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Papers by Purneshwari Varshney
Studies in Computational Intelligence, 2022
Wireless sensor networks contains tiny nodes with the capabilities of sensing and computation. Th... more Wireless sensor networks contains tiny nodes with the capabilities of sensing and computation. The nodes in WSN can receive and relay packets as a router. Routing is a critical issue and an efficient routing protocol makes the network reliable. Routing protocols in WSN depends on the application and architecture of network. There are many conventional routing algorithms present for WSN. Swarm Intelligence (SI) is an emerging area that has recently captured much attention in the field of network routing. In addition to conventional approaches, many new researches have proposed the implementation of Swarm Intelligence for WSN routing. Swarm Intelligence is basically shows the complex behaviors that arise from very simple individual behaviors and interactions, which is commonly observed in nature, mainly among social insects such as ants, bees, fishes etc. Every individual has little intelligence and just follows basic rules using local information obtained from the surroundings. In th...
While relational capabilities are the cornerstone of modern marketing practice and theory, there ... more While relational capabilities are the cornerstone of modern marketing practice and theory, there are conflicting claims about their value for breakthrough or radical innovations. To address this problem, we distinguish two market relating capabilities—channel management and customer relationship management (CRM) capabilities. We explore their role in technological and market breakthroughs. The results show that channel management capabilities reduce while CRM capabilities foster the technological radicalness of new products. We also find that channel management capabilities have no impact on market radicalness of new products while CRM capabilities foster it.
Journal of Management Studies, 2004
The synchronous DS-CDMA system is well known for eliminating the effects of multiple access inter... more The synchronous DS-CDMA system is well known for eliminating the effects of multiple access interference which limits the capacity and degrades the BER performance of the system. This paper investigated the bit error rate (BER) performance of a synchronous DS-CDMA system over AWGN and Rayleigh channel, which is affected by the different number of users, as well as different types spreading codes. The promising simulation results explore the comparative study of different DS-CDMA system parameter and showed the possibility of applying this system to the wideband channel. In this paper, Rayleigh channel and AWGN Channel are introduced and investigated the bit error rate (BER) performance of a synchronous DS-CDMA system over these channels. In the DS-CDMA system, the narrowband message signal is multiplied by a large bandwidth signal, which is called the spreading of a signal. The spreading signal is generated by convolving a GOLD sequence code with a chip waveform whose duration is mu...
2015 International Conference on Computer, Communication and Control (IC4), 2015
In wireless communication, Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) technology offers significant increase... more In wireless communication, Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) technology offers significant increase in data throughput and link range without additional bandwidth. The dirty paper coding (DPC) achieves the sum rate capacity of Gaussian MIMO broadcast channel. The dirty paper coding is a technique for efficient transmission of digital data through a channel that is subject to some interference that is known to the transmitter. This technique consists of precoding the data so as to cancel the effect of interference. The duality relationship between BC and MAC channel has been studied and The Sato upper bound and Marton's inner bound on the capacity of Broadcast channel has been considered and applied this capacity to the MAC channel by showing the duality. The use of dirty paper coding closely achieves the sum-rate capacity region of broadcast channel. MIMO is abbreviation of Multiple Input Multiple Output. In MIMO fading environment, the so called degenerating channels or keyholes ...
A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of autonomous self-organizing wireless mobile nod... more A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of autonomous self-organizing wireless mobile nodes forming a temporary network without using centralized access points. They use wireless medium for communication, hence two nodes can communicate directly if and only if they are within each other’s transmission radius in a multi-hop fashion. In MANET, each node can act as a node as well as a router. But due to non-availability of centralized administration, there is a difficulty of routing optimization. Many conventional routing algorithms have been proposed for MANETs. There are various protocols like AODV, DSDV, DSR, ZRP etc. available for routing in MANET. Routing strategies are an important feature of network administration, as they have a significant influence on the overall network performance. An emerging area that has recently captured much attention in network routing researches is Swarm Intelligence (SI). Besides conventional approaches, a lot of new researches have proposed...
Swarm Intelligence is an emerging area that has recently captured much attention in the field of ... more Swarm Intelligence is an emerging area that has recently captured much attention in the field of network routing. In addition to conventional approaches, many new researches have proposed the implementation of Swarm Intelligence for WSN routing. Routing based on SI, is adaptive and dynamic in nature. In this paper, bioinspired routing protocols have been discussed. In this work a study and evolution has been done on the behavioral aspect of different swarm based routing protocols like ASAR (Ant-based service-aware routing algorithm) and PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) using the NS-3 simulation tool.
A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of self-organizing wireless mobile nodes forming ... more A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of self-organizing wireless mobile nodes forming a temporary network without using centralized access points. In MANET, each node can act as a node as well as a router. But due to non-availability of centralized administration, there is a problem of routing optimization. There are various protocols like AODV, DSDV, ZRP etc. available for routing in MANET. Swarm Intelligence (SI) is an artificial intelligence technique based around on the study of collective behaviour in decentralized, self-organized systems. Ant Colony Optimization is popular among other Swarm Intelligent Techniques. Antsbased routing algorithms have attracted the attention of researchers because they are more robust and reliable than other conventional routing algorithms. They are suitable for mobile ad-hoc networks where nodes move dynamically and topology changes frequently. In this paper, different ant based routing protocols are studied.
This paper presents an innovative solution for small satellite antennas by integrating antennas a... more This paper presents an innovative solution for small satellite antennas by integrating antennas and solar cells on the same panel to save small satellite surface real estate. The two main advantages of the concept: one, the antenna does not require an expensive deployment mechanism that is required by dipole antennas; second, the antenna does not occupy as much valuable surface real estate as patch antennas. The antenna design is based on using the spacing between the solar cells to etch slots in these spaces to create radiating elements. In order to demonstrate and validate the design method, three fully integrated solar panel antennas are prototyped using Printed Circuit Board (PCB) technology (PCB is a common solar panel material for small satellites). The first prototype is a circularly polarized antenna. The second is a linearly polarized two-element antenna array. The third prototype is a dual band linearly polarized antenna array. It is shown that the planned integrated solar...
ABSTRACT Abstract—In recent trend all the organization wants connectivity by utilization of unlic... more ABSTRACT Abstract—In recent trend all the organization wants connectivity by utilization of unlicensed spectrum as a medium for inexpensive connectivity in rural/remote areas and innovation by serving as a barrier-free and cost-effective platform for testing and implementing of new technologies. wide and dynamic spectrum is available to make radios and wireless networks truly cognitive, however, is by no means a simple task, and it requires collaborative effort from various research communities, including communications theory, networking engineering, signal processing, game theory, software-hardware joint design, and reconfigurable antenna and radio-frequency design. Cognitive radio (CR) is the enabling technology for supporting dynamic spectrum access the policy that addresses the spectrum scarcity problem that is encountered in many like signal processing techniques for spectrum sensing, cooperative spectrum sensing, and transceiver design for cognitive spectrum access with design and consideration for quality-of-service. These include the study of dynamic spectrum allocation methods, spectrum sensing, cooperative communications, incentive mechanisms, cognitive network architecture and protocol design, cognitive network security, cognitive system adaptation algorithms and emergent system behaviour.
Mobile ad hoc network or MANET is a collection of portable nodes which will be able to communicat... more Mobile ad hoc network or MANET is a collection of portable nodes which will be able to communicate over radio and also able to work without any infrastructure. Routers are permitted to move arbitrarily and also they are able to form themselves randomly, therefore, the topology of wireless networks may change quickly and randomly. Routing plays an important role and an efficient routing protocol makes the network reliable. Swarm Intelligence or SI is a developing field which is recently noticeable by many researchers in the field of network routing. Swarm Intelligence is mainly exhibits complex behaviors which comes up from basic individual practices and co-operations, which is generally seen in nature, for the most part among social creepy crawlies like ants, honey bees, angles and so on and they have individual little knowledge and keeps fundamental principles utilizing neighborhood data obtained from the surroundings. In this paper, traditional and SI based routing protocols have ...
Studies in Computational Intelligence, 2022
Wireless sensor networks contains tiny nodes with the capabilities of sensing and computation. Th... more Wireless sensor networks contains tiny nodes with the capabilities of sensing and computation. The nodes in WSN can receive and relay packets as a router. Routing is a critical issue and an efficient routing protocol makes the network reliable. Routing protocols in WSN depends on the application and architecture of network. There are many conventional routing algorithms present for WSN. Swarm Intelligence (SI) is an emerging area that has recently captured much attention in the field of network routing. In addition to conventional approaches, many new researches have proposed the implementation of Swarm Intelligence for WSN routing. Swarm Intelligence is basically shows the complex behaviors that arise from very simple individual behaviors and interactions, which is commonly observed in nature, mainly among social insects such as ants, bees, fishes etc. Every individual has little intelligence and just follows basic rules using local information obtained from the surroundings. In th...
While relational capabilities are the cornerstone of modern marketing practice and theory, there ... more While relational capabilities are the cornerstone of modern marketing practice and theory, there are conflicting claims about their value for breakthrough or radical innovations. To address this problem, we distinguish two market relating capabilities—channel management and customer relationship management (CRM) capabilities. We explore their role in technological and market breakthroughs. The results show that channel management capabilities reduce while CRM capabilities foster the technological radicalness of new products. We also find that channel management capabilities have no impact on market radicalness of new products while CRM capabilities foster it.
Journal of Management Studies, 2004
The synchronous DS-CDMA system is well known for eliminating the effects of multiple access inter... more The synchronous DS-CDMA system is well known for eliminating the effects of multiple access interference which limits the capacity and degrades the BER performance of the system. This paper investigated the bit error rate (BER) performance of a synchronous DS-CDMA system over AWGN and Rayleigh channel, which is affected by the different number of users, as well as different types spreading codes. The promising simulation results explore the comparative study of different DS-CDMA system parameter and showed the possibility of applying this system to the wideband channel. In this paper, Rayleigh channel and AWGN Channel are introduced and investigated the bit error rate (BER) performance of a synchronous DS-CDMA system over these channels. In the DS-CDMA system, the narrowband message signal is multiplied by a large bandwidth signal, which is called the spreading of a signal. The spreading signal is generated by convolving a GOLD sequence code with a chip waveform whose duration is mu...
2015 International Conference on Computer, Communication and Control (IC4), 2015
In wireless communication, Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) technology offers significant increase... more In wireless communication, Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) technology offers significant increase in data throughput and link range without additional bandwidth. The dirty paper coding (DPC) achieves the sum rate capacity of Gaussian MIMO broadcast channel. The dirty paper coding is a technique for efficient transmission of digital data through a channel that is subject to some interference that is known to the transmitter. This technique consists of precoding the data so as to cancel the effect of interference. The duality relationship between BC and MAC channel has been studied and The Sato upper bound and Marton's inner bound on the capacity of Broadcast channel has been considered and applied this capacity to the MAC channel by showing the duality. The use of dirty paper coding closely achieves the sum-rate capacity region of broadcast channel. MIMO is abbreviation of Multiple Input Multiple Output. In MIMO fading environment, the so called degenerating channels or keyholes ...
A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of autonomous self-organizing wireless mobile nod... more A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of autonomous self-organizing wireless mobile nodes forming a temporary network without using centralized access points. They use wireless medium for communication, hence two nodes can communicate directly if and only if they are within each other’s transmission radius in a multi-hop fashion. In MANET, each node can act as a node as well as a router. But due to non-availability of centralized administration, there is a difficulty of routing optimization. Many conventional routing algorithms have been proposed for MANETs. There are various protocols like AODV, DSDV, DSR, ZRP etc. available for routing in MANET. Routing strategies are an important feature of network administration, as they have a significant influence on the overall network performance. An emerging area that has recently captured much attention in network routing researches is Swarm Intelligence (SI). Besides conventional approaches, a lot of new researches have proposed...
Swarm Intelligence is an emerging area that has recently captured much attention in the field of ... more Swarm Intelligence is an emerging area that has recently captured much attention in the field of network routing. In addition to conventional approaches, many new researches have proposed the implementation of Swarm Intelligence for WSN routing. Routing based on SI, is adaptive and dynamic in nature. In this paper, bioinspired routing protocols have been discussed. In this work a study and evolution has been done on the behavioral aspect of different swarm based routing protocols like ASAR (Ant-based service-aware routing algorithm) and PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) using the NS-3 simulation tool.
A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of self-organizing wireless mobile nodes forming ... more A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of self-organizing wireless mobile nodes forming a temporary network without using centralized access points. In MANET, each node can act as a node as well as a router. But due to non-availability of centralized administration, there is a problem of routing optimization. There are various protocols like AODV, DSDV, ZRP etc. available for routing in MANET. Swarm Intelligence (SI) is an artificial intelligence technique based around on the study of collective behaviour in decentralized, self-organized systems. Ant Colony Optimization is popular among other Swarm Intelligent Techniques. Antsbased routing algorithms have attracted the attention of researchers because they are more robust and reliable than other conventional routing algorithms. They are suitable for mobile ad-hoc networks where nodes move dynamically and topology changes frequently. In this paper, different ant based routing protocols are studied.
This paper presents an innovative solution for small satellite antennas by integrating antennas a... more This paper presents an innovative solution for small satellite antennas by integrating antennas and solar cells on the same panel to save small satellite surface real estate. The two main advantages of the concept: one, the antenna does not require an expensive deployment mechanism that is required by dipole antennas; second, the antenna does not occupy as much valuable surface real estate as patch antennas. The antenna design is based on using the spacing between the solar cells to etch slots in these spaces to create radiating elements. In order to demonstrate and validate the design method, three fully integrated solar panel antennas are prototyped using Printed Circuit Board (PCB) technology (PCB is a common solar panel material for small satellites). The first prototype is a circularly polarized antenna. The second is a linearly polarized two-element antenna array. The third prototype is a dual band linearly polarized antenna array. It is shown that the planned integrated solar...
ABSTRACT Abstract—In recent trend all the organization wants connectivity by utilization of unlic... more ABSTRACT Abstract—In recent trend all the organization wants connectivity by utilization of unlicensed spectrum as a medium for inexpensive connectivity in rural/remote areas and innovation by serving as a barrier-free and cost-effective platform for testing and implementing of new technologies. wide and dynamic spectrum is available to make radios and wireless networks truly cognitive, however, is by no means a simple task, and it requires collaborative effort from various research communities, including communications theory, networking engineering, signal processing, game theory, software-hardware joint design, and reconfigurable antenna and radio-frequency design. Cognitive radio (CR) is the enabling technology for supporting dynamic spectrum access the policy that addresses the spectrum scarcity problem that is encountered in many like signal processing techniques for spectrum sensing, cooperative spectrum sensing, and transceiver design for cognitive spectrum access with design and consideration for quality-of-service. These include the study of dynamic spectrum allocation methods, spectrum sensing, cooperative communications, incentive mechanisms, cognitive network architecture and protocol design, cognitive network security, cognitive system adaptation algorithms and emergent system behaviour.
Mobile ad hoc network or MANET is a collection of portable nodes which will be able to communicat... more Mobile ad hoc network or MANET is a collection of portable nodes which will be able to communicate over radio and also able to work without any infrastructure. Routers are permitted to move arbitrarily and also they are able to form themselves randomly, therefore, the topology of wireless networks may change quickly and randomly. Routing plays an important role and an efficient routing protocol makes the network reliable. Swarm Intelligence or SI is a developing field which is recently noticeable by many researchers in the field of network routing. Swarm Intelligence is mainly exhibits complex behaviors which comes up from basic individual practices and co-operations, which is generally seen in nature, for the most part among social creepy crawlies like ants, honey bees, angles and so on and they have individual little knowledge and keeps fundamental principles utilizing neighborhood data obtained from the surroundings. In this paper, traditional and SI based routing protocols have ...