Victor T U B O S U N Babalola - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Victor T U B O S U N Babalola

Journal Article, 2023

This article aims to inform the reviewers of Chemistry Education curriculum on the need for inclu... more This article aims to inform the reviewers of Chemistry Education curriculum on the need for inclusive skills in chemistry education programme. Chemistry Education itself is a pseudo-scientific research field, studying the process of teaching and learning of chemistry through the procedural connections among research, theories and practices. Recently, the introduction of Inclusive Education Policy (IEP), into the entire education system where special need students with physical, hearing and visual impaired must be accommodated to learn with conventional students, requires that pre-service teachers be empowered with coping skills. It has also become a reality that many chemistry education graduates are working in various organizations other than schools including; banks, social media, advertisement industries, etc. This reality requires that students be guided towards diverse career prospects. They need training not only in the technical skills required by the teaching profession but also soft skills such as emotional intelligence, digital literacy, and interpersonal skills among others. These skills are not only imperative to becoming professional teachers but also transformative leaders in their future organizations. Consequently, this study describes the benefits of inclusive skills and suggested their inclusion into the curriculum to accommodate special need students, and increase post-graduation employability ratio.

Journal Article, 2024

This study aims to analyze the Impacts of Social Environment on Interest, Critical Thinking and A... more This study aims to analyze the Impacts of Social Environment on Interest, Critical Thinking and Academic Achievement of Students Taught Organic Chemistry Using Artificial Intelligence ChatGPT. Correlational research design was engaged for the study. 50-students in SS3 with an average age of 17years, who have access to android phones and the ChatGPT application from two senior secondary schools in Gwale Local Government area of Kano State, Nigeria formed the study sample. The instruments used for data collection include; the students' social environment, interest and critical thinking questionnaire (r=0.96) and Organic Chemistry Achievement Test (r=0.92). The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and Spearman Rank Order Correlation. The study revealed a high positive correlation between the social environment and student's interest; Social environment and critical thinking; as well as social environment and students' achievement in the ChatGPT's Organic Chemistry Classroom. The study further found a strong positive correlation between the students' interest and critical thinking, critical thinking and students' achievement in Organic Chemistry among students in the ChatGPT condition. It was concluded that social environment has a strong positive impact on students' interest, critical thinking and academic achievement in organic chemistry among students in the ChatGPT classrooms. The study recommends that, as the artificial intelligence (AI) ChatGPT is migrating into the chemistry classrooms, government needs to retrain chemistry teachers, school librarians and lab-technologists through refreshers courses to improve their performance in the concepts

Journal Article, 2025

The pattern of interaction is a live construct which explains the medium or mode of sharing knowl... more The pattern of interaction is a live construct which explains the medium or mode of sharing knowledge of the subject matter and related issues in an academic environment. Recently, the pattern of interaction has been held responsible as one of the causes of poor achievement in chemistry and in sciences in general. Consequently, the present study investigates the teacher-student interaction modes such as ICT utilization, students' motivation, diagrams-enhanced discussion, mnemonics-enhanced tutorial, and instructional materials in relation to students' learning variables such as perception, interest, attitudes, laboratory attendance, and test scores for Chemistry Achievement in Science Secondary Schools of Kano-Nigeria. The research design used is correlational research design. A sample of 346 students was drawn through simple random sampling techniques from the study population of 3,071 students. Two instruments of data collection used in the study include; the questionnaire entitled; Teachers' Patterns of Interaction in Relation to Chemistry Achievement Questionnaire (TMIRCAQ), with a reliability coefficient of 0.88 and Chemistry Achievement Test with a reliability coefficient of 0.96. Method of data analysis used include; simple percentage, mean of the descriptive statistics and Spearman's Rank Order correlation statistics. The results show a significantly positive correlation between ICT utilization, students' motivation, mnemonics-tutorial, instructional Materials, and diagram based discussion patterns of interaction with chemistry achievement. The study recommends the use of ICT, diagram based discussion, mnemonics tutorials, instructional materials and students' motivation patterns of interactions for all teachers to improve students' achievement in chemistry.

Journal Article, 2025

This study examines the relationship between On-site Learning and Students' Mindfulness, Conceptu... more This study examines the relationship between On-site Learning and Students' Mindfulness, Conceptual Understanding and Academic Performance in Chemistry amidst Nigerians Insecurity while focusing on the Mole-Concept in Gwale secondary schools, Kano-Nigeria. The correlational research design was engaged in the study. A sample of 181respondents consisting 91-male and 90-female students, from eight secondary schools in Gwale Education Zone was drawn from the study area using Simple random sampling technique. The instruments of data collection include the Questionnaire on Classroom Attendance, Students' Mindfulness and Conceptual Understanding of Mole-Concept (QCASMCUMC) with a reliability index of 0.87 and Mole-Concept Achievement Test (MCAT) with a reliability index of 0.98. The statistics used for data analyses include; mean and Spearman's rank order Correlation. Results of the study reveal a significant influence of on-site learning on students' mindfulness as well as on-site learning on Academic performance. However, no significant influence of on-site learning was found on students' Conceptual understanding of Mole Concept. The study recommends among others that government should provide transportation allowance for students to cushion the impact of economic hardship on students' on-site learning in Gwale Zone of Kano State, Nigeria.

Research Article, 2023

The rate at which chemistry education research beginners were picking sample from their research ... more The rate at which chemistry education research beginners were picking sample from their research population without specific guidelines and sampling procedures as observed in many online journal articles is worrisome. This problem must not be overlooked, if competent scholars would be trained for the future generations. The rationale behind this study is to change the narrative as the field of chemistry education is growing into maturity. The study hereby aims to provide the chemistry teaching community, project students and postgraduate researchers, with empirical basis for sample size determination and sampling techniques utilizable in Chemistry Education Research (CER). The study, being a qualitative method and a meta-synthesis design to be specific, used journaling" to collect data from 50 articles published between the years 2018 and 2023. The study revealed sample size determinations options such as scholarly published tables including Krejcie and Morgan 1970 and Research advisor 2006, the sample size formulae including; the Bourley formula of 1964, the Cochran's formula of 1963 and the Taro Yamane's formula of 1967. Nevertheless, the sampling techniques found include, the snowball sampling, multistage sampling, cluster sampling and systematic sampling. In order to improve the quality of research findings in chemistry education, the study recommends that the research beginners should use most appropriate and well understood sampling techniques and sample size determination options in their research adventures.

Article, 2023

This study elicits the effect of mnemonics tutorial method (MTM) on academic achievement and mind... more This study elicits the effect of mnemonics tutorial method (MTM) on academic achievement and mindfulness among chemistry education students of Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano. Quasi-experimental design was employed. The University has 1,002 chemistry education students, which formed the study population. However, intact class of level 200 containing 250 students with an average age of 20 years was sampled for the study. Fivefacet mindfulness questionnaire with the reliability coefficient of 0.85 and the students' academic records were used as data collection instruments. Research questions were answered through mean and standard deviation while the hypotheses were tested using t-test and analysis of variance. By the end of level 200, MTM was found to have improved the students' academic achievement, saved over 50% of the students on probation from dropping out of the university and drastically increased students' mindfulness. Consequently, MTM is hereby recommended for the teaching of chemistry education students not only in Nigerian universities, but globally to save the students on probation from becoming a university's drop-outs.

Article, 2023

This study investigates the concepts of Students’ Counseling and Teachers’ Moral Integrity Manage... more This study investigates the concepts of Students’ Counseling and Teachers’ Moral Integrity Management in Ethnolinguistically Diverse Science Education Schools. It aims to expose a few sidelined causes of Science teachers’ moral
integrity question and provides suggestions to ensure the hardworking teachers are not discouraged and the schools do
not lose public trust. Having adopted a multidisciplinary approach, the study exploited oral interviews and e-library
resources as data sources. The dichotomy “Theory X and Theory Y” by Douglas McGregor of 1960 was used as the
theoretical frame-work to anchor the study. It was discovered that the use of incomplete statements, ambiguous words
and gender sensitive statements during students’ counseling are responsible for misinterpretation of intention which
often put teachers’ moral integrity at risk. It was suggested that science teachers should be gender conscious and avoid
easily misunderstood statements during students counseling. Also, School Administrators and counseling association of
Nigeria should organize workshop for science teachers on the needs to refer low performing students to professional
counselors for proper counseling interventions.
Guidance and counseling; Science Education; School Administration; culture and linguistically diverse
students; Teachers’ Moral Integrity Management

The paper examined the application of epistemological code methods to teaching and learning of ch... more The paper examined the application of epistemological code methods to teaching and learning of chemistry in Nigerian secondary schools. The methodology employed involves the use of primary and secondary sources of data. It was discovered in this work that human brains are natural computers that could be coded for better efficiency and easy retriever of knowledge content. Also, the students taught with epistemological code method possess better confidence to face examinations without any kind of malpractices than those taught with traditional method of teaching. The paper recommended that teachers should be trained and retrained through refresher courses such as conferences, workshops, seminars and symposia on application of Epistemological Code Methods (ECM) in the teaching and learning of chemistry at the secondary level of Nigerian education. Introduction The role of chemistry as the nucleus of existence cannot be underestimated in human existence and well-being. Chemistry is a branch of science which deals with the study of properties, compositions, uses and the reactions of matters. However, matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. So, virtually everything on the surface of earth belongs to the category of matter. These matters include solid state materials such as stones, rock, wood, cars and man, to mention but a few. The liquid state of matter includes watery substances such as water, wine (ethanol), lubricants, and petroleum products among others. While, the gaseous state includes Oxygen which is inevitable for human survival, Carbon (iv) Oxide which is obligatory for plant growth,

This paper examines School principal's Bankruptcy in micro-policy of Nigeria Upper-Basic Educatio... more This paper examines School principal's Bankruptcy in micro-policy of Nigeria Upper-Basic Education. It however, strives to answer the question " which of the principal' Academic, professional and managerial skills that one may consider bankrupt in the effective implementation of Upper Basic Education Schools today? " The pedagogy employed for this study is multidisciplinary approach. Nevertheless, the paper utilized the theoretical frame work of Petercian theory to anchored reasons why school principals who may be academically, professionally and managerially bankrupt yet managed to find themselves on the seat of power as the principal of Upper Basic Education schools in Nigeria. The paper further lamented the role of godfatherism, ethnocentrism, ethno-religious sentimentalism and unemployment scenarios of the nation as being responsible for Bankruptcy on the part of the school principals in Nigeria upper Basic Education schools. Therefore, the paper recommended among others that the Federal Government of Nigeria should inscribe it emphatically into the National Policy on Education that the minimum qualification for upper Basic Education school principals is First Degree. Also, special training and retraining of school principals should be put into law. This will help to flush out or to propel bankrupt school administrators into further training which will in turn promote their efficiency and improve students' academic achievements.

This paper examined school administration and instructional supervision of secondary school Chemi... more This paper examined school administration and instructional supervision of secondary school Chemistry for student's academic performance. This is to ascertain the possible sources and remedy to the alarming rate of the said poor academic performance in this echelon of Nigerian education and chemistry in particular. The study further stresses the relevance of teaching as a triadic process to the School Administrators. However, the methodology employed is descriptive survey research design (DSRD) using primary and secondary source of data. The primary data was sourced using oral interview questionnaires (OIQ) as data collection instruments, while the secondary data was collected using multidisciplinary approach (i.e. findings made from authoritative work of scholars in the field of educational administration, curriculum studies and other relevant educational field published in journals, textbook and online information Resources (OIR)).These findings were adequately elaborated in the literature review. Teaching was discovered to be a triadic process which involves; the teacher, the learner and the subject matter otherwise known as curriculum. It was also discovered that all the three triadic components of teaching has significant relationship with students' poor academic performance in Chemistry. But, teacher is the most contributing components of teaching. And so, it was recommended that School administrator should not neglect all the three components of teaching in their cause of instructional supervision of secondary school chemistry but more attention should be focused on the chemistry teachers. Government and school administrators need to motivate Chemistry teachers towards effectiveness, and efficiency.

The paper looks into how science education schools productivity could be ensured using achievemen... more The paper looks into how science education schools productivity could be ensured using achievement driving administrative approach (ADAA). Descriptive survey research design was adapted to the study using primary and secondary sources of data. The paper is anchored with theoretical frameworks of Petercian theory. It was discovered that failure to achieve the goals of science education in Nigerian schools was due to poor leadership selection into the bureaucratic position of authorities. However, the paper recommends among others that appointment of workers into the position of authority in science education schools should not be based only on seniority but on rotation, professionalism and the traits of the workers in context.

This paper examines change agenda policy (CAP) as a School Administrative FrameWork for national ... more This paper examines change agenda policy (CAP) as a School Administrative FrameWork for national development.The researcher employed descriptive survey design methodology using primary and secondary sources of data. Theresearcher anchors the study with theoretical clarifications of Applied Ethics Theory and scientific managementtheory. It was discovered that one of the greatest hindrance to change agenda policy in Nigerian education fornational development is under-funding and educational funds mismanagement. And so, public private partnershipand financial moral ethics of the educational managers play significant role as a yardstick for measuring educationfor national development. The paper recommended among others, the adoption of PPP approach to educationalfunding. This is because higher standard of education and credibility will be achieved through public privatepartnership. Corruption should then be eradicated from Nigerian educational system through adequate sanctions ofthose who have been mismanaging the educational funds in the past. This will serve as deterrents to others that areplanning to commit similar offences in the future. Also, educational funding and quality assurance should be given alion share in the national budget.

This paper examined the school administrator as an albatross at the amphitheatre of school violen... more This paper examined the school administrator as an albatross at the amphitheatre of school violence. The school most popular figure (school administrator) at the center of school structure often confronted with daily crises, yet he/she must be equipped with appropriate skills required to manage or/and prevent the crises where necessary and feasible. To analyze the issues raised, the paper is anchored on the theory of administrative policy effect while multidisciplinary approach was used to give vivid illustrations on how to respond to school violence such as bomb threats, students fight, cultists' attacks, armed intruder into the school building and threatening person(s) outside the school gate, when they strike. It was discovered that virtually every crises within the school structures has parents', students' or teachers' political and economic undertones as well as wrongly implementation of policies without medium of adaptation on the part of school administrators. The paper recommended among others that, School administrators should always involve the school stakeholders that include the teachers, the Students' Union (SU) and the parents in the process of school rules and policies formulations and implementations. Also, clearly defined duties and responsibilities should be given to teachers and the students on daily basis to keep them busy and away from school Violence. Introduction In Nigeria like every other parts of the globe, it is sad to discover that school that supposes to serve as a citadel of knowledge is gradually becoming a war front. Cultists, terrorists, kidnappers and religious extremists among others keep on causing violence in Nigerian schools. Hence, the schools can now best be described as " Amphitheatre of Violence ". However, it appears that violence in the school could sometimes be amplified by errors on the part of the school administrator as well as the government, especially at the implementation stage of policies. This is a matter of concern to both parents and

The paper looks into how science education schools productivity could be ensured using achievemen... more The paper looks into how science education schools productivity could be ensured using achievement driving administrative approach (ADAA). Descriptive survey research design was adapted to the study using primary and secondary sources of data. The paper is anchored with theoretical frameworks of Petercian theory. It was discovered that failure to achieve the goals of science education in Nigerian schools was due to poor leadership selection into the bureaucratic position of authorities. However, the paper recommends among others that appointment of workers into the position of authority in science education schools should not be based only on seniority but on rotation, professionalism and the traits of the workers in context.

Journal Article, 2023

This article aims to inform the reviewers of Chemistry Education curriculum on the need for inclu... more This article aims to inform the reviewers of Chemistry Education curriculum on the need for inclusive skills in chemistry education programme. Chemistry Education itself is a pseudo-scientific research field, studying the process of teaching and learning of chemistry through the procedural connections among research, theories and practices. Recently, the introduction of Inclusive Education Policy (IEP), into the entire education system where special need students with physical, hearing and visual impaired must be accommodated to learn with conventional students, requires that pre-service teachers be empowered with coping skills. It has also become a reality that many chemistry education graduates are working in various organizations other than schools including; banks, social media, advertisement industries, etc. This reality requires that students be guided towards diverse career prospects. They need training not only in the technical skills required by the teaching profession but also soft skills such as emotional intelligence, digital literacy, and interpersonal skills among others. These skills are not only imperative to becoming professional teachers but also transformative leaders in their future organizations. Consequently, this study describes the benefits of inclusive skills and suggested their inclusion into the curriculum to accommodate special need students, and increase post-graduation employability ratio.

Journal Article, 2024

This study aims to analyze the Impacts of Social Environment on Interest, Critical Thinking and A... more This study aims to analyze the Impacts of Social Environment on Interest, Critical Thinking and Academic Achievement of Students Taught Organic Chemistry Using Artificial Intelligence ChatGPT. Correlational research design was engaged for the study. 50-students in SS3 with an average age of 17years, who have access to android phones and the ChatGPT application from two senior secondary schools in Gwale Local Government area of Kano State, Nigeria formed the study sample. The instruments used for data collection include; the students' social environment, interest and critical thinking questionnaire (r=0.96) and Organic Chemistry Achievement Test (r=0.92). The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and Spearman Rank Order Correlation. The study revealed a high positive correlation between the social environment and student's interest; Social environment and critical thinking; as well as social environment and students' achievement in the ChatGPT's Organic Chemistry Classroom. The study further found a strong positive correlation between the students' interest and critical thinking, critical thinking and students' achievement in Organic Chemistry among students in the ChatGPT condition. It was concluded that social environment has a strong positive impact on students' interest, critical thinking and academic achievement in organic chemistry among students in the ChatGPT classrooms. The study recommends that, as the artificial intelligence (AI) ChatGPT is migrating into the chemistry classrooms, government needs to retrain chemistry teachers, school librarians and lab-technologists through refreshers courses to improve their performance in the concepts

Journal Article, 2025

The pattern of interaction is a live construct which explains the medium or mode of sharing knowl... more The pattern of interaction is a live construct which explains the medium or mode of sharing knowledge of the subject matter and related issues in an academic environment. Recently, the pattern of interaction has been held responsible as one of the causes of poor achievement in chemistry and in sciences in general. Consequently, the present study investigates the teacher-student interaction modes such as ICT utilization, students' motivation, diagrams-enhanced discussion, mnemonics-enhanced tutorial, and instructional materials in relation to students' learning variables such as perception, interest, attitudes, laboratory attendance, and test scores for Chemistry Achievement in Science Secondary Schools of Kano-Nigeria. The research design used is correlational research design. A sample of 346 students was drawn through simple random sampling techniques from the study population of 3,071 students. Two instruments of data collection used in the study include; the questionnaire entitled; Teachers' Patterns of Interaction in Relation to Chemistry Achievement Questionnaire (TMIRCAQ), with a reliability coefficient of 0.88 and Chemistry Achievement Test with a reliability coefficient of 0.96. Method of data analysis used include; simple percentage, mean of the descriptive statistics and Spearman's Rank Order correlation statistics. The results show a significantly positive correlation between ICT utilization, students' motivation, mnemonics-tutorial, instructional Materials, and diagram based discussion patterns of interaction with chemistry achievement. The study recommends the use of ICT, diagram based discussion, mnemonics tutorials, instructional materials and students' motivation patterns of interactions for all teachers to improve students' achievement in chemistry.

Journal Article, 2025

This study examines the relationship between On-site Learning and Students' Mindfulness, Conceptu... more This study examines the relationship between On-site Learning and Students' Mindfulness, Conceptual Understanding and Academic Performance in Chemistry amidst Nigerians Insecurity while focusing on the Mole-Concept in Gwale secondary schools, Kano-Nigeria. The correlational research design was engaged in the study. A sample of 181respondents consisting 91-male and 90-female students, from eight secondary schools in Gwale Education Zone was drawn from the study area using Simple random sampling technique. The instruments of data collection include the Questionnaire on Classroom Attendance, Students' Mindfulness and Conceptual Understanding of Mole-Concept (QCASMCUMC) with a reliability index of 0.87 and Mole-Concept Achievement Test (MCAT) with a reliability index of 0.98. The statistics used for data analyses include; mean and Spearman's rank order Correlation. Results of the study reveal a significant influence of on-site learning on students' mindfulness as well as on-site learning on Academic performance. However, no significant influence of on-site learning was found on students' Conceptual understanding of Mole Concept. The study recommends among others that government should provide transportation allowance for students to cushion the impact of economic hardship on students' on-site learning in Gwale Zone of Kano State, Nigeria.

Research Article, 2023

The rate at which chemistry education research beginners were picking sample from their research ... more The rate at which chemistry education research beginners were picking sample from their research population without specific guidelines and sampling procedures as observed in many online journal articles is worrisome. This problem must not be overlooked, if competent scholars would be trained for the future generations. The rationale behind this study is to change the narrative as the field of chemistry education is growing into maturity. The study hereby aims to provide the chemistry teaching community, project students and postgraduate researchers, with empirical basis for sample size determination and sampling techniques utilizable in Chemistry Education Research (CER). The study, being a qualitative method and a meta-synthesis design to be specific, used journaling" to collect data from 50 articles published between the years 2018 and 2023. The study revealed sample size determinations options such as scholarly published tables including Krejcie and Morgan 1970 and Research advisor 2006, the sample size formulae including; the Bourley formula of 1964, the Cochran's formula of 1963 and the Taro Yamane's formula of 1967. Nevertheless, the sampling techniques found include, the snowball sampling, multistage sampling, cluster sampling and systematic sampling. In order to improve the quality of research findings in chemistry education, the study recommends that the research beginners should use most appropriate and well understood sampling techniques and sample size determination options in their research adventures.

Article, 2023

This study elicits the effect of mnemonics tutorial method (MTM) on academic achievement and mind... more This study elicits the effect of mnemonics tutorial method (MTM) on academic achievement and mindfulness among chemistry education students of Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano. Quasi-experimental design was employed. The University has 1,002 chemistry education students, which formed the study population. However, intact class of level 200 containing 250 students with an average age of 20 years was sampled for the study. Fivefacet mindfulness questionnaire with the reliability coefficient of 0.85 and the students' academic records were used as data collection instruments. Research questions were answered through mean and standard deviation while the hypotheses were tested using t-test and analysis of variance. By the end of level 200, MTM was found to have improved the students' academic achievement, saved over 50% of the students on probation from dropping out of the university and drastically increased students' mindfulness. Consequently, MTM is hereby recommended for the teaching of chemistry education students not only in Nigerian universities, but globally to save the students on probation from becoming a university's drop-outs.

Article, 2023

This study investigates the concepts of Students’ Counseling and Teachers’ Moral Integrity Manage... more This study investigates the concepts of Students’ Counseling and Teachers’ Moral Integrity Management in Ethnolinguistically Diverse Science Education Schools. It aims to expose a few sidelined causes of Science teachers’ moral
integrity question and provides suggestions to ensure the hardworking teachers are not discouraged and the schools do
not lose public trust. Having adopted a multidisciplinary approach, the study exploited oral interviews and e-library
resources as data sources. The dichotomy “Theory X and Theory Y” by Douglas McGregor of 1960 was used as the
theoretical frame-work to anchor the study. It was discovered that the use of incomplete statements, ambiguous words
and gender sensitive statements during students’ counseling are responsible for misinterpretation of intention which
often put teachers’ moral integrity at risk. It was suggested that science teachers should be gender conscious and avoid
easily misunderstood statements during students counseling. Also, School Administrators and counseling association of
Nigeria should organize workshop for science teachers on the needs to refer low performing students to professional
counselors for proper counseling interventions.
Guidance and counseling; Science Education; School Administration; culture and linguistically diverse
students; Teachers’ Moral Integrity Management

The paper examined the application of epistemological code methods to teaching and learning of ch... more The paper examined the application of epistemological code methods to teaching and learning of chemistry in Nigerian secondary schools. The methodology employed involves the use of primary and secondary sources of data. It was discovered in this work that human brains are natural computers that could be coded for better efficiency and easy retriever of knowledge content. Also, the students taught with epistemological code method possess better confidence to face examinations without any kind of malpractices than those taught with traditional method of teaching. The paper recommended that teachers should be trained and retrained through refresher courses such as conferences, workshops, seminars and symposia on application of Epistemological Code Methods (ECM) in the teaching and learning of chemistry at the secondary level of Nigerian education. Introduction The role of chemistry as the nucleus of existence cannot be underestimated in human existence and well-being. Chemistry is a branch of science which deals with the study of properties, compositions, uses and the reactions of matters. However, matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. So, virtually everything on the surface of earth belongs to the category of matter. These matters include solid state materials such as stones, rock, wood, cars and man, to mention but a few. The liquid state of matter includes watery substances such as water, wine (ethanol), lubricants, and petroleum products among others. While, the gaseous state includes Oxygen which is inevitable for human survival, Carbon (iv) Oxide which is obligatory for plant growth,

This paper examines School principal's Bankruptcy in micro-policy of Nigeria Upper-Basic Educatio... more This paper examines School principal's Bankruptcy in micro-policy of Nigeria Upper-Basic Education. It however, strives to answer the question " which of the principal' Academic, professional and managerial skills that one may consider bankrupt in the effective implementation of Upper Basic Education Schools today? " The pedagogy employed for this study is multidisciplinary approach. Nevertheless, the paper utilized the theoretical frame work of Petercian theory to anchored reasons why school principals who may be academically, professionally and managerially bankrupt yet managed to find themselves on the seat of power as the principal of Upper Basic Education schools in Nigeria. The paper further lamented the role of godfatherism, ethnocentrism, ethno-religious sentimentalism and unemployment scenarios of the nation as being responsible for Bankruptcy on the part of the school principals in Nigeria upper Basic Education schools. Therefore, the paper recommended among others that the Federal Government of Nigeria should inscribe it emphatically into the National Policy on Education that the minimum qualification for upper Basic Education school principals is First Degree. Also, special training and retraining of school principals should be put into law. This will help to flush out or to propel bankrupt school administrators into further training which will in turn promote their efficiency and improve students' academic achievements.

This paper examined school administration and instructional supervision of secondary school Chemi... more This paper examined school administration and instructional supervision of secondary school Chemistry for student's academic performance. This is to ascertain the possible sources and remedy to the alarming rate of the said poor academic performance in this echelon of Nigerian education and chemistry in particular. The study further stresses the relevance of teaching as a triadic process to the School Administrators. However, the methodology employed is descriptive survey research design (DSRD) using primary and secondary source of data. The primary data was sourced using oral interview questionnaires (OIQ) as data collection instruments, while the secondary data was collected using multidisciplinary approach (i.e. findings made from authoritative work of scholars in the field of educational administration, curriculum studies and other relevant educational field published in journals, textbook and online information Resources (OIR)).These findings were adequately elaborated in the literature review. Teaching was discovered to be a triadic process which involves; the teacher, the learner and the subject matter otherwise known as curriculum. It was also discovered that all the three triadic components of teaching has significant relationship with students' poor academic performance in Chemistry. But, teacher is the most contributing components of teaching. And so, it was recommended that School administrator should not neglect all the three components of teaching in their cause of instructional supervision of secondary school chemistry but more attention should be focused on the chemistry teachers. Government and school administrators need to motivate Chemistry teachers towards effectiveness, and efficiency.

The paper looks into how science education schools productivity could be ensured using achievemen... more The paper looks into how science education schools productivity could be ensured using achievement driving administrative approach (ADAA). Descriptive survey research design was adapted to the study using primary and secondary sources of data. The paper is anchored with theoretical frameworks of Petercian theory. It was discovered that failure to achieve the goals of science education in Nigerian schools was due to poor leadership selection into the bureaucratic position of authorities. However, the paper recommends among others that appointment of workers into the position of authority in science education schools should not be based only on seniority but on rotation, professionalism and the traits of the workers in context.

This paper examines change agenda policy (CAP) as a School Administrative FrameWork for national ... more This paper examines change agenda policy (CAP) as a School Administrative FrameWork for national development.The researcher employed descriptive survey design methodology using primary and secondary sources of data. Theresearcher anchors the study with theoretical clarifications of Applied Ethics Theory and scientific managementtheory. It was discovered that one of the greatest hindrance to change agenda policy in Nigerian education fornational development is under-funding and educational funds mismanagement. And so, public private partnershipand financial moral ethics of the educational managers play significant role as a yardstick for measuring educationfor national development. The paper recommended among others, the adoption of PPP approach to educationalfunding. This is because higher standard of education and credibility will be achieved through public privatepartnership. Corruption should then be eradicated from Nigerian educational system through adequate sanctions ofthose who have been mismanaging the educational funds in the past. This will serve as deterrents to others that areplanning to commit similar offences in the future. Also, educational funding and quality assurance should be given alion share in the national budget.

This paper examined the school administrator as an albatross at the amphitheatre of school violen... more This paper examined the school administrator as an albatross at the amphitheatre of school violence. The school most popular figure (school administrator) at the center of school structure often confronted with daily crises, yet he/she must be equipped with appropriate skills required to manage or/and prevent the crises where necessary and feasible. To analyze the issues raised, the paper is anchored on the theory of administrative policy effect while multidisciplinary approach was used to give vivid illustrations on how to respond to school violence such as bomb threats, students fight, cultists' attacks, armed intruder into the school building and threatening person(s) outside the school gate, when they strike. It was discovered that virtually every crises within the school structures has parents', students' or teachers' political and economic undertones as well as wrongly implementation of policies without medium of adaptation on the part of school administrators. The paper recommended among others that, School administrators should always involve the school stakeholders that include the teachers, the Students' Union (SU) and the parents in the process of school rules and policies formulations and implementations. Also, clearly defined duties and responsibilities should be given to teachers and the students on daily basis to keep them busy and away from school Violence. Introduction In Nigeria like every other parts of the globe, it is sad to discover that school that supposes to serve as a citadel of knowledge is gradually becoming a war front. Cultists, terrorists, kidnappers and religious extremists among others keep on causing violence in Nigerian schools. Hence, the schools can now best be described as " Amphitheatre of Violence ". However, it appears that violence in the school could sometimes be amplified by errors on the part of the school administrator as well as the government, especially at the implementation stage of policies. This is a matter of concern to both parents and

The paper looks into how science education schools productivity could be ensured using achievemen... more The paper looks into how science education schools productivity could be ensured using achievement driving administrative approach (ADAA). Descriptive survey research design was adapted to the study using primary and secondary sources of data. The paper is anchored with theoretical frameworks of Petercian theory. It was discovered that failure to achieve the goals of science education in Nigerian schools was due to poor leadership selection into the bureaucratic position of authorities. However, the paper recommends among others that appointment of workers into the position of authority in science education schools should not be based only on seniority but on rotation, professionalism and the traits of the workers in context.