YUFRIDIN WAHAB - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by YUFRIDIN WAHAB

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021

Transdermal Iontophoretic Drug Delivery System (TIDDS) is a non-invasive method of systemic drug ... more Transdermal Iontophoretic Drug Delivery System (TIDDS) is a non-invasive method of systemic drug delivery that involves by applying a drug formulation to the skin. The drug penetrates through the stratum corneum, epidermis and dermis layers. Once the drug reaches the dermal layer, it is available for systemic absorption via dermal microcirculation. However, clinical testing of new drug developed for the iontophoretic system is a long and complex process. Recently, most of those major pharmaceutical companies have attempted to consider computer-based bio-simulation strategies as a means of generating the data necessary to help make a better decision. In this work, we used computational modelling to investigate the TIDDS behaviour. Our interest is to study the efficacy of drug diffusion through transdermal delivery, including the thermal effect on the skin. We found that drug will be delivered more efficiently if the electrical potential and the position of electrodes are optimum. We ...

Proceedings IMCS 2012, 2012

An electronic nose using of MIP (Molecularly Imprinted Polymer) array is developed to give a uniq... more An electronic nose using of MIP (Molecularly Imprinted Polymer) array is developed to give a unique fingerprint of mango volatiles when ripe. Volatiles such as α-pinene, γ-terpinene and terpinolene are found to be released during different stages of fruit maturity. Utilizing these different volatiles, MIPs templates were then synthesized and deposited onto the Interdigitated Electrode (IDE) platform to acquire a specific fingerprint of fruit maturity. It was found that the best composition ratio (Template: MAA: EGDMA) for IDE MIP Sensor is (1:5:20). When exposed to a specific mango volatiles, the IDE-MIP sensor array exhibited a specific sensitivity and high selectivity. These studies provide a potential solution for agriculture sector to improve the quality of harvest.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018

This paper presents the fabrication of MEMS cantilever using laser micromachine. This technique o... more This paper presents the fabrication of MEMS cantilever using laser micromachine. This technique of micromachining is able to overcome the problem limitations of conventional lithography. It also facilitates three-dimensional (3D) microfabrication rather than two dimensional (2D) microfabrication of conventional lithography. Prior to fabrication process, wet etching process using KOH solution are carried out on silicon wafer. Etching process is necessary to thin the silicon wafer for the laser micromachine purpose. The etch performance on silicon wafer was investigated by varying the concentration of potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution with respect to time. It can be seen that with higher KOH concentration and higher KOH solution temperature, the etch rate is higher and it will thin the silicon wafer faster. Even though it is beneficial when the time taken for the etching process is faster, this also resulted in a rougher wafer surface. The optimized etch rate is approximately 1µm/min which yield in low surface roughness. The optimized parameters of laser micromachining were implemented to produce MEMS cantilever. Silicon wafer is used because most of the MEMS devices are silicon-based substrate. Three types of microcantilever were fabricated using laser micromachine namely rectangular cantilever, T-shaped cantilever and triangular microcantilever. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and high power microscope (HPM) were used to obtain the surface morphology on the ablated area of the microcantilevers.

2014 IEEE Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences (IECBES), 2014

ABSTRACT Previously, single phase scaffold for bone tissue engineering were widely used for clini... more ABSTRACT Previously, single phase scaffold for bone tissue engineering were widely used for clinical applications. However, single phase scaffold is not sufficiently bioactive and lack of mechanical integrity, thus it was not suitable for such purpose. Hence, a new approach had been taken to produce composite scaffold by combining two or more biomaterials. Our goal is to fabricate gelatin-hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds which are expected to have similar structure and function as natural bone, thus improve the criteria of scaffolds for hard tissue application. The focus of this project is on the fabrication of porous gelatin-HA scaffolds by mixing different amount of HA (10wt%, 20wt%, 30wt%, 40wt%, 50wt %) with fixed amount of gelatin solution (5wt %) through solvent casting and particulate leaching technique. The microstructures, porosity, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds were analyzed. It was observed in this preliminary study that the pores with size of 0.80µm-40.5µm were produced through this experiment. The porosity of composite scaffold was found to decrease form 71% to 69% depending on the percentage addition of HA. The mechanical properties composite scaffolds were assessed and it was found that, the Young's Modulus of scaffolds were improved (2.3MPa, 4.9MPa, 9.3MPa, 25.3MPa and 31.4MPa) as the amount of HA increased. Thus, mechanical properties, porosity and size of pores were compromised by the addition of HA content in the composition.

2015 IEEE Regional Symposium on Micro and Nanoelectronics (RSM), 2015

This paper reports on the development of a piezoresistive microcantilever sensor read-out circuit... more This paper reports on the development of a piezoresistive microcantilever sensor read-out circuitry to detect acceleration, biological or chemical activities. Laser micromachining technique is used in fabricating the piezoresistive microcantilever sensor as well as assisting in the cantilever beam and piezoresistor shape formation. In order to test the sensor performance, a Wheatstone bridge which acts as resistive sensor is integrated with three other resistors and the fabricated sensor. A set of amplifier circuit consisting of INA128 is developed to amplify and extract the electrical signal component of the bridge circuit. The resistance and output voltage characteristic of the Wheatstone bridge is investigated, where the percentages difference between the calculated and measured output voltage is very low and similar to each other. The sensor response to vibration is also studied using an electro-dynamic vibration system. The system is designed specifically to enable the accessibility of a small resistivity change due to outside reaction.

2015 IEEE Regional Symposium on Micro and Nanoelectronics (RSM), 2015

Excimer laser micromachining enables us to overcome the conventional lithography-based microfabri... more Excimer laser micromachining enables us to overcome the conventional lithography-based microfabrication limitations and simplify the process of creating three dimensional (3D) microstructures. The objective of these study are to investigate the relation between frequency (f), number of laser pulse (P), fluence (F) and their etch performance. This paper presents a parametric characterization study on silicon using KrF excimer laser micromachining. From the result, the etch rate change were recorded as the three major laser parameters (frequency, number of pulse and fluence) were varied. From the results, we found that the fluence has the highest influence on silicon etching rate due to factors of photothermal and photochemical, while frequency and the number of laser pulses do not change the energy.

2015 IEEE Student Symposium in Biomedical Engineering & Sciences (ISSBES), 2015

Unexploited ambient vibration is scattered in the environment such as in the building, transporta... more Unexploited ambient vibration is scattered in the environment such as in the building, transportation, equipment or on the street. This untapped waste energy is low and varying in frequency and amplitude value. The wideband frequency MEMS Vibration Energy Harvesting (MVEH) is one of the preferable designs in harvesting or scavenging this ambient vibration energy. The energy harvested will be used for powering sensor node for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) application. In this paper, three different design of the wideband cantilever based structure MVEH is simulated and the result of the simulated natural frequency, stress, amplitude and potential is plotted and discussed. The TPM design is the best choice in delivering high energy and small in size compare with the BEM and ITE design.

Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2015

Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) piezoelectric transducer has been widely used as a mechanism... more Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) piezoelectric transducer has been widely used as a mechanism for converting mechanical vibration into electrical power energy harvester.This paper presents a simulation result of cantilever-type piezoelectric MEMS generator with four different profiles to characterize the ability in producing a maximum output power at low frequency ambient vibration.Zinc Oxide is chosen as the piezoelectric material during the simulation. The simulation was conducted using IntelliSense’s CAE tool to obtain the natural frequency, electrical potential, and the optimum length dimension for each profile. The simulation result shows an excellent performance from trapezoidal shapetransducer with the electrical potential of 0.914 V at low frequency of 79.92 Hz.

Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2015

Microring resonators side coupled to signal waveguides provide compact, narrow band, and large fr... more Microring resonators side coupled to signal waveguides provide compact, narrow band, and large free spectral range photonic channel dropping wavelength switch. Wavelength switch with improved passband characteristics and larger out-of-band signal rejection are realized through the coupling of rings. The analysis of these devices is demonstrated by the novel method of coupling. The response of switch comprised of different coupling gap may be written down by attenuation ratio.

Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2015

A layer of ZnO thin film was deposited repetitively 15 times on a silicon substrate by sol-gel sp... more A layer of ZnO thin film was deposited repetitively 15 times on a silicon substrate by sol-gel spin coating technique. The structural and electrical characteristic of the thin film was studied and presented. For structural characterization, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analysis were chosen while Semiconductor Parametric Analyzer (SPA) was used to measure the electrical characteristic. The ZnO thin film thickness were measured to be between 165 nm to 180 nm. The resistance increased proportionally with annealing temperature with the lowest value of 80Ω. Structurally, the grain sizes of the ZnO thin films increased with the increase in annealing temperature. The root mean square (RMS) and average surface roughness (Ra) were measured respectively.

Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2015

The ability to self-energize wireless sensor node promote the popularity of energy harvesting tec... more The ability to self-energize wireless sensor node promote the popularity of energy harvesting technique especially by using ambient vibration as the source of energy. In addition, the successful integration of the energy harvesting element on the same wafer as a wireless sensor node will promote the production in the MEMS scale and will reduce the overall cost of production. The usage of the cantilever structure as the transducer for converting mechanical energy (vibration) due to deflection of cantilever into the electrical energy is possible by depositing piezoelectric material on the cantilever. The usage of cantilever provide the simplest way for fabrication in the MEMS scale and also provide the ability to achieve low natural frequency. This paper present the work done on the simulation of the cantilever structure with the top end and back etch proof mass towards achieving low natural frequency in the MEMS scale by using IntelliSuite software.

2011 4th International Conference on Mechatronics (ICOM), 2011

ABSTRACT Mobility stage, hidden chronic disease and aging effect can be detected by use of gait p... more ABSTRACT Mobility stage, hidden chronic disease and aging effect can be detected by use of gait pattern. The gait pattern is normally directly related to the foot and leg health, in addition to other significant factors. Therefore the foot is the most important part of gait system and thus directly affects the gait pattern. This paper reports the development of microsystem based portable shoe integrated gait analysis instrumentation. This paper begins with the related literature where the requirement is introduced. The explanation on the system architecture follows next that describes sensor properties and proposed sensor placement. Next, is a section that explains the experimental setup using the proposed instrumentation which is then followed by the results section. Finally, this paper shares the planned future works.

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2015

ABSTRACT Formation of ''intrinsic'' surface defects during 248 nm... more ABSTRACT Formation of ''intrinsic'' surface defects during 248 nm photoablation of polyimide J. Appl. Phys. 73, 3001 (1993)

2013 UKSim 15th International Conference on Computer Modelling and Simulation, 2013

ABSTRACT Gait analysis measurement is a method to access and identify gait events and the measure... more ABSTRACT Gait analysis measurement is a method to access and identify gait events and the measurements of dynamic and motion parameters involving the lower part of body. This significant method is widely used in sports, rehabilitation as well as the health diagnostic towards improving the quality of life. Many researchers has proposed various ways to access gait features that require specially set-up motion laboratories, highend video based-motion imaging systems, and professionals to visually observe the gait, this makes current way of accessing gait to be very costly and limited in many ways.Therefore, this research focuses on design and development of a portable shoe integrated wireless MEMS-based and recent microelectronic based foot clearance measurement system that is cheap, portable, real life and can be used by more people. The foot clearance measurement is representing the measurement of the distance between foot and ground. The clearance measured by an ultrasonic sensor. The system was tested and proven to satisfy the gait analysis requirement.

2009 International Conference on Microelectronics - ICM, 2009

In our modern living era, pressure sensing is one of the most performed measurements to enhance t... more In our modern living era, pressure sensing is one of the most performed measurements to enhance the quality of life. The more advanced technology such as silicon based Micro-electro-mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology is usually explored due to its competitive cost and proven performance. We have explored and implemented the design of MEMS micro pressure sensor on silicon for biomedical applications.

2013 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CEAT), 2013

ABSTRACT Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is the third generation of solar cell which comprises o... more ABSTRACT Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is the third generation of solar cell which comprises of semiconductor electrode, counter electrode and electrolyte. It utilizes the advantage of the wide band gap semiconductor that sensitized to the light. This paper presents the fabrication of DSSC using natural dyes that extracted from mangosteen pericarp and maqui berry. Before depositing the semiconductor electrode, Titanium Dioxide (TiO2), a pattern of lines on conductive side of Indium Thin Oxide (ITO) glass is developed using Krypton Fluoride (KrF) excimer laser RapidX 250 at AMBIENCE lab. For the analysis, the absorption of the dyes is compared by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. While, the performance of the patterned DSSC in terms of fill factor, efficiency, current density is investigated by using digital multimeter. As the result, this paper proves that the efficiency of the patterned DSSC is improved for both of the dyes.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021

Transdermal Iontophoretic Drug Delivery System (TIDDS) is a non-invasive method of systemic drug ... more Transdermal Iontophoretic Drug Delivery System (TIDDS) is a non-invasive method of systemic drug delivery that involves by applying a drug formulation to the skin. The drug penetrates through the stratum corneum, epidermis and dermis layers. Once the drug reaches the dermal layer, it is available for systemic absorption via dermal microcirculation. However, clinical testing of new drug developed for the iontophoretic system is a long and complex process. Recently, most of those major pharmaceutical companies have attempted to consider computer-based bio-simulation strategies as a means of generating the data necessary to help make a better decision. In this work, we used computational modelling to investigate the TIDDS behaviour. Our interest is to study the efficacy of drug diffusion through transdermal delivery, including the thermal effect on the skin. We found that drug will be delivered more efficiently if the electrical potential and the position of electrodes are optimum. We ...

Proceedings IMCS 2012, 2012

An electronic nose using of MIP (Molecularly Imprinted Polymer) array is developed to give a uniq... more An electronic nose using of MIP (Molecularly Imprinted Polymer) array is developed to give a unique fingerprint of mango volatiles when ripe. Volatiles such as α-pinene, γ-terpinene and terpinolene are found to be released during different stages of fruit maturity. Utilizing these different volatiles, MIPs templates were then synthesized and deposited onto the Interdigitated Electrode (IDE) platform to acquire a specific fingerprint of fruit maturity. It was found that the best composition ratio (Template: MAA: EGDMA) for IDE MIP Sensor is (1:5:20). When exposed to a specific mango volatiles, the IDE-MIP sensor array exhibited a specific sensitivity and high selectivity. These studies provide a potential solution for agriculture sector to improve the quality of harvest.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018

This paper presents the fabrication of MEMS cantilever using laser micromachine. This technique o... more This paper presents the fabrication of MEMS cantilever using laser micromachine. This technique of micromachining is able to overcome the problem limitations of conventional lithography. It also facilitates three-dimensional (3D) microfabrication rather than two dimensional (2D) microfabrication of conventional lithography. Prior to fabrication process, wet etching process using KOH solution are carried out on silicon wafer. Etching process is necessary to thin the silicon wafer for the laser micromachine purpose. The etch performance on silicon wafer was investigated by varying the concentration of potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution with respect to time. It can be seen that with higher KOH concentration and higher KOH solution temperature, the etch rate is higher and it will thin the silicon wafer faster. Even though it is beneficial when the time taken for the etching process is faster, this also resulted in a rougher wafer surface. The optimized etch rate is approximately 1µm/min which yield in low surface roughness. The optimized parameters of laser micromachining were implemented to produce MEMS cantilever. Silicon wafer is used because most of the MEMS devices are silicon-based substrate. Three types of microcantilever were fabricated using laser micromachine namely rectangular cantilever, T-shaped cantilever and triangular microcantilever. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and high power microscope (HPM) were used to obtain the surface morphology on the ablated area of the microcantilevers.

2014 IEEE Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences (IECBES), 2014

ABSTRACT Previously, single phase scaffold for bone tissue engineering were widely used for clini... more ABSTRACT Previously, single phase scaffold for bone tissue engineering were widely used for clinical applications. However, single phase scaffold is not sufficiently bioactive and lack of mechanical integrity, thus it was not suitable for such purpose. Hence, a new approach had been taken to produce composite scaffold by combining two or more biomaterials. Our goal is to fabricate gelatin-hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds which are expected to have similar structure and function as natural bone, thus improve the criteria of scaffolds for hard tissue application. The focus of this project is on the fabrication of porous gelatin-HA scaffolds by mixing different amount of HA (10wt%, 20wt%, 30wt%, 40wt%, 50wt %) with fixed amount of gelatin solution (5wt %) through solvent casting and particulate leaching technique. The microstructures, porosity, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds were analyzed. It was observed in this preliminary study that the pores with size of 0.80µm-40.5µm were produced through this experiment. The porosity of composite scaffold was found to decrease form 71% to 69% depending on the percentage addition of HA. The mechanical properties composite scaffolds were assessed and it was found that, the Young's Modulus of scaffolds were improved (2.3MPa, 4.9MPa, 9.3MPa, 25.3MPa and 31.4MPa) as the amount of HA increased. Thus, mechanical properties, porosity and size of pores were compromised by the addition of HA content in the composition.

2015 IEEE Regional Symposium on Micro and Nanoelectronics (RSM), 2015

This paper reports on the development of a piezoresistive microcantilever sensor read-out circuit... more This paper reports on the development of a piezoresistive microcantilever sensor read-out circuitry to detect acceleration, biological or chemical activities. Laser micromachining technique is used in fabricating the piezoresistive microcantilever sensor as well as assisting in the cantilever beam and piezoresistor shape formation. In order to test the sensor performance, a Wheatstone bridge which acts as resistive sensor is integrated with three other resistors and the fabricated sensor. A set of amplifier circuit consisting of INA128 is developed to amplify and extract the electrical signal component of the bridge circuit. The resistance and output voltage characteristic of the Wheatstone bridge is investigated, where the percentages difference between the calculated and measured output voltage is very low and similar to each other. The sensor response to vibration is also studied using an electro-dynamic vibration system. The system is designed specifically to enable the accessibility of a small resistivity change due to outside reaction.

2015 IEEE Regional Symposium on Micro and Nanoelectronics (RSM), 2015

Excimer laser micromachining enables us to overcome the conventional lithography-based microfabri... more Excimer laser micromachining enables us to overcome the conventional lithography-based microfabrication limitations and simplify the process of creating three dimensional (3D) microstructures. The objective of these study are to investigate the relation between frequency (f), number of laser pulse (P), fluence (F) and their etch performance. This paper presents a parametric characterization study on silicon using KrF excimer laser micromachining. From the result, the etch rate change were recorded as the three major laser parameters (frequency, number of pulse and fluence) were varied. From the results, we found that the fluence has the highest influence on silicon etching rate due to factors of photothermal and photochemical, while frequency and the number of laser pulses do not change the energy.

2015 IEEE Student Symposium in Biomedical Engineering & Sciences (ISSBES), 2015

Unexploited ambient vibration is scattered in the environment such as in the building, transporta... more Unexploited ambient vibration is scattered in the environment such as in the building, transportation, equipment or on the street. This untapped waste energy is low and varying in frequency and amplitude value. The wideband frequency MEMS Vibration Energy Harvesting (MVEH) is one of the preferable designs in harvesting or scavenging this ambient vibration energy. The energy harvested will be used for powering sensor node for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) application. In this paper, three different design of the wideband cantilever based structure MVEH is simulated and the result of the simulated natural frequency, stress, amplitude and potential is plotted and discussed. The TPM design is the best choice in delivering high energy and small in size compare with the BEM and ITE design.

Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2015

Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) piezoelectric transducer has been widely used as a mechanism... more Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) piezoelectric transducer has been widely used as a mechanism for converting mechanical vibration into electrical power energy harvester.This paper presents a simulation result of cantilever-type piezoelectric MEMS generator with four different profiles to characterize the ability in producing a maximum output power at low frequency ambient vibration.Zinc Oxide is chosen as the piezoelectric material during the simulation. The simulation was conducted using IntelliSense’s CAE tool to obtain the natural frequency, electrical potential, and the optimum length dimension for each profile. The simulation result shows an excellent performance from trapezoidal shapetransducer with the electrical potential of 0.914 V at low frequency of 79.92 Hz.

Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2015

Microring resonators side coupled to signal waveguides provide compact, narrow band, and large fr... more Microring resonators side coupled to signal waveguides provide compact, narrow band, and large free spectral range photonic channel dropping wavelength switch. Wavelength switch with improved passband characteristics and larger out-of-band signal rejection are realized through the coupling of rings. The analysis of these devices is demonstrated by the novel method of coupling. The response of switch comprised of different coupling gap may be written down by attenuation ratio.

Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2015

A layer of ZnO thin film was deposited repetitively 15 times on a silicon substrate by sol-gel sp... more A layer of ZnO thin film was deposited repetitively 15 times on a silicon substrate by sol-gel spin coating technique. The structural and electrical characteristic of the thin film was studied and presented. For structural characterization, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analysis were chosen while Semiconductor Parametric Analyzer (SPA) was used to measure the electrical characteristic. The ZnO thin film thickness were measured to be between 165 nm to 180 nm. The resistance increased proportionally with annealing temperature with the lowest value of 80Ω. Structurally, the grain sizes of the ZnO thin films increased with the increase in annealing temperature. The root mean square (RMS) and average surface roughness (Ra) were measured respectively.

Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2015

The ability to self-energize wireless sensor node promote the popularity of energy harvesting tec... more The ability to self-energize wireless sensor node promote the popularity of energy harvesting technique especially by using ambient vibration as the source of energy. In addition, the successful integration of the energy harvesting element on the same wafer as a wireless sensor node will promote the production in the MEMS scale and will reduce the overall cost of production. The usage of the cantilever structure as the transducer for converting mechanical energy (vibration) due to deflection of cantilever into the electrical energy is possible by depositing piezoelectric material on the cantilever. The usage of cantilever provide the simplest way for fabrication in the MEMS scale and also provide the ability to achieve low natural frequency. This paper present the work done on the simulation of the cantilever structure with the top end and back etch proof mass towards achieving low natural frequency in the MEMS scale by using IntelliSuite software.

2011 4th International Conference on Mechatronics (ICOM), 2011

ABSTRACT Mobility stage, hidden chronic disease and aging effect can be detected by use of gait p... more ABSTRACT Mobility stage, hidden chronic disease and aging effect can be detected by use of gait pattern. The gait pattern is normally directly related to the foot and leg health, in addition to other significant factors. Therefore the foot is the most important part of gait system and thus directly affects the gait pattern. This paper reports the development of microsystem based portable shoe integrated gait analysis instrumentation. This paper begins with the related literature where the requirement is introduced. The explanation on the system architecture follows next that describes sensor properties and proposed sensor placement. Next, is a section that explains the experimental setup using the proposed instrumentation which is then followed by the results section. Finally, this paper shares the planned future works.

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2015

ABSTRACT Formation of ''intrinsic'' surface defects during 248 nm... more ABSTRACT Formation of ''intrinsic'' surface defects during 248 nm photoablation of polyimide J. Appl. Phys. 73, 3001 (1993)

2013 UKSim 15th International Conference on Computer Modelling and Simulation, 2013

ABSTRACT Gait analysis measurement is a method to access and identify gait events and the measure... more ABSTRACT Gait analysis measurement is a method to access and identify gait events and the measurements of dynamic and motion parameters involving the lower part of body. This significant method is widely used in sports, rehabilitation as well as the health diagnostic towards improving the quality of life. Many researchers has proposed various ways to access gait features that require specially set-up motion laboratories, highend video based-motion imaging systems, and professionals to visually observe the gait, this makes current way of accessing gait to be very costly and limited in many ways.Therefore, this research focuses on design and development of a portable shoe integrated wireless MEMS-based and recent microelectronic based foot clearance measurement system that is cheap, portable, real life and can be used by more people. The foot clearance measurement is representing the measurement of the distance between foot and ground. The clearance measured by an ultrasonic sensor. The system was tested and proven to satisfy the gait analysis requirement.

2009 International Conference on Microelectronics - ICM, 2009

In our modern living era, pressure sensing is one of the most performed measurements to enhance t... more In our modern living era, pressure sensing is one of the most performed measurements to enhance the quality of life. The more advanced technology such as silicon based Micro-electro-mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology is usually explored due to its competitive cost and proven performance. We have explored and implemented the design of MEMS micro pressure sensor on silicon for biomedical applications.

2013 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CEAT), 2013

ABSTRACT Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is the third generation of solar cell which comprises o... more ABSTRACT Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is the third generation of solar cell which comprises of semiconductor electrode, counter electrode and electrolyte. It utilizes the advantage of the wide band gap semiconductor that sensitized to the light. This paper presents the fabrication of DSSC using natural dyes that extracted from mangosteen pericarp and maqui berry. Before depositing the semiconductor electrode, Titanium Dioxide (TiO2), a pattern of lines on conductive side of Indium Thin Oxide (ITO) glass is developed using Krypton Fluoride (KrF) excimer laser RapidX 250 at AMBIENCE lab. For the analysis, the absorption of the dyes is compared by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. While, the performance of the patterned DSSC in terms of fill factor, efficiency, current density is investigated by using digital multimeter. As the result, this paper proves that the efficiency of the patterned DSSC is improved for both of the dyes.