Vishal kashyap - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Vishal kashyap

Journal of Business Research, 2022

In an effort to determine the sources of dysfunction that affect the integrity of supply in the p... more In an effort to determine the sources of dysfunction that affect the integrity of supply in the pharmaceutical and medical device industry, a research collaboration was created by the academia, business practitioners and regulators. The research used a multi-stage effort that relied on the DMADV (define, measure, analyze, develop, and verify) approach to identify and propose solutions for key issues influencing the reliability of supply chains in an effort to improve existing processes of the participating firms. The data was collected over 3 years and involved 41 executives from 25 participating firms that had either Fortune 500 or Fortune 100 status with median revenues of $7.3 billion, The study found that conventional wisdom about Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) is not working as intended due to the following issues: (1) A top-down mentality within the buying organization; (2) A lack of purposeful engagement with suppliers; (3) A lack of robust internal alignment and (4) ...

International Surgery Journal, 2021

Background: Complex hypospadias repair is a challenging issue for the urologists. In Ulaan Baatar... more Background: Complex hypospadias repair is a challenging issue for the urologists. In Ulaan Baatar technique a distal neourethral tube along with glans is reconstructed in first stage with formation of a controlled fistula between neourethral tube and native urethra proximally. Later in second stage the fistula is closed by traditional technique. Therefore glans and distal urethral tube are not being manipulated during second stage repair and thus it has better cosmetic outcomes.Methods: We reviewed the records of 33 different patients with proximal hypospadias who had undergone Ulaan Baatar repair in last 3 years. 21 patients had multiple previous attempts of hypospadias repair and 12 were primary (naïve) cases with proximal hypospadias.Results: Mean follow up was 18.5 months after first stage and 12.4 months after the second stage. The mean age was 14.1years (ranged 8 to 22 years). Mean time between stage I and stage II was 8 months (range 6-9 months). None of the patients develope...

International Journal of Information Systems and Social Change, 2020

The study looks at the benefits and usage of cryptocurrency as it seeks to compete with and also ... more The study looks at the benefits and usage of cryptocurrency as it seeks to compete with and also replace traditional currency. Despite many nations classifying cryptocurrency as a threat and confirming it to be an illegal tender, mostly due to the disruption providing little or no advantage to the government bodies, many private organisations are now taking up cryptocurrency as a legally acceptable method of payment in various sectors from education, travel, wealth management and even traditional practices like targeting of customers and advertising. Cryptocurrency may be temporary, as long as the process of obtaining, safeguarding, and storing it in the Blockchain remains tedious and an extremely confusing process and the governments of nations are not going to accept the currency as a legal tender, as long as they get no benefit with it and as long as usage of the Bitcoin is linked heavily with payments for drugs and weapons. However, the usage in the legal markets may also show a...

Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to consider the impact of contractual and normative governance mechanisms ... more PurposeThis paper aims to consider the impact of contractual and normative governance mechanisms on recommendation intent in a context of healthcare and professional lighting where repeat business from a customer is absent. The authors suggest both contractual and normative governance can create recommendation intent, but only when sufficient customer value is created.Design/methodology/approachThe authors draw on a combination of survey and archival data from the supplier and customer in the medical equipment and advanced (business) lighting systems industries. The authors analyze the data using seemingly unrelated regression and mediation tests.FindingsContracts and relational norms can increase customer recommendation intent, but only when the supplier creates customer value.Practical implicationsThe paper’s findings suggest that customers of business solutions are more likely to recommend their supplier when contracts are relatively detailed and when buyers and suppliers attempt...

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2020

Herein we report multifunctional action of two dimensional nanostructure of graphene and graphiti... more Herein we report multifunctional action of two dimensional nanostructure of graphene and graphitic carbon nitride. Here we observed giant spin filter action with negative differential resistance (NDR). Observed spin filtration action has been further explained by transmission spectra obtained at zero and finite bias. Dual existence of spin filtration and negative differential resistance feature over certain voltage range makes it suitable as tuneable multifunctional device.

Industrial Marketing Management, 2019

The value concept is key to understanding purchasing and marketing decisions in business markets.... more The value concept is key to understanding purchasing and marketing decisions in business markets. Despite its importance, a lack of clarity surrounding the conceptualization of value in business-to-business markets persists. This paper develops an integrative framework that identifies the various conceptualizations of value and maps the most often cited value papers published in IMM on this framework. The integrative framework makes distinctions between the value beneficiary (i.e., collective and individual value perceptions), the underlying value perspective (i.e., customers' and suppliers' value perceptions), and the reference object of value (i.e., transactional value based on expectations or experiences, and value of relationships). Positioning the IMM citation classics papers on this integrative framework allows us to identify core areas and promising research avenues for this key concept. In particular, we identify a need to further explore individual actors' value perceptions and the usage processes that lead to experienced value in use in business markets.

Journal of Marketing, 2018

As franchise systems expand, the clustering and resulting proximity of same-brand outlets often b... more As franchise systems expand, the clustering and resulting proximity of same-brand outlets often become contentious issues. The increased interactions among outlets may facilitate knowledge sharing, even while inducing intrabrand competition. Prior research has considered each possibility—knowledge sharing or intrabrand competition—in isolation, resulting in conflicting recommendations to the central question of whether multiple same-brand outlets should be close to or distant from one another. In this study, the authors take the perspective of the focal outlet and show that the opportunity to share knowledge afforded by clustering-based proximity may or may not be realized, depending on the motivation and ability of the proximal outlets to share knowledge, the focal outlet's ability to absorb knowledge, and the governance context. An analysis of more than 8,000 observations on the 988 outlets of a U.S.-based automotive service franchise system from 1977 to 2012, and correspondin...

IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, 2019

In this paper, we propose a model-free solution to the linear quadratic regulation (LQR) problem ... more In this paper, we propose a model-free solution to the linear quadratic regulation (LQR) problem of continuoustime systems based on reinforcement learning using dynamic output feedback. The design objective is to learn the optimal control parameters by using only the measurable input-output data, without requiring model information. A state parametrization scheme is presented which reconstructs the system state based on the filtered input and output signals. Based on this parametrization, two new output feedback adaptive dynamic programming Bellman equations are derived for the LQR problem based on policy iteration and value iteration (VI). Unlike the existing output feedback methods for continuous-time systems, the need to apply discrete approximation is obviated. In contrast with the static output feedback controllers, the proposed method can also handle systems that are state feedback stabilizable but not static output feedback stabilizable. An advantage of this scheme is that it stands immune to the exploration bias issue. Moreover, it does not require a discounted cost function and, thus, ensures the closed-loop stability and the optimality of the solution. Compared with earlier output feedback results, the proposed VI method does not require an initially stabilizing policy. We show that the estimates of the control parameters converge to those obtained by solving the LQR algebraic Riccati equation. A comprehensive simulation study is carried out to verify the proposed algorithms. Index Terms-Adaptive dynamic programming (ADP), linear quadratic regulator (LQR), output feedback, reinforcement learning (RL). I. INTRODUCTION A DAPTATION and learning are recognized as the key elements for the survival of living organisms. Inspired by this natural behavior, reinforcement learning (RL) has come out as a promising technique in the area of computational intelligence. RL methods enable solving dynamic optimization problems arising in diverse fields, including economics, engineering, and computer science. Owing to the optimal and adaptive nature of RL algorithms, there has been increased interest in RL-based automatic control in the control theory Manuscript

PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 2015

Leaders in the pharmaceutical, medical device, and food industries expressed a unilateral concern... more Leaders in the pharmaceutical, medical device, and food industries expressed a unilateral concern over product confidence throughout the total product lifecycle, an unsettling fact for these leaders to manage given that their products affect the lives of millions of people each year. Fueled by the heparin incident of intentional adulteration in 2008, initial efforts for increasing product confidence were focused on improving the confidence of incoming materials, with a belief that supplier performance must be the root cause. As in the heparin case, concern over supplier performance extended deep into the supply chain to include suppliers of the suppliers—which is often a blind spot for pharmaceutical, device, and food manufacturers. Resolved to address the perceived lack of supplier performance, these U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-regulated industries began to adopt the supplier relationship management strategy, developed by the automotive industry, that emphasizes “management” of suppliers for the betterment of the manufacturers. Current product and supplier management strategies, however, have not led to a significant improvement in product confidence. As a result of the enduring concern by industry leaders over the lack of product confidence, Xavier University launched the Integrity of Supply Initiative in 2012 with a team of industry leaders and FDA officials. Through a methodical research approach, data generated by the pharmaceutical, medical device, and food manufacturers surprisingly pointed to themselves as a source of the lack of product confidence, and revealed that manufacturers either unknowingly increase the potential for error or can control/prevent many aspects of product confidence failure. It is only through this paradigm shift that manufacturers can work collaboratively with their suppliers as equal partners, instead of viewing their suppliers as “lesser” entities needing to be controlled. The basis of this shift provides manufacturers with a newfound respect for their suppliers, and it will allow manufacturers to finally address true root causes that can lead to a marked increase in product confidence. LAY ABSTRACT: In the past decade, pharmaceutical, medical device, and food manufacturers have increased their focus on controlling and managing the performance of their suppliers in an effort to improve the confidence of the materials going into the final marketed products and to improve patient and customer confidence in final product reliability and safety. Concerned that product confidence has not improved, Xavier University launched the Integrity of Supply Initiative in 2012 with a team of industry leaders and U.S. Food and Drug Administration officials. Through this initiative, data generated has revealed that manufacturers either unknowingly increase the potential for error or can control/prevent many aspects of product confidence failure. Product confidence can be improved by shifting the focus from controlling supplier practices to controlling the practices of the manufacturers themselves.

Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science, 2014

The success in inter-organizational relationships is critical for firms in their efforts to creat... more The success in inter-organizational relationships is critical for firms in their efforts to create value for downstream partners and success for themselves. Premature dissolution of these relationships results in the unnecessary expenditure of valuable resources, a breakdown in the ability to provide quality products and services to customers, and the premature disposal of idiosyncratic investments thus decreasing the value of the company’s products and services (Hakansson, 1989; Mohr and Spekman, 1994; Morgan and Hunt, 1994). Therefore, understanding how to effectively maintain network relationships is critical to the firm’s value proposition.

Revista de Ciências da Administração, 2008

As the Internet continues to evolve across the globe, the importance of understanding the similar... more As the Internet continues to evolve across the globe, the importance of understanding the similarities and dissimilarities among consumers in different regions is crucial for bothe marketing theory and practice. The authors report the characteristics of Internet shoppers in six countries (United States, England, New Zealand, China, Brazil, and Bulgaria). Internet shoppers and non-shoppers in these countries are profiled and compared on attitudes, motivations, and demographics. The work extends the research of Donthu and Garcia (1999) into an international realm and seeks to build on our current knowledge in this area. Findings show that online shoppers share many similar traits around the world. Internet shoppers in all the countries examined are similar with regard to their desire for convenience, are more impulsive, have more favorable attitudes towards direct marketing and advertising, are wealthier and are heavier users of both email and the Internet.

Psychological Reports, 2008

Compulsive buying is an important construct in marketing that has far-reaching personal and socia... more Compulsive buying is an important construct in marketing that has far-reaching personal and social implications. The profile of the adult compulsive buyer in the literature is based largely on the 1992 Faber and O'Guinn Compulsive Buying Scale. A second compulsive buying scale by Edwards has also been used but sparingly. Empirical research conducted over that past 15 years with these two scales shows that, although both scales were designed to measure compulsive buying, the two appear to be different operationalizations of the construct. The present review raises several psychometric issues about both scales. Their robustness is crucial to a clear understanding of the antecedents and consequences of compulsive buying. Directions for research are added.

Journal of Small Business Management, 2012

Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 2006

This study examines students' use of technology for learning (accessing the course Web site to do... more This study examines students' use of technology for learning (accessing the course Web site to download PowerPoint slides for note taking and exam preparation) relative to more traditional learning methods (reading the textbook and taking notes in class and from the textbook) and the effect of their learning strategies on exam performance and class attendance. Students who were categorized as high on use of technology and low on traditional learning methods or low on technology and high on traditional learning methods exhibited higher attendance and performance than those students categorized as high or low on both technology and traditional learning methods. Results suggest that there is more than one path for optimal exam performance.