Victor Velasco Estrada - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Victor Velasco Estrada
Archivo Español de Arqueología, 2024
In 2008, the project of the Molinete Archaeological Park, an archaeological reserve area in the h... more In 2008, the project of the Molinete Archaeological Park, an archaeological reserve area in the historic center of Cartagena (Murcia, Spain), the former Roman colony of Carthago Nova. The works are allowing to document an archaeological record dated between the III centuries BC. and XX, highlighting a sequence of streets, insulae and monumental buildings of high imperial age located between the port and the colonial Forum. In the Atrium Building, a deposit was found largely from its collapse produced at the end of the III-early IV century, where an important volume of Roman wall painting associated with various phases of the whole life stands out. The magnitude of the remains of mural painting was such that it led to the formation of a large multidisciplinary team and the definition of an intervention strategy to manage said heritage in a global way. Within this strategy, it was developed: 1) a refined system of registration and documentation of archaeological evidence, in order to determine the origin of the pictorial material of the landslides; 2) a conservation-restoration plan that covers from the first intervention in the site itself with consolidation, stabilization and registration interventions, to final curative conservation treatments, in situ or in the laboratory; 3) collaboration with physical-chemical teams; 4) the creation of work teams for the technical, stylistic and iconographic analysis of the paintings; and 5) the development of musealization strategies for wall paintings in situ, in other spaces of the Building or in the future Museum of the park. At work we will focus on the first three points.
The article presents the results of excavation seasons 2017–2020 at the colonial forum of Carthag... more The article presents the results of excavation seasons 2017–2020 at the colonial forum of Carthago Nova (Cartagena, Región de Murcia, Spain), built at the feet of the SE slope of the acropolis (arx Hasdrubalis; currently known as Cerro del Molinete). The stratigraphic sequence is described, including the late republican and Augustan-Tiberian periods, followed by the period spanning the final decades of the 1st century and the 3rd century AD. A domestic area, characterised by a long aisle, and several public buildings, dated from the 2nd century BC to the early 1st century AD, was found to have been built upon the NW end of what has been interpreted as an earlier forum, dated from the second half of the 1st century BC to the early imperial period (Period II Phase 1–2). The excavation also documented the expansion and transformation of the forum, the NW end of which was monumentalised in the last third of the 1st century AD (Period III Phase 1–2). The area was arranged in terraces (the top one of which may have housed a dynastic sanctuary) with different buildings and monuments. These results confirm the importance of the colony during the Flavian-Hadrianic period, a poorly understood historical period in which elites took active part in evergetic practices, in parallel to the boost that the granting of the Latin status by Vespasian meant to Hispanic civic communities, which certainly contributed to the monumentalisation of public space. The conclusions present open issues and future research prospects, especially concerning the articulation of the forum area with the surrounding urban layout.
Madrider Mitteilungen, 64, S. 210–317., 2024
The article presents the results of the excavation seasons 2017–2020 at the colonial forum of Car... more The article presents the results of the excavation seasons 2017–2020 at the colonial forum of Carthago Nova (Cartagena, Región de Murcia, Spain), built at the feet of the southeast slope of the acropolis (Arx Hasdrubalis; currently known as cerro del Molinete). The stratigraphic sequence is described, including the late Republican and Augustan-Tiberian periods, followed by the period spanning the final decades of the 1st century and the 3rd century AD. A domestic area, characterised by a long aisle, and several public buildings, dated from the 2nd century BC to the early 1st century AD, was found to have been built upon the northwest end of what has been interpreted as an earlier forum, dated from the second half of the 1st century BC to the early imperial period (Period II Phase 1–2). The excavation also documented the expansion and transformation of the forum, the northwest end of which was monumentalised in the last third of the 1st century AD (Period III Phase 1–2). The area was arranged in terraces (the top one of which may have housed a dynastic sanctuary) with different buildings and monuments. These results confirm the importance of the colony during the Flavian-Hadrianic period, a poorly understood historical period in which elites took active part in evergetic practices, in parallel to the boost that the granting of the Latin status by Vespasian meant to Hispanic civic communities, which certainly contributed to the monumentalisation of public space. The conclusions indicate open issues and future research prospects, especially concerning the articulation of the forum area with the surrounding urban layout.
Noguera Celdrán, J.M. - Cánovas Alcaraz, A.- Madrid Balanza, M.J. - Martínez Peris, I. (eds.), Barrio del Foro Romano. Molinete Cartagena. Proyecto integral de recuperación y conservación, 2016
Noguera Celdrán, J.M. - Cánovas Alcaraz, A. - Madrid Balanza, M.J. - Martínez Peris, I. (eds.), Barrio del Foro Romano. Molinete Cartagena. Proyecto integral de recuperación y conservación, 2016
Edificio del atrio: sede de una hipotética corporación comercial, en Noguera Celdrán, J.M. - Cánovas Alcaraz, A.- Madrid Balanza, M.J. - Martínez Peris, I. (eds.), Barrio del Foro Romano. Molinete Cartagena. Proyecto integral de recuperación y conservación, 2016
Noguera Celdrán, J.M. - Cánovas Alcaraz, A. - Madrid Balanza, M.J. - Martínez Peris, I. (eds.), Barrio del Foro Romano. Molinete Cartagena. Proyecto integral de recuperación y conservación, 2016
Museo Foro Romano. Molinete, Cartagena/Roman Forum Museum , 2023
Museo Foro Romano. Molinete, Cartagena: Roman Forum Museum / José Miguel Noguera Celdrán (dir.), Andrés Cánovas Alcaraz (dir.), María José Madrid Balanza (dir.), Izaskun Martínez Peris (dir.), 2023, ISBN 978-84-18936-67-8, págs. 240-295, 2023
In 2008, the project of the Molinete Archaeological Park, an archaeological reserve area in the h... more In 2008, the project of the Molinete Archaeological Park, an archaeological reserve area in the historic center of Cartagena (Murcia, Spain), the former Roman colony of Carthago Nova. The works are allowing to document an archaeological record dated between the III centuries BC. and XX, highlighting a sequence of streets, insulae and monumental buildings of high imperial age located between the port and the colonial Forum. In the Atrium Building, a deposit was found largely from its collapse produced at the end of the III-early IV century, where an important volume of Roman wall painting associated with various phases of the whole life stands out. The magnitude of the remains of mural painting was such that it led to the formation of a large multidisciplinary team and the definition of an intervention strategy to manage said heritage in a global way. Within this strategy, it was developed: 1) a refined system of registration and documentation of archaeological evidence, in order to determine the origin of the pictorial material of the landslides; 2) a conservation-restoration plan that covers from the first intervention in the site itself with consolidation, stabilization and registration interventions, to final curative conservation treatments, in situ or in the laboratory; 3) collaboration with physical-chemical teams; 4) the creation of work teams for the technical, stylistic and iconographic analysis of the paintings; and 5) the development of musealization strategies for wall paintings in situ, in other spaces of the Building or in the future Museum of the park. At work we will focus on the first three points.
This paper presents the main results of the archaeological projects undertaken in the Molinete Ar... more This paper presents the main results of the archaeological projects undertaken in the Molinete Archaeological Park of Cartagena in the last six years (2017-2022). These projects have focused on the Sanctuary of Isis (Insula II), the Forum of the colony and, more recently, on Insula IV. In this insula, for the first time, a series of three domus have been documented
in the core zone of the ancient colony of Carthago Nova, of which it has been possible to partially excavate one, known as the “Domus of the Atrium”. As an epilogue, mention is also made of the work undertaken in recent years at the Roman Forum Museum. Molinete, inaugurated
in 2021 and converted into the new gateway to the archaeological park.
In this work, after its inauguration in May 2021, some of the characters of the new Roman Forum M... more In this work, after its inauguration in May 2021, some of the characters of the new Roman Forum Museum are exposed, conceived as a site museum of the Molinete Archaeological Park of Cartagena and its entrance door. Some considerations are raised about the objectives of the institution, its building, infrastructures and scope of its collection and permanent exhibition, as well as its discourse and museum equipment and the conservation-restoration criteria and actions applied to the archaeological collection.
En noviembre del año 1991, el profesor Pedro Rodríguez Oliva participó en la Universidad de Murci... more En noviembre del año 1991, el profesor Pedro Rodríguez Oliva participó en la Universidad de Murcia en un seminario sobre escultura romana, organizado por uno de nosotros (J. M. Noguera). Acababa de presentar en el VIII Congreso Español de Estudios Clásicos, celebrado en Madrid del 23 al 27 de septiembre de 1991, un trabajo sobre materiales arqueológicos y epigráficos relativos a los cultos domésticos en Hispania. En aquel momento, conocía la noticia dada por P. A. San Martín unos años antes del hallazgo, en una excavación urbana en Cartagena –la antigua colonia romana de Carthago Nova– realizada en la plaza de San Ginés, esquina con la calle Faquineto, de parte de una casa romana y de los restos de un sacrarium del siglo I d.C. donde se hallaron in situ dos árulas y un altar anepigráficos y con huellas de fuego en su parte superior. Aprovechando su estancia en tierras murcianas, visitamos el Museo Arqueológico Municipal de Cartagena para conocer de primera mano los tres altarcillos domésticos y realizamos su autopsia y documentación fotográfica para su publicación en las actas del congreso, aparecidas en 1994.
Casi tres décadas más tarde, las excavaciones acometidas en el área del Foro colonial de Carthago Nova en el contexto del proyecto del Parque Arqueológico del Molinete, nos han permitido documentar un conjunto de viviendas de época tardo-republicana amortizadas en las primeras décadas del siglo I d.C. por la construcción del conjunto forense. En una de esas casas, se recuperó una magnífica arula de tradición itálica para ofrendas de carácter doméstico. Aunque se halló amortizado, sus rasgos formales y tipológicos permiten plantear algunas observaciones de interés de carácter intrínseco y sobre la temprana implantación de los cultos domésticos romanos en la ciudad.
Enlazando con aquella primera visita juntos a Cartagena en 1991, que fue el inicio de una largo y fructífero vínculo profesional y de amistad, deseamos “regalar” al profesor Rodríguez Oliva esta contribución como muestra de nuestro reconocimiento hacia su labor científica durante más de medio siglo en el campo de la Arqueología Clásica hispana.
La pintura romana en Hispania. Del estudio de campo a su puesta en valor , 2020
The Atrium Building of Cartagena is decorated with a rich pictorial decoration from different mo... more The Atrium Building of Cartagena is decorated with a rich pictorial decoration from different moments. However, Room 13 in Atrium Building is remarkable due to the conservation state of its wall paintings with white panels which are been accurately dated at the beginning of the 3rd century A.D.
La pintura romana en Hispania. Del estudio de campo a su puesta en valor, 2020
In 2018 during the excavations of the Monte Sacro in Cartagena roman wall-paintings were found in... more In 2018 during the excavations of the Monte Sacro in Cartagena roman wall-paintings were found in situ with a figured scene which could be interpreted as a Nilotic scene.
This paper released the results of the work carried out in the last three years at the Forum of t... more This paper released the results of the work carried out in the last three years at the Forum of the Roman colony of Carthago Nova (Cartagena, Spain; Hispania citerior), in the eastern sector of the southeastern slope of Molinete hill. Archaeological excavations have shown the existence of a series of terraced buildings corresponding to the urban planning of the 2nd-1st centuries BC. These buildings were amortized in the 1st century AD for the construction of the upper and intermediate terraces of the Forum. The study of the ceramic contexts suggests the construction of the Forum in the early decades of the 1st century AD, consisting of a series of buildings designed to meet the religious, political and administrative functionality of the space. Below are the results of the archaeological work carried out, as well as conservation-restoration treatments applied to the recovered remains.
XXIV Jornadas de Patrimonio CUltural de la Región de Murcia, 2018
The project Parque Arqueológico del Molinete has led to the opening of the Harbour Baths, the Atr... more The project Parque Arqueológico del Molinete has led to the opening of the Harbour Baths, the Atrium Building and the sanctuary of Serapis and Isis, located in two roman insulae, to visitors. Nowadays, archeologists and restorers are working at the colony forum and the adjacent buildings. The information, collected during the different project phases, have partially reformulated the hypothesis about the urbanism of this important area of the roman colony.
Exemplum et Spolia La reutilización arquitectónica en la transformación del paisaje urbano de las ciudades históricas, 2020
Archivo Español de Arqueología, 2024
In 2008, the project of the Molinete Archaeological Park, an archaeological reserve area in the h... more In 2008, the project of the Molinete Archaeological Park, an archaeological reserve area in the historic center of Cartagena (Murcia, Spain), the former Roman colony of Carthago Nova. The works are allowing to document an archaeological record dated between the III centuries BC. and XX, highlighting a sequence of streets, insulae and monumental buildings of high imperial age located between the port and the colonial Forum. In the Atrium Building, a deposit was found largely from its collapse produced at the end of the III-early IV century, where an important volume of Roman wall painting associated with various phases of the whole life stands out. The magnitude of the remains of mural painting was such that it led to the formation of a large multidisciplinary team and the definition of an intervention strategy to manage said heritage in a global way. Within this strategy, it was developed: 1) a refined system of registration and documentation of archaeological evidence, in order to determine the origin of the pictorial material of the landslides; 2) a conservation-restoration plan that covers from the first intervention in the site itself with consolidation, stabilization and registration interventions, to final curative conservation treatments, in situ or in the laboratory; 3) collaboration with physical-chemical teams; 4) the creation of work teams for the technical, stylistic and iconographic analysis of the paintings; and 5) the development of musealization strategies for wall paintings in situ, in other spaces of the Building or in the future Museum of the park. At work we will focus on the first three points.
The article presents the results of excavation seasons 2017–2020 at the colonial forum of Carthag... more The article presents the results of excavation seasons 2017–2020 at the colonial forum of Carthago Nova (Cartagena, Región de Murcia, Spain), built at the feet of the SE slope of the acropolis (arx Hasdrubalis; currently known as Cerro del Molinete). The stratigraphic sequence is described, including the late republican and Augustan-Tiberian periods, followed by the period spanning the final decades of the 1st century and the 3rd century AD. A domestic area, characterised by a long aisle, and several public buildings, dated from the 2nd century BC to the early 1st century AD, was found to have been built upon the NW end of what has been interpreted as an earlier forum, dated from the second half of the 1st century BC to the early imperial period (Period II Phase 1–2). The excavation also documented the expansion and transformation of the forum, the NW end of which was monumentalised in the last third of the 1st century AD (Period III Phase 1–2). The area was arranged in terraces (the top one of which may have housed a dynastic sanctuary) with different buildings and monuments. These results confirm the importance of the colony during the Flavian-Hadrianic period, a poorly understood historical period in which elites took active part in evergetic practices, in parallel to the boost that the granting of the Latin status by Vespasian meant to Hispanic civic communities, which certainly contributed to the monumentalisation of public space. The conclusions present open issues and future research prospects, especially concerning the articulation of the forum area with the surrounding urban layout.
Madrider Mitteilungen, 64, S. 210–317., 2024
The article presents the results of the excavation seasons 2017–2020 at the colonial forum of Car... more The article presents the results of the excavation seasons 2017–2020 at the colonial forum of Carthago Nova (Cartagena, Región de Murcia, Spain), built at the feet of the southeast slope of the acropolis (Arx Hasdrubalis; currently known as cerro del Molinete). The stratigraphic sequence is described, including the late Republican and Augustan-Tiberian periods, followed by the period spanning the final decades of the 1st century and the 3rd century AD. A domestic area, characterised by a long aisle, and several public buildings, dated from the 2nd century BC to the early 1st century AD, was found to have been built upon the northwest end of what has been interpreted as an earlier forum, dated from the second half of the 1st century BC to the early imperial period (Period II Phase 1–2). The excavation also documented the expansion and transformation of the forum, the northwest end of which was monumentalised in the last third of the 1st century AD (Period III Phase 1–2). The area was arranged in terraces (the top one of which may have housed a dynastic sanctuary) with different buildings and monuments. These results confirm the importance of the colony during the Flavian-Hadrianic period, a poorly understood historical period in which elites took active part in evergetic practices, in parallel to the boost that the granting of the Latin status by Vespasian meant to Hispanic civic communities, which certainly contributed to the monumentalisation of public space. The conclusions indicate open issues and future research prospects, especially concerning the articulation of the forum area with the surrounding urban layout.
Noguera Celdrán, J.M. - Cánovas Alcaraz, A.- Madrid Balanza, M.J. - Martínez Peris, I. (eds.), Barrio del Foro Romano. Molinete Cartagena. Proyecto integral de recuperación y conservación, 2016
Noguera Celdrán, J.M. - Cánovas Alcaraz, A. - Madrid Balanza, M.J. - Martínez Peris, I. (eds.), Barrio del Foro Romano. Molinete Cartagena. Proyecto integral de recuperación y conservación, 2016
Edificio del atrio: sede de una hipotética corporación comercial, en Noguera Celdrán, J.M. - Cánovas Alcaraz, A.- Madrid Balanza, M.J. - Martínez Peris, I. (eds.), Barrio del Foro Romano. Molinete Cartagena. Proyecto integral de recuperación y conservación, 2016
Noguera Celdrán, J.M. - Cánovas Alcaraz, A. - Madrid Balanza, M.J. - Martínez Peris, I. (eds.), Barrio del Foro Romano. Molinete Cartagena. Proyecto integral de recuperación y conservación, 2016
Museo Foro Romano. Molinete, Cartagena/Roman Forum Museum , 2023
Museo Foro Romano. Molinete, Cartagena: Roman Forum Museum / José Miguel Noguera Celdrán (dir.), Andrés Cánovas Alcaraz (dir.), María José Madrid Balanza (dir.), Izaskun Martínez Peris (dir.), 2023, ISBN 978-84-18936-67-8, págs. 240-295, 2023
In 2008, the project of the Molinete Archaeological Park, an archaeological reserve area in the h... more In 2008, the project of the Molinete Archaeological Park, an archaeological reserve area in the historic center of Cartagena (Murcia, Spain), the former Roman colony of Carthago Nova. The works are allowing to document an archaeological record dated between the III centuries BC. and XX, highlighting a sequence of streets, insulae and monumental buildings of high imperial age located between the port and the colonial Forum. In the Atrium Building, a deposit was found largely from its collapse produced at the end of the III-early IV century, where an important volume of Roman wall painting associated with various phases of the whole life stands out. The magnitude of the remains of mural painting was such that it led to the formation of a large multidisciplinary team and the definition of an intervention strategy to manage said heritage in a global way. Within this strategy, it was developed: 1) a refined system of registration and documentation of archaeological evidence, in order to determine the origin of the pictorial material of the landslides; 2) a conservation-restoration plan that covers from the first intervention in the site itself with consolidation, stabilization and registration interventions, to final curative conservation treatments, in situ or in the laboratory; 3) collaboration with physical-chemical teams; 4) the creation of work teams for the technical, stylistic and iconographic analysis of the paintings; and 5) the development of musealization strategies for wall paintings in situ, in other spaces of the Building or in the future Museum of the park. At work we will focus on the first three points.
This paper presents the main results of the archaeological projects undertaken in the Molinete Ar... more This paper presents the main results of the archaeological projects undertaken in the Molinete Archaeological Park of Cartagena in the last six years (2017-2022). These projects have focused on the Sanctuary of Isis (Insula II), the Forum of the colony and, more recently, on Insula IV. In this insula, for the first time, a series of three domus have been documented
in the core zone of the ancient colony of Carthago Nova, of which it has been possible to partially excavate one, known as the “Domus of the Atrium”. As an epilogue, mention is also made of the work undertaken in recent years at the Roman Forum Museum. Molinete, inaugurated
in 2021 and converted into the new gateway to the archaeological park.
In this work, after its inauguration in May 2021, some of the characters of the new Roman Forum M... more In this work, after its inauguration in May 2021, some of the characters of the new Roman Forum Museum are exposed, conceived as a site museum of the Molinete Archaeological Park of Cartagena and its entrance door. Some considerations are raised about the objectives of the institution, its building, infrastructures and scope of its collection and permanent exhibition, as well as its discourse and museum equipment and the conservation-restoration criteria and actions applied to the archaeological collection.
En noviembre del año 1991, el profesor Pedro Rodríguez Oliva participó en la Universidad de Murci... more En noviembre del año 1991, el profesor Pedro Rodríguez Oliva participó en la Universidad de Murcia en un seminario sobre escultura romana, organizado por uno de nosotros (J. M. Noguera). Acababa de presentar en el VIII Congreso Español de Estudios Clásicos, celebrado en Madrid del 23 al 27 de septiembre de 1991, un trabajo sobre materiales arqueológicos y epigráficos relativos a los cultos domésticos en Hispania. En aquel momento, conocía la noticia dada por P. A. San Martín unos años antes del hallazgo, en una excavación urbana en Cartagena –la antigua colonia romana de Carthago Nova– realizada en la plaza de San Ginés, esquina con la calle Faquineto, de parte de una casa romana y de los restos de un sacrarium del siglo I d.C. donde se hallaron in situ dos árulas y un altar anepigráficos y con huellas de fuego en su parte superior. Aprovechando su estancia en tierras murcianas, visitamos el Museo Arqueológico Municipal de Cartagena para conocer de primera mano los tres altarcillos domésticos y realizamos su autopsia y documentación fotográfica para su publicación en las actas del congreso, aparecidas en 1994.
Casi tres décadas más tarde, las excavaciones acometidas en el área del Foro colonial de Carthago Nova en el contexto del proyecto del Parque Arqueológico del Molinete, nos han permitido documentar un conjunto de viviendas de época tardo-republicana amortizadas en las primeras décadas del siglo I d.C. por la construcción del conjunto forense. En una de esas casas, se recuperó una magnífica arula de tradición itálica para ofrendas de carácter doméstico. Aunque se halló amortizado, sus rasgos formales y tipológicos permiten plantear algunas observaciones de interés de carácter intrínseco y sobre la temprana implantación de los cultos domésticos romanos en la ciudad.
Enlazando con aquella primera visita juntos a Cartagena en 1991, que fue el inicio de una largo y fructífero vínculo profesional y de amistad, deseamos “regalar” al profesor Rodríguez Oliva esta contribución como muestra de nuestro reconocimiento hacia su labor científica durante más de medio siglo en el campo de la Arqueología Clásica hispana.
La pintura romana en Hispania. Del estudio de campo a su puesta en valor , 2020
The Atrium Building of Cartagena is decorated with a rich pictorial decoration from different mo... more The Atrium Building of Cartagena is decorated with a rich pictorial decoration from different moments. However, Room 13 in Atrium Building is remarkable due to the conservation state of its wall paintings with white panels which are been accurately dated at the beginning of the 3rd century A.D.
La pintura romana en Hispania. Del estudio de campo a su puesta en valor, 2020
In 2018 during the excavations of the Monte Sacro in Cartagena roman wall-paintings were found in... more In 2018 during the excavations of the Monte Sacro in Cartagena roman wall-paintings were found in situ with a figured scene which could be interpreted as a Nilotic scene.
This paper released the results of the work carried out in the last three years at the Forum of t... more This paper released the results of the work carried out in the last three years at the Forum of the Roman colony of Carthago Nova (Cartagena, Spain; Hispania citerior), in the eastern sector of the southeastern slope of Molinete hill. Archaeological excavations have shown the existence of a series of terraced buildings corresponding to the urban planning of the 2nd-1st centuries BC. These buildings were amortized in the 1st century AD for the construction of the upper and intermediate terraces of the Forum. The study of the ceramic contexts suggests the construction of the Forum in the early decades of the 1st century AD, consisting of a series of buildings designed to meet the religious, political and administrative functionality of the space. Below are the results of the archaeological work carried out, as well as conservation-restoration treatments applied to the recovered remains.
XXIV Jornadas de Patrimonio CUltural de la Región de Murcia, 2018
The project Parque Arqueológico del Molinete has led to the opening of the Harbour Baths, the Atr... more The project Parque Arqueológico del Molinete has led to the opening of the Harbour Baths, the Atrium Building and the sanctuary of Serapis and Isis, located in two roman insulae, to visitors. Nowadays, archeologists and restorers are working at the colony forum and the adjacent buildings. The information, collected during the different project phases, have partially reformulated the hypothesis about the urbanism of this important area of the roman colony.
Exemplum et Spolia La reutilización arquitectónica en la transformación del paisaje urbano de las ciudades históricas, 2020
International Congress Urban transformation in the Late Antique West: from materials to models. Universidade de Evora (Portugal), 2017