and institutions of learning, leads to moral decadence and brain drain, leads to corruption, it discourages hard work among students. This study also found that measures of curbing examination malpractice include: societal reengineering and re-orientation to revamp moral values, retraining and reassessment of teachers, appropriate recognition and remuneration of teachers and examination officials. Curbing examination malpractice depended on our will power. This study revealed that examination malpractice is not perpetrated by Angels but human beings. Based on the findings above, this study recommended that aggressive campaign should therefore be mounted, educating all the stakeholders about the dangers in engaging in the act and let them be informed of the dignity in having a clean examination system, the Federal Government should try and make the salary of teachers reasonable, qualityand affordable education should be made available for all, this study concluded that Parents should not celebrate success

European Scientific Journal, Mar 3, 2015

Health Information Systems (HIS) are one of the six essential and interrelated building blocks of... more Health Information Systems (HIS) are one of the six essential and interrelated building blocks of a health system. A well-functioning HIS no doubt enhances accurate, timely and reliable information on health status and health care determinants required for and efficient and effective clinical and managerial decision making. In developing countries Application of HIS and e-health is in the increase. The analysis of Health Information systems in developing countries highlights areas of Challenges and areas needing Improvement.

Idiopathic Bilateral Popliteal Pseudoaneurysm:A Case Report

The Editorial Board is also getting strengthened by involving eminent scientists and researchers ... more The Editorial Board is also getting strengthened by involving eminent scientists and researchers in the field of Emergency Medicine, Cardiology, Orthopedics, Anesthesiology, Demography, Health Systems, Economics and allied fields. I am sure that Indian Emergency Journal is poised to be the best in the field of Emergency Medical Services (EMS). Research is an important component in the development of EMS system in India and I am happy to note that GVK EMRI through its dedicated research team has been able to bring the necessary and useful evidences to provide better services to the community as a whole. GVK EMRI has taken a lead in bringing the scientific knowledge in the field of Emergency Care which not only helps in ensuring better health care provision in India, but also in the other developing countries. It is very encouraging to have the support of Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) for the Syndromic Surveillance project in India. Through the Syndromic Surveillance project GVK EMRI is strategically placed to be a centre of Excellence for the real time disease surveillance, which would be a big step in the

Pattern of Paediatric Trauma in North Western Nigeria

Sahel Medical Journal, 2004

ABSTRACT There is scanty literature on paediatric trauma from the developing countries. This stud... more ABSTRACT There is scanty literature on paediatric trauma from the developing countries. This study is aimed at contributing information on childhood injuries in North Western Nigeria. We prospectively studied childhood admission for accidental trauma at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto over a two year period ( January 1999 to December 2000). A total of 403 children 15 years and below, were seen during the period. The male to female ratio was 1.8:1. The commonest cause of trauma was road traffic accident (RTA); 35.5% of cases followed by burns; 26.8% and fall; 16.6% of cases. Foreign bodies were responsible for 5.5%, grinding machines for 3.0% and collapsing mud buildings for 1.7% of cases. Pedestrian injuries accounted for 45.5% of RTA victims. The overall mortality was 6.2%. RTA, with an expressive pedestrian constituent, ranked as the commonest cause of trauma. Socio-economic emancipation, intra-city traffic considerations, abrogation of child labour and provision of adequate water supply should reduce these accidents. Trauma prevention and care programme in developing countries should always address paediatric injuries. KEY Words: Paediatric, Trauma, North Western, NigeriaSahel Medical Journal Vol.7(1) 2004: 32-35

Heart, Lung and Circulation, 2011

Objectives: Our experience with the use of Warden's procedure for the repair of sinus venosus ASD... more Objectives: Our experience with the use of Warden's procedure for the repair of sinus venosus ASD with anomalous right upper pulmonary venous connection. Method: Fifty-eight patients had Warden's procedure from September 2008 to May 2011. The demographic data, preoperative and postoperative ECG, aortic cross-clamp time, cardiopulmonary bypass time, Holter monitoring, complications length of ICU and hospital stay were analysed. Result: The male to female ratio was 1:1. The median age was 10.9 years (range 2-48 years). Preoperatively all patients were in sinus rhythm. Twenty-six patients had associated left superior vena cava and two patients had also Tuckers procedure at the same time. The mean follow up was 1.2 years (range 1 months-2.8 years). Postoperative Holter monitoring showed sinus rhythm in all the patients. The mean CPB time was 83.6 min (range 54-163 min), mean aortic cross-clamp time was 48.0 min (range 22-112 min), mean ICU stay was 1.26 days (range 1-4 days) and length of hospital was 8.3 days (range 5-13 days) Postoperative echocardiography showed less than 1 mmHg gradient across the SVC-RA appendage anastomotic site in all the patients. No mortality was recorded. Conclusion: This is the largest reported series of Warden's procedure in the literature till date. It is known from other studies that sinus node dysfunction and conversion to junctional nodal rhythm were quite a concern with the conventional techniques and Warden's procedure specifically avoids these problems.

Unclassified SEEC! '"-CLASS F CA' 0'. 0 i SForm Approved REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 0M8 No 0704 01... more Unclassified SEEC! '"-CLASS F CA' 0'. 0 i SForm Approved REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 0M8 No 0704 0188 ?a RPORT SEC R.'7 CASSF E -'O, lb RES' CT V; VARW %CS 2a SECURITY CLASS.CA'.O A-THOR -Y 3 D STR B jTOt, AVA AB -'Y OF Ri Dr -F 20 DECLASSIFICA'ION DO,%NGPADNG SCHED!LE 4 PERFORMING ORGAN ZATION REPORT NUMBER S, 5 MONITOR!NG ORGANZATO% REPORT NMBEPS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to thank Professor R.A McGonigal as my advisor in writting this thesis, his guidance in terms of knowledge and wisdom contributed to the realization of this work. My other great thanks also go to Professor Alice Crawford as a second reader where her patience and understanding lead to the perfection of this thesis. And lastly, my thanks and love go to Menoel, Rino and Nena for their great patience and love in waiting for my study in NPS. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS I.

Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery, 2012

A best evidence topic in cardiothoracic surgery was written according to a structured protocol. T... more A best evidence topic in cardiothoracic surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was, 'is there an increased risk of cancer in a non-resected corrosive oesophageal stricture?' Altogether, 133 papers were found using the reported search; six papers were identified that provided the best evidence to answer the question. The authors, journal, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of these studies were tabulated. From the studies, 198 consecutive patients had corrosive oesophageal stricture resulting from corrosive oesophageal injury, 50 of whom (25.3%) developed oesophageal cancer. The interval between the burn and the diagnosis of scar carcinoma was 46.1 years and ranged between 25 and 58 years. The incidence of carcinoma of the oesophagus among patients from the study was significantly higher than that of the general population. In one review, seven (13%) of 54 consecutive patien...

African Journal of Paediatric Surgery, 2013