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Papers by Umarullah Ansari

Research paper thumbnail of A Comparison of Prevention and Treatment of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss with Vaginal Progesterone or Oral Dydrogesterone

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Apr 15, 2019

Most recent publications offer the opportunity not only to look at large studies, but also to be ... more Most recent publications offer the opportunity not only to look at large studies, but also to be able to compare the effect of the use of micronized progesterone or dydrogesterone for prevention of recurrent (habitual) miscarriage. Micronized progesterone and dydrogesterone have a similar partial effect pattern, which does not induce unwanted effects, when used in pregnancy. Also their major actions regarding implantation, preparation of the endometrium, blood flow increase, spiral artery development, uterine quiescence, cervical rigidity and protection of the semi-allogenic fetus not to be attacked by the maternal immune system, for instance regulating the Th1-and Th2-cytokines to establish and continue to have a dominance of Th2-cytokine action and protection against these effects which are associated with lower circulating progesterone. Both studies under consideration have included women with a history of three or more previous miscarriages and other non-endocrine or endocrine abnormalities have been ruled out. Under these provisions prevention of recurrent (habitual) miscarriage compared with a placebo group and a control group without a history of recurrent (habitual) miscarriage in a prospective, randomized fashion resulted in the dydrogesterone group in a recurrent (habitual) miscarriage rate of 6.9%, placebo group 16.8% and the control group 3.5%. The dose was 2 x 10 mg daily starting between 4-8 weeks of gestation until the 20st weeks of gestation. In 2015 an even larger study was done with micronized progesterone with a dose of micronized progesterone 2 x 400 mg a day vaginally. This application was started not later than 6 weeks of gestation and ended at 12 weeks of gestation. The live birth rate was not significant between the groups (65,8 % for micronized progesterone versus 63,3% placebo(RR1.04; 95%CI, 0,99-1,15). Together with other studies this indicates that dydrogesterone significantly improves pregnancy outcome in contrast to vaginal progesterone in women with recurrent pregnancy loss.

Research paper thumbnail of To determine the sensitivity and specificity of Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis

Sri Lankan Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2014

Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania, ... more Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania, which is transmitted through bites of infected sandflies. It has been reported that the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a more sensitive and specific test for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis than bone marrow examination. This recent study is a renewed effort to validate the role of PCR in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of PCR in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. Study design: Cross sectional (validation) study carried out in the Haematology department,

Research paper thumbnail of Face and eye detection in images using skin color segmentation and circular hough transform

2014 International Conference on Robotics and Emerging Allied Technologies in Engineering (iCREATE), 2014

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Modeling of microcavity electrodes for medical implants

A common, limiting factor in neuroprosthesis design is the safe charge-carrying capacity of the m... more A common, limiting factor in neuroprosthesis design is the safe charge-carrying capacity of the metallic electrodes that deliver electrical stimuli to biological tissue. If exceeded, adverse effects can occur, including electrode dissolution and cell necrosis. A straightforward method of addressing charge-carrying capacity limitations is to increase the surface area of the stimulating electrodes. However, for planar electrode arrays, this approach typically requires a corresponding increase in the distance between electrodes which can be detrimental to the efficacy of the device, particularly in sensory applications such as visual or auditory prostheses where densely-packed electrodes may offer advantage. An alternative approach involves fabricating electrodes such that they have a three-dimensional structure and, thus allow electrode spacing to be maintained while increasing the surface area. Here we describe a mathematical model that assists in the exploration of cup-shaped, micro-cavity electrodes within an insulating substrate. This model simulates the electrical fields generated by these electrodes and is used to explore the relationship between the micro-cavity electrode depth and the electrical field generated within the electrolyte. For electrode diameters of 350 µ, spaced at a pitch of 600 εm, the model predicts that the most efficacious microcavity depth is 400 εm.

Research paper thumbnail of There are Thousands Drunk by the Passion of These Eyes'. Bollywood's Tawa'if: Narrating the Nation and 'The Muslim

South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, 2022

... high-culture.37 Bollywood representations of tawa&#x2... more ... high-culture.37 Bollywood representations of tawa'ifs underscore this, cluttering the screen with gold, jewels and silk outfits. And these representations are often coupled with a romanticised setting of Lucknow, a city which has often been the setting for 'Muslim social' films— for ...

Research paper thumbnail of A Comparison of Prevention and Treatment of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss with Vaginal Progesterone or Oral Dydrogesterone

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Apr 15, 2019

Most recent publications offer the opportunity not only to look at large studies, but also to be ... more Most recent publications offer the opportunity not only to look at large studies, but also to be able to compare the effect of the use of micronized progesterone or dydrogesterone for prevention of recurrent (habitual) miscarriage. Micronized progesterone and dydrogesterone have a similar partial effect pattern, which does not induce unwanted effects, when used in pregnancy. Also their major actions regarding implantation, preparation of the endometrium, blood flow increase, spiral artery development, uterine quiescence, cervical rigidity and protection of the semi-allogenic fetus not to be attacked by the maternal immune system, for instance regulating the Th1-and Th2-cytokines to establish and continue to have a dominance of Th2-cytokine action and protection against these effects which are associated with lower circulating progesterone. Both studies under consideration have included women with a history of three or more previous miscarriages and other non-endocrine or endocrine abnormalities have been ruled out. Under these provisions prevention of recurrent (habitual) miscarriage compared with a placebo group and a control group without a history of recurrent (habitual) miscarriage in a prospective, randomized fashion resulted in the dydrogesterone group in a recurrent (habitual) miscarriage rate of 6.9%, placebo group 16.8% and the control group 3.5%. The dose was 2 x 10 mg daily starting between 4-8 weeks of gestation until the 20st weeks of gestation. In 2015 an even larger study was done with micronized progesterone with a dose of micronized progesterone 2 x 400 mg a day vaginally. This application was started not later than 6 weeks of gestation and ended at 12 weeks of gestation. The live birth rate was not significant between the groups (65,8 % for micronized progesterone versus 63,3% placebo(RR1.04; 95%CI, 0,99-1,15). Together with other studies this indicates that dydrogesterone significantly improves pregnancy outcome in contrast to vaginal progesterone in women with recurrent pregnancy loss.

Research paper thumbnail of To determine the sensitivity and specificity of Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis

Sri Lankan Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2014

Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania, ... more Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania, which is transmitted through bites of infected sandflies. It has been reported that the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a more sensitive and specific test for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis than bone marrow examination. This recent study is a renewed effort to validate the role of PCR in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of PCR in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. Study design: Cross sectional (validation) study carried out in the Haematology department,

Research paper thumbnail of Face and eye detection in images using skin color segmentation and circular hough transform

2014 International Conference on Robotics and Emerging Allied Technologies in Engineering (iCREATE), 2014

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Modeling of microcavity electrodes for medical implants

A common, limiting factor in neuroprosthesis design is the safe charge-carrying capacity of the m... more A common, limiting factor in neuroprosthesis design is the safe charge-carrying capacity of the metallic electrodes that deliver electrical stimuli to biological tissue. If exceeded, adverse effects can occur, including electrode dissolution and cell necrosis. A straightforward method of addressing charge-carrying capacity limitations is to increase the surface area of the stimulating electrodes. However, for planar electrode arrays, this approach typically requires a corresponding increase in the distance between electrodes which can be detrimental to the efficacy of the device, particularly in sensory applications such as visual or auditory prostheses where densely-packed electrodes may offer advantage. An alternative approach involves fabricating electrodes such that they have a three-dimensional structure and, thus allow electrode spacing to be maintained while increasing the surface area. Here we describe a mathematical model that assists in the exploration of cup-shaped, micro-cavity electrodes within an insulating substrate. This model simulates the electrical fields generated by these electrodes and is used to explore the relationship between the micro-cavity electrode depth and the electrical field generated within the electrolyte. For electrode diameters of 350 µ, spaced at a pitch of 600 εm, the model predicts that the most efficacious microcavity depth is 400 εm.

Research paper thumbnail of There are Thousands Drunk by the Passion of These Eyes'. Bollywood's Tawa'if: Narrating the Nation and 'The Muslim

South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, 2022

... high-culture.37 Bollywood representations of tawa&#x2... more ... high-culture.37 Bollywood representations of tawa'ifs underscore this, cluttering the screen with gold, jewels and silk outfits. And these representations are often coupled with a romanticised setting of Lucknow, a city which has often been the setting for 'Muslim social' films— for ...