Umed Patel - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Umed Patel

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

The Journal of Medical Research, 2015

Background: Slums areas of a city are high risk areas for various disease transmissions. Maternal... more Background: Slums areas of a city are high risk areas for various disease transmissions. Maternal and child heath indicators among slum dwellers show that their health status is two to three times worse than those in the other urban areas. Aims and Objectives: This study was designed to assess the health status and utilization of various health services among the children less than three years of age, residing in the slums of Rajkot city. Study Design: This was a part of a Multi Indicator Cluster survey conducted in the slums of Rajkot city. Setting: This cross sectional study covered 30 slums out of 257 slums designated in the geographical limits of the Rajkot Municipal Corporation. Materials and Methods: A 30 cluster sampling technique was employed using participation proportionate to size method. Each slum area was designated as a cluster. In stage one 30 clusters were selected proportionate to their size. In second stage 60 households were selected from each cluster. Statistics:...

Healthline, 2020

Introduction: The prevalence of hypertension ranges from 20% to 40% in urban adults and ranges fr... more Introduction: The prevalence of hypertension ranges from 20% to 40% in urban adults and ranges from 12% to 17% in rural adults in India. In informal settlements like slums, Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are at particular risk of going undetected by formal health registries until presentation in a late stage of disease or death. NCDs among women have major health challenges. Objectives: To assess prevalence, determine factors responsible for Hypertension and study the treatment and control status of confirmed cases. Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted among 405 slum women of age 35 years or more in Rajkot city. Interview, anthropometric measurements and Blood Pressure were measured for all participants. Results: Total 191(47.16%) women were diagnosed with hypertension. There was a statistically significant association between age groups, occupation, Body Mass Index (BMI), remaining busy in household work, walking, practicing healthy habits and hypertension. Out of a...

st st Rajkot city (January 2015 to May 2015) Method: In the year 2015 from 1 January to 31 May, t... more st st Rajkot city (January 2015 to May 2015) Method: In the year 2015 from 1 January to 31 May, total 420 cases of Influenza A (H1N1) were admitted in identified hospitals of Rajkot city. Community Medicine department, P.D.U. Govt. Medical College, Rajkot has collected case record forms of all patients which include information like demographic profiles, high risk factors, clinical profile etc. Data entry and analysis was done by using MS Excel 2007. Results: Maximum cases (50.7%) were from the age group of 30-49 years, 57.4% cases were females. Overall case fatality rate was 19.8%. Top five presenting symptoms among cases (n=361) at the time of admission were cough (96.7%), fever (92.5%), shortness of breath (81.2%), sore throat (27.9%) and body ache (14.6%). Out of 372 patients, 44.1% patients had one or more co-morbid disease. Only 19.1% patients had received antiviral wihin 2 days of onset of symptoms. Conclusion: Survival rate was 80.2% among admitted patients of Influenza A (H...

Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, 2010

Objective: to find out prevalence of goitre in primary school children; to compare prevalence wit... more Objective: to find out prevalence of goitre in primary school children; to compare prevalence with previous survey; to determine median urinary iodine concentration; to assess level of iodine in salt samples at household and retail shop level; and to study profile of salt sold at retail shops. Material and Methods : 30 cluster survey study in primary schools of Kutch district. Children studying in 1st to 7th Standard. Total 70 students including five boys and five girls from 1st to 7th standard present in class on the day of visit were selected randomly for Goitre examination, so, total 2100 students were examined in schools. Urine sample was collected from one boy & one girl from each standard in each cluster. From community, 28 students including two boys and two girls from each standard in same age group were examined and also salt samples were tested from their households. From each village, one retail shop was visited and salts were purchased and tested for iodine on the spot w...

National journal of community medicine, 2017

Results: Among 145 patients, included in this study, 62% patients were males and 69% patients wer... more Results: Among 145 patients, included in this study, 62% patients were males and 69% patients were in the age group 15-44 yrs. Fever was present in all the cases i.e. (100%), followed by myalgia(99%), headache(96%), vomiting(78%) and epistaxis(63%). Majority of the cases presented with classical dengue fever i.e.(90%) followed by DHF(10%). No death due to dengue was reported during study period.

National journal of community medicine, 2017

Tobacco is the foremost cause of preventable death in the world and India. Cigarettes kill one in... more Tobacco is the foremost cause of preventable death in the world and India. Cigarettes kill one in two smokers prematurely, half of these deaths occurring during middle age (mean: 35.69 years).1 By 2020, it is predicted that tobacco will account for 13% of all deaths in India.2 The National Survey on Drug Use and Health estimates that each day, over 4,000 people under the age of 18 years try their first cigarette. This amounts to more than 7,30,000 new smokers every year.3

Results: Most of the respondents were male. Almost half of participants were in age group 21-40 y... more Results: Most of the respondents were male. Almost half of participants were in age group 21-40 yrs. Majority of them were literate and educated up to secondary level. 93.75% of community members heard about influenza A H1N1. TV (57.78%) was the main source of knowledge.. 65.97% of community members had correct knowledge on any one key symptom of Influenza A (e.g. Fever/Cough/Sore throat). Majority (81.25%) of the persons consult Family/Private doctor for treatment of ARI.

Background: Every year at least 2.8 million adults die due to overweight or obesity. Most of the ... more Background: Every year at least 2.8 million adults die due to overweight or obesity. Most of the world's population lives in countries where overweight and obesity kills more people than underweight. In informal settlements like slums, NCDs are at particular risk of going undetected by formal health registries until presentation in a late stage of disease or death. NCDs among women have major health challenges.

International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 2017

Background: The National Population Policy 2000 and the RCH Programme Phase II emphasize the impo... more Background: The National Population Policy 2000 and the RCH Programme Phase II emphasize the importance of achieving population stabilization and attaining the goal of replacement-level fertility. Sterilization services are largely being provided through a network of public and private sector facilities. Objectives: To study the perception and satisfactory level of beneficiaries regarding female sterilization services at various health facilities of Rajkot district. Materials and Methods: An observation-based, cross-sectional study was conducted by Community Medicine department, PDU Government Medical College, Rajkot, during February-March 2015. All health facilities of Rajkot district where laparoscopic tubal ligation (Lap TL) camps were organized including 4 CHCs, 5 SDHs, 1 district hospital, and 1 medical college and hospital were selected for the study. A standard checklist was used for client perception regarding female sterilization services through client exit interview at the time of discharge from the facility. The data entry was done in Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and analysis was done using the same software. Results: This study included 42 beneficiaries of Lap TL who had given interview at the time of discharge from the health facility. Approximately one-fourth, i.e., 10 (23.8%) beneficiaries were having age more than 30 years. Nearly 73.81% of the clients received knowledge of sterilization from health workers and 80.95% of clients adopted sterilization by their own choice. Almost 100% of clients said that behavior of staff is polite. Around 50% of beneficiaries perceived that they have adequate privacy at the time of examination and also during surgical procedure. Conclusion: Improvement is required through sensitization training of the supportive staff to provide quality service to clients, and more satisfaction can be provided by improving client-provider interactions. Separate space for examination and counseling should be made available to assure privacy at all the health facilities.

International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 2017

Background: Tobacco which is most common legally available hazardous substance, most of the new u... more Background: Tobacco which is most common legally available hazardous substance, most of the new users in India's is school children. For prevention and control of tobacco consumption, legislation lies at the very heart of any effective tobacco control programme. To assess knowledge regarding harmful effects and legislation of tobacco consumption among undergraduate studentsMethods: A cross sectional study carried out among 2000 students in 20 colleges of different streams of Rajkot and Morbi districts during February-March 2016 using self-administered questionnaire. Proportion of male: female was kept 3:1.Results: Knowledge regarding harmful effects of tobacco was present in 95.8% participants. 92.8% students believed that cancer is the harmful effect of tobacco consumption.77.3% students had knowledge that tobacco consumption is the leading cause of death in India. Television was the commonest source of knowledge of harmful effect of tobacco (71.9%). Only 15.9% students had kn...

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 2016

Dengue is the most common disease among all the arthropod borne viral diseases. 1 Dengue viruses ... more Dengue is the most common disease among all the arthropod borne viral diseases. 1 Dengue viruses (DV) belong to family Flaviviridae and there are four serotypes of the virus referred to as DV-1, DV-2, DV-3 and DV-4. 2 Dengue Fever (DF) is caused by an arbovirus and spread by Aedes mosquitoes. Dengue is a self-limiting acute mosquito transmitted disease characterized by fever, headache, muscle, joint pains, rash, nausea and vomiting. 3 These infections may be asymptomatic or may lead to (a) "classical" Dengue fever, or (b) Dengue Hemorrhagic fever without shock, or (c) Dengue hemorrhagic fever with shock. 1 Dengue fever (DF) and its severe forms-Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and Dengue shock syndrome (DSS) have emerged as a ABSTRACT Background: Dengue fever (DF) and its severe forms-Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and Dengue shock syndrome (DSS) have emerged as a notable public health problem in recent decades in terms of the mortality and morbidity associated with it. Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted at PDU Government Medical College, Rajkot during 1st January to 31st December, 2014. All confirmed Dengue cases were admitted in this institute during 2014 included in the study. The data entry was done in Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and analysis was done using the same software and appropriate tests were applied. Results: This study included 145 patients who were admitted to the institute during the calendar year 2014. 62% were males. 69% were in the age group 15-44 yrs. 59% cases were from rural origin. During September to December, 2014, 80% cases were admitted. 74% cases were consulted by doctor before admission at PDU Government Medical College, Rajkot. Fever was present in all the cases i.e. (100%), followed by myalgia (99%), headache (96%), vomiting (78%) and epistaxis (63%). Majority of the cases presented with Classical Dengue fever i.e. (90%) followed by DHF (10%). Most common complication was bleeding from nose and mouth i.e. (66%). No any death due to Dengue was reported during study period. 93% cases were discharged and 7 % cases were DAMA from PDU Government Medical College, Rajkot. Conclusions: The most common age group for Dengue fever was 15-44 yrs. Most of the patients were male and also from rural origin. Most of the cases occurred during the period of September to December, 2014. Fever was present in all the cases and bleeding from nose and mouth was the commonest complication of Dengue. No any death due to Dengue was reported during study period.

Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, Aug 21, 2010

Background: The first case of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in India was repor... more Background: The first case of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in India was reported in May, 2009 and in Saurashtra region in August, 2009. We describe the clinico-epidemiological characteristics of children who were hospitalized with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) infection in Saurashtra region. Methods: From September, 2009 to February, 2010, we observed 62 children infected with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus who were admitted in different hospitals in Rajkot city. Real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) testing was used to confirm infection; the clinico-epidemiological features of the disease were closely monitored. Results: Of 62 patients, median age was 2.5 years, and 56.5% were males. Median time of 5 days was observed from onset of illness to influenza A (H1N1) diagnosis, while median time of 7 days reported for hospital stay. All admitted patients received oseltamivir drug, but only 9.7% received it within 2 days of onset of illness. More than one fourth (29.0%) of admitted patients were expired. The most common symptoms were cough (69.4%), fever (61.3%), sore throat and shortness of breathing. Pneumonia was reported in 97.1% patients with chest radiography. Conclusion: We have demonstrated that infection related illness affects children with survival of 71% patients after antiviral treatment. The median time for virus detection with use of real-time RT-PCR is 5 days. Mortality reported high among children with radiological evidence of pneumonia.

International Journal of Health & Allied Sciences, 2016

Background: The Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) program aims at enhancing survival an... more Background: The Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) program aims at enhancing survival and development of children from the vulnerable sections of the society. Aim: The present study was conducted to assess various nutritional activities at anganwadi centers (AWCs) in different districts of Gujarat state. Settings and Design: AWCs, cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: A total of 130 AWCs were selected including 95 from rural and 35 from urban area from April 2012 to March 2015 including 12 districts of Gujarat and union territory, Diu. Five AWCs were selected from one district randomly. Detailed information about various nutritional activities including growth monitoring, preschool education (PSE) and nutrition and health education (NHED), coverage for supplementary nutrition (SN), type of food provided under SN, and its issues at AWCs was collected. Statistical Analysis: Percentages, proportions, Chi-square/Fischer's exact test. Results: Growth chart was available in 96.9% AWCs. The malnutrition was reported among 14.9% children. PSE received by all children was only in 14.6% AWCs. NHED meeting was conducted in 73.8% AWCs. High coverage of receiving SN among enrolled was reported in pregnant and lactating mothers (84.6%) and adolescents (79.2%). SN was fully acceptable in 91.5% AWCs. Interruption in SN supply during last 6 months was reported in 55.4% AWCs. Conclusion: Regular workshops should be conducted for ICDS staff to sensitize them about the importance of and practices on PSE. Interruption in supply of SN should be corrected by regular and adequate provision of SN foods to the beneficiaries.

Indian Journal of Dermatology, 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of national leprosy eradication programme (NLEP)... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of national leprosy eradication programme (NLEP) in Satara District. A retrospective record based study was conducted in the district leprosy control unit with evaluation indicators like prevalence rate (PR), new case detection rate (NCDR), percentage of cases released from treatment, proportion of female cases among new cases, proportion of multi bacillary (MB) cases among new cases, proportion of grade-2 disability among new cases and proportion of child cases among new cases and trend was analyzed for statistical significance by using Chi-square test. During study period from year March 2003-04 to March 2007-08, there was decrease in PR of leprosy from 2.46/10000 population to 0.62/10000 population, NCDR decreased from 3.46/10000 population to 0.77/10000 population and trend was statistically significant (p<0.001*, P<0.001*) respectively. Declining trend of grade 2 disability among new cases was noted and this was statistically significant (p<0.01*). Proportion of female cases among new cases showed little fluctuation from 43.3% to 47.5% but trend was statistically significant (p<0.03*). Proportion of MB cases among new cases increased from 44.4% to 53.6% while proportion of child cases among new cases decreased from 16.5% to 12% and trend was statistically significant (p <0.001*, p<0.001*) respectively. The NLEP has a favorable impact towards elimination of leprosy in Satara District, Maharashtra.

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 2015

Background: Despite significant progress in improvement of Government health care delivery system... more Background: Despite significant progress in improvement of Government health care delivery system over past decade, community is reluctant to accept it because of substandard level of quality. "5S" is one of the strategies used to improve the physical quality and work efficiency of organization. 5S stands for five Japanese words which can be translated in English as Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain. Rajkot Municipal Corporation has adopted 5S strategy within its health centers with the aim to improve image of public health care facility among community and thereby to increase coverage of health services. This study was conducted to assess 5S implementation status at all Urban Heath Centers under health department of Rajkot Municipal Corporation, Gujarat, India. Methods: "5S" was implemented by the corporation in campaign mode in 18 Urban Health Centers in July 2014. Campaign included training, baseline assessment, and observing 5S week. A cross sectional study was carried out by personal observation and interview to assess the implementation of 5S campaign. Standard audit check list recommended by the State Quality Assurance Cell, Gujarat was used to evaluate. Results: Overall; all five components of 5S showed significant improvement (p<0.001) with highest improvement in Sorting and Setting in order. Significant improvement in utilization of Out Patient, laboratory services, immunization, family planning services etc were observed in comparison to previous year's corresponding period. Conclusions: Significant improvement in utilization in major health care services was noted in the study after implementation of 5S. '5S' practice can be sustained with sincere and continuous efforts.

Saudi Journal for Health Sciences, 2013

Objective: To study and compare clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pediatric patient... more Objective: To study and compare clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pediatric patients hospitalized with 2009 pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) infection during two waves. Materials and Methods: From September 2009 to February 2011, 62 children were admitted in pediatric ward of the hospitals during 1 st wave and 55 during 2 nd wave, infected with 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) virus in Rajkot city. Real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) testing was used to confirm infection. The clinico-epidemiological features of the disease were closely compared and monitored. Results: First wave reported median age of 2.5 years, which was 2 years during second wave in positive cases. The median duration of diagnosis of infection was reported 5 days after onset of illness, and 7-day median time for hospital stay in both the waves. Majority of patients reported with cough and fever. Total 16.1% patients during 1 st wave and 27.3% in 2 nd wave reported some underlying condition. All admitted patients received oseltamivir drug, but only 9.7% (1 st season) and 12.7% (2 nd season) cases received it within 2 days of onset of illness. In both seasons, more than one-fourth (29.0%) of admitted patients expired. Pneumonia was reported in 97.1% patients (1 st wave) and in 60.0% (2 nd wave) with chest radiography. Conclusion: Influenza A (H1N1)-related illness affects children, including infants with survival of about 71% patients during both waves. The median time from the onset of illness to diagnosis was 5 days. Delayed referral, presence of any coexisting condition, pneumonia and receiving corticosteroid treatment were associated with severe Influenza A (H1N1).

Background: India reported first case of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in May,... more Background: India reported first case of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in May, 2009 and Saurashtra region in August, 2009. We describe the characteristics of fatal cases of 2009 influenza A (H1N1) infection reported in Saurashtra region. Methods: From September, 2009 to January, 2010, we observed 71 fatal cases that were infected with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus and admitted in different hospitals in Rajkot city. Real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) testing was used to confirm infection; the clinico-epidemiological features were observed and documented. Results: Median age of the deceased (71) was 29 years, and 57.7% were females. Median time observed was 5 days from onset of illness to diagnosis of influenza A (H1N1), and 57.7% were referred from general practitioner (OR=0.42, CI=0.24-0.74). Median hospital stay reported was 3 days. All admitted patients received oseltamivir, but only 16.9% received it within 2 days of onset of ill...

Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, 2015

Background: Even after more than 3 decades of implementation, the success of integrated child dev... more Background: Even after more than 3 decades of implementation, the success of integrated child development services (ICDS) program in tackling maternal and childhood problems still remain a matter of concern. The present study was conducted to assess issues related to Anganwadi worker (AWW) and Anganwadi center (AWC) including infrastructure facilities. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 AWCs were selected including 46 AWCs from a rural area and 14 AWCs from an urban area during April 2012 to March 2013 from 12 districts of Gujarat. Five AWCs were selected from one district. Information on AWWs background characteristics, along with infrastructure and other services delivered at AWCs were observed and recorded. Results: Majority (66.7%) AWCs building were owned by state and 73.3% AWCs having pucca type of building. Almost two-third (65%) AWWs had >10 years of experience. Induction training was given to only 1 AWW (7.1%) in an urban area. Poor findings were reported for regular health checkups (30%), immunization (10.0%), referral slips availability (18.3%), and referral of sick children (8.3%). Significant number of 6 months to 3 years age group and 3 to 6 years in rural areas received services from Anganwadi. Similarly, significant number of pregnant mothers (P < 0.00), lactating mothers (P < 0.00) and adolescent girls (P < 0.00) in rural areas compared to urban areas received Anganwadi services. Nutrition and health education day was observed in 81.7% AWCs. Conclusion: The performance of AWCs and maternal and child health services delivered by AWCs still needs improvement. Coordinated steps catering to different services provided at the centers are needed to optimize the functioning of the ICDS scheme.

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

The Journal of Medical Research, 2015

Healthline, 2020

Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, 2010

National journal of community medicine, 2017

International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 2017

International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 2017

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 2016

Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, Aug 21, 2010

International Journal of Health & Allied Sciences, 2016

Indian Journal of Dermatology, 2016

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 2015

Saudi Journal for Health Sciences, 2013

Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, 2015