Vittorio Rosato - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Vittorio Rosato
ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
Earthquake-induced rubble in urbanized areas must be mapped and characterized. Location, volume, ... more Earthquake-induced rubble in urbanized areas must be mapped and characterized. Location, volume, weight and constituents are key information in order to support emergency activities and optimize rubble management. A procedure to work out the geometric characteristics of the rubble heaps has already been reported in a previous work, whereas here an original methodology for retrieving the rubble’s constituents by means of active and passive remote sensing techniques, based on airborne (LiDAR and RGB aero-photogrammetric) and satellite (WorldView-3) Very High Resolution (VHR) sensors, is presented. Due to the high spectral heterogeneity of seismic rubble, Spectral Mixture Analysis, through the Sequential Maximum Angle Convex Cone algorithm, was adopted to derive the linear mixed model distribution of remotely sensed spectral responses of pure materials (endmembers). These endmembers were then mapped on the hyperspectral signatures of various materials acquired on site, testing differen...
Electrical distribution networks deliver a fundamental service to citizens. However, they are sti... more Electrical distribution networks deliver a fundamental service to citizens. However, they are still highly vulnerable to natural hazards as well as to cyberattacks; therefore, additional commitment and investments are needed to foster their resilience. Toward that, this paper presents and proposes the use of a complex simulation model, called reconfiguration simulator (RecSIM), enabling to evaluate the effectiveness of resilience enhancement strategies for electric distribution networks and the required resources to implement them. The focus is, in particular, on one specific attribute of resilience, namely, the readiness, i.e., the promptness and efficiency to recover the service functionality after a crisis event by managing and deploying the available resources rapidly and effectively. RecSIM allows estimating how and to what extent technological, topological, and management issues might improve electrical distribution networks’ functionality after the occurrence of accidental fa...
Infrastructures
A procedure for assessing and monitoring the response of critical infrastructures when subjected ... more A procedure for assessing and monitoring the response of critical infrastructures when subjected to natural hazards is proposed in this paper, with a particular focus on bridges and viaducts, which are very peculiar and strategic assets of transport networks. The proposed procedure is characterized by three levels of analysis (L1–L3) with increasing reliability and complexity. The first level of analysis (L1) is carried out by evaluating a Class of Attention in line with the approach that is proposed by the Italian Guidelines for the safety assessment of bridges. The second level (L2) of analysis requires the definition of a numerical model of the bridge. The third level (L3) of analysis relies on the seismic response data from a seismic monitoring network. For all the three levels of the proposed procedure, data are collected in the CIPCast Decision Support System (CIPCast-DSS), a WebGIS platform developed by ENEA to support the decision-making process related to risk prevention an...
In this paper an overview of the first results of FP7 CIPRNet project is presented. Particularly,... more In this paper an overview of the first results of FP7 CIPRNet project is presented. Particularly, we demonstrate CIPRNet services for critical infrastructure protection (CIP) stakeholders. The role of the proposed services is to support decisions in the CIP domain. More-over, those services are expected to serve as the under-pinnings for the European Infrastructures Simulation and Analysis Centre (EISAC) which, similarly to the US NISAC, should provide operational services on CIP, for the benefits of CI operators, stakeholders and the Public Authorities committed to CIP.
It is proposed that the co-expression of statistically significant motifs among the sequences of ... more It is proposed that the co-expression of statistically significant motifs among the sequences of a proteome is a phylogenetic trait. From the co-expression matrix of such motifs in a group of prokaryotic proteomes a suitable definition of a phylogenetic distance is introduced and the corresponding distance matrix between proteomes is constructed. From the distance matrix a phylogenetic tree is inferred, following a standard procedure. The inferred tree is compared with with a reference tree deduced from a distance matrix obtained from the alignment of ribosomal RNA sequences. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that biological evolution manifests itself with a modulation of basic correlations between shared peptides of short length, present in protein sequences. Moreover, the simple procedure we propose confirms that it is possible, sampling entire proteomes, to average the effects of lateral gene transfer and infer reasonable phylogenies.
The rapid increase in integrated circuit densities, with the slowing in the increase in commodity... more The rapid increase in integrated circuit densities, with the slowing in the increase in commodity CPU clock rates, has fostered the investigation of hybrid architectures using FPGA technologies to provide some specialized accelerated computational capability, such as the Cray XD-1 system. In order to take full advantage of the FPGA enabled nodes of the Cray XD-1 system, and avoiding the traditional problematic development times typical of custom digital circuit design, High Level Synthesis (HLS) methodologies appear to be a promising research avenue. An HLS allows one to obtain a synthesizable VHDL description, in a near automated way, starting from a specific algorithm given in some High Level language (such as the ANSI C). In this presentation we describe the using of the HLS methodology developed by Ylichron S.r.l. – a spin-off company of the Italian Agency for the New Technologies, the Energy and the Environment (ENEA) – to implement a library of core algorithms utilizing the FP...
ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 2021
Historic areas (HAs) are highly vulnerable to natural hazards, including earthquakes, that can ca... more Historic areas (HAs) are highly vulnerable to natural hazards, including earthquakes, that can cause severe damage, if not total destruction. This paper proposes methods that can be implemented through a geographical information system to assess earthquake-induced physical damages and the resulting impacts on the functions of HAs and to monitor their resilience. For the assessment of damages, making reference to the universally recognised procedure of convoluting hazard, exposure, and vulnerability, this paper proposes (a) a framework for assessing hazard maps of both real and end-user defined earthquakes; (b) a classification of the exposed elements of the built environment; and (c) an index-based seismic vulnerability assessment method for heritage buildings. Moving towards the continuous monitoring of resilience, an index-based assessment method is proposed to quantify how the functions of HAs recover over time. The implementation of the proposed methods in an ad hoc customized W...
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021
Milk extracellular vesicles (mEVs) seem to be one of the main maternal messages delivery systems.... more Milk extracellular vesicles (mEVs) seem to be one of the main maternal messages delivery systems. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are micro/nano-sized membrane-bound structures enclosing signaling molecules and thus acting as signal mediators between distant cells and/or tissues, exerting biological effects such as immune modulation and pro-regenerative activity. Milk is also a unique, scalable, and reliable source of EVs. Our aim was to characterize the RNA content of cow, donkey, and goat mEVs through transcriptomic analysis of mRNA and small RNA libraries. Over 10,000 transcripts and 2000 small RNAs were expressed in mEVs of each species. Among the most represented transcripts, 110 mRNAs were common between the species with cow acting as the most divergent. The most represented small RNA class was miRNA in all the species, with 10 shared miRNAs having high impact on the immune regulatory function. Functional analysis for the most abundant mRNAs shows epigenetic functions such as his...
Issues on Risk Analysis for Critical Infrastructure Protection, 2021
As critical systems shall withstand different types of perturbations affecting their functionalit... more As critical systems shall withstand different types of perturbations affecting their functionalities and their service level, resilience is a very important requirement. Especially in an urban critical infrastructures where the occurrence of natural events may influence the state of other dependent infrastructures from various different sectors, the overall resilience of such infrastructures against large scale failures is even more important. When a perturbation occurs in a system, the quality (level) of the service provided by the affected system will be reduced and a recovery phase will be triggered to restore the system to its normal operation level. According to the implemented recovery controls, the restoration phase may follow a different growth model. This paper extends a previous time-based dependency risk analysis methodology by integrating and assessing the effect of recovery controls. The main goal is to dynamically assess the evolution of recovery over time, in order to...
Applied Sciences, 2021
The electrical distribution network (EDN) is a critical infrastructure that plays a primary role ... more The electrical distribution network (EDN) is a critical infrastructure that plays a primary role in a person’s life. Its resilience is a primary property to be achieved in order to withstand all types of perturbations affecting their functions, thus guaranteeing service continuity in adverse conditions. Resilience arises from a combination of a number of properties and actions related to both intrinsic system technologies and management skills. This work proposes a model enabling the estimation of the EDN operational resilience. The proposed model accounts for most of the parameters influencing the resilience of the network, such as network topology, technological properties of its active elements, the SCADA systems, automation procedures and management efficiency. Results confirm that the model can appropriately handle a real network with a large dimension and provide valuable insights to electrical operators.
Infrastructure Management and Construction, 2019
Electrical distribution networks deliver a fundamental service to citizens. However, they are sti... more Electrical distribution networks deliver a fundamental service to citizens. However, they are still highly vulnerable to natural hazards as well as to cyberattacks; therefore, additional commitment and investments are needed to foster their resilience. Toward that, this paper presents and proposes the use of a complex simulation model, called reconfiguration simulator (RecSIM), enabling to evaluate the effectiveness of resilience enhancement strategies for electric distribution networks and the required resources to implement them. The focus is, in particular, on one specific attribute of resilience, namely, the readiness, i.e., the promptness and efficiency to recover the service functionality after a crisis event by managing and deploying the available resources rapidly and effectively. RecSIM allows estimating how and to what extent technological, topological, and management issues might improve electrical distribution networks' functionality after the occurrence of accidental faults, accounting for interdependency issues and reconfiguration possibilities. The viability of implementing RecSIM on a real and large urban network is showcased in the paper with reference to the study case of the electrical distribution network (EDN) of Rome city.
Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 2016
The ultimate target of Modelling and Simulation (M&S) activities in the field of CIP is to provid... more The ultimate target of Modelling and Simulation (M&S) activities in the field of CIP is to provide Models, Methodologies and tools to help in the analysis of different crisis' scenarios and, subsequently, in crisis management decision making. A CIs' disruptions scenario is simply a sequence of random events following a well-defined chronological order. Generally, each identified scenario produces a set of consequences which is a function of: the initiating event, the concerned CIs and the geo-organizational context of the disrupted CIs. Formal sciences represent the reality of our surrounding world. But formal sciences are imperfect and what we call "reality" is the projection of the inaccessible "Reality" on our world. This projection is the only reality we are talking about in formal sciences. Subsequently, formal sciences construct objects in which small parts of the sensible reality are grasped and formalized. These objects can be called "models". We are limiting our interest here to formal sciences and engineering activities that cover both conceptual and phenomenological modelling processes. Models are first validated before being admitted in the construction of a global model of the sensible reality. Regarding our focus on crisis scenarios modelling, simulation and analysis (MS&A), engineers' ambition is to simulate not only independent isolated phenomenon but also interacting multi-physic multi-scale phenomenon. M. Eid (&) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives,
Sciprints, 2016
Densely urbanized areas, with a low percentage of green vegetation, are highly exposed to Heat Wa... more Densely urbanized areas, with a low percentage of green vegetation, are highly exposed to Heat Waves (HW) which nowadays are increasing in terms of frequency and intensity also in the middle-latitude regions, due to ongoing Climate Change (CC). Their negative effects may combine with those of the UHI (Urban Heat Island), a local phenomenon where air temperatures in the compact built up cores of towns increase more than those in the surrounding rural areas, with significant impact on the quality of urban environment, on citizens health and energy consumption and transport, as it has occurred in the summer of 2003 on France and Italian central-northern areas. In this context this work aims at designing and developing a methodology based on aero-spatial remote sensing (EO) at medium-high resolution and most recent GIS techniques, for the extensive characterization of the urban fabric response to these climatic impacts related to the temperature within the general framework of supportin...
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 2015
In this paper an overview of the first results of FP7 CIPRNet project is presented. Particularly,... more In this paper an overview of the first results of FP7 CIPRNet project is presented. Particularly, we demonstrate CIPRNet services for critical infrastructure protection (CIP) stakeholders. The role of the proposed services is to support decisions in the CIP domain. Moreover, those services are expected to serve as the underpinnings for the European Infrastructures Simulation and Analysis Centre (EISAC) which, similarly to the US NISAC, should provide operational services on CIP, for the benefits of CI operators, stakeholders and the Public Authorities committed to CIP.
Proceedings 9th Heterogeneous Computing Workshop (HCW 2000) (Cat. No.PR00556)
In this work we present the results of a project aimed at assembling an hybrid massively parallel... more In this work we present the results of a project aimed at assembling an hybrid massively parallel machine, the PQE1 prototype, devoted to the simulation of complex physical models. The analysis of some of the existing parallel architectures has revealed that general-purpose machines are largely over-dimensioned and often perform inefficiently in grand-challenge scientific applications. We have thus developed an heterogeneous parallel system which matches task-heterogeneity with architecture-heterogeneity: in fact special-purpose massively parallel architectures, when coupled to general-purpose machines, are able to efficiently satisfy the requirements of complex scientific computing. We present the HW structure and the SW tools developed for the PQE1 prototype. Starting from the concept of machine-granularity and task-granularity, we show the necessity to exploit both high granularity and low granularity parallelism to efficiently use the PQE1 system. Some examples describing application fields in which the PQE1 prototype has been successfully used are briefly described.
International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, 2008
We investigate the consequence of failures, occurring on the electrical grid, on a telecommunicat... more We investigate the consequence of failures, occurring on the electrical grid, on a telecommunication network. We have focused on the Italian electrical transmission network and the backbone of the internet network for research (GARR). Electrical network has been simulated using the DC power flow method; data traffic on GARR by a model of the TCP/IP basic features. The status of GARR nodes has been related to the power level of the (geographically) neighbouring electrical nodes (if the power level of a node is lower than a threshold, all communication nodes depending on it are switched off). The electrical network has been perturbed by lines removal: the consequent re-dispatching reduces the power level in all nodes. This reduces the number of active GARR nodes and, thus, its Quality of Service (QoS). Averaging over many configurations of perturbed electrical network, we have correlated the degradation of the electrical network with that of the 64 V. Rosato et al. communication network. Results point to a sizeable amplification of the effects of faults on the electrical network on the communication network, also in the case of a moderate coupling between the two networks.
19th IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium
Discovering cooperative Transcription Factors (TF's) within the genome is a computationally chall... more Discovering cooperative Transcription Factors (TF's) within the genome is a computationally challenging problem, tackled through Monte Carlo-like analysis by the Co-Bind code, developed at the Department of Genetics of the St. Louis Washington University. Due to its statistical nature, Co-Bind is characterized by very long execution times, order of days on current high-end workstations, and could benefit from parallelization and a wise optimization, performed at both the algorithmic and coding levels. This work presents the results achieved by parallelizing Co-Bind and optimising the parallel code and shows that, on a 16-processor architecture, a speedup greater than two orders of magnitude is achieved with respect to the serial version released by the code's authors.
High level environment such as High Performance Fortran (HPF) supporting the development of paral... more High level environment such as High Performance Fortran (HPF) supporting the development of parallel applications and porting of legacy codes to parallel architectures have not yet gained a broad acceptance and diffusion. Common objections claim difficulty of performance tuning, limitation of its application to regular, data parallel computations, and lack of robustness of parallelizing HPF compilers in handling large sized codes. We have adopted the HPF approach in porting three different applications, performing plasma and molecular dynamics simulation, developed at the Italian National Agency for New Technology, Energy and the Environment (ENEA). We report in this paper our experiences gained during this effort, providing a case study for testing the suitability of the HPF approach to achieve the target of an easy and effective parallelization (or parallel development) and maintenance of real, large sized scientific applications.
ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
Earthquake-induced rubble in urbanized areas must be mapped and characterized. Location, volume, ... more Earthquake-induced rubble in urbanized areas must be mapped and characterized. Location, volume, weight and constituents are key information in order to support emergency activities and optimize rubble management. A procedure to work out the geometric characteristics of the rubble heaps has already been reported in a previous work, whereas here an original methodology for retrieving the rubble’s constituents by means of active and passive remote sensing techniques, based on airborne (LiDAR and RGB aero-photogrammetric) and satellite (WorldView-3) Very High Resolution (VHR) sensors, is presented. Due to the high spectral heterogeneity of seismic rubble, Spectral Mixture Analysis, through the Sequential Maximum Angle Convex Cone algorithm, was adopted to derive the linear mixed model distribution of remotely sensed spectral responses of pure materials (endmembers). These endmembers were then mapped on the hyperspectral signatures of various materials acquired on site, testing differen...
Electrical distribution networks deliver a fundamental service to citizens. However, they are sti... more Electrical distribution networks deliver a fundamental service to citizens. However, they are still highly vulnerable to natural hazards as well as to cyberattacks; therefore, additional commitment and investments are needed to foster their resilience. Toward that, this paper presents and proposes the use of a complex simulation model, called reconfiguration simulator (RecSIM), enabling to evaluate the effectiveness of resilience enhancement strategies for electric distribution networks and the required resources to implement them. The focus is, in particular, on one specific attribute of resilience, namely, the readiness, i.e., the promptness and efficiency to recover the service functionality after a crisis event by managing and deploying the available resources rapidly and effectively. RecSIM allows estimating how and to what extent technological, topological, and management issues might improve electrical distribution networks’ functionality after the occurrence of accidental fa...
Infrastructures
A procedure for assessing and monitoring the response of critical infrastructures when subjected ... more A procedure for assessing and monitoring the response of critical infrastructures when subjected to natural hazards is proposed in this paper, with a particular focus on bridges and viaducts, which are very peculiar and strategic assets of transport networks. The proposed procedure is characterized by three levels of analysis (L1–L3) with increasing reliability and complexity. The first level of analysis (L1) is carried out by evaluating a Class of Attention in line with the approach that is proposed by the Italian Guidelines for the safety assessment of bridges. The second level (L2) of analysis requires the definition of a numerical model of the bridge. The third level (L3) of analysis relies on the seismic response data from a seismic monitoring network. For all the three levels of the proposed procedure, data are collected in the CIPCast Decision Support System (CIPCast-DSS), a WebGIS platform developed by ENEA to support the decision-making process related to risk prevention an...
In this paper an overview of the first results of FP7 CIPRNet project is presented. Particularly,... more In this paper an overview of the first results of FP7 CIPRNet project is presented. Particularly, we demonstrate CIPRNet services for critical infrastructure protection (CIP) stakeholders. The role of the proposed services is to support decisions in the CIP domain. More-over, those services are expected to serve as the under-pinnings for the European Infrastructures Simulation and Analysis Centre (EISAC) which, similarly to the US NISAC, should provide operational services on CIP, for the benefits of CI operators, stakeholders and the Public Authorities committed to CIP.
It is proposed that the co-expression of statistically significant motifs among the sequences of ... more It is proposed that the co-expression of statistically significant motifs among the sequences of a proteome is a phylogenetic trait. From the co-expression matrix of such motifs in a group of prokaryotic proteomes a suitable definition of a phylogenetic distance is introduced and the corresponding distance matrix between proteomes is constructed. From the distance matrix a phylogenetic tree is inferred, following a standard procedure. The inferred tree is compared with with a reference tree deduced from a distance matrix obtained from the alignment of ribosomal RNA sequences. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that biological evolution manifests itself with a modulation of basic correlations between shared peptides of short length, present in protein sequences. Moreover, the simple procedure we propose confirms that it is possible, sampling entire proteomes, to average the effects of lateral gene transfer and infer reasonable phylogenies.
The rapid increase in integrated circuit densities, with the slowing in the increase in commodity... more The rapid increase in integrated circuit densities, with the slowing in the increase in commodity CPU clock rates, has fostered the investigation of hybrid architectures using FPGA technologies to provide some specialized accelerated computational capability, such as the Cray XD-1 system. In order to take full advantage of the FPGA enabled nodes of the Cray XD-1 system, and avoiding the traditional problematic development times typical of custom digital circuit design, High Level Synthesis (HLS) methodologies appear to be a promising research avenue. An HLS allows one to obtain a synthesizable VHDL description, in a near automated way, starting from a specific algorithm given in some High Level language (such as the ANSI C). In this presentation we describe the using of the HLS methodology developed by Ylichron S.r.l. – a spin-off company of the Italian Agency for the New Technologies, the Energy and the Environment (ENEA) – to implement a library of core algorithms utilizing the FP...
ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 2021
Historic areas (HAs) are highly vulnerable to natural hazards, including earthquakes, that can ca... more Historic areas (HAs) are highly vulnerable to natural hazards, including earthquakes, that can cause severe damage, if not total destruction. This paper proposes methods that can be implemented through a geographical information system to assess earthquake-induced physical damages and the resulting impacts on the functions of HAs and to monitor their resilience. For the assessment of damages, making reference to the universally recognised procedure of convoluting hazard, exposure, and vulnerability, this paper proposes (a) a framework for assessing hazard maps of both real and end-user defined earthquakes; (b) a classification of the exposed elements of the built environment; and (c) an index-based seismic vulnerability assessment method for heritage buildings. Moving towards the continuous monitoring of resilience, an index-based assessment method is proposed to quantify how the functions of HAs recover over time. The implementation of the proposed methods in an ad hoc customized W...
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021
Milk extracellular vesicles (mEVs) seem to be one of the main maternal messages delivery systems.... more Milk extracellular vesicles (mEVs) seem to be one of the main maternal messages delivery systems. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are micro/nano-sized membrane-bound structures enclosing signaling molecules and thus acting as signal mediators between distant cells and/or tissues, exerting biological effects such as immune modulation and pro-regenerative activity. Milk is also a unique, scalable, and reliable source of EVs. Our aim was to characterize the RNA content of cow, donkey, and goat mEVs through transcriptomic analysis of mRNA and small RNA libraries. Over 10,000 transcripts and 2000 small RNAs were expressed in mEVs of each species. Among the most represented transcripts, 110 mRNAs were common between the species with cow acting as the most divergent. The most represented small RNA class was miRNA in all the species, with 10 shared miRNAs having high impact on the immune regulatory function. Functional analysis for the most abundant mRNAs shows epigenetic functions such as his...
Issues on Risk Analysis for Critical Infrastructure Protection, 2021
As critical systems shall withstand different types of perturbations affecting their functionalit... more As critical systems shall withstand different types of perturbations affecting their functionalities and their service level, resilience is a very important requirement. Especially in an urban critical infrastructures where the occurrence of natural events may influence the state of other dependent infrastructures from various different sectors, the overall resilience of such infrastructures against large scale failures is even more important. When a perturbation occurs in a system, the quality (level) of the service provided by the affected system will be reduced and a recovery phase will be triggered to restore the system to its normal operation level. According to the implemented recovery controls, the restoration phase may follow a different growth model. This paper extends a previous time-based dependency risk analysis methodology by integrating and assessing the effect of recovery controls. The main goal is to dynamically assess the evolution of recovery over time, in order to...
Applied Sciences, 2021
The electrical distribution network (EDN) is a critical infrastructure that plays a primary role ... more The electrical distribution network (EDN) is a critical infrastructure that plays a primary role in a person’s life. Its resilience is a primary property to be achieved in order to withstand all types of perturbations affecting their functions, thus guaranteeing service continuity in adverse conditions. Resilience arises from a combination of a number of properties and actions related to both intrinsic system technologies and management skills. This work proposes a model enabling the estimation of the EDN operational resilience. The proposed model accounts for most of the parameters influencing the resilience of the network, such as network topology, technological properties of its active elements, the SCADA systems, automation procedures and management efficiency. Results confirm that the model can appropriately handle a real network with a large dimension and provide valuable insights to electrical operators.
Infrastructure Management and Construction, 2019
Electrical distribution networks deliver a fundamental service to citizens. However, they are sti... more Electrical distribution networks deliver a fundamental service to citizens. However, they are still highly vulnerable to natural hazards as well as to cyberattacks; therefore, additional commitment and investments are needed to foster their resilience. Toward that, this paper presents and proposes the use of a complex simulation model, called reconfiguration simulator (RecSIM), enabling to evaluate the effectiveness of resilience enhancement strategies for electric distribution networks and the required resources to implement them. The focus is, in particular, on one specific attribute of resilience, namely, the readiness, i.e., the promptness and efficiency to recover the service functionality after a crisis event by managing and deploying the available resources rapidly and effectively. RecSIM allows estimating how and to what extent technological, topological, and management issues might improve electrical distribution networks' functionality after the occurrence of accidental faults, accounting for interdependency issues and reconfiguration possibilities. The viability of implementing RecSIM on a real and large urban network is showcased in the paper with reference to the study case of the electrical distribution network (EDN) of Rome city.
Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 2016
The ultimate target of Modelling and Simulation (M&S) activities in the field of CIP is to provid... more The ultimate target of Modelling and Simulation (M&S) activities in the field of CIP is to provide Models, Methodologies and tools to help in the analysis of different crisis' scenarios and, subsequently, in crisis management decision making. A CIs' disruptions scenario is simply a sequence of random events following a well-defined chronological order. Generally, each identified scenario produces a set of consequences which is a function of: the initiating event, the concerned CIs and the geo-organizational context of the disrupted CIs. Formal sciences represent the reality of our surrounding world. But formal sciences are imperfect and what we call "reality" is the projection of the inaccessible "Reality" on our world. This projection is the only reality we are talking about in formal sciences. Subsequently, formal sciences construct objects in which small parts of the sensible reality are grasped and formalized. These objects can be called "models". We are limiting our interest here to formal sciences and engineering activities that cover both conceptual and phenomenological modelling processes. Models are first validated before being admitted in the construction of a global model of the sensible reality. Regarding our focus on crisis scenarios modelling, simulation and analysis (MS&A), engineers' ambition is to simulate not only independent isolated phenomenon but also interacting multi-physic multi-scale phenomenon. M. Eid (&) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives,
Sciprints, 2016
Densely urbanized areas, with a low percentage of green vegetation, are highly exposed to Heat Wa... more Densely urbanized areas, with a low percentage of green vegetation, are highly exposed to Heat Waves (HW) which nowadays are increasing in terms of frequency and intensity also in the middle-latitude regions, due to ongoing Climate Change (CC). Their negative effects may combine with those of the UHI (Urban Heat Island), a local phenomenon where air temperatures in the compact built up cores of towns increase more than those in the surrounding rural areas, with significant impact on the quality of urban environment, on citizens health and energy consumption and transport, as it has occurred in the summer of 2003 on France and Italian central-northern areas. In this context this work aims at designing and developing a methodology based on aero-spatial remote sensing (EO) at medium-high resolution and most recent GIS techniques, for the extensive characterization of the urban fabric response to these climatic impacts related to the temperature within the general framework of supportin...
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 2015
In this paper an overview of the first results of FP7 CIPRNet project is presented. Particularly,... more In this paper an overview of the first results of FP7 CIPRNet project is presented. Particularly, we demonstrate CIPRNet services for critical infrastructure protection (CIP) stakeholders. The role of the proposed services is to support decisions in the CIP domain. Moreover, those services are expected to serve as the underpinnings for the European Infrastructures Simulation and Analysis Centre (EISAC) which, similarly to the US NISAC, should provide operational services on CIP, for the benefits of CI operators, stakeholders and the Public Authorities committed to CIP.
Proceedings 9th Heterogeneous Computing Workshop (HCW 2000) (Cat. No.PR00556)
In this work we present the results of a project aimed at assembling an hybrid massively parallel... more In this work we present the results of a project aimed at assembling an hybrid massively parallel machine, the PQE1 prototype, devoted to the simulation of complex physical models. The analysis of some of the existing parallel architectures has revealed that general-purpose machines are largely over-dimensioned and often perform inefficiently in grand-challenge scientific applications. We have thus developed an heterogeneous parallel system which matches task-heterogeneity with architecture-heterogeneity: in fact special-purpose massively parallel architectures, when coupled to general-purpose machines, are able to efficiently satisfy the requirements of complex scientific computing. We present the HW structure and the SW tools developed for the PQE1 prototype. Starting from the concept of machine-granularity and task-granularity, we show the necessity to exploit both high granularity and low granularity parallelism to efficiently use the PQE1 system. Some examples describing application fields in which the PQE1 prototype has been successfully used are briefly described.
International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, 2008
We investigate the consequence of failures, occurring on the electrical grid, on a telecommunicat... more We investigate the consequence of failures, occurring on the electrical grid, on a telecommunication network. We have focused on the Italian electrical transmission network and the backbone of the internet network for research (GARR). Electrical network has been simulated using the DC power flow method; data traffic on GARR by a model of the TCP/IP basic features. The status of GARR nodes has been related to the power level of the (geographically) neighbouring electrical nodes (if the power level of a node is lower than a threshold, all communication nodes depending on it are switched off). The electrical network has been perturbed by lines removal: the consequent re-dispatching reduces the power level in all nodes. This reduces the number of active GARR nodes and, thus, its Quality of Service (QoS). Averaging over many configurations of perturbed electrical network, we have correlated the degradation of the electrical network with that of the 64 V. Rosato et al. communication network. Results point to a sizeable amplification of the effects of faults on the electrical network on the communication network, also in the case of a moderate coupling between the two networks.
19th IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium
Discovering cooperative Transcription Factors (TF's) within the genome is a computationally chall... more Discovering cooperative Transcription Factors (TF's) within the genome is a computationally challenging problem, tackled through Monte Carlo-like analysis by the Co-Bind code, developed at the Department of Genetics of the St. Louis Washington University. Due to its statistical nature, Co-Bind is characterized by very long execution times, order of days on current high-end workstations, and could benefit from parallelization and a wise optimization, performed at both the algorithmic and coding levels. This work presents the results achieved by parallelizing Co-Bind and optimising the parallel code and shows that, on a 16-processor architecture, a speedup greater than two orders of magnitude is achieved with respect to the serial version released by the code's authors.
High level environment such as High Performance Fortran (HPF) supporting the development of paral... more High level environment such as High Performance Fortran (HPF) supporting the development of parallel applications and porting of legacy codes to parallel architectures have not yet gained a broad acceptance and diffusion. Common objections claim difficulty of performance tuning, limitation of its application to regular, data parallel computations, and lack of robustness of parallelizing HPF compilers in handling large sized codes. We have adopted the HPF approach in porting three different applications, performing plasma and molecular dynamics simulation, developed at the Italian National Agency for New Technology, Energy and the Environment (ENEA). We report in this paper our experiences gained during this effort, providing a case study for testing the suitability of the HPF approach to achieve the target of an easy and effective parallelization (or parallel development) and maintenance of real, large sized scientific applications.