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Papers by Valerie Aguilar

Research paper thumbnail of New Structural, Stratigraphic, and Geochronologic Constraints from Northeastern Washington with Implications for the Neoproterozoic Rifting of Rodinia

Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs

Research paper thumbnail of Literary Representations of Rivalry Between France and Spain in the French Renaissance (1530-1560)

Literary criticism of French Renaissance literature widely considers how prominent Greek, Roman, ... more Literary criticism of French Renaissance literature widely considers how prominent Greek, Roman, and Italian intertexts and allusions are present in, shaped, and contributed to the development of works of French Renaissance prose and poetry. The influence of Spain and Spanish literature, however, has been the focus of relatively little research. This dissertation proposes that the political rivalry between France and Spain under the reigns of Francis I and Charles V spurred literary productivity and thus must also be considered an important factor in the development and study of some major texts printed in the French language, particularly after 1519 when Charles V was elected Holy Roman Emperor. This election incited the French, among other major kingdoms, to balance Charles' growing empire and influence not only through warfare but also through literary representations that challenged his legitimacy, actions, authority, and supremacy. Chapter One is a rereading of François Rabelais' prose novel Gargantua (1534, 1535) with its adversarial character Pichrocole as a French parody of Emperor Charles V. Chapter Two analyzes the French prologue to Herberay Des Essarts' French translation/adaptation Amadis de Gaule (1540) after the Spanish version Amadís de Gaula (1496?) by Garci Rodriguez de Montalvo. The French prologue is analyzed as a liminal text, an opening signal, for its direct discourse rivaling the Spanish text, and the work in itself is an example of emulation. Chapter Three studies the symbols representing Charles V and Francis I in the court poetry of Clément Marot's Oeuvres (1538, 1543) and in Maurice Scève's Délie: Objet de plus haute vertu (1544). These works of poetry are analyzed together to suggest a reading that considers how lyric poetry iv can be read as a political tool. Finally, Chapter Four is a reading of Joachim Du Bellay's Songe (1558) as a backward glance and criticism of Charles V's imperialism and heightened rivalry with France under Francis I.

Research paper thumbnail of Tectonic and Stratigraphic Map of Late Neoproterozoic McCoy Group at Cocomongo Mountain, Egan Range, Nevada

Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of The Kern Fever in the Emergency Department Study (Kern FEDS): Clinical appearance, serious bacterial illness, and the meaning of uncertainty

Background: Emergency department (ED) fever management algorithms require the clinician to catego... more Background: Emergency department (ED) fever management algorithms require the clinician to categorize febrile children as ‘ill’ or ‘not ill’ appearing when determining the risk for serious bacterial illness (SBI). This study describes a natural experiment where an ED pediatric chart allowed clinicians a third option, ‘unsure’. Hypotheses: We hypothesized (1) that chart prompts would improve documentation of clinical appearance, and (2) that exam findings and prevalence of serious bacterial illness in infants categorized as ‘unsure’ would be intermediate between those who were ill and not ill appearing. Design: We conducted a retrospective study of 3005 ED patients aged 0-24 months who had microbiology testing for fever in the ED between 1/1/2006 and 11/30/2009. We modeled overall appearance as the dependent and individual physical findings as the independent variables with ordinal logistic regression to help establish the validity of clinical appearance as a concept. We then compare...

Research paper thumbnail of Prenatal stress alters limbo-corticostriatal homer protein expression

Synapse, 2007

Early environmental stress influences developmental processes resulting in alterations in behavio... more Early environmental stress influences developmental processes resulting in alterations in behavior and brain function, including abnormalities in glutamate neurotransmission. Here, we assessed the influence of prenatal stress on limbo-corticostriatal expression of Homer proteins that are critical elements in glutamatergic signaling. Pregnant, female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to either no treatment or to restraint stress 3 times per day for the last 7 days of gestation. At 21 d of age, offspring were sacrificed and brain tissue was rapidly extracted. Immunoblotting revealed regionally specific increases in certain Homer protein isoforms within prefrontal cortex and limbic structures, whereas the striatum exhibited a reduction in Homer 1a levels. These findings indicate that stress during development can produce enduring perturbations in Homer protein expression that likely contribute to glutamatergic and behavioral abnormalities observed following early environmental stress.

Research paper thumbnail of Protracted time-dependent increases in cocaine-seeking behavior during cocaine withdrawal in female relative to male rats

Psychopharmacology, 2008

Female rats display higher sensitivity to cocaine relative to males under a variety of conditions... more Female rats display higher sensitivity to cocaine relative to males under a variety of conditions. Time-dependent increases in cocaine-seeking behavior (as measured by nonreinforced operant responses) during cocaine withdrawal have been reported in male, but not female, rats. The present study determines sex and estrous cycle influences on time-dependent changes in cocaine-seeking behavior. Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were reinforced for "active lever" responses by a cocaine infusion (0.50 mg/kg/infusion, i.v., fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement, FR1) followed by a 20-s time-out when reinforcement was not delivered. Infusions were paired with a light + tone conditioned stimulus. Next, rats underwent cocaine withdrawal for 1, 14, 60, or 180 days before testing cocaine-seeking behavior. Each rat was tested for extinction of operant responding, conditioned-cued reinstatement, and cocaine-primed (10 mg/kg, i.p.) reinstatement. Both males and females displayed a time-dependent increase in cocaine-seeking behavior (active lever presses) under extinction of operant responding and conditioned-cued reinstatement conditions after 60 days of cocaine withdrawal. Moreover, cocaine-seeking behavior during extinction of operant responding in females, but not males, remained elevated at 180 days of cocaine withdrawal. Furthermore, females tested during estrus exhibited higher cocaine-seeking behavior under both extinction of operant responding and cocaine-primed reinstatement conditions relative to other rats independent of the duration of cocaine withdrawal. The effects of reproductive cycle and withdrawal duration on cocaine-seeking behavior are additive and time-dependent increases in cocaine-seeking behavior are more enduring in females than in male rats.

Research paper thumbnail of New Structural, Stratigraphic, and Geochronologic Constraints from Northeastern Washington with Implications for the Neoproterozoic Rifting of Rodinia

Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs

Research paper thumbnail of Literary Representations of Rivalry Between France and Spain in the French Renaissance (1530-1560)

Literary criticism of French Renaissance literature widely considers how prominent Greek, Roman, ... more Literary criticism of French Renaissance literature widely considers how prominent Greek, Roman, and Italian intertexts and allusions are present in, shaped, and contributed to the development of works of French Renaissance prose and poetry. The influence of Spain and Spanish literature, however, has been the focus of relatively little research. This dissertation proposes that the political rivalry between France and Spain under the reigns of Francis I and Charles V spurred literary productivity and thus must also be considered an important factor in the development and study of some major texts printed in the French language, particularly after 1519 when Charles V was elected Holy Roman Emperor. This election incited the French, among other major kingdoms, to balance Charles' growing empire and influence not only through warfare but also through literary representations that challenged his legitimacy, actions, authority, and supremacy. Chapter One is a rereading of François Rabelais' prose novel Gargantua (1534, 1535) with its adversarial character Pichrocole as a French parody of Emperor Charles V. Chapter Two analyzes the French prologue to Herberay Des Essarts' French translation/adaptation Amadis de Gaule (1540) after the Spanish version Amadís de Gaula (1496?) by Garci Rodriguez de Montalvo. The French prologue is analyzed as a liminal text, an opening signal, for its direct discourse rivaling the Spanish text, and the work in itself is an example of emulation. Chapter Three studies the symbols representing Charles V and Francis I in the court poetry of Clément Marot's Oeuvres (1538, 1543) and in Maurice Scève's Délie: Objet de plus haute vertu (1544). These works of poetry are analyzed together to suggest a reading that considers how lyric poetry iv can be read as a political tool. Finally, Chapter Four is a reading of Joachim Du Bellay's Songe (1558) as a backward glance and criticism of Charles V's imperialism and heightened rivalry with France under Francis I.

Research paper thumbnail of Tectonic and Stratigraphic Map of Late Neoproterozoic McCoy Group at Cocomongo Mountain, Egan Range, Nevada

Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of The Kern Fever in the Emergency Department Study (Kern FEDS): Clinical appearance, serious bacterial illness, and the meaning of uncertainty

Background: Emergency department (ED) fever management algorithms require the clinician to catego... more Background: Emergency department (ED) fever management algorithms require the clinician to categorize febrile children as ‘ill’ or ‘not ill’ appearing when determining the risk for serious bacterial illness (SBI). This study describes a natural experiment where an ED pediatric chart allowed clinicians a third option, ‘unsure’. Hypotheses: We hypothesized (1) that chart prompts would improve documentation of clinical appearance, and (2) that exam findings and prevalence of serious bacterial illness in infants categorized as ‘unsure’ would be intermediate between those who were ill and not ill appearing. Design: We conducted a retrospective study of 3005 ED patients aged 0-24 months who had microbiology testing for fever in the ED between 1/1/2006 and 11/30/2009. We modeled overall appearance as the dependent and individual physical findings as the independent variables with ordinal logistic regression to help establish the validity of clinical appearance as a concept. We then compare...

Research paper thumbnail of Prenatal stress alters limbo-corticostriatal homer protein expression

Synapse, 2007

Early environmental stress influences developmental processes resulting in alterations in behavio... more Early environmental stress influences developmental processes resulting in alterations in behavior and brain function, including abnormalities in glutamate neurotransmission. Here, we assessed the influence of prenatal stress on limbo-corticostriatal expression of Homer proteins that are critical elements in glutamatergic signaling. Pregnant, female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to either no treatment or to restraint stress 3 times per day for the last 7 days of gestation. At 21 d of age, offspring were sacrificed and brain tissue was rapidly extracted. Immunoblotting revealed regionally specific increases in certain Homer protein isoforms within prefrontal cortex and limbic structures, whereas the striatum exhibited a reduction in Homer 1a levels. These findings indicate that stress during development can produce enduring perturbations in Homer protein expression that likely contribute to glutamatergic and behavioral abnormalities observed following early environmental stress.

Research paper thumbnail of Protracted time-dependent increases in cocaine-seeking behavior during cocaine withdrawal in female relative to male rats

Psychopharmacology, 2008

Female rats display higher sensitivity to cocaine relative to males under a variety of conditions... more Female rats display higher sensitivity to cocaine relative to males under a variety of conditions. Time-dependent increases in cocaine-seeking behavior (as measured by nonreinforced operant responses) during cocaine withdrawal have been reported in male, but not female, rats. The present study determines sex and estrous cycle influences on time-dependent changes in cocaine-seeking behavior. Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were reinforced for "active lever" responses by a cocaine infusion (0.50 mg/kg/infusion, i.v., fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement, FR1) followed by a 20-s time-out when reinforcement was not delivered. Infusions were paired with a light + tone conditioned stimulus. Next, rats underwent cocaine withdrawal for 1, 14, 60, or 180 days before testing cocaine-seeking behavior. Each rat was tested for extinction of operant responding, conditioned-cued reinstatement, and cocaine-primed (10 mg/kg, i.p.) reinstatement. Both males and females displayed a time-dependent increase in cocaine-seeking behavior (active lever presses) under extinction of operant responding and conditioned-cued reinstatement conditions after 60 days of cocaine withdrawal. Moreover, cocaine-seeking behavior during extinction of operant responding in females, but not males, remained elevated at 180 days of cocaine withdrawal. Furthermore, females tested during estrus exhibited higher cocaine-seeking behavior under both extinction of operant responding and cocaine-primed reinstatement conditions relative to other rats independent of the duration of cocaine withdrawal. The effects of reproductive cycle and withdrawal duration on cocaine-seeking behavior are additive and time-dependent increases in cocaine-seeking behavior are more enduring in females than in male rats.