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Papers by Violetta Cordani
Mesopotamia, 2016
This paper presents two interesting Hittite tablets related to iron and discusses the nature of t... more This paper presents two interesting Hittite tablets related to iron and discusses the nature of the objects they mention – a lion’s head and a ḫuwaši, respectively – as well as the terminology employed.
The aim of the present article is a reassessment of the Hittite written sources related to iron. ... more The aim of the present article is a reassessment of the Hittite written sources related to iron. Through a new examination of the documentary material, which pays special attention to typological and chronological features, the article reappraises the hypothesis of a progressive development in the Hittite iron industry during the Late Bronze Age.
This paper discusses the alleged one-year length of the campaign led by the Hittite king Suppilul... more This paper discusses the alleged one-year length of the campaign led by the Hittite king Suppiluliuma I against Tušratta of Mittani. Some structural similarities between the introduction of the Š attiwaza treaty (CTH 51) and Mursili's Annals, such as the mention of booty, suggest that the so-called One-year War lasted up to five years. A rearrangement of its events, as they can be reconstructed by comparing CTH 51 with other documents dating to the same period, over a time span longer than the traditional one seems to be best suited to the number and the importance of the deeds accomplished by Suppiluliuma.
This article reappraises the chronology of the Amarna letters written by Aziru, chief of Amurru, ... more This article reappraises the chronology of the Amarna letters written by Aziru, chief of Amurru, to the Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep IV–Akhenaten. Letters EA 157 and EA 164–167 are reordered according to a different reconstruction of the so-called
“One-Year war” over a time span of five years. By comparing Aziru’s correspondence with other Amarna letters, especially from Rib-Hadda of Byblos, the author investigates the historical frame within which Aziru’s journey to Egypt took place and discusses the length of Aziru’s stay at the Egyptian court.
Books by Violetta Cordani
The present volume presents the proceedings from the international workshop entitled Egypt and th... more The present volume presents the proceedings from the international workshop entitled Egypt and the Near East – the Crossroads, dedicated to the study of the relations between the two regions. The symposium took place from September 1–3, 2010 at the Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague. The main objective of the workshop was to enhance our understanding of the historical processes and the development of the abundant and complex relations between Egypt and the Near East during the period defined by the end of the Chalcolithic Period and the dawn of the Iron Age. In light of this, special attention was given to the region of Syria-Palestine. In order to obtain a well-balanced insight, the subject was discussed both from an archaeological and from a philological point of view. The volume contains fourteen papers, all of them closely related with the topic of the workshop with seven papers based on the study of material culture and archaeological data, and seven papers devoted to the study of written sources. The first group (archaeology and material culture) contains studies devoted to the Egyptian statuary from Qatna (A. Ahrens), to material from a grown settlement of the late Middle Kingdom at Tell el-Dabca (B. Bader), an overview of results of recent excavations at Tell Tweini (J. Bretschneider / A.-S. Van Vyve / G. Jans) and Tell el-Farkha (M. Czarnowicz), a study of the predynastic Egyptian influence in the Jordanian site of Tall Hujayrat al-Ghuzlan (F. Klimscha); an essay on religious symbolism in the Southern Levant in the Bronze Age according to iconography (F. Lippke) and finally, an analysis of the Levantine combed ware from Heit el-Ghurab (A. Wodzińska / M. Ownby). As for the second group of texts (written evidence) the volume contains the following papers: a reappraisal of the tale of Wenamun in the context of Ancient Near Eastern law (Ch. Brinker), a revision of the chronology of the Amarna letters sent by Aziru, the ruler of Amurru (Cordani); a detailed revision of relations between Egypt and Ḫatti set into the context of Ancient Near Eastern chronology (E. Devecchi / J. Miller), a linguistic analysis of the terminology used to refer to the king in Egyptian and Hittite texts from Ramesside period (J. Mynářová); a study of historical topography concerning the location of the toponym Qode (Z. Simon); a reconstruction of the translation processes in the production and reception of the Amarna letters (H. Tarawneh) and finally, an analysis of the relations between Egypt, Kush and Assyria before the battle of Eltekeh (S. Zamazalová).Format: 272 x 210 mm, 350 pages, hardcover, in English.
Mesopotamia, 2016
This paper presents two interesting Hittite tablets related to iron and discusses the nature of t... more This paper presents two interesting Hittite tablets related to iron and discusses the nature of the objects they mention – a lion’s head and a ḫuwaši, respectively – as well as the terminology employed.
The aim of the present article is a reassessment of the Hittite written sources related to iron. ... more The aim of the present article is a reassessment of the Hittite written sources related to iron. Through a new examination of the documentary material, which pays special attention to typological and chronological features, the article reappraises the hypothesis of a progressive development in the Hittite iron industry during the Late Bronze Age.
This paper discusses the alleged one-year length of the campaign led by the Hittite king Suppilul... more This paper discusses the alleged one-year length of the campaign led by the Hittite king Suppiluliuma I against Tušratta of Mittani. Some structural similarities between the introduction of the Š attiwaza treaty (CTH 51) and Mursili's Annals, such as the mention of booty, suggest that the so-called One-year War lasted up to five years. A rearrangement of its events, as they can be reconstructed by comparing CTH 51 with other documents dating to the same period, over a time span longer than the traditional one seems to be best suited to the number and the importance of the deeds accomplished by Suppiluliuma.
This article reappraises the chronology of the Amarna letters written by Aziru, chief of Amurru, ... more This article reappraises the chronology of the Amarna letters written by Aziru, chief of Amurru, to the Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep IV–Akhenaten. Letters EA 157 and EA 164–167 are reordered according to a different reconstruction of the so-called
“One-Year war” over a time span of five years. By comparing Aziru’s correspondence with other Amarna letters, especially from Rib-Hadda of Byblos, the author investigates the historical frame within which Aziru’s journey to Egypt took place and discusses the length of Aziru’s stay at the Egyptian court.
The present volume presents the proceedings from the international workshop entitled Egypt and th... more The present volume presents the proceedings from the international workshop entitled Egypt and the Near East – the Crossroads, dedicated to the study of the relations between the two regions. The symposium took place from September 1–3, 2010 at the Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague. The main objective of the workshop was to enhance our understanding of the historical processes and the development of the abundant and complex relations between Egypt and the Near East during the period defined by the end of the Chalcolithic Period and the dawn of the Iron Age. In light of this, special attention was given to the region of Syria-Palestine. In order to obtain a well-balanced insight, the subject was discussed both from an archaeological and from a philological point of view. The volume contains fourteen papers, all of them closely related with the topic of the workshop with seven papers based on the study of material culture and archaeological data, and seven papers devoted to the study of written sources. The first group (archaeology and material culture) contains studies devoted to the Egyptian statuary from Qatna (A. Ahrens), to material from a grown settlement of the late Middle Kingdom at Tell el-Dabca (B. Bader), an overview of results of recent excavations at Tell Tweini (J. Bretschneider / A.-S. Van Vyve / G. Jans) and Tell el-Farkha (M. Czarnowicz), a study of the predynastic Egyptian influence in the Jordanian site of Tall Hujayrat al-Ghuzlan (F. Klimscha); an essay on religious symbolism in the Southern Levant in the Bronze Age according to iconography (F. Lippke) and finally, an analysis of the Levantine combed ware from Heit el-Ghurab (A. Wodzińska / M. Ownby). As for the second group of texts (written evidence) the volume contains the following papers: a reappraisal of the tale of Wenamun in the context of Ancient Near Eastern law (Ch. Brinker), a revision of the chronology of the Amarna letters sent by Aziru, the ruler of Amurru (Cordani); a detailed revision of relations between Egypt and Ḫatti set into the context of Ancient Near Eastern chronology (E. Devecchi / J. Miller), a linguistic analysis of the terminology used to refer to the king in Egyptian and Hittite texts from Ramesside period (J. Mynářová); a study of historical topography concerning the location of the toponym Qode (Z. Simon); a reconstruction of the translation processes in the production and reception of the Amarna letters (H. Tarawneh) and finally, an analysis of the relations between Egypt, Kush and Assyria before the battle of Eltekeh (S. Zamazalová).Format: 272 x 210 mm, 350 pages, hardcover, in English.