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Papers by Annabella Villarino

International Journal of Science and Management Studies (IJSMS), 2019

Allium schoenoprasum, commonly called chives or G’nda by the Maranaos, is a small bulbous perenni... more Allium schoenoprasum, commonly called chives or G’nda by the Maranaos, is a small bulbous perennial known for its culinary and ornamental utility. The herb can be easily grown in average, medium, well-drained soils in full sun to part shade and is a native to both the Old and the New World. The current study is an investigation on the Traditional Ethnobiological Knowledge (TEK) of Maranaos on the commonly used chives. Aimed at finding out the uses of Chives among Maranaos, ethnography design, participant observation and key informant interviews based on semi-structured questionnaires were then employed. A total of thirty five (35) respondents coming from MSU – Marawi City, and from the municipalities of Piagapo and Masiu, all in Lanao del Sur participated. Among the respondents, five (5) were traditional healers aged 60-90 years old and thirty (30) TEK knowledgeable woman aged 20-50 years old. There were 16.67% female participants from MSU- Marawi, 50% from municipalities of Piagapo...

International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES, 2017

Biotropia: The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, Dec 6, 2023

Massive war pollutants brought by Marawi Siege in the Philippines have contaminated the city envi... more Massive war pollutants brought by Marawi Siege in the Philippines have contaminated the city environs and the surrounding ancient Lake Lanao. Munition residues including heavy metals are reportedly genotoxic hence this study was conducted to determine the post-siege genotoxic hazards posed by the munition pollutants through micronucleus (MN) assay on the slow-moving edible gastropod snails Vivipara angularis Muller (locally known as "suso") thriving in the lake. MN, a biomarker of genotoxicity was examined and counted in the hemocytes of exposed juvenile and adult snails. Results revealed that MN frequencies (no. of MN/1000 hemocytes) were significantly higher in snails sampled in Lake Lanao lakeshores than in the reference site Lake Dapao. Among adult samples, there was a decreasing trend of MN frequencies with increasing distance from lakeshore fronting warzone 'ground zero' where the battle was heaviest (site A) to sampling sites away from it: sites B, C, and D (Lake Dapao) which are 8.15 km, 24.41 km, and 34.45 km, respectively. Moreover, varied patterns of micronucleation were observed between age groups and sites, i.e., in all sites except C, adults had greater MN counts than juveniles which were significant in site A only. It is a generally recognized observation that MN frequency increases with age; unexpectedly juveniles displayed significantly higher MN counts than adults in site C. The elevated MN frequencies in the snail hemocytes exposed to war pollution could be attributed to genotoxic munition residues eroded and washed into the lake water. Moreover, heavy metals which are common components of weaponries were also detected in the snail muscles, although at concentrations within safe levels but continued consumption may be cautioned to avoid biomagnification. Other genotoxins must be present in site C other than munition residues predisposing the juvenile snails. The results are baseline data on the MN frequencies in V. angularis exposed to war pollutants in Lake Lanao which need further investigation.

International Journal of Science and Management Studies (IJSMS), 2019

Plants are utilized as traditional medicines since time immemorial. However, the dilemma of losin... more Plants are utilized as traditional medicines since time immemorial. However, the dilemma of losing this knowledge is real because of poor documentation evidenced by the relatively few studies conducted coupled with rapid urbanization especially in the Philippines. It is imperative for ethnomedicinal knowledge especially of the M’ranao tribe in Baloi, Lanao del Norte to be conserved , hence this study. Ethnomedicinal data were collected from semi-structured interviews of 30 informants and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Moreover, transect walk was performed to locate the frequently used medicinal plants. This study documented seventy eight (78) species of medicinal plants belonging to 36 families used for the treatment of various ailments belonging to 14 out of 16 human disease categories. The most important medicinal plant with a Use Value (UV) of 0.43 is Mingeyak (Salvia plebeian). There were fifty five (55) floral species found to have 100% Fidelity Level (FL) value. An...

Environmental Research Journal, 2011

International journal of humanities and social sciences, 2017

Vehicular exhaust has been proven by several studies to be genotoxic and deleterious to human hea... more Vehicular exhaust has been proven by several studies to be genotoxic and deleterious to human health (Health Effects Institute, 2010; IARC, 2012; etc.). In order to make possible health interventions, it is vital to perform bio-monitoring studies among individuals occupationally exposed to clinically high amounts of vehicular exhaust (Holland et.al. 2008 & Tovalin et.al. 2006). The purpose of the study was to assess the DNA damage of the exfoliated buccal cells among urban street vendors exposed to vehicular exhaust. The study utilized a cross-sectional design (n=60). Purposive sampling was used to select thirty (30) street vendors in Iligan City and thirty (30) controls in Marawi City. Only female participants were included to eliminate gender as a confounding factor. Data collection occurred between the months of October 2013 to January 2014. Buccal micronucleus test was used to investigate the genotoxic effects of vehicular exhaust exposure. A total of 1000 cells per test individ...

International Journal of Science and Management Studies (IJSMS), 2019

Allium schoenoprasum, commonly called chives or G’nda by the Maranaos, is a small bulbous perenni... more Allium schoenoprasum, commonly called chives or G’nda by the Maranaos, is a small bulbous perennial known for its culinary and ornamental utility. The herb can be easily grown in average, medium, well-drained soils in full sun to part shade and is a native to both the Old and the New World. The current study is an investigation on the Traditional Ethnobiological Knowledge (TEK) of Maranaos on the commonly used chives. Aimed at finding out the uses of Chives among Maranaos, ethnography design, participant observation and key informant interviews based on semi-structured questionnaires were then employed. A total of thirty five (35) respondents coming from MSU – Marawi City, and from the municipalities of Piagapo and Masiu, all in Lanao del Sur participated. Among the respondents, five (5) were traditional healers aged 60-90 years old and thirty (30) TEK knowledgeable woman aged 20-50 years old. There were 16.67% female participants from MSU- Marawi, 50% from municipalities of Piagapo...

International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES, 2017

Biotropia: The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, Dec 6, 2023

Massive war pollutants brought by Marawi Siege in the Philippines have contaminated the city envi... more Massive war pollutants brought by Marawi Siege in the Philippines have contaminated the city environs and the surrounding ancient Lake Lanao. Munition residues including heavy metals are reportedly genotoxic hence this study was conducted to determine the post-siege genotoxic hazards posed by the munition pollutants through micronucleus (MN) assay on the slow-moving edible gastropod snails Vivipara angularis Muller (locally known as "suso") thriving in the lake. MN, a biomarker of genotoxicity was examined and counted in the hemocytes of exposed juvenile and adult snails. Results revealed that MN frequencies (no. of MN/1000 hemocytes) were significantly higher in snails sampled in Lake Lanao lakeshores than in the reference site Lake Dapao. Among adult samples, there was a decreasing trend of MN frequencies with increasing distance from lakeshore fronting warzone 'ground zero' where the battle was heaviest (site A) to sampling sites away from it: sites B, C, and D (Lake Dapao) which are 8.15 km, 24.41 km, and 34.45 km, respectively. Moreover, varied patterns of micronucleation were observed between age groups and sites, i.e., in all sites except C, adults had greater MN counts than juveniles which were significant in site A only. It is a generally recognized observation that MN frequency increases with age; unexpectedly juveniles displayed significantly higher MN counts than adults in site C. The elevated MN frequencies in the snail hemocytes exposed to war pollution could be attributed to genotoxic munition residues eroded and washed into the lake water. Moreover, heavy metals which are common components of weaponries were also detected in the snail muscles, although at concentrations within safe levels but continued consumption may be cautioned to avoid biomagnification. Other genotoxins must be present in site C other than munition residues predisposing the juvenile snails. The results are baseline data on the MN frequencies in V. angularis exposed to war pollutants in Lake Lanao which need further investigation.

International Journal of Science and Management Studies (IJSMS), 2019

Plants are utilized as traditional medicines since time immemorial. However, the dilemma of losin... more Plants are utilized as traditional medicines since time immemorial. However, the dilemma of losing this knowledge is real because of poor documentation evidenced by the relatively few studies conducted coupled with rapid urbanization especially in the Philippines. It is imperative for ethnomedicinal knowledge especially of the M’ranao tribe in Baloi, Lanao del Norte to be conserved , hence this study. Ethnomedicinal data were collected from semi-structured interviews of 30 informants and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Moreover, transect walk was performed to locate the frequently used medicinal plants. This study documented seventy eight (78) species of medicinal plants belonging to 36 families used for the treatment of various ailments belonging to 14 out of 16 human disease categories. The most important medicinal plant with a Use Value (UV) of 0.43 is Mingeyak (Salvia plebeian). There were fifty five (55) floral species found to have 100% Fidelity Level (FL) value. An...

Environmental Research Journal, 2011

International journal of humanities and social sciences, 2017

Vehicular exhaust has been proven by several studies to be genotoxic and deleterious to human hea... more Vehicular exhaust has been proven by several studies to be genotoxic and deleterious to human health (Health Effects Institute, 2010; IARC, 2012; etc.). In order to make possible health interventions, it is vital to perform bio-monitoring studies among individuals occupationally exposed to clinically high amounts of vehicular exhaust (Holland et.al. 2008 & Tovalin et.al. 2006). The purpose of the study was to assess the DNA damage of the exfoliated buccal cells among urban street vendors exposed to vehicular exhaust. The study utilized a cross-sectional design (n=60). Purposive sampling was used to select thirty (30) street vendors in Iligan City and thirty (30) controls in Marawi City. Only female participants were included to eliminate gender as a confounding factor. Data collection occurred between the months of October 2013 to January 2014. Buccal micronucleus test was used to investigate the genotoxic effects of vehicular exhaust exposure. A total of 1000 cells per test individ...