Valda Laugale - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Valda Laugale
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
Strawberry is one of the most important berry crop grown around the world and their consumption i... more Strawberry is one of the most important berry crop grown around the world and their consumption increases every year. The introduction of new practices promoting farm sustainability and long-term soil health in strawberry production systems is very essential. Towards environment- and climate-friendly farming practices intercropping can be used to improve soil microbiological activity and biodiversity, and reduce the use of pesticides and mineral fertilizers, while the right choice of intercropped plants is of great importance to achieve these goals. The trials on strawberry intercropping were established in Latvia in 2021. Three treatments with different intercropping plant rotations, including crimson clover, pea, garlic, marigold, and winter rye mix with vetch, were compared to conventional strawberry growing using straw mulch. Trial was installed in three locations: two organic farms and the Institute of Horticulture (LatHort). Thus representing climatically different regions and...
Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.
Gooseberries are very popular in home gardens and have a long growing history in Latvia, although... more Gooseberries are very popular in home gardens and have a long growing history in Latvia, although nowadays they are not among the most widely grown commercial berry crops. Growing was initiated by some enthusiastic breeders during the previous century, who developed many cultivars. Unfortunately, some part of this breeding material has already disappeared. Several expeditions were organised to collect still available genotypes. Plants of the obtained material were propagated and planted at the collections of Institute of Horticulture. During 2019–2021, to select the most valuable material for preservation in the National Genetic Resources Collection, an evaluation of the collected material as well as of cultivars of Latvian origin, was carried out. In total 23 genotypes were evaluated. Plant morphological, phenological, yield and fruit quality traits as well as resistance to pests and diseases and biochemical value were investigated. Evaluated genotypes showed great variability with...
All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you... more All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.
Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.
Strawberry growing in high tunnels is widely used in many countries and the area under cover is i... more Strawberry growing in high tunnels is widely used in many countries and the area under cover is increasing. Usually, early ripening cultivars are planted in high tunnels to obtain even earlier yield in the season. In this investigation, several new strawberry cultivars and one hybrid (of Dutch breeding) with medium and late ripening time were evaluated for growing in high tunnels in soil. The trial was established in 4 August 2016 in a FVG type tunnel (60 × 4 × 3.35 m). Frigo plants of the following categories of cultivars and hybrids were used in the investigation: ‘Sonata’ (A) and ‘Sonsation’ (A+) of medium ripening time; ‘Faith’ (A+) and hybrid 09-90s-05 (A) of late ripening time; ‘Malwina’ (A+) and ‘Magnus’ (A) of very late ripening time. The plants were grown on raised beds covered with black plastic mulch in double rows with drip irrigation. Soil type was heavy loam. Plant survival after winter, productivity potential, yield, fruit size, the ratio of high quality to damaged fr...
Acta Horticulturae, 2012
The present work was carried out in the Pūre Horticultural Research Centre, Latvia during 2008-20... more The present work was carried out in the Pūre Horticultural Research Centre, Latvia during 2008-2009. Cold stored strawberry plants of cultivars 'Polka', 'Elsanta' and 'Honeoye' were planted on two row beds with planting densities 3.3 and 6.6 plant m-2. Beds were mulched by white plastic with black lower side (white on black) or unmulched. Split-split block design with four replicates was used for the experiment. Plants were evaluated for two growing seasons. The following features were evaluated: plant development, yield, fruit quality, biochemical composition and radical scavenging activity (ARA), susceptibility to gray mold (Botrytis cinerea Pers.). There was no difference in the plant development between two tested planting densities in the first growing year, but in the second growing year plants were weaker developed in the denser planting than in the sparser planting. In the first production year the marketable yield was for 127% higher in two times denser planting (6.6 plant m-2) than for planting density 3.3 plant m-2. In the second growing year the obtained yield from double density planting was only for 32% higher than in sparser planting. Using of white plastic with black lower side mulch increased the yield and fruit size in both planting densities and reduced Botrytis incidence compared with the unmulched variant. Significant differences of fruit chemical content between strawberry cultivars, planting densities and mulching were stated. Biochemical content and ARA were mostly influenced by genotype, and in less importance by cultural methods.
Acta Horticulturae, 2014
Traditionally in Latvia, the strawberry production season lasts from the middle of June until the... more Traditionally in Latvia, the strawberry production season lasts from the middle of June until the second week of July, using single-cropping cultivars. Growers are interested to extend the strawberry production season-to produce fruit at a non-traditional time and to get a higher price for fruits. Growing everbearing cultivars is one of the possibilities to obtain a later yield. The influence of plastic covers on low tunnels on fruit quality and yield in late season was investigated as well. The production pattern of everbearers was uneven in our conditions with two main production peaks. None of the tested cultivars performed well under our growing conditions in the open field.
Acta Horticulturae, 2012
Strawberry production season in open field conditions is quite short in Latvia. It starts approxi... more Strawberry production season in open field conditions is quite short in Latvia. It starts approximately in the middle of June and lasts till the end of July for June bearing cultivars. Several experiments with the aim to extend the production season were conducted at the Pūre Horticultural Research Centre during 2008-2009. Three cultivars grown on beds with or without mulch in small tunnels covered by transparent polyethylene foil or Agronet (Agryl 17) were tested for early production. Day-neutral 'Brighton' grown on beds mulched with double colored plastic (with white upper and black lower side) and without mulch was tested for late production. Both transparent film and Agronet covers increased earliness of production respectively 16 and 7 days compared to uncovered plants. The earliest yield was obtained from 'Zefyr' grown in small tunnels covered by transparent film on beds without soil mulching. Black plastic mulch gave earlier production start in 2008 compared to unmulched treatment, but did not influence the production time in 2009. It increased the yield in both study years and reduced the amount of rotted fruits. Strawberry harvesting season was significantly prolonged by growing day-neutral 'Brighton'-till the first autumn frosts. Unfortunately the yield and fruit quality of this cultivar was unsatisfactory. White/black plastic mulch did not influence the production time for this cultivar. In average of two production years, the best results were obtained when M 0 generation from tissue culture plants were grown on beds mulched with white/black plastic. MATERIALS AND METHODS All investigations were carried out at the Pūre Horticultural Research Centre during 2008-2009. In all trials plants were planted on two row beds with 30 cm distances
X International Rubus and Ribes Symposium, 2012
Gall mites (Cecidophyopsis spp.) are one of the most important pests in blackcurrants. The growin... more Gall mites (Cecidophyopsis spp.) are one of the most important pests in blackcurrants. The growing of resistant cultivars together with proper application of acaricides can limit the blackcurrant gall mite spreading and associated damage. The screening of cultivars for resistance to blackcurrant gall mites was done in collection plantings of the Pure Horticultural Research Centre (Pure HRC) and Latvia State Institute of Fruit-Growing. Plants were observed in spring at the beginning of vegetation. The evaluation was done visually by estimating the amount of damaged buds. It was noticed that the damage severity increased with the age of planting.
Acta Horticulturae, 2014
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is the most important berry crop in Latvia. Traditionally ... more Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is the most important berry crop in Latvia. Traditionally in Latvia the length of strawberry season lasts for only one month (mid June to mid July). The average yield of strawberries in Latvia is low because of the risk of spring frosts and risk of rainfall during the harvest period that can damage part of the yield. To minimize these risks, as well as to extend the strawberry season, different types of plastic covers are used. Most of the growers use Agryl (17 g m-2), because is the cheapest way to have earlier yields. Low tunnels are rarely used. Because of high investments of the construction, high tunnels are only used in some farms. To investigate the suitability of FVG high tunnels (Folien Vertrieb GmbH) for strawberry growing in the climatic conditions of Latvia, trials were established in 2008 at Latvia State Institute of Fruit-Growing. Two strawberry cultivars, 'Honeoye' and 'Polka', were used. During two years of investigations, the best results were obtained with the cultivar 'Honeoye'. The harvest under FVG tunnels started two weeks earlier than in the open field. The investments of FVG tunnels were covered after two harvest seasons.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of spruce biomass extract to control gr... more The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of spruce biomass extract to control grey mould ( Botrytis cinerea) development in field-grown strawberries. The study was performed in a commercial strawberry plantation for two years and also according to EPPO guidlines. In contrast to the laboratory investigation, the efficiency of spruce biomass extract for grey mould control on strawberries in field conditions was not convincing, possibly due to weather conditions that did not favour mould development. A better level of control was observed when lower concentrations of spruce biomass extract were used. The only treatment that significantly reduced the amount of rotted fruits, compared to untreated control was 0.5% spruce biomass extract used once a week in 2013. However, significant reduction of leaf spot diseases by the extract applications in 1 and 2% concentrations was observed.
Annals of Applied Biology, 2021
Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.
The selection of appropriate rootstock is the main precondition for obtaining a high yielding and... more The selection of appropriate rootstock is the main precondition for obtaining a high yielding and sustainable plum orchard. In the Northern climate, plum overwintering is especially important, where winter hardiness of flower buds is one of indicators. This investigation was carried out during three wintering periods (2010–2013) at the Institute of Horticulture in Pūre (Latvia) and the Polli Horticultural Research Centre (Estonia), in orchards planted in 2001. The aim of the investigation was to evaluate the influence of different rootstocks on the viability of flower buds during winter for two plum cultivars in two growing regions. European plum ‘Victoria’ and hybrid plum ‘Kubanskaya Kometa’ grafted on eight clonal and eight seedling rootstocks were used in the investigation. Bud samples were taken two times during winter: end of January and end of March. The viability of flower buds and flowering intensity were determined in the laboratory. The viability was determined as dehydrog...
Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.
Proper selection of rootstock that is adapted to local growing conditions and climate is one of t... more Proper selection of rootstock that is adapted to local growing conditions and climate is one of the most important preconditions for obtaining high yield in intensive plum orchards. The aim of the investigation was to evaluate the influence of different rootstocks on the productivity of two plum cultivars: ‘Kubanskaya Kometa’ (Prunus rossica. Erem.) and ‘Victoria’ (P. domestica L.) in different climatic conditions. The following sixteen rootstocks known in Europe were used in the trial: eight vegetatively propagated (‘St. Julien A’, ‘Brompton’, ‘Ackermann’, ‘Pixy’, ‘GF 8/1’, ‘G 5/22’, ‘GF 655/2’, ‘Hamyra’) and eight generatively propagated (‘St. Julien INRA2’, ‘St. Julien d’Orleans’, ‘St. Julien Noir’, ‘Brompton’, ‘Wangenheims Zwetsche’, ‘St. Julien Wädenswil’, ‘Myrobalan’, P. cerasifera var. divaricata). The evaluation was made in experimental orchards in Latvia, Estonia and Belarus. Orchards were established in spring 2001. Trees were planted at spacing 3 × 5 m in four replication...
Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.
Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duchense ex Rozier) is an important horticultural crop grown in L... more Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duchense ex Rozier) is an important horticultural crop grown in Latvia. The aim of this research was to evaluate some newly introduced strawberry cultivars and perspective hybrids and to evaluate the efficiency of natural calcite leaf fertiliser (Megagreen®) on strawberry fruit quality and spread of pests and diseases. The trial was established in 2012 at Pûre, Tukums Municipality. Cultivars ‘Saint Pierre’, ‘Annapolis’, ’Sonata’, ‘Chambly’, ‘Elegance’, ‘Rumba’, ‘Honeoye’, ‘Senga Sengana’ and two hybrids: 35-1 and 39-1 were included in the investigation. Calcite fertiliser was applied four times per season in 2013 and 2014 by spraying on leaves in concentration 0.5%. Strawberries were grown on two row beds with black plastic mulch and drip irrigation. The evaluation was done for two seasons. Most of the evaluated newly introduced cultivars and hybrids had better fruit quality and resistance to diseases than control cultivars. Cultivars ‘Annapolis’, ’Ru...
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
Strawberry is one of the most important berry crop grown around the world and their consumption i... more Strawberry is one of the most important berry crop grown around the world and their consumption increases every year. The introduction of new practices promoting farm sustainability and long-term soil health in strawberry production systems is very essential. Towards environment- and climate-friendly farming practices intercropping can be used to improve soil microbiological activity and biodiversity, and reduce the use of pesticides and mineral fertilizers, while the right choice of intercropped plants is of great importance to achieve these goals. The trials on strawberry intercropping were established in Latvia in 2021. Three treatments with different intercropping plant rotations, including crimson clover, pea, garlic, marigold, and winter rye mix with vetch, were compared to conventional strawberry growing using straw mulch. Trial was installed in three locations: two organic farms and the Institute of Horticulture (LatHort). Thus representing climatically different regions and...
Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.
Gooseberries are very popular in home gardens and have a long growing history in Latvia, although... more Gooseberries are very popular in home gardens and have a long growing history in Latvia, although nowadays they are not among the most widely grown commercial berry crops. Growing was initiated by some enthusiastic breeders during the previous century, who developed many cultivars. Unfortunately, some part of this breeding material has already disappeared. Several expeditions were organised to collect still available genotypes. Plants of the obtained material were propagated and planted at the collections of Institute of Horticulture. During 2019–2021, to select the most valuable material for preservation in the National Genetic Resources Collection, an evaluation of the collected material as well as of cultivars of Latvian origin, was carried out. In total 23 genotypes were evaluated. Plant morphological, phenological, yield and fruit quality traits as well as resistance to pests and diseases and biochemical value were investigated. Evaluated genotypes showed great variability with...
All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you... more All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.
Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.
Strawberry growing in high tunnels is widely used in many countries and the area under cover is i... more Strawberry growing in high tunnels is widely used in many countries and the area under cover is increasing. Usually, early ripening cultivars are planted in high tunnels to obtain even earlier yield in the season. In this investigation, several new strawberry cultivars and one hybrid (of Dutch breeding) with medium and late ripening time were evaluated for growing in high tunnels in soil. The trial was established in 4 August 2016 in a FVG type tunnel (60 × 4 × 3.35 m). Frigo plants of the following categories of cultivars and hybrids were used in the investigation: ‘Sonata’ (A) and ‘Sonsation’ (A+) of medium ripening time; ‘Faith’ (A+) and hybrid 09-90s-05 (A) of late ripening time; ‘Malwina’ (A+) and ‘Magnus’ (A) of very late ripening time. The plants were grown on raised beds covered with black plastic mulch in double rows with drip irrigation. Soil type was heavy loam. Plant survival after winter, productivity potential, yield, fruit size, the ratio of high quality to damaged fr...
Acta Horticulturae, 2012
The present work was carried out in the Pūre Horticultural Research Centre, Latvia during 2008-20... more The present work was carried out in the Pūre Horticultural Research Centre, Latvia during 2008-2009. Cold stored strawberry plants of cultivars 'Polka', 'Elsanta' and 'Honeoye' were planted on two row beds with planting densities 3.3 and 6.6 plant m-2. Beds were mulched by white plastic with black lower side (white on black) or unmulched. Split-split block design with four replicates was used for the experiment. Plants were evaluated for two growing seasons. The following features were evaluated: plant development, yield, fruit quality, biochemical composition and radical scavenging activity (ARA), susceptibility to gray mold (Botrytis cinerea Pers.). There was no difference in the plant development between two tested planting densities in the first growing year, but in the second growing year plants were weaker developed in the denser planting than in the sparser planting. In the first production year the marketable yield was for 127% higher in two times denser planting (6.6 plant m-2) than for planting density 3.3 plant m-2. In the second growing year the obtained yield from double density planting was only for 32% higher than in sparser planting. Using of white plastic with black lower side mulch increased the yield and fruit size in both planting densities and reduced Botrytis incidence compared with the unmulched variant. Significant differences of fruit chemical content between strawberry cultivars, planting densities and mulching were stated. Biochemical content and ARA were mostly influenced by genotype, and in less importance by cultural methods.
Acta Horticulturae, 2014
Traditionally in Latvia, the strawberry production season lasts from the middle of June until the... more Traditionally in Latvia, the strawberry production season lasts from the middle of June until the second week of July, using single-cropping cultivars. Growers are interested to extend the strawberry production season-to produce fruit at a non-traditional time and to get a higher price for fruits. Growing everbearing cultivars is one of the possibilities to obtain a later yield. The influence of plastic covers on low tunnels on fruit quality and yield in late season was investigated as well. The production pattern of everbearers was uneven in our conditions with two main production peaks. None of the tested cultivars performed well under our growing conditions in the open field.
Acta Horticulturae, 2012
Strawberry production season in open field conditions is quite short in Latvia. It starts approxi... more Strawberry production season in open field conditions is quite short in Latvia. It starts approximately in the middle of June and lasts till the end of July for June bearing cultivars. Several experiments with the aim to extend the production season were conducted at the Pūre Horticultural Research Centre during 2008-2009. Three cultivars grown on beds with or without mulch in small tunnels covered by transparent polyethylene foil or Agronet (Agryl 17) were tested for early production. Day-neutral 'Brighton' grown on beds mulched with double colored plastic (with white upper and black lower side) and without mulch was tested for late production. Both transparent film and Agronet covers increased earliness of production respectively 16 and 7 days compared to uncovered plants. The earliest yield was obtained from 'Zefyr' grown in small tunnels covered by transparent film on beds without soil mulching. Black plastic mulch gave earlier production start in 2008 compared to unmulched treatment, but did not influence the production time in 2009. It increased the yield in both study years and reduced the amount of rotted fruits. Strawberry harvesting season was significantly prolonged by growing day-neutral 'Brighton'-till the first autumn frosts. Unfortunately the yield and fruit quality of this cultivar was unsatisfactory. White/black plastic mulch did not influence the production time for this cultivar. In average of two production years, the best results were obtained when M 0 generation from tissue culture plants were grown on beds mulched with white/black plastic. MATERIALS AND METHODS All investigations were carried out at the Pūre Horticultural Research Centre during 2008-2009. In all trials plants were planted on two row beds with 30 cm distances
X International Rubus and Ribes Symposium, 2012
Gall mites (Cecidophyopsis spp.) are one of the most important pests in blackcurrants. The growin... more Gall mites (Cecidophyopsis spp.) are one of the most important pests in blackcurrants. The growing of resistant cultivars together with proper application of acaricides can limit the blackcurrant gall mite spreading and associated damage. The screening of cultivars for resistance to blackcurrant gall mites was done in collection plantings of the Pure Horticultural Research Centre (Pure HRC) and Latvia State Institute of Fruit-Growing. Plants were observed in spring at the beginning of vegetation. The evaluation was done visually by estimating the amount of damaged buds. It was noticed that the damage severity increased with the age of planting.
Acta Horticulturae, 2014
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is the most important berry crop in Latvia. Traditionally ... more Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is the most important berry crop in Latvia. Traditionally in Latvia the length of strawberry season lasts for only one month (mid June to mid July). The average yield of strawberries in Latvia is low because of the risk of spring frosts and risk of rainfall during the harvest period that can damage part of the yield. To minimize these risks, as well as to extend the strawberry season, different types of plastic covers are used. Most of the growers use Agryl (17 g m-2), because is the cheapest way to have earlier yields. Low tunnels are rarely used. Because of high investments of the construction, high tunnels are only used in some farms. To investigate the suitability of FVG high tunnels (Folien Vertrieb GmbH) for strawberry growing in the climatic conditions of Latvia, trials were established in 2008 at Latvia State Institute of Fruit-Growing. Two strawberry cultivars, 'Honeoye' and 'Polka', were used. During two years of investigations, the best results were obtained with the cultivar 'Honeoye'. The harvest under FVG tunnels started two weeks earlier than in the open field. The investments of FVG tunnels were covered after two harvest seasons.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of spruce biomass extract to control gr... more The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of spruce biomass extract to control grey mould ( Botrytis cinerea) development in field-grown strawberries. The study was performed in a commercial strawberry plantation for two years and also according to EPPO guidlines. In contrast to the laboratory investigation, the efficiency of spruce biomass extract for grey mould control on strawberries in field conditions was not convincing, possibly due to weather conditions that did not favour mould development. A better level of control was observed when lower concentrations of spruce biomass extract were used. The only treatment that significantly reduced the amount of rotted fruits, compared to untreated control was 0.5% spruce biomass extract used once a week in 2013. However, significant reduction of leaf spot diseases by the extract applications in 1 and 2% concentrations was observed.
Annals of Applied Biology, 2021
Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.
The selection of appropriate rootstock is the main precondition for obtaining a high yielding and... more The selection of appropriate rootstock is the main precondition for obtaining a high yielding and sustainable plum orchard. In the Northern climate, plum overwintering is especially important, where winter hardiness of flower buds is one of indicators. This investigation was carried out during three wintering periods (2010–2013) at the Institute of Horticulture in Pūre (Latvia) and the Polli Horticultural Research Centre (Estonia), in orchards planted in 2001. The aim of the investigation was to evaluate the influence of different rootstocks on the viability of flower buds during winter for two plum cultivars in two growing regions. European plum ‘Victoria’ and hybrid plum ‘Kubanskaya Kometa’ grafted on eight clonal and eight seedling rootstocks were used in the investigation. Bud samples were taken two times during winter: end of January and end of March. The viability of flower buds and flowering intensity were determined in the laboratory. The viability was determined as dehydrog...
Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.
Proper selection of rootstock that is adapted to local growing conditions and climate is one of t... more Proper selection of rootstock that is adapted to local growing conditions and climate is one of the most important preconditions for obtaining high yield in intensive plum orchards. The aim of the investigation was to evaluate the influence of different rootstocks on the productivity of two plum cultivars: ‘Kubanskaya Kometa’ (Prunus rossica. Erem.) and ‘Victoria’ (P. domestica L.) in different climatic conditions. The following sixteen rootstocks known in Europe were used in the trial: eight vegetatively propagated (‘St. Julien A’, ‘Brompton’, ‘Ackermann’, ‘Pixy’, ‘GF 8/1’, ‘G 5/22’, ‘GF 655/2’, ‘Hamyra’) and eight generatively propagated (‘St. Julien INRA2’, ‘St. Julien d’Orleans’, ‘St. Julien Noir’, ‘Brompton’, ‘Wangenheims Zwetsche’, ‘St. Julien Wädenswil’, ‘Myrobalan’, P. cerasifera var. divaricata). The evaluation was made in experimental orchards in Latvia, Estonia and Belarus. Orchards were established in spring 2001. Trees were planted at spacing 3 × 5 m in four replication...
Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.
Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duchense ex Rozier) is an important horticultural crop grown in L... more Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duchense ex Rozier) is an important horticultural crop grown in Latvia. The aim of this research was to evaluate some newly introduced strawberry cultivars and perspective hybrids and to evaluate the efficiency of natural calcite leaf fertiliser (Megagreen®) on strawberry fruit quality and spread of pests and diseases. The trial was established in 2012 at Pûre, Tukums Municipality. Cultivars ‘Saint Pierre’, ‘Annapolis’, ’Sonata’, ‘Chambly’, ‘Elegance’, ‘Rumba’, ‘Honeoye’, ‘Senga Sengana’ and two hybrids: 35-1 and 39-1 were included in the investigation. Calcite fertiliser was applied four times per season in 2013 and 2014 by spraying on leaves in concentration 0.5%. Strawberries were grown on two row beds with black plastic mulch and drip irrigation. The evaluation was done for two seasons. Most of the evaluated newly introduced cultivars and hybrids had better fruit quality and resistance to diseases than control cultivars. Cultivars ‘Annapolis’, ’Ru...