Umar Abubakar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Umar Abubakar

Diseases, 2021

Suspicion of failure in the effectiveness of artemisinin-based combination therapies (currently t... more Suspicion of failure in the effectiveness of artemisinin-based combination therapies (currently the first-line treatment of malaria, worldwide) is leading to the unofficial use of alternative antimalarials, including chloroquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine, across northern Nigeria. To facilitate evidence-based resistance management, antimalarial resistance mutations were investigated in Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance-1 (pfmdr1) and chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt), in isolates from Kano, northwestern Nigeria. Out of the 88 samples genotyped for pfmdr1 N86Y mutation using PCR/restriction fragment length polymorphism, one sample contained the 86Y mutation (86Yfrequency = 1.14%). The analysis of 610 bp fragments of pfmdr1 from 16 isolates revealed two polymorphic sites and low haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.492), with only 86 Y mutations in one isolate, and 184 F replacements in five isolates (184Ffrequency = 31.25%). The analysis of 267 bp fragments of pfcrt isola...

Tribology in Industry, 2016

A banana particulate reinforced polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composite was developed with considerabl... more A banana particulate reinforced polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composite was developed with considerabley low cost materials having an overall light-weight and good mechanical properties for potential application as piping material. The specimen composite material was produced with the banana (stem) particulate as reinforcement using compression molding. Results showed that density and elastic Modulus of the composite decreases and increases respectively with increasing weight fraction of the particulate reinforcement. The tensile strength increased to a maximum of 42 MPa and then decreased steadily. The composition with optimum mechanical property (42 MPa) was determined at 8, 62 and 30 % formulation of banana stem particulates (reinforcement), PVC (matrix) and Kankara clay (filler) respectively with corresponding percentage water absorption of 0.79 %, Young's Modulus of 1.3 GPa, flexural strength of 92 MPa and density of 1.24 g/cm3. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis of the ...

Nigerian Journal of Technological Research, 2019

A composite brake pad of periwinkle shell, phenolic resin and other additives was developed. The ... more A composite brake pad of periwinkle shell, phenolic resin and other additives was developed. The mixture design experiment was adopted using the Design Expert 10.0 software 2017 version and the sample composites were produced using compression molding. Mathematical models of the wear rate, compressive strength and hardness values were developed and validated. The models for the wear rate and compressive strength fitted best with the quartic response model while that of the hardness suited best with quartic and linear models. Comparison of the models with experimental results graphically showed high degree of correlation. An optimized formulation with an objective of minimization of the wear rate and maximization compressive strength and hardness value was determined at 50, 30 and 20% of periwinkle shell powder (filler), phenolic resin (matrix) and additives respectively. Thus the mathematical model can be used to predict the wear rate, compressive strength and hardness value of the experimental design adopted.Key words: periwinkle shell; composite brake pad; quartic mathematical model; wear rate; compressive strength; hardness value; mixture design

DergiPark (Istanbul University), May 1, 2021

In this research paper, a new extension of modified Gamma and Beta functions is presented and var... more In this research paper, a new extension of modified Gamma and Beta functions is presented and various functional, symmetric, first and second summation relations, Mellin transforms and integral representations are obtained. Furthermore, mean, variance and moment generating function for the beta distribution of the new extension of the modified beta function are also obtained.

Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research, 2006

(UDUTH) over a ten-year period. The setting provided an opportunity to critically examine the pro... more (UDUTH) over a ten-year period. The setting provided an opportunity to critically examine the process and outcome of nephrectomies done by general surgeons. Method : A retrospectively study of nephrectomies performed by general surgeons in UDUTH in the 10 year period(January 1993 to December 2002). Results: A total of 25 nephrectomies were performed by the general surgeons during the study period. The male to female ratio was 4:1. The indications were renal malignancy in 39.0% of cases others were non-functioning symptomatic hydronephrotic kidneys. Renal function was not assessed in two patients with renal trauma before surgery. In some patients with polycystic renal disease and pelvic-ureteric junction obstruction indication for nephrectomy was not properly described. The disease staging and extent of surgery in patients with kidney cancer were not often stated. In 20% of patients there was significant morbidity and a threat to life and the overall mortality was 13.0%. Conclusion: In the dearth of the urological surgeons in our environment the had to supplement in the occasional care of some urological patients. The best result is outcome is from patients having nephrectomy for non functioning hydronephrotic kidneys. The outcome in the treatment of the congenital renal anomalies, malignant and trauma to the kidney was not satisfactory suggesting the trained urologist will b better equipped to sort things out.

MANUAL DE ONCOLOGIA LICCAN, 2021

MALAYSIAN JOURNAL OF COMPUTING, 2021

Various extensions of classical gamma, beta, Gauss hypergeometric and confluent hypergeometric fu... more Various extensions of classical gamma, beta, Gauss hypergeometric and confluent hypergeometric functions have been proposed recently by many researchers. In this paper, we further generalized extended beta function with some of its properties such as symmetric properties, summation formulas, integral representations, connection with some other special functions such as classical beta, error, Mittag – Leffler, incomplete gamma, hypergeometric, classical Wright, Fox – Wright, Fox H and Meijer G – functions. Furthermore, the generalized beta function is used to generalize classical and other extended Gauss hypergeometric, confluent hypergeometric, Appell’s and Lauricella’s functions.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2020

Introduction: Significant level of exposure of patient’s relatives to ionising radiation during m... more Introduction: Significant level of exposure of patient’s relatives to ionising radiation during medical imaging procedures has been observed and no attention has been paid to the knowledge of radiation hazards of patient’s relatives that follow the patient for a procedure. Aim: To assess the knowledge and awareness of radiation hazards and protection among patient’s relatives in Southeast, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a questionnaire hospital-based survey, which was conducted in two teaching hospitals, and one national hospital in Southeast Nigeria from January 2019 to June 2019. A 21 items semi-structured questionnaire were administered to 376 patient’ relatives selected purposively based on the inclusion criteria using one-on-one method. Information on demographic variables of the respondents, knowledge of ionising radiation effect, radiation protection and source of their knowledge of ionising radiation were collected. The obtained data were analysed using descriptive...

Hamdan Medical Journal, 2019

Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice, 2017

PurposeThe aim of this study is to establish clinical evidence regarding the use of magnetic reso... more PurposeThe aim of this study is to establish clinical evidence regarding the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in target volume definition for radiotherapy treatment planning of brain tumours.MethodsPrimary studies were systematically retrieved from six electronic databases and other sources. Studies included were only those that quantitatively compared computed tomography (CT) and MRI in target volume definition for radiotherapy of brain tumours. Study characteristics and quality were assessed and the data were extracted from eligible studies. Effect estimates for each study was computed as mean percentage difference based on individual patient data where available. The included studies were then combined in meta-analysis using Review Manager (RevMan) software version 5.0.ResultFive studies with a total number of 72 patients were included in this review. The quality of the studies was rated strong. The percentages mean differences of the studies were 7·47, 11·36, 30·70, 41·69...

International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports, 2019

The techniques of deep learning have become the state of the art methodology for executing compli... more The techniques of deep learning have become the state of the art methodology for executing complicated tasks from various domains of computer vision, natural language processing, and several other areas. Due to its rapid development and promising benchmarks in those fields, researchers started experimenting with this technique to perform in the area of, especially in intrusion detection related tasks. Deep learning is a subset and a natural extension of classical Machine learning and an evolved model of neural networks. This paper contemplates and discusses all the methodologies related to the leading edge Deep learning and Neural network models purposing to the arena of Intrusion Detection Systems.

World Journal of Innovative Research, 2019

Research in Pedagogy, 2018

European Scientific Journal, Mar 3, 2015

Health Information Systems (HIS) are one of the six essential and interrelated building blocks of... more Health Information Systems (HIS) are one of the six essential and interrelated building blocks of a health system. A well-functioning HIS no doubt enhances accurate, timely and reliable information on health status and health care determinants required for and efficient and effective clinical and managerial decision making. In developing countries Application of HIS and e-health is in the increase. The analysis of Health Information systems in developing countries highlights areas of Challenges and areas needing Improvement.

Sahel Medical Journal, 2004

ABSTRACT There is scanty literature on paediatric trauma from the developing countries. This stud... more ABSTRACT There is scanty literature on paediatric trauma from the developing countries. This study is aimed at contributing information on childhood injuries in North Western Nigeria. We prospectively studied childhood admission for accidental trauma at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto over a two year period ( January 1999 to December 2000). A total of 403 children 15 years and below, were seen during the period. The male to female ratio was 1.8:1. The commonest cause of trauma was road traffic accident (RTA); 35.5% of cases followed by burns; 26.8% and fall; 16.6% of cases. Foreign bodies were responsible for 5.5%, grinding machines for 3.0% and collapsing mud buildings for 1.7% of cases. Pedestrian injuries accounted for 45.5% of RTA victims. The overall mortality was 6.2%. RTA, with an expressive pedestrian constituent, ranked as the commonest cause of trauma. Socio-economic emancipation, intra-city traffic considerations, abrogation of child labour and provision of adequate water supply should reduce these accidents. Trauma prevention and care programme in developing countries should always address paediatric injuries. KEY Words: Paediatric, Trauma, North Western, NigeriaSahel Medical Journal Vol.7(1) 2004: 32-35

Heart, Lung and Circulation, 2011

Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery, 2012

A best evidence topic in cardiothoracic surgery was written according to a structured protocol. T... more A best evidence topic in cardiothoracic surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was, 'is there an increased risk of cancer in a non-resected corrosive oesophageal stricture?' Altogether, 133 papers were found using the reported search; six papers were identified that provided the best evidence to answer the question. The authors, journal, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of these studies were tabulated. From the studies, 198 consecutive patients had corrosive oesophageal stricture resulting from corrosive oesophageal injury, 50 of whom (25.3%) developed oesophageal cancer. The interval between the burn and the diagnosis of scar carcinoma was 46.1 years and ranged between 25 and 58 years. The incidence of carcinoma of the oesophagus among patients from the study was significantly higher than that of the general population. In one review, seven (13%) of 54 consecutive patien...