Vololoniaina Jeannoda - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Vololoniaina Jeannoda

Madagascar Conservation & Development, 2022

Grasses are one of the best documented plant families worldwide in terms of taxonomy, but they ar... more Grasses are one of the best documented plant families worldwide in terms of taxonomy, but they are still poorly known in Madagascar. Our understanding of their diversity remains incomplete since grasses and grasslands are assumed by many tobe weeds and degraded wastelands. This project aimed to list thegrasses in Isalo National Park (NP) in order to understand theirdiversity and endemicity, as well as the history of Isalo’s grasslands. Examination of herbarium specimens and new field inventories allowed us to confirm 589 records of grass occurrences in ourstudy area. They were assigned to 112 species, of which 38 species are new records for Isalo NP. The Isalo grass flora includes seven of the eleven Poaceae subfamilies present in Madagascar and is particularly rich in Panicoideae, which make up 65% of the species. Nearly 22% of the grass species of Isalo are endemic to Madagascar, of which three species and one variety are restricted to Isalo massif, including two unusual ground co...

Journal of Systematics and Evolution

The leafless Vanilla species complex from the SouthWest Indian Ocean (SWIO) region has long been ... more The leafless Vanilla species complex from the SouthWest Indian Ocean (SWIO) region has long been a taxonomic challenge, due to limited patterns of morphological differentiation and an absence of variation within chloroplast sequences. This complex includes seven known morphospecies: V. madagascariensis, V. bosseri, V. decaryana, and V. perrieri endemic to Madagascar, V. humblotii presumed as endemic to the Comoros Archipelago, but also present in Madagascar, V. roscheri from the East African coast, and V. phalaenopsis endemic to Seychelles. A previous population genetic study using microsatellite markers allowed us to distinguish, in addition to the five recognized Malagasy taxa, two other genetic clusters present in the East of the island. An integrative taxonomy approach was therefore conducted by combining microsatellite and morphological data used in the previous study with new data sets, and by adding ITS sequencing data, to validate the taxonomic level of these Malagasy genetic clusters and unravel phylogenetic relationships between SWIO species. As a result, based on phylogenetic, genotypic and morphological evidence, nine species were discriminated in the SWIO region, including seven in Madagascar, with two new eastern species. The leafless Vanilla group originated and diversified in Madagascar, from an ancestor of African descent, with three subsequent independent colonization events from Madagascar to the other territories of SWIO within the two main lineages (white versus yellow flower species). The new Malagasy species, V. allorgeae Andriamihaja & Pailler sp. nov., and V. atsinananensis Andriamihaja & Pailler sp. nov., are described and a new identification key is proposed.

Ecology and Evolution

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which... more This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Endemic and introduced species of Malagasy yams (Dioscorea spp.) have been studied in the dry wes... more Endemic and introduced species of Malagasy yams (Dioscorea spp.) have been studied in the dry western area (Menabe central, near Morondava) where diversity is high, taking into account the occurrence of new species recently described. A comparison with a humid area of the eastern slopes of the country (around Brickaville) shows a striking difference in terms of diversity. However, in the humid area, the cultivated yams (especially Dioscorea alata) introduced by the fi rst Indo-Malay settlers are abundant in shifting cultivations, together with the wild species, and the various cultivars have been maintained thanks to a sociocultural system that implies an obligation of replanting the head of the tuber after cropping. Such an agro-ecosystem has a global production of the same order of magnitude as those of central Africa. Densities of the different species of yams have been measured on plots of the study areas. The sustainable utilization of the various yam species may differ, especi...

FIG. 1. — Vegetative and reproductive (excluding female floral) morphology in Dioscorea buckleyan... more FIG. 1. — Vegetative and reproductive (excluding female floral) morphology in Dioscorea buckleyana Wilkin: A, habit, showing a node, the petiole, upper and lower leaf surfaces and an infructescence; B, detail of a node and petiole, showing the undulate petiole wing and lateral nodal flange; C, a node with an axillary male inflorescence; D, a cymule (appearing to be one cymule above another due to very short cymule branches) showing the cymule bract, floral bracts and pedicels; E, male flower with two tepals and two stamens removed showing the torus, remaining stamens and pistillode; F, intact male flower viewed from above; G, seed and seed wing; H, capsule showing exocarp extending beyond thickened endocarp margin on each wing giving an appearance like a submarginal vein; I, apical region of current and previous growing season tuber and stem base. Drawn from Veyret 1301 (A, C, D), Humbert 19119 (E-H) and photographs of Hladik 6820 and 6821 (B, I) by Lucy Smith. Scale bar: A-C, 2.5 c...

FIG. 2. — Vegetative and reproductive (excluding female floral) morphology in Dioscorea sambirane... more FIG. 2. — Vegetative and reproductive (excluding female floral) morphology in Dioscorea sambiranensis R.Knuth subsp. bardotiae Wilkin: A, habit, showing two nodes, the petiole, upper and lower leaf surfaces and a male inflorescence; B, habit, showing a node, upper leaf surface, an infructescence and its capsules; C, a node,side view,showing the lateral nodal organs; D, the horizontally oriented pubescence on the veins of the leaf lower surface; E, a cymule of a male inflorescence; F, a male half flower showing three tepals, three stamens and the shape of the torus; G, the torus of the male flower viewed from above, tepals removed, showing the insertion of the anther and the lacunae between the lobes of the pistillode (dark areas); H, male flower viewed from the side, three tepals removed showing the anthers and pistillode; I, the capsule of D. sambiranensis subsp. sambiranensis for comparison with B. Drawn from Bardot Vaucoulon 274 (A, C-H), Lewis et al. 1134 (B) and Humbert 25450 (...

FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic tree resulting from the RAxML analysis of ITS and ATPase regions of the ge... more FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic tree resulting from the RAxML analysis of ITS and ATPase regions of the genus Gloeocantharellus. Bootstrap values ≥ 50 % are indicated above branches. Newly described species are in bold.

FIGURE 2. a. Basidiomata, b. Basidiospores in Cotton Blue, c. Gloeocystidia with contents in KOH ... more FIGURE 2. a. Basidiomata, b. Basidiospores in Cotton Blue, c. Gloeocystidia with contents in KOH d. Gloeocystidia without contents of Gloeocantharellus andasibensis in KOH (Holotype MAF18-226 (TAN!), Isotype K(M) 255527(K!)). Photographs: T. Niskanen and A. Ralaiveloarisoa. Scale bars a = 1 cm, b–d = 10 µm.

Guide dâ entretien utilisĂŠ. (PDF 15 kb)

Raw data from the genotyping of 7 microsatellite loci from 611 samples of leafless Vanilla specie... more Raw data from the genotyping of 7 microsatellite loci from 611 samples of leafless Vanilla species and from morphological measurement from 198 samples of leafless Vanilla flowers used in Andriamihaja et al., in prep, Drivers of population divergence and species differentiation in a recent group of indigenous orchids (Vanilla spp.) in Madagascar

The clove tree (Syzygium aromaticum) is an evergreen tree from the Myrtaceae family introduced in... more The clove tree (Syzygium aromaticum) is an evergreen tree from the Myrtaceae family introduced in Madagascar in the nineteenth century. It is cultivated for two products of high economic value: cloves and essential oil. Madagascar rates second in terms of worldwide clove production with an annual production varying between 10000 and 15000 tons. It is the first exporting country for cloves. This cash crop provides incomes to 60000 small growers in the Malagasy East coast. Nevertheless, clove tree is prone to irregular flowering, and therefore irregular clove production. This affects the growers incomes, as well as the whole industry. Very little is known about this issue as clove tree is not a well-documented species. Some authors mentioned that rainfall at specific periods of the year may impact negatively flowering. Preliminary field observations suggested that flowering is affected by factors at environmental and at tree scales. Based on this knowledge, an on-farm research program...

La diversification des especes vegetales de Madagascar a-t-elle ete limitee par la surface relati... more La diversification des especes vegetales de Madagascar a-t-elle ete limitee par la surface relativement reduite de cette ile, comparee aux blocs continentaux? Nous proposons une approche des aspects de la diversification des especes a Madagascar - et de l'intensite de cette diversification - basee sur une serie de releves dans differents types de forets. Ces releves portent sur: l'ouest de Madagascar ou tous les arbres de plus de 30 cm de circonference ont ete identifies sur 0,93 ha dans la foret seche caducifoliee de Kirindy (CFPF, a 50 km au nord de Morondava; altitude 20 a 100 m); la foret sempervirente du plateau a Ambohitantely (a 130 km au nord de Tananarive; altitude 1 550 m) ou les tiges de plus de 5 cm de diametre ont ete repertoriees sur 0,7 ha; la foret sempervirente de montagne, a Anamalazaotra (pres de Perinet, a 140 km a l'est de Tananarive; altitude 1 000 m) ou les tiges de plus de 5 cm de diametre ont ete repertoriees sur 0,51 ha. Chaque tige ayant ete ma...

Pour accompagner le developpement actuel de la culture des ignames a Madagascar, l'estimation... more Pour accompagner le developpement actuel de la culture des ignames a Madagascar, l'estimation de la prevalence et la caracterisation partielle des viroses presentes sur les ignames cultivees de parcelles paysannes de certaines regions productrices du pays ont ete realisees. Des tests PCR ont permis de detecter le Dioscorea bacilliform virus (badnavirus) sur les trois especes d'ignames les plus frequemment rencontrees, Dioscorea alata, D. bulbifera et D. esculenta. Le sequencage partiel de ces virus a permis de reveler la presence d'au moins dix souches distinctes reparties dans six des treize groupes genetiques de DBV. Plus problematique pour ses effets sur le rendement, une souche originale de Yam mild mosaic virus (potyvirus) a egalement ete mise en evidence par RT-PCR sur une plante D. alata. Compte tenu de la presence constatee de virus, des mesures de selection sanitaire, incluant destruction des plants infectes, selection et indexation des plants-meres, mise en pla...

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2020

The ecology of Madagascar's grasslands is under-investigated and the dearth of ecological und... more The ecology of Madagascar's grasslands is under-investigated and the dearth of ecological understanding of how disturbance by fire and grazing shapes these grasslands stems from a perception that disturbance shaped Malagasy grasslands only after human arrival. However, worldwide, fire and grazing shape tropical grasslands over ecological and evolutionary timescales, and it is curious Madagascar should be a global anomaly. We examined the functional and community ecology of Madagascar's grasslands across 71 communities in the Central Highlands. Combining multivariate abundance models of community composition and clustering of grass functional traits, we identified distinct grass assemblages each shaped by fire or grazing. The fire-maintained assemblage is primarily composed of tall caespitose species with narrow leaves and low bulk density. By contrast, the grazer-maintained assemblage is characterized by mat-forming, high bulk density grasses with wide leaves. Within each as...

Kew Bulletin, 2009

A new species of yam (Dioscorea orangeana Wilkin) is described and illustrated. It differs from D... more A new species of yam (Dioscorea orangeana Wilkin) is described and illustrated. It differs from D. comorensis R.Knuth by having undulate leaf margins and a broader torus and tepals in both the male and female flowers. In female flowers of D. orangeana the floral stipe between the ovary and the torus is shorter than in D. comorensis. The tuber morphology of the species is atypical among Malagasy species in that there are several digitate lobes rather than a single tuber per growing season, although more research is needed on tuber morphology. D. orangeana is reported to be edible. It is endemic to the Forêt d'Orangea near Diego Suarez (Antsiranana) in Antsiranana Préfecture. Its conservation and sustainable use are thus matters of concern.

Madagascar Conservation & Development, 2022

Grasses are one of the best documented plant families worldwide in terms of taxonomy, but they ar... more Grasses are one of the best documented plant families worldwide in terms of taxonomy, but they are still poorly known in Madagascar. Our understanding of their diversity remains incomplete since grasses and grasslands are assumed by many tobe weeds and degraded wastelands. This project aimed to list thegrasses in Isalo National Park (NP) in order to understand theirdiversity and endemicity, as well as the history of Isalo’s grasslands. Examination of herbarium specimens and new field inventories allowed us to confirm 589 records of grass occurrences in ourstudy area. They were assigned to 112 species, of which 38 species are new records for Isalo NP. The Isalo grass flora includes seven of the eleven Poaceae subfamilies present in Madagascar and is particularly rich in Panicoideae, which make up 65% of the species. Nearly 22% of the grass species of Isalo are endemic to Madagascar, of which three species and one variety are restricted to Isalo massif, including two unusual ground co...

Journal of Systematics and Evolution

The leafless Vanilla species complex from the SouthWest Indian Ocean (SWIO) region has long been ... more The leafless Vanilla species complex from the SouthWest Indian Ocean (SWIO) region has long been a taxonomic challenge, due to limited patterns of morphological differentiation and an absence of variation within chloroplast sequences. This complex includes seven known morphospecies: V. madagascariensis, V. bosseri, V. decaryana, and V. perrieri endemic to Madagascar, V. humblotii presumed as endemic to the Comoros Archipelago, but also present in Madagascar, V. roscheri from the East African coast, and V. phalaenopsis endemic to Seychelles. A previous population genetic study using microsatellite markers allowed us to distinguish, in addition to the five recognized Malagasy taxa, two other genetic clusters present in the East of the island. An integrative taxonomy approach was therefore conducted by combining microsatellite and morphological data used in the previous study with new data sets, and by adding ITS sequencing data, to validate the taxonomic level of these Malagasy genetic clusters and unravel phylogenetic relationships between SWIO species. As a result, based on phylogenetic, genotypic and morphological evidence, nine species were discriminated in the SWIO region, including seven in Madagascar, with two new eastern species. The leafless Vanilla group originated and diversified in Madagascar, from an ancestor of African descent, with three subsequent independent colonization events from Madagascar to the other territories of SWIO within the two main lineages (white versus yellow flower species). The new Malagasy species, V. allorgeae Andriamihaja & Pailler sp. nov., and V. atsinananensis Andriamihaja & Pailler sp. nov., are described and a new identification key is proposed.

Ecology and Evolution

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which... more This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Endemic and introduced species of Malagasy yams (Dioscorea spp.) have been studied in the dry wes... more Endemic and introduced species of Malagasy yams (Dioscorea spp.) have been studied in the dry western area (Menabe central, near Morondava) where diversity is high, taking into account the occurrence of new species recently described. A comparison with a humid area of the eastern slopes of the country (around Brickaville) shows a striking difference in terms of diversity. However, in the humid area, the cultivated yams (especially Dioscorea alata) introduced by the fi rst Indo-Malay settlers are abundant in shifting cultivations, together with the wild species, and the various cultivars have been maintained thanks to a sociocultural system that implies an obligation of replanting the head of the tuber after cropping. Such an agro-ecosystem has a global production of the same order of magnitude as those of central Africa. Densities of the different species of yams have been measured on plots of the study areas. The sustainable utilization of the various yam species may differ, especi...

FIG. 1. — Vegetative and reproductive (excluding female floral) morphology in Dioscorea buckleyan... more FIG. 1. — Vegetative and reproductive (excluding female floral) morphology in Dioscorea buckleyana Wilkin: A, habit, showing a node, the petiole, upper and lower leaf surfaces and an infructescence; B, detail of a node and petiole, showing the undulate petiole wing and lateral nodal flange; C, a node with an axillary male inflorescence; D, a cymule (appearing to be one cymule above another due to very short cymule branches) showing the cymule bract, floral bracts and pedicels; E, male flower with two tepals and two stamens removed showing the torus, remaining stamens and pistillode; F, intact male flower viewed from above; G, seed and seed wing; H, capsule showing exocarp extending beyond thickened endocarp margin on each wing giving an appearance like a submarginal vein; I, apical region of current and previous growing season tuber and stem base. Drawn from Veyret 1301 (A, C, D), Humbert 19119 (E-H) and photographs of Hladik 6820 and 6821 (B, I) by Lucy Smith. Scale bar: A-C, 2.5 c...

FIG. 2. — Vegetative and reproductive (excluding female floral) morphology in Dioscorea sambirane... more FIG. 2. — Vegetative and reproductive (excluding female floral) morphology in Dioscorea sambiranensis R.Knuth subsp. bardotiae Wilkin: A, habit, showing two nodes, the petiole, upper and lower leaf surfaces and a male inflorescence; B, habit, showing a node, upper leaf surface, an infructescence and its capsules; C, a node,side view,showing the lateral nodal organs; D, the horizontally oriented pubescence on the veins of the leaf lower surface; E, a cymule of a male inflorescence; F, a male half flower showing three tepals, three stamens and the shape of the torus; G, the torus of the male flower viewed from above, tepals removed, showing the insertion of the anther and the lacunae between the lobes of the pistillode (dark areas); H, male flower viewed from the side, three tepals removed showing the anthers and pistillode; I, the capsule of D. sambiranensis subsp. sambiranensis for comparison with B. Drawn from Bardot Vaucoulon 274 (A, C-H), Lewis et al. 1134 (B) and Humbert 25450 (...

FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic tree resulting from the RAxML analysis of ITS and ATPase regions of the ge... more FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic tree resulting from the RAxML analysis of ITS and ATPase regions of the genus Gloeocantharellus. Bootstrap values ≥ 50 % are indicated above branches. Newly described species are in bold.

FIGURE 2. a. Basidiomata, b. Basidiospores in Cotton Blue, c. Gloeocystidia with contents in KOH ... more FIGURE 2. a. Basidiomata, b. Basidiospores in Cotton Blue, c. Gloeocystidia with contents in KOH d. Gloeocystidia without contents of Gloeocantharellus andasibensis in KOH (Holotype MAF18-226 (TAN!), Isotype K(M) 255527(K!)). Photographs: T. Niskanen and A. Ralaiveloarisoa. Scale bars a = 1 cm, b–d = 10 µm.

Guide dâ entretien utilisĂŠ. (PDF 15 kb)

Raw data from the genotyping of 7 microsatellite loci from 611 samples of leafless Vanilla specie... more Raw data from the genotyping of 7 microsatellite loci from 611 samples of leafless Vanilla species and from morphological measurement from 198 samples of leafless Vanilla flowers used in Andriamihaja et al., in prep, Drivers of population divergence and species differentiation in a recent group of indigenous orchids (Vanilla spp.) in Madagascar

The clove tree (Syzygium aromaticum) is an evergreen tree from the Myrtaceae family introduced in... more The clove tree (Syzygium aromaticum) is an evergreen tree from the Myrtaceae family introduced in Madagascar in the nineteenth century. It is cultivated for two products of high economic value: cloves and essential oil. Madagascar rates second in terms of worldwide clove production with an annual production varying between 10000 and 15000 tons. It is the first exporting country for cloves. This cash crop provides incomes to 60000 small growers in the Malagasy East coast. Nevertheless, clove tree is prone to irregular flowering, and therefore irregular clove production. This affects the growers incomes, as well as the whole industry. Very little is known about this issue as clove tree is not a well-documented species. Some authors mentioned that rainfall at specific periods of the year may impact negatively flowering. Preliminary field observations suggested that flowering is affected by factors at environmental and at tree scales. Based on this knowledge, an on-farm research program...

La diversification des especes vegetales de Madagascar a-t-elle ete limitee par la surface relati... more La diversification des especes vegetales de Madagascar a-t-elle ete limitee par la surface relativement reduite de cette ile, comparee aux blocs continentaux? Nous proposons une approche des aspects de la diversification des especes a Madagascar - et de l'intensite de cette diversification - basee sur une serie de releves dans differents types de forets. Ces releves portent sur: l'ouest de Madagascar ou tous les arbres de plus de 30 cm de circonference ont ete identifies sur 0,93 ha dans la foret seche caducifoliee de Kirindy (CFPF, a 50 km au nord de Morondava; altitude 20 a 100 m); la foret sempervirente du plateau a Ambohitantely (a 130 km au nord de Tananarive; altitude 1 550 m) ou les tiges de plus de 5 cm de diametre ont ete repertoriees sur 0,7 ha; la foret sempervirente de montagne, a Anamalazaotra (pres de Perinet, a 140 km a l'est de Tananarive; altitude 1 000 m) ou les tiges de plus de 5 cm de diametre ont ete repertoriees sur 0,51 ha. Chaque tige ayant ete ma...

Pour accompagner le developpement actuel de la culture des ignames a Madagascar, l'estimation... more Pour accompagner le developpement actuel de la culture des ignames a Madagascar, l'estimation de la prevalence et la caracterisation partielle des viroses presentes sur les ignames cultivees de parcelles paysannes de certaines regions productrices du pays ont ete realisees. Des tests PCR ont permis de detecter le Dioscorea bacilliform virus (badnavirus) sur les trois especes d'ignames les plus frequemment rencontrees, Dioscorea alata, D. bulbifera et D. esculenta. Le sequencage partiel de ces virus a permis de reveler la presence d'au moins dix souches distinctes reparties dans six des treize groupes genetiques de DBV. Plus problematique pour ses effets sur le rendement, une souche originale de Yam mild mosaic virus (potyvirus) a egalement ete mise en evidence par RT-PCR sur une plante D. alata. Compte tenu de la presence constatee de virus, des mesures de selection sanitaire, incluant destruction des plants infectes, selection et indexation des plants-meres, mise en pla...

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2020

The ecology of Madagascar's grasslands is under-investigated and the dearth of ecological und... more The ecology of Madagascar's grasslands is under-investigated and the dearth of ecological understanding of how disturbance by fire and grazing shapes these grasslands stems from a perception that disturbance shaped Malagasy grasslands only after human arrival. However, worldwide, fire and grazing shape tropical grasslands over ecological and evolutionary timescales, and it is curious Madagascar should be a global anomaly. We examined the functional and community ecology of Madagascar's grasslands across 71 communities in the Central Highlands. Combining multivariate abundance models of community composition and clustering of grass functional traits, we identified distinct grass assemblages each shaped by fire or grazing. The fire-maintained assemblage is primarily composed of tall caespitose species with narrow leaves and low bulk density. By contrast, the grazer-maintained assemblage is characterized by mat-forming, high bulk density grasses with wide leaves. Within each as...

Kew Bulletin, 2009

A new species of yam (Dioscorea orangeana Wilkin) is described and illustrated. It differs from D... more A new species of yam (Dioscorea orangeana Wilkin) is described and illustrated. It differs from D. comorensis R.Knuth by having undulate leaf margins and a broader torus and tepals in both the male and female flowers. In female flowers of D. orangeana the floral stipe between the ovary and the torus is shorter than in D. comorensis. The tuber morphology of the species is atypical among Malagasy species in that there are several digitate lobes rather than a single tuber per growing season, although more research is needed on tuber morphology. D. orangeana is reported to be edible. It is endemic to the Forêt d'Orangea near Diego Suarez (Antsiranana) in Antsiranana Préfecture. Its conservation and sustainable use are thus matters of concern.