Waheed Afzal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Waheed Afzal
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, Apr 1, 2012
ABSTRACT Infinite-dilution activity coefficients and Henry’s constants for several organic solute... more ABSTRACT Infinite-dilution activity coefficients and Henry’s constants for several organic solutes in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [EMIM][Ac] were measured from T = 313 K to T = 413 K using two types of gas–liquid chromatography columns: packed columns and an open tubular wall-coated (OTWC) column. The organic solutes include n-hexane, 1-hexene, cyclohexane, heptane, benzene, toluene, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, nitromethane, 1,2-methoxyethane, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, t-butanol and t-amyl alcohol. Results using packed columns are in good agreement with those using the OTWC column. However, there is a useful advantage associated with an OTWC column: for solutes such as alcohols, that have strong interactions with the stationary phase, measurements are faster due to their shorter retention time compared to those in packed columns.
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, Mar 1, 2014
Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering, Apr 1, 2015
Aiche Journal, Apr 18, 2014
Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Jan 28, 2013
A small amount of water can significantly decrease the viscosity of an ionic liquid. From 25–80 º... more A small amount of water can significantly decrease the viscosity of an ionic liquid. From 25–80 ºC, densities and viscosities were measured for dilute solutions of water in six ionic liquids: trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate, trihexyltetradecylphosphonium dicyanamide, tributyltetradecylphosphonium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 1-ethyl,3-methylimidazolium bis(triflouromethylsulfonyl)imide, methyltrioctylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, and triisobutylmethylphosphonium tosylate. At 25 ºC, when the water content is about 1 wt. %, the viscosity of a phosphonium-based ionic liquid is reduced by nearly one order of magnitude.
Energy & Fuels, Feb 10, 2015
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, Feb 1, 2013
ABSTRACT Using a customized capillary gas–liquid chromatography column, Henry’s constants and act... more ABSTRACT Using a customized capillary gas–liquid chromatography column, Henry’s constants and activity coefficients at infinite dilution are reported for benzene, toluene, ethyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, acetonitrile, nitromethane, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol in ionic liquids 1-butyl,3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [BMIM][HSO4] and 1-methyl,3-trimethylsilylmethylimidazolium [SiMIM][Cl] chloride from 313 to 413 K. These acidic ionic liquids may provide suitable media for acid-catalyzed chemical reactions.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Jul 13, 2012
ABSTRACT Solubility parameters are useful for estimating solubilities of solutes in ionic liquids... more ABSTRACT Solubility parameters are useful for estimating solubilities of solutes in ionic liquids when no solubility data are available. Solubility parameters are reported for nine ionic liquids; they were obtained from solubility data for a variety of solutes. The ionic liquids are 1-butyl,3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, 1-ethyl,3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-methyl,3-trimethylsylilimidazolium chloride, 4-methyl,n-butylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate, ethylammonium nitrate, 1-ethyl,3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-methyl,3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-butyl,3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, and 1-ethyl,3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate.
Advances in engineering research, 2021
Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Jul 8, 2014
Journal of environmental chemical engineering, Dec 1, 2021
Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Aug 30, 2013
Experimental solubilities are reported for methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, and propylene in t... more Experimental solubilities are reported for methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, and propylene in trihexyl tetradecylphosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinate [P(14)666][TMPP] from 313 to 353 K up to 6.7 MPa. A literature review on solubilities of small hydrocarbons in ionic liquids shows that solubilities in [P(14)666][TMPP] are appreciably larger than those in other ionic liquids. Contrary to solubilities in ionic liquids studied earlier, solubilities of paraffins (ethane and propane) in [P(14)666][TMPP] are larger than those of the corresponding olefins (ethylene and propylene). Because, at fixed temperature, the vapor pressure of an olefin is larger than that of the corresponding paraffin, the relative volatility of the olefin exceeds that of the corresponding paraffin, contrary to the relative volatility observed in conventional extractive distillation with polar solvents where the volatility of the paraffin exceeds that of the corresponding olefin.
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, Apr 1, 2012
ABSTRACT Infinite-dilution activity coefficients and Henry’s constants for several organic solute... more ABSTRACT Infinite-dilution activity coefficients and Henry’s constants for several organic solutes in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [EMIM][Ac] were measured from T = 313 K to T = 413 K using two types of gas–liquid chromatography columns: packed columns and an open tubular wall-coated (OTWC) column. The organic solutes include n-hexane, 1-hexene, cyclohexane, heptane, benzene, toluene, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, nitromethane, 1,2-methoxyethane, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, t-butanol and t-amyl alcohol. Results using packed columns are in good agreement with those using the OTWC column. However, there is a useful advantage associated with an OTWC column: for solutes such as alcohols, that have strong interactions with the stationary phase, measurements are faster due to their shorter retention time compared to those in packed columns.
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, Mar 1, 2014
Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering, Apr 1, 2015
Aiche Journal, Apr 18, 2014
Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Jan 28, 2013
A small amount of water can significantly decrease the viscosity of an ionic liquid. From 25–80 º... more A small amount of water can significantly decrease the viscosity of an ionic liquid. From 25–80 ºC, densities and viscosities were measured for dilute solutions of water in six ionic liquids: trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate, trihexyltetradecylphosphonium dicyanamide, tributyltetradecylphosphonium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 1-ethyl,3-methylimidazolium bis(triflouromethylsulfonyl)imide, methyltrioctylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, and triisobutylmethylphosphonium tosylate. At 25 ºC, when the water content is about 1 wt. %, the viscosity of a phosphonium-based ionic liquid is reduced by nearly one order of magnitude.
Energy & Fuels, Feb 10, 2015
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, Feb 1, 2013
ABSTRACT Using a customized capillary gas–liquid chromatography column, Henry’s constants and act... more ABSTRACT Using a customized capillary gas–liquid chromatography column, Henry’s constants and activity coefficients at infinite dilution are reported for benzene, toluene, ethyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, acetonitrile, nitromethane, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol in ionic liquids 1-butyl,3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [BMIM][HSO4] and 1-methyl,3-trimethylsilylmethylimidazolium [SiMIM][Cl] chloride from 313 to 413 K. These acidic ionic liquids may provide suitable media for acid-catalyzed chemical reactions.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Jul 13, 2012
ABSTRACT Solubility parameters are useful for estimating solubilities of solutes in ionic liquids... more ABSTRACT Solubility parameters are useful for estimating solubilities of solutes in ionic liquids when no solubility data are available. Solubility parameters are reported for nine ionic liquids; they were obtained from solubility data for a variety of solutes. The ionic liquids are 1-butyl,3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, 1-ethyl,3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-methyl,3-trimethylsylilimidazolium chloride, 4-methyl,n-butylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate, ethylammonium nitrate, 1-ethyl,3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-methyl,3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-butyl,3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, and 1-ethyl,3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate.
Advances in engineering research, 2021
Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Jul 8, 2014
Journal of environmental chemical engineering, Dec 1, 2021
Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Aug 30, 2013
Experimental solubilities are reported for methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, and propylene in t... more Experimental solubilities are reported for methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, and propylene in trihexyl tetradecylphosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinate [P(14)666][TMPP] from 313 to 353 K up to 6.7 MPa. A literature review on solubilities of small hydrocarbons in ionic liquids shows that solubilities in [P(14)666][TMPP] are appreciably larger than those in other ionic liquids. Contrary to solubilities in ionic liquids studied earlier, solubilities of paraffins (ethane and propane) in [P(14)666][TMPP] are larger than those of the corresponding olefins (ethylene and propylene). Because, at fixed temperature, the vapor pressure of an olefin is larger than that of the corresponding paraffin, the relative volatility of the olefin exceeds that of the corresponding paraffin, contrary to the relative volatility observed in conventional extractive distillation with polar solvents where the volatility of the paraffin exceeds that of the corresponding olefin.