Varol Canakci - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Varol Canakci

Journal of the American Dental Association, 2007

The authors assessed the levels of postoperative pain, postoperative dentin hypersensitivity and ... more The authors assessed the levels of postoperative pain, postoperative dentin hypersensitivity and discomfort patients experienced during various periodontal treatments by using a visual analog scale (VAS). They aimed to determine whether VAS scores could be predicted by patient&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s age and sex and to evaluate the factors associated with the pain. The study was carried out with 56 patients who had chronic periodontitis. Using a split-mouth design, the authors selected one quadrant in each patient and treated it with scaling and root planing (SRP). They treated other quadrants with the surgical therapies of modified Widman flap (MWF), flap with osseous resection (OF) and gingivectomy (GV), depending on the patient&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s diagnosis and treatment needs. They measured patients&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; discomfort during periodontal treatments, postoperative pain and postoperative dentin hypersensitivity by asking patients to mark a VAS. The authors&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; analysis showed no statistically significant differences between the patients&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; discomfort levels associated with the four therapy types during periodontal treatment. However, postoperative pain was significantly higher for OF (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; .01) and GV (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; .05) procedures than for SRP and MWF procedures. All surgical procedures produced significantly more dentin hypersensitivity than did nonsurgical therapy. The analysis showed no statistically significant differences between male and female patients&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; discomfort during periodontal treatments. For all periodontal treatments, VAS scores decreased with increasing age. Discomfort during periodontal treatments, postoperative pain and postoperative dentin hypersensitivity were associated significantly with age, type of therapy and higher scores on Corah&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s Dental Anxiety Scale. Periodontal treatment is experienced as painful by substantial numbers of patients. Therefore, the dentist should count the pain responses during and after treatment and estimate the degree of pain according to sex, age and therapy type.

Clinical Oral Investigations, 2007

The purpose of this study was to assess the degree of pain during periodontal probing and mechani... more The purpose of this study was to assess the degree of pain during periodontal probing and mechanical non-surgical therapy according to age, gender, and intersubject variation such as tooth type, tooth surfaces or regions of mouth, probing depth, and bleeding on probing. The study was carried out on 64 patients with chronic periodontitis. Pain/discomfort of patients during both periodontal probing and scaling and root planing (SRP) was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS). During periodontal probing and SRP, VAS scores decreased with increasing age for two procedures (Spearman rho, -0.301 and -0.348, respectively; P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01). VAS scores were considerably lower for oral sites than for facial sites. VAS scores in probing were significantly higher in sites &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or =4 mm deep than sites &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;4 mm deep. Sites bleeding on probing had a significantly higher VAS scores than sites no bleeding on probing (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05). The results showed that although there is no difference between genders, the intensity of pain during periodontal probing and SRP was different dramatically between patients as well as vary between different locations in the same mouth. If pain responses for probing in different several regions in the same mouth during initial examination were noted into patient chart used for initial examination, the therapist will recognize patients with elevated pain responses. If need be, they will then apply some pain control medication or anesthetic for patients during probing and SRP.

Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 2008

Abstract. The purpose of the present study was to: 1) determine whether mouthguard use effect Per... more Abstract. The purpose of the present study was to: 1) determine whether mouthguard use effect Periotest values and the levels of pain in teeth of patients after initial and last visits of cervical traction treatment, 2) evaluate factors associated with the pain and periotest value. Forty ...

Http Dx Doi Org 10 1902 Jop 2006 060108, Oct 31, 2006

Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes increased oxidative stress in gingival tis... more Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes increased oxidative stress in gingival tissue. It has been generally accepted that increased oxidative stress might contribute to additional damage of lipids, proteins, and DNA molecules. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation is a superb biomarker of oxidative damage. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mtDNA deletions in the gingival tissue of patients with periodontitis and to explain the correlations between mtDNA deletion in gingival tissue and clinical parameters of periodontitis and age. Gingival tissue and blood samples were collected from 30 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP group) and 30 healthy control subjects (H group). To determine the clinical condition of each subject, the plaque index, gingival index, clinical attachment level, and probing depth were measured. Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, we examined the 7.4- and 5-kbp mtDNA deletions in tissue and blood samples. Three different pairs of PCR primers were used in this study. In this study, we did not detect any deletions in blood DNA samples in either the CP or H group. Also, the 7.4-kbp mtDNA deletion was not detected in gingival tissues of subjects. However, the 5-kbp mtDNA deletion was detected in 24 of the 30 subjects (80%) in the CP group and was not detected in the H group (0%). Significant correlations were found between the occurrence of the 5-kbp mtDNA deletion and all clinical parameters (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.01). A similar correlation was found between the occurrence of the 5-kbp mtDNA deletion and age (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). The overproduction of ROS by activated polymorphonuclear leukocytes in chronic inflammation may lead to premature oxidative damage of the mtDNA. In this study, the occurrence of the 5-kbp mtDNA deletion in 24 periodontitis subjects may be evidence of premature oxidative DNA damage.

Http Dx Doi Org 10 1902 Jop 2010 100031, Sep 30, 2010

International Journal of Neuroscience, Jul 1, 2001

It has been shown that there is a strong relation between periodontal diseases and bacterial plaq... more It has been shown that there is a strong relation between periodontal diseases and bacterial plaque with clinical and experimental studies. According to scientific data, the best way to protect against the periodontal diseases is to remove bacterial plaque from tooth surface mechanically. To remove bacterial plaque from tooth surface completely, the patient must have good hand skill and motivation in addition to professional treatment. The aim of our study was to examine whether there is a difference between the left-handed who are known as skillful at drawing, geometry, and graphics and the right-handed at oral hygiene check. The study included 28 persons, 12 female and 16 male, ranging in age from 19 to 26. Subjects were divided into two groups according to their right or left hand use. Being right- or left-handed was determined with Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (Oldfield). Both groups were given oral hygiene education with a systematic treatment at the beginning of the study. At the beginning of the study, GI (Silness-Löe) and PI (Quigley-Hein) scores were taken from all subjects. Then, those scores were repeated in the 1st and 3rd month. Received scores were evaluated statistically with Wilcoxon test. While there was no statistical difference between both groups initially p > .05, there was a statistical difference between them in the 1st and 3rd month in favour of the left-handed p < .05. Consequently, it was found that the left-handed were more successful at oral hygiene check than the right-handed.

Marmara Universitesi Saglık Bilimleri Enstitusu Dergisi, 2012

Braz J Oral Sci, Sep 1, 2008

Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine age-and gender-related values for healthy mice... more Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine age-and gender-related values for healthy mice of CD3+ T and CD19+ B lymphocytes and CD3+/CD19+(T/B) ratios in peripheral blood and gingival tissue by the flow cytometry technique. Methods: The study ...

International Dental Journal, Jun 1, 2003

To determine to whether successful scaling and root planing (SRP) depends upon the grip used on t... more To determine to whether successful scaling and root planing (SRP) depends upon the grip used on the periodontal curette. The hand grips used by dentists for holding periodontal curettes were examined and the dentists were allocated to one of two matched groups, one in which they used a modified pen grip, the other in which they did not. Using a split-mouth technique, patients scheduled for SRP had one quadrant treated by a dentist from each group. Instrument application force was recorded as were periodontal measures at operation and 3-months later. During scaling, forces reached a mean of 0.77N in dentists using a curette with a non-pen grip and 0.54N in those using a pen grip and during root planing, 0.93N and 0.64N respectively. These forces were statistically significantly different between the two groups. Pocket depth reduction in teeth treated by the two groups was similar but attachment levels were statistically significantly different. Instrument grip had a significant effect on response to SRP, suggesting that dentists using a modified pen grip achieved better clinical results.

Turkiye Klinikleri Dis Hekimligi Bilimleri Dergisi, 2015

The International Journal of Neuroscience, Feb 1, 2001

Recession is the exposure of the root surface by an apical shift in the position of the gingiva. ... more Recession is the exposure of the root surface by an apical shift in the position of the gingiva. Several factors have been implicated in the etiology of gingival recession. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between gingival recession and the hand, right or left, duration, frequency, and technique of tooth brushing in left- and right-handed adults in Erzurum, Turkey. Fifty five left-handed (35 female and 20 male) and 55 right-handed (35 female and 25 male) subjects were included in the study. The left and right hand positions of the subjects were determined by using Oldfield's Edinburg Inventory Index, and they were divided into two groups as left-handed and right-handed. The amount of gingival recession and localization, oral hygiene situations, gingival bleeding, toothbrushing duration, frequency, and techniques of subjects were evaluated. The relationship between the amount of gingival recession and localization and the subjects' hand, duration, frequency and technique of tooth brushing were examined. The data were evaluated with variance analysis and student's t test. The oral hygiene situations in right- and left-handed subjects were determined. On comparing the left-handed subjects with the right-handed ones, it was observed that the left-handed subjects had better oral hygiene than the right-handed. But, this case was not statistically significant (p > .05). In both right-handed and left-handed subjects, women had better oral hygiene than men (p < .01). The rate of gingival recession was found more in the left-handed than in the right-handed (p < .05). In the right-handed subjects, gingival recession was found in the premolar and canine regions of upper right and lower right jaw. A similar result was also observed in the left-handed subjects, because gingival recession was seen on their upper left and lower left jaw. Incisive teeth were affected at the same rate in the left-handed and right-handed. The gingival recession was seen more in maxillary jaw than in mandibular jaw in both groups. A statistically significant relationship between gingival recession and frequency duration, and technique of tooth brushing was found. While the greatest amount of gingival recession was found in horizontal scrub technique, gingival recession increased with increasing tooth brushing duration and frequency. The relationship between gingival recession and hand using in tooth brushing was determined.

Journal of Periodontology Implant Dentistry, May 17, 2015

The International Journal of Neuroscience, 2002

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of hand preference of dentists and t... more The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of hand preference of dentists and the position of dental chairs in treatment of dental calculus. The dentists were last-class students from the School of Dentistry (Erzurum, Turkey). They were directed to dental chairs designed for right- and left-handers (right-sided and left-sided chairs) to remove calculus from the lower anterior teeth in volunteer patients having similar amounts of calculus, which was measured by Calculus index (CI). The right-handed dentists were more successful in right-sided (traditional) chairs than left-sided chairs; the left-handed dentists were more successful on left-sided chairs than right-sided chairs. The highest posttreatment CI (lowest success) was due to the right-handed dentists on the left-sided chairs. The lowest posttreatment CI (highest success) belonged to the left-handers working on the left-sided chairs. The left-handed dentists were better than right-handed dentists in the treatment of the mesial and distal surfaces of teeth, whereas the right-handers were successful only in the treatment of the distal parts of teeth. These results were explained by a better coordination between right and left hands and with higher skill in both hands in left-handers than right-handers.

Archivum Immunologiae Et Therapiae Experimentalis, May 1, 2009

Oxidative stress may contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontitis. However, the detailed molec... more Oxidative stress may contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontitis. However, the detailed molecular mechanism remains unclear. Both 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletion have been reported as early oxidative DNA damage markers. In this study, 8-OHdG levels in saliva and mtDNA deletions in gingival tissue of patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) were evaluated. Materials and Methods: Gingival tissue and whole saliva samples were collected from 32 patients with CP and 32 healthy control subjects. To determine the clinical condition of each subject, the plaque index, gingival index, clinical attachment level (CAL), and probing depth (PD) were measured. Using the ELISA and polymerase chain reaction methods, the salivary 8-OHdG levels and the 7.4-kbp and 5-kbp mtDNA deletions were examined. Results: The 5-kbp mtDNA deletion was detected in 20 of the 32 periodontitis patients (62.5%), but was not detected in the healthy controls. The mean value of 8-OHdG in the saliva of the periodontitis patients with deleted mtDNA was significantly higher than in the patients with non-deleted mtDNA (p<0.01). Also, significant correlation was found between the occurrence of the 5-kbp mtDNA deletion and salivary 8-OHdG levels (p<0.01). Similar correlations were detected between salivary 8-OHdG levels and age, PD, and CAL (p<0.01, p<0.05). Conclusion: Increased oxidative stress may lead to premature oxidative DNA damage in the gingival tissue of periodontitis patients and the salivary 8-OHdG level may signify premature oxidative mtDNA damage in diseased gingival tissue.

European Journal of Dentistry, Oct 1, 2010

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a member of the transcription factor family, and it plays a key... more Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a member of the transcription factor family, and it plays a key role in coordinating the expression of genes in many chronic inflammatory diseases. This study investigated the cytoplasmic and nuclear activation of (NF-κB) and the cytoplasmic expression of inhibitor kappa B (IκB) in gingival tissues of subjects who had chronic periodontitis. Thirty-five patients were included in this study; 17 patients had chronic periodontitis, and 18 were healthy. Gingival tissues were obtained from each individual and then stained immunohistochemically. The obtained sections were examined under a stereomicroscope, and the numerical density values of the stained cells were computed using the stereologic method. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a multiple range least significant difference (LSD) were used for intergroup comparisons (P=0.05). According to the immunohistochemical analysis of the cytoplasmic positive cells stained with IκB, statistically significant differences were found between the case and control groups. When comparing the cytoplasmic and nuclear positive immunoreactivity of p50 and p65, statistically significant differences were found between the diseased and control groups. Statistically significant correlations were also found between the clinical periodontal scores and the immunohistochemical results of the diseased subjects. It was shown that NF-κB was highly activated in subjects who had chronic periodontitis, compared to healthy controls. The findings of this study can be useful in planning new treatment strategies for periodontal diseases. Further investigations are needed to understand more about the signaling mechanisms of inflammatory mediators and their interactions with NF-κB in chronic periodontitis.

Turkiye Klinikleri Dis Hekimligi Bilimleri Dergisi, 1998

European Journal of Dentistry, Apr 1, 2009

The aim of this study was to evaluate 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) ... more The aim of this study was to evaluate 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities in whole saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis. Moreover, the relationship among the oxidative damage biomarkers, antioxidant enzymes activities and clinical periodontal status were investigated. Whole saliva samples were collected from 30 patients with chronic periodontitis and 30 periodontally healthy control. To determine the clinical condition of each subject, the plaque index, gingival index, clinical attachment level, and probing depth were measured. The salivary 8-OHdG level was measured using the ELISA method. SOD and GPx activities and MDA levels were determined spectrophotometrically. Higher salivary 8-OHdG and MDA levels (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;.001), and lower salivary SOD and GPx activities (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;.05) were detected in periodontitis patients compared to the healthy controls. Additionally, there were significant negative correlations between salivary levels of 8-OHdG and both salivary SOD and GPx activities as well as between salivary levels of MDA and both salivary SOD and GPx activities (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;.001). Higher salivary 8-OHdG and MDA levels and lower salivary antioxidant activities seem to reflect increased oxygen radical activity during periodontal inflammation.

European journal of dentistry, 2010

European journal of dentistry, 2009

The International journal of neuroscience, 2002