VIVEKANAND CHATAP - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by VIVEKANAND CHATAP

International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and nanotechnology, Nov 14, 2023

International journal of pharmaceutical quality assurance, Sep 24, 2023

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), a frequently occurring, naturally occurring polypeptide ... more Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), a frequently occurring, naturally occurring polypeptide in people, has a variety of physiological effects that have been well-documented, including anti-inflammatory, immune-modulator, anti-hypertensive, augmentation of cardiac contractility, vasodilation, and fostering immune-neuroendocrine connection. VIP's synthetic equivalent, aviptadil (AVP),

Journal of medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences, Jan 30, 2022

Bioactive compound found in medicinal plants are used to treat a variety of human ailments and se... more Bioactive compound found in medicinal plants are used to treat a variety of human ailments and serve a vital part in healing. M. calabura L. is a species of Muntingia. (M. calabura, Elaeocarpaceae) has long been utilized to treat a variety of pain-related issues. The goal of this study is to investigate at the phytochemicals, antioxidants, and antibacterial capabilities of M. calabura bark. By using the soxhlation extraction, the dried bark of M. calabura was successively extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol solvents and the solvents from the extracts were evaporated under vacuum. The well-known test procedure was used to determine the qualitative analysis of various phytochemical elements as well as the quantitative analysis of total phenolic, flavonoids, and alkaloid content. The antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts bark was measured in vitro using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) model. The presence of numerous phytoconstituents in each extract was discovered through preliminary phytochemical analysis. To determine antimicrobial activity, a well diffusion method was used to test an ethyl acetate extract of M. calabura (bark) against three different strains, and it showed considerable inhibitory action against all of them. The present study concluded that the all the bark of M. calabura is a rich source of secondary phytoconstituents which impart significant antioxidant potential. The findings of the present study will be helpful to Phyto chemists, pharmacologists and pharmaceutical industries. Keywords: Flavonoid, Therapeutic efficacy, Traditional medicine, Neuroprotective effect, Alternative therapy.

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, May 30, 2022

The importance of medicinal plants and traditional health systems in solving the world's heal... more The importance of medicinal plants and traditional health systems in solving the world's health-care problems is increasingly being focused. Worldwide maximum population has a belief in natural resources (i.e. plants) for disease treatment, either due to diseases of drug resistance or synthetic drug side effects. To plant products in current research lines of phytochemical analysis, pharmacological screening and clinical trials, ethano-medicinal studies have thus been recognised in recent years. This analysis offers details about the botanical definition, common uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Pyrostegia venusta, one such essential herb. Pyrostegia venusta (Ker Gawl.) Miers, a native of the Brazilian Cerrado and popularly known as "cipó-de-são-joão," Bignoniaceae. In Brazilian herbal medicine, the flowers of P. venusta are used as a general tonic and a treatment for diarrhea, vitiligo, cough, and common illnesses and inflammatory disorders of the respiratory system. The current review could provide a sound basis for further research into the potential discovery of new natural bioactive compounds, and could provide preliminary information for future research.

Research journal of pharmacy and technology, Jun 28, 2022

Muntingia, or Jamaica Cherry, is a small, rapidly growing tree at full maturity that can reach up... more Muntingia, or Jamaica Cherry, is a small, rapidly growing tree at full maturity that can reach up to 40 ft tall. The soft leaves are evergreen, with alternative phyllotaxy. The leaves on top are dark green and underneath are light green. The small, white flowers are centered with yellow stamens. The small, round fruits are abundant, and have a red or yellow color depending on the variety. The fruits are raw edible or made into jam. The fruit had a potent anti-inflammatory action. The flowers, made into medicinal teas, are antiseptic and antispasmodic. The Muntingia calabura (M. Calabura) leaves exhibited anti-proliferative and antioxidant potential activities. The present Muntingia research is to provide a description of the common applications and pharmacological potential. In conclusion, this review is hoped to serve as an incentive for others to further explore the pharmacological potential of M. calabura is designed to develop as a new therapeutic agent.

International journal of pharmaceutical quality assurance, Jun 25, 2023

Polysaccharide gums are among the most popular industry components and have become the subject of... more Polysaccharide gums are among the most popular industry components and have become the subject of much research regarding their long-term sustainability, biodegradability and biological safety. 1 A few drawbacks, however accompany the use of gums. They include the potential of microbial contamination, changing rates of hydration, influenced by pH soluble content, thickening up, and viscosity loss on storage are a few of these. Gums can be chemically altered to reduce these limitations while simultaneously increasing their solubility and viscosity. 2 According to Duke et al., the endosperm, or outermost layer, of a seed of the species Sesbania grandiflora (Leguminosae) is used to make Sesbania gum. According to Faroogi et al., Sesbania seeds are composed of a coat 6.9 to 18.9%, endosperm 40 to 42% and germ about 51.1%. The outermost layer of seed is made up of galactose side chain residues linked by-(1-6) and a mannan backbone connected by-(1-4) glycosidic connections, which is known as galactomannan. According to one study, the ratio of galactose to mannose produced by the acid hydrolysis of Sesbania galactamannan gum was 1.2:2.2 as opposed to 1:3.9 for locust bean (carob), and for tara gum 1:2, and 1:3. It is believed that the varying degrees of branching are what produce the variances in the characteristics of galactamannan gums. More side groups reduce the amount of molecular bonding and improve the coldwater dispersion of gum, as reported as. 3,4 Galactamannan, sometimes referred to as galactose side chain residues and a mannan backbone coupled by-(1-4) glycosidic linkages, make up the endosperm. In contrast to the ratios of 1:3.9 for locust bean (carob), 1:2, and 1:3 for Tara gum, one study found that the ratio of galactose to mannose generated by the acid hydrolysis of Sesbania galactamannan gum was 1.2:2.2. The differences in properties of galactamannan gums are assumed to be caused by the varied degree of branching. 5 The reagents utilized and the reaction conditions have a significant impact on how effective the hydroxy propylation reaction is. Due to its accessible structure, the amorphous area

INDIAN DRUGS

Presently, the cosmetics sector is among the fastest-expanding sectors of the economy. Plenty of ... more Presently, the cosmetics sector is among the fastest-expanding sectors of the economy. Plenty of researchers have reported that natural surfactants could prominently replace synthetic surfactants considering the superiority in safety and effectiveness. This research aimed to isolate surfactants from custard apple peel and formulate an herbal shampoo. Initially, isolation of the saponin was accomplished followed by the formulation of herbal shampoo. Interestingly, optimized batch A demonstrated the optimum synthetic pH and high foaming capacity of shampoo for upto 4 mins. Moreover, herbal shampoo showed good cleansing properties and detergency. Additionally, it exhibited superior smoothing, no skin irritation, and a shining effect with the respect to the marketed formulation. Hence, it can be prominently used as a substitute for chemical surfactants in designing shampoo and other cosmetics.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY

The aim of the research was to develop a ropinirole mouth-dissolving film employing solvent casti... more The aim of the research was to develop a ropinirole mouth-dissolving film employing solvent casting and spin coating methods with sesbenia gum acting as a film-forming agent. Parkinson’s disease is treated with ropinirole. Sesbenia gum was designed as a film-forming ingredient in the 25 to 600 mg concentration range for solvent casting and 50 to 250 mg for spin coating. For both procedures, the concentration of the plasticizer propylene glycol was optimized between (0.3 and 1.0 mL). Film-forming agent and plasticizer effects at various concentrations were examined. For the solvent casting and spin coating processes, the plasticizer concentration was 0.3 mL for each, while the optimal film-forming agent concentrations were 50 and 150 mg, respectively. Ropinirole MDFs were made employing an enhanced concentration and more excipients. In comparison to the solvent casting approach, the spin coating process produced films with better surface morphology, a 24 seconds shorter disintegratio...

The objective of the present study was to investigate the hepatoprotective activity of alcoholic ... more The objective of the present study was to investigate the hepatoprotective activity of alcoholic and ethyl acetate leaves extract of Ziziphus mauriatiana against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity. The material was dried in shade, they were powdred and extracted with alcohol and ethyl acetate. Preliminary phytochemical tests were done in the presence of phytoconstituents like flavonoids, saponins, phenolic compounds and tannins. The present activity on rats shown alteration in the level of biochemical markers of hepatic damage like ALT, AST, ALP, Bilirubin and Protin were tested in both paracetamol treated and untreated groups. Wistar rats were induced hepatotoxicity by oral administration of paracetamol (640mg/kg) for 10 days. The hepatotoxicity induced rats were used for the studies. Ethyl acetate extract (400mg/kg), ethanol extract (300mg/kg) and standard (Silymarin) reduced the elevated levels of enzyme markers such as AST, ALT, ALP, and total bilirubin and increased in total proteins levels. The histopathological investigations also supported above effect of ethyl acetate and ethanolic extract by indicating the reduction in inflammatory collection and absence of fatty vacuoles in liver sections.

International journal of drug delivery technology, Jun 25, 2022

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a ubiquitous, naturally synthesized human peptide, is extens... more Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a ubiquitous, naturally synthesized human peptide, is extensively documented to have diverse physiological effects like anti-inflammatory, immunemodulatory, anti-hypertensive, stimulation of contractility in the heart, vasodilation, and promoting neuroendocrineimmune communication. 1 VIP is the synthetic form of VIP that increases adenosine cyclase activity with consequent smooth muscle relaxation. Relief Therapeutics has been granted investigational new drug (IND) status in the US and Europe, along with orphan drug designation for the use of VIP in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute lung injury (ALI), pulmonary fibrosis, and sarcoidosis. 2 The male genital tract naturally contains the 28-amino acid neurotransmitter known as the VIP (VIP: International nonproprietary name, Aviptadil), which is thought to play a part in the local neurological control of smooth muscle activity and penile erection. 3 VIP appears to play a specialized role in smooth muscle relaxation, which results in systemic vasodilation, enhanced cardiac output, and bronchodilation. VIP has a variety of physiological effects, including smooth muscle relaxation that causes systemic vasodilation, increased cardiac output, bronchodilation, some variations in the effects on gastric motility and secretory processes, hyperglycemia, inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation, hormonal regulation, analgesia, hyperthermia, neurotropic effects, ABSTRACT Introduction: Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a ubiquitous, naturally synthesized human peptide is extensively documented to have diverse physiological effects like anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory, anti-hypertensive, stimulation of contractility in the heart, vasodilation, and promoting neuroendocrine-immune communication. The synthetic form of VIP is called aviptadil (AVP). The main objective of this research was to develop a novel stable lyophilized dosage of VIP (Aviptadil) using sucrose as a bulking agent. AVP is a peptide with known concern for aqueous stability, which seems to be challenging for storing finished drug products and supply chain management. The VIP injection was developed using the lyophilization technique in the presence of bulking agent and some other pH-adjusting agent. The bulking agent and solvent system selection depends upon the solubility, stability of the drug substance, and feasibility during manufacturing. During product formulation development, the bulk solution was evaluated for processing time and temperature impact. The lyophilization cycle was developed using the most advanced freeze-drying technology. Result and discussion: With the usage of bulking agent (sucrose) as may act as a cryoprotectant for peptide, the formulated bulk solution was freeze-dried, and primary drying was done at-25°C (below than critical product temperature) followed by secondary drying at 25°C. The critical quality attributes of lyophilized drug products like the description of lyophilized cake/ powder, moisture content, reconstitution time, active drug content and color of the solution were evaluated. The developed formulation bulk solution was stable and compatible with contact materials like SS vessels when hold up to 24 hours at 2 to 8°C. The optimized freeze-dried product meets the predefined acceptance criteria as part of the quality target product profile. Conclusions: It can be concluded from the research work carried out that a stable lyophilized parenteral formulation containing VIP (AVP) was developed using sucrose as a bulking agent. These findings show that the freeze-dried formulation is an appropriate technological remedy for stabilizing VIP in lyophilized injectable dosage form.

Functional composites and structures, Jan 12, 2021

Cellulose-based magnetic nanocomposites (Cf-MNCs) have been introduced using a modified one-pot i... more Cellulose-based magnetic nanocomposites (Cf-MNCs) have been introduced using a modified one-pot in situ co-precipitation method using iron salts with various concentrations in the alkali solution. Fabricated nanocomposites investigated for structural and functional properties with different spectroscopic characterization techniques prior to use in dye degradation study. The scanning electron microscopy revealed the morphological structure of the synthesized nanofibers and nanocomposites. The elemental analysis and vibrating sample magnetometry emphasized the presence of Fe elements attributed to the iron salts. The HRTEM analysis showed a destructed cellulose fiber network indicating its arrangement into nanocomposites. Moreover, the crystal properties of the Cf-MNCs were accomplished using x-ray powder diffraction (79.3% crystallinity). The Fourier transform infrared analysis and differential scanning calorimetry gives the idea about the structural and functional changes in the cellulose fibers loaded with iron oxide nanoparticles. The functional adsorption properties of the prepared nanocomposites have been evaluated using methylene blue and Alizarin red S carcinogenic dyes. The dye adsorption of the fabricated Cf-MNCs nanocomposites was found to be 93%. We affirmed that this novel eco-friendly degradable polymer-based nanocomposite has great potential in the field of catalyst fabrication for the degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater.

Advances in pharmacology and pharmacy, Sep 1, 2014

The design of the present investigation was to prepare furosemide bounded pharmacosomes to enhanc... more The design of the present investigation was to prepare furosemide bounded pharmacosomes to enhance solubility and permeability drug by simple reproducible solvent evaporation technique and further investigated. Furosemide bounded pharmacosomes formulation (PMC1 & PMC2) was taken and compared with pure drug by way of enhanced solubility 5.4 fold in the water, 3.33, 4.76 fold in pH 7.4 and pH 5.8 respectively, increases permeability of furosemide bounded pharmacosomes 28.28% when compared with pure drug, drug content showed 94.83, N-octanol/water partition coefficient from 2.33 to 5.15 and in-vitro release profile exhibits excellent sustained drug release properties. Prepared furosemide bounded Pharmacosomes were confirmed from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and FT-IR. The pharmacosomes reported amphiphilic nature may responsible for the improvement of solubility and permeability leads to enhancement of oral bioavailability. From this study it can be concluded that, this formulation strategy becomes important for drug belongs to the BCS class-II & IV.

Advances in Pharmacology and Pharmacy

Application of drug by topical route is an alternate route for the treatment of skin diseases for... more Application of drug by topical route is an alternate route for the treatment of skin diseases for systemic route. The skin diseases can be treated by administration of drug by local application and may avoid first pass metabolism. It minimizes systemic side effects and when applied locally can be removed easily if any side effects occur like, irritation, skin rash, redness at the application site. The topical drug delivery has been beneficial for longer period of time because of availability of large surface area of skin which exposed to circulatory routes. Because of this route, one can be directly applied to any external body surface and it is only for local application. Amongst many types of topical dosage form delivery, gel is most likely to be used and is a patient-friendly dosage form. Due to the lack of insoluble excipients and oily bases, the gel represents better release of drug as compared to other topical drug delivery system. Nowadays, many industries follow QbD (Quality by Design) approach for the formulation of Gel to prepare a quality medicine delivery to patients. The QbD approach describes the CQA, CMA and CPP of the formulation which ensures the quality of dosage form. This review article focuses on the different dosage forms, types of gel, evaluation by taking parameters such as drug content, pH, spreadability, extrudability, viscosity, swelling index and in-vitro drug diffusion and application of QbD approach to gel formulation.

International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review, 2020

The oral route of drug administration is the most important and most user-friendly route of admin... more The oral route of drug administration is the most important and most user-friendly route of administration. In recent years, Multiple Unit Pellet Systems (MUPS) tablets are widely used in solid dosage form design. MUPS is considered to provide pharmacokinetic advantages compared to monolithic dosage forms. Combination of drug substances and release profiles can be provided by formulating the MUPS tablets with different pellet qualities or combining pellets with drugs in powder or granulated form. MUPS tablet contains several hundred of coated pellets of active pharmaceutical ingredients which delivered the drug at predetermined rate and absorption to provide constant blood profile. MUPS are easily administered as disintegratable tablet which disperse into their subunits across the stomach and the small intestine, leading to predictable oral transition and constant bioavailability.

Pharmacognosy Journal, 2010

The present study was designed to evaluate the juice extracted from flower petals (bracts) of cli... more The present study was designed to evaluate the juice extracted from flower petals (bracts) of climbing woody vine Bougainvillea glabra Choisy (Nyctaginaceae) as a titration indicator. A comparative study of Bougainvillea juice, a natural indicator, with synthetic indicator viz. phenolphthalein, methyl orange and neutral red-methylene blue were carried out to evaluate the accuracy of Bougainvillea juice as an acid-base indicator. The results indicated that juice obtained from flowers of Bougainvillea glabra can be used as acid base indicator in titration of strong acid with strong base because similar results were obtained by phenolphthalein and the rationale behind using Bougainvillea juice in preference to phenolphthalein is its easy availability, inertness, ease of preparation and cost-effectiveness and also the indicator papers prepared using Bougainvillea juice can be used to differentiate solutions in pH range of 7–10 because it showed different colors at each pH from 7–10.

Medicinal Chemistry Research

The aim of present work was to investigate the inclusion complexation of zaltoprofen (ZPF), a wat... more The aim of present work was to investigate the inclusion complexation of zaltoprofen (ZPF), a water insoluble drug, with â-cyclodextrin (â-CD) in order to improve solubility and dissolution rate of the drug in an attempt to enhance its bioavailability. The complex of ZPF/ â-CD (1:1) was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, solubility and dissolution studies. According to the DSC/PXRD data, no endothermic and characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to ZPF were observed for the inclusion complex, suggesting that, crystallinity of zaltoprofen was reduced. FTIR study revealed that there was no drugpolymer interaction between ZPF and â-CD. The complex ZPF/â-CD (1:1) exhibited higher dissolution rate than that of pure drug and physical mixture in both pH6.8 and pH7.4 buffer solutions. The aqueous solubility of the complex increased to about 150 and 145 folds in pH6.8 and pH7.4 buf...