Mohd Wahid - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mohd Wahid

Journal of oil palm research

Optimization of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the rapid detection of Oryctes rhi... more Optimization of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the rapid detection of Oryctes rhinoceros virus (OrV) was studied. The virus DNA was extracted from the gut tissues by a robust method. Using a pair of specific primers, Primer 15a and 15b, infection was confirmed when the PCR product produced a single 945 bp DNA band. The optimized concentrations of the PCR components were at 2.0 mM MgCl 2 , 1.0 mM 10X PCR buffer, 0.2 mM Primer 15a and 15b, 0.5 U Taq-DNA polymerase and 0.4 mg bovine serum albumin (BSA). All tested virus DNA concentrations at 0.085, 0.170 and 0.255 µg µl -1 were suitable for virus detection. Addition of BSA (20 mg ml -1) at 0.4 mg in the reaction increased the PCR sensitivity. The method is capable of detecting OrV infection from DNA diluted one million times or equivalent to a virus DNA concentration as low as 2.23 pg µl -1 . The PCR detected 83.2% adult beetles from pheromone traps as being infected by OrV, 13.6% higher (P<0.05) than the results bas...

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2005

The rhinoceros beetle, Oryctes rhinoceros, has emerged as a serious pest of oil palm since the pr... more The rhinoceros beetle, Oryctes rhinoceros, has emerged as a serious pest of oil palm since the prohibition of burning as a method for maintaining estate hygiene in the 1990s. The abundance of beetles is surprising given that the Malay peninsula was the site of Wrst discovery of the Oryctes virus, which has been used to eVect good as a biological control agent in other regions. A survey of adult beetles was carried out throughout Malaysia using pheromone traps. Captured beetles were examined for presence of virus using both visual/microscopic examination and PCR detection methods. The survey indicated that Oryctes virus was common in Malaysia among the adult beetles. Viral DNA analysis was carried out after restriction with HindIII enzyme and indicated at least three distinct viral genotypes. Bioassays were used to compare the viral strains and demonstrate that one strain (type B) is the most virulent against both larvae and adults of the beetle. Virus type B has been cultured and released into healthy populations where another strain (type A) forms the natural background. Capture and examination of beetles from the release site and surrounding area has shown that the spread and persistence of the applied virus strain is accompanied by a reduction in palm frond damage.

Journal of Oil Palm …, 2007

The powder formulation of Metarhizium anisopliae was applied by spraying method onto the rotting ... more The powder formulation of Metarhizium anisopliae was applied by spraying method onto the rotting heaps of oil palm residues under the leguminous cover crops. The M. anisopliae infected all stages of Oryctes rhinoceros. At eight months after treatment (MAT), the application of product at rates of T1, 0.2 g (2.2 x 10 7 spores) and T2, 0.4 g (4.4 x 10 7 spores) m-2 heap was significantly reduced (P<0.05) the L2 and L3 larvae, pre-pupae and pupae. Reduction of these four stages has reduced the overall O. rhinoceros population in T1 to 30.8 individual per sampling plot (ISP) and T2 to 41.0 ISP, significant lower (P<0.05) as compared to population in the control (132.1 ISP). The growing of cover crops delayed the impact time of the fungus, but it provided protection to the fungus from the detrimental factors, giving favourable conditions to the spores to grow and initiate infection. Therefore, at eight MAT, as the population was significantly reduced, the infection levels were increased to 33.3% in T1 and 30.4% in T2, both were significantly higher (P<0.05) as compared to control (12.9%). Then it was further increased to 52.0% (control), 67.8% (T1) and 72.9% (T2) at 12 MAT. The use of the product at both rates did not affect the non-target insects. The oil palm pollinating weevil, Elaeidobius kamerunicus was not affected as they was no difference in the population density in the treated and control plots. The population density of the stag beetle, Aegus chelifer in both treated plots was always not significant (P>0.05) with the control at all times of data recording. Although infection can occur on larvae and adults, but the percentage was low, ranging from 0%-0.6% at five MAT and 1.7% and 2.5% at eight MAT.

Journal of Oil Palm …, 1999

L bioassayed against larvae of&y&es rhinoceros in the laboratory. The larvae were surface-sterili... more L bioassayed against larvae of&y&es rhinoceros in the laboratory. The larvae were surface-sterilized in 0.3% sodium hypochlorite and dipped into spore suspensions containing IO8 conidia ml.". Of the four isolates, two Eongspored isolates (Bp and MO) were highly pathogenic against the beetles. Both isolates caused 100% mortality within I.2 days of treatment and caused 71% to 75% mycosis. The times required to kill 50% (LT,d of Oryctes larvae for isolates Bp (LT,, = 9.1 days) and MO (LT,, = 8.9 days) were shorter than short-spored isolates Ma (LT,, = 10.0 days) and Ml (LT,, = 14.0 days). The mortality rates (regression slopes) showed that isolate Bp (5.32) killed Oryctes larvae slightly faster than isolate MO (5.17); therefore, isolate Bp was selected for a field experiment. A field trial was conducted in seven-monthold heaps of chipped oil palm trunks, using a single application of wet and dry inoculum, Using wet inoculum, each plot was drenched separately with IO litres plot-" of water containing 108, IO9 and lOlo conidia. For dry inoculum, the plots were broadcasted with inoculated matze at 3 and 6 kg plot-'. In the field, Metarhizium infects adults, pupae and all larval stages of Oryctes beetles. At three months after treatment, pooled mortality for all stages of Oryctes beetles at the highest application rate was between 37% (dry inoculum) and 51% (wet inoculum). Agreat impact of Metarhizium was found only on third JOURNAL OF OIL PALM RESEARCH ll(2) l instar larvae, where it was able to reduce the number to about 5.5-5.8 larvae I sampling plot. This was significantly lower than the control which had 34.8 larvae/sampling plot. The densities of viable spores in plots treated with wet inoculum at 10lOconidia (158.6cfu) and dry at 6 kg (169.0 cfu) inoculum were significantly higher than the other application rates, especially at S-month of treatment. A higher density of viable spores in breeding materials enhanced the disease development and subsequently reduced the beetle population. Wet inoculum had more advantages over dry inoculum. It was easily prepared using water from readily available sources such as field drains, river and ex-tin mining pools. This study showed that wet inoculum was effective for control of Oryctes beetle and was more economical to apply than dry inocul urn.

Journal of Oil Palm …, 2007

Oryctes rhinoceros adult beetles which are commonly trapped in pheromone traps in oil palm planta... more Oryctes rhinoceros adult beetles which are commonly trapped in pheromone traps in oil palm plantations can be used as a supplement for ornamental fish feed. Oryctes beetles were ground into powder and were incorporated with wheat, rice and fish feed formula. Initial feeding experiments using Oryctes powder + wheat and rice were conducted on several species of ornamental fishes such as puyu, Anabas testudineus; gold fish, Carassius auratus auratus; common carp, Cyprinus carpio carpio and oscar, Astronotus ocellatus. A final experiment using Oryctes powder as a supplement to a fish feed formula was tested on gold fish, carp, parrot fish (Cichlasoma) and common gourami (Osphronemus goramy). In this study, the Oryctes powder seem to be suitable for gold fish and carp on wheat mixtures. This article highlights the potential of using Oryctes powder as a supplement to the fish feed formula. The evaluation of the Oryctessupplemented pellets in comparison with other commercial types of fish feed are also discussed.

Plant Production Science, 2005

British Journal of Nutrition, 2011

It is well established that plant phenolics elicit various biological activities, with positive e... more It is well established that plant phenolics elicit various biological activities, with positive effects on health. Palm oil production results in large volumes of aqueous by-products containing phenolics. In the present study, we describe the effects of oil palm phenolics (OPP) on several degenerative conditions using various animal models. OPP reduced blood pressure in a NO-deficient rat model, protected against ischaemia-induced cardiac arrhythmia in rats and reduced plaque formation in rabbits fed an atherogenic diet. In Nile rats, a spontaneous model of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, OPP protected against multiple aspects of the syndrome and diabetes progression. In tumour-inoculated mice, OPP protected against cancer progression. Microarray studies on the tumours showed differential transcriptome profiles that suggest anti-tumour molecular mechanisms involved in OPP action. Thus, initial studies suggest that OPP may have potential against several chronic disease ou...

British Journal of Nutrition, 2011

Waste from agricultural products represents a disposal liability, which needs to be addressed. Pa... more Waste from agricultural products represents a disposal liability, which needs to be addressed. Palm oil is the most widely traded edible oil globally, and its production generates 85 million tons of aqueous by-products annually. This aqueous stream is rich in phenolic antioxidants, which were investigated for their composition and potential in vitro biological activity. We have identified three isomers of caffeoylshikimic acid as major components of oil palm phenolics (OPP). The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay confirmed potent free radical scavenging activity. To test for possible cardioprotective effects of OPP, we carried out in vitro LDL oxidation studies as well as ex vivo aortic ring and mesenteric vascular bed relaxation measurements. We found that OPP inhibited the Cu-mediated oxidation of human LDL. OPP also promoted vascular relaxation in both isolated aortic rings and perfused mesenteric vascular beds pre-contracted with noradrenaline. To rule out developmental toxicit...

European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 2007

Page 1. Yew-Ai Tana Ravigadevi Sambanthamurthia Kalyana Sundramb Mohd Basri Wahida a Malaysian Pa... more Page 1. Yew-Ai Tana Ravigadevi Sambanthamurthia Kalyana Sundramb Mohd Basri Wahida a Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), Selangor, Malaysia b Malaysian Palm Oil Council (MPOC), Malaysia Valorisation of palm by-products as functional components ...

Metisa plana, Pteroma pendula, Mahasena corbetti, Setora nitens and Darna trima indicated that th... more Metisa plana, Pteroma pendula, Mahasena corbetti, Setora nitens and Darna trima indicated that they were susceptible to a local strain of Bacillus thuringiensis designated as, MPOB BT1. The susceptible oil palm defoliators have high amount and numbers of binding bbmv proteins for the Bt toxins. Field application of MPOBBT1 using turbo mist blower proved very convenient, resulting in good spray and area coverage. It also resulted in significantly more effective control for MPOB BT1 than XenTari, Cypermethrin and Dipel for the first field trial conducted in Johore. MPOB Microbial Technology and Engineering Centre (MICROTEC) has begun pilot scale production of Bacillus thuringiensis product, Terakil-1. Field trials using Terakil-1 indicated that it was effective and comparable to chemicals in terms of efficacy.Terakil-1 has extra advantages since it does not affect beneficial insects like the predators, parasitoids, pollinating weevil and non-target organisms. It's timely that the integration of Terakil-1, beneficial insects and plants be implemented for management of pests, bagworms and nettle caterpillars of oil palm. c c c c d d d d e e e

Journal of Oil Palm Research, 2004

Page 1. 78 JOURNAL OF OIL PALM RESEARCH 16 (2) THE EFFECTS OF OILS ON GERMINATION OF Beauveria ba... more Page 1. 78 JOURNAL OF OIL PALM RESEARCH 16 (2) THE EFFECTS OF OILS ON GERMINATION OF Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) VUILLEMIN AND ITS INFECTION AGAINST THE OIL PALM BAGWORM, Metisa plana (Walker) ...

Laboratory bioassay on control of early instars of Metisa plana, Pteroma pendula, Mahasena corbet... more Laboratory bioassay on control of early instars of Metisa plana, Pteroma pendula, Mahasena corbetti, Setora nitens and Darna trima indicated that they were susceptible to a local strain of Bacillus thuringiensis designated as, MPOB BT1. The nettle caterpillars, were significantly more susceptible than the bagworms because the former have more numbers of binding bbmv proteins for the Bt toxins than the latter. The nonoutbreak causing bagworm under oil palm, the Manata albipes responded significantly slower to the MPOB BT1 than the outbreak causing defoliators because the number and amount of bbmv was much lower in the former. Furthermore, early instars of M.albipes is much bigger than M.plana and P.pendula and therefore requires higher dose. Field application of MPOB BT1 using turbomist blower proved very convenient, resulting in good spray and area coverage. It also resulted in significantly more effective control forMPOB BT1 than Xentari, Cypermethrine and Dipel for the first generation spray.

African Journal of Food Science, Aug 31, 2010

In vivo studies using J558 myeloma cells showed that OPP caused tumor regression. These findings ... more In vivo studies using J558 myeloma cells showed that OPP caused tumor regression. These findings imply that OPP has anti-proliferative effects on tumor cells in vitro and in vivo, but conversely enhances the growth of normal cells.

Journal of Oil Palm Research, Aug 17, 2012

Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis products, Lepcon-1, Bafog-1 (S) and Ecobac-1 (EC) on oil palm p... more Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis products, Lepcon-1, Bafog-1 (S) and Ecobac-1 (EC) on oil palm pollinating weevil, Elaeidobius kamerunicus and beneficial insects especially parasitoids were studied. Direct spraying of Lepcon-1, Bafog-1 (S) and Ecobac-1 (EC) at the highest concentration caused 13%, 10% and 11% mortality on E. kamerunicus at 9 DAT, respectively. Application of products by spraying method at the highest concentrations resulted in low mortality on beneficial insects, which ranged from 8% to 13%. Cypermethrin was toxic to both E. kamerunicus and parasitoids. Spraying of this chemical at 7.5% w/w killed 100% E. kamerunicus and beneficial insects as early as 5 DAT. Laboratory studies showed that Lepcon-1, Bafog-1 (S) and Ecobac-1 (EC) are safe to oil palm pollinating weevils and beneficial insects and therefore, it is recommended to be used for bagworm control in the oil palm plantations.

ABSTRACT During replanting of oil palm, Elaeis guinensis at the Ganoderma boninense infected oil ... more ABSTRACT During replanting of oil palm, Elaeis guinensis at the Ganoderma boninense infected oil palm plantation in a peat soil at Teluk Intan, the oil palm trunks (OPT) and boles were shredded and buried to accelerate the decomposition of OPT. Time-course bacterial population in the decomposting OPT and the peat soil monitored via 16SrDNA PCR-DGGE indicated that the prokaryotes population in the peat soil was enriched and changes as the process of decomposition progressed. The initial prokaryotes population comprised mainly the Firmicutes. At 3 months during biodegradation (MDB) the degradating shredded OPT haboured 39% gamma-Proteobacteria, 26% beta-Proteobacteria, 21% Bacteroidetes and 14% Firmicutes while the surrounding soil still contain mainly Firmicutes. At 7 MDB, when biodegradation was very active, the bacterial population in the biodegrading OPT was most diversed and constituting of 51% Firmicutes, 26% beta-Proteobacteria, 9% Bacteroidetes, 5% Bacteria, 4% alpha-Proteobacteria, 3% Actinobacteria, 1% delta-Proteobacteria and 1% gamma-Proteobacteria. The abundance diversed bacterial population contributed to increase bacterial population in the surrounding peat soil, which then comprised of 65% Firmicutes, 11% gamma-Proteobacteria, 8% alpha-Proteobacteria, 8% Bacteroidetes and 5% Bacteria . Subsequently at 9 MDB, the bacterial population in the OPT still comprising mainly or 60% Firmicutes, 20% Bacteroidetes, 10% gamma-Proteobactetia and 10% beta-Proteobacteria. Whilst the soil alpha-Proteobacteria disappeared and comprised mainly of or 86% Firmicutes and 14% gamma-Proteobacteria. As the decomposition of OPT approached near completion at 12 MDB, the OPT was colonies by 36% of Bacteroidetes, 25% gamma-Proteobacteria, 14% Firmicutes, 7% alpha-Proteobacteria, 7% Bacteria, 7% beta-Proteobacteria and 4% Actinobacteria, while the peat soil was enriched with 22%

Journal of oil palm research

Optimization of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the rapid detection of Oryctes rhi... more Optimization of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the rapid detection of Oryctes rhinoceros virus (OrV) was studied. The virus DNA was extracted from the gut tissues by a robust method. Using a pair of specific primers, Primer 15a and 15b, infection was confirmed when the PCR product produced a single 945 bp DNA band. The optimized concentrations of the PCR components were at 2.0 mM MgCl 2 , 1.0 mM 10X PCR buffer, 0.2 mM Primer 15a and 15b, 0.5 U Taq-DNA polymerase and 0.4 mg bovine serum albumin (BSA). All tested virus DNA concentrations at 0.085, 0.170 and 0.255 µg µl -1 were suitable for virus detection. Addition of BSA (20 mg ml -1) at 0.4 mg in the reaction increased the PCR sensitivity. The method is capable of detecting OrV infection from DNA diluted one million times or equivalent to a virus DNA concentration as low as 2.23 pg µl -1 . The PCR detected 83.2% adult beetles from pheromone traps as being infected by OrV, 13.6% higher (P<0.05) than the results bas...

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2005

The rhinoceros beetle, Oryctes rhinoceros, has emerged as a serious pest of oil palm since the pr... more The rhinoceros beetle, Oryctes rhinoceros, has emerged as a serious pest of oil palm since the prohibition of burning as a method for maintaining estate hygiene in the 1990s. The abundance of beetles is surprising given that the Malay peninsula was the site of Wrst discovery of the Oryctes virus, which has been used to eVect good as a biological control agent in other regions. A survey of adult beetles was carried out throughout Malaysia using pheromone traps. Captured beetles were examined for presence of virus using both visual/microscopic examination and PCR detection methods. The survey indicated that Oryctes virus was common in Malaysia among the adult beetles. Viral DNA analysis was carried out after restriction with HindIII enzyme and indicated at least three distinct viral genotypes. Bioassays were used to compare the viral strains and demonstrate that one strain (type B) is the most virulent against both larvae and adults of the beetle. Virus type B has been cultured and released into healthy populations where another strain (type A) forms the natural background. Capture and examination of beetles from the release site and surrounding area has shown that the spread and persistence of the applied virus strain is accompanied by a reduction in palm frond damage.

Journal of Oil Palm …, 2007

The powder formulation of Metarhizium anisopliae was applied by spraying method onto the rotting ... more The powder formulation of Metarhizium anisopliae was applied by spraying method onto the rotting heaps of oil palm residues under the leguminous cover crops. The M. anisopliae infected all stages of Oryctes rhinoceros. At eight months after treatment (MAT), the application of product at rates of T1, 0.2 g (2.2 x 10 7 spores) and T2, 0.4 g (4.4 x 10 7 spores) m-2 heap was significantly reduced (P<0.05) the L2 and L3 larvae, pre-pupae and pupae. Reduction of these four stages has reduced the overall O. rhinoceros population in T1 to 30.8 individual per sampling plot (ISP) and T2 to 41.0 ISP, significant lower (P<0.05) as compared to population in the control (132.1 ISP). The growing of cover crops delayed the impact time of the fungus, but it provided protection to the fungus from the detrimental factors, giving favourable conditions to the spores to grow and initiate infection. Therefore, at eight MAT, as the population was significantly reduced, the infection levels were increased to 33.3% in T1 and 30.4% in T2, both were significantly higher (P<0.05) as compared to control (12.9%). Then it was further increased to 52.0% (control), 67.8% (T1) and 72.9% (T2) at 12 MAT. The use of the product at both rates did not affect the non-target insects. The oil palm pollinating weevil, Elaeidobius kamerunicus was not affected as they was no difference in the population density in the treated and control plots. The population density of the stag beetle, Aegus chelifer in both treated plots was always not significant (P>0.05) with the control at all times of data recording. Although infection can occur on larvae and adults, but the percentage was low, ranging from 0%-0.6% at five MAT and 1.7% and 2.5% at eight MAT.

Journal of Oil Palm …, 1999

L bioassayed against larvae of&y&es rhinoceros in the laboratory. The larvae were surface-sterili... more L bioassayed against larvae of&y&es rhinoceros in the laboratory. The larvae were surface-sterilized in 0.3% sodium hypochlorite and dipped into spore suspensions containing IO8 conidia ml.". Of the four isolates, two Eongspored isolates (Bp and MO) were highly pathogenic against the beetles. Both isolates caused 100% mortality within I.2 days of treatment and caused 71% to 75% mycosis. The times required to kill 50% (LT,d of Oryctes larvae for isolates Bp (LT,, = 9.1 days) and MO (LT,, = 8.9 days) were shorter than short-spored isolates Ma (LT,, = 10.0 days) and Ml (LT,, = 14.0 days). The mortality rates (regression slopes) showed that isolate Bp (5.32) killed Oryctes larvae slightly faster than isolate MO (5.17); therefore, isolate Bp was selected for a field experiment. A field trial was conducted in seven-monthold heaps of chipped oil palm trunks, using a single application of wet and dry inoculum, Using wet inoculum, each plot was drenched separately with IO litres plot-" of water containing 108, IO9 and lOlo conidia. For dry inoculum, the plots were broadcasted with inoculated matze at 3 and 6 kg plot-'. In the field, Metarhizium infects adults, pupae and all larval stages of Oryctes beetles. At three months after treatment, pooled mortality for all stages of Oryctes beetles at the highest application rate was between 37% (dry inoculum) and 51% (wet inoculum). Agreat impact of Metarhizium was found only on third JOURNAL OF OIL PALM RESEARCH ll(2) l instar larvae, where it was able to reduce the number to about 5.5-5.8 larvae I sampling plot. This was significantly lower than the control which had 34.8 larvae/sampling plot. The densities of viable spores in plots treated with wet inoculum at 10lOconidia (158.6cfu) and dry at 6 kg (169.0 cfu) inoculum were significantly higher than the other application rates, especially at S-month of treatment. A higher density of viable spores in breeding materials enhanced the disease development and subsequently reduced the beetle population. Wet inoculum had more advantages over dry inoculum. It was easily prepared using water from readily available sources such as field drains, river and ex-tin mining pools. This study showed that wet inoculum was effective for control of Oryctes beetle and was more economical to apply than dry inocul urn.

Journal of Oil Palm …, 2007

Oryctes rhinoceros adult beetles which are commonly trapped in pheromone traps in oil palm planta... more Oryctes rhinoceros adult beetles which are commonly trapped in pheromone traps in oil palm plantations can be used as a supplement for ornamental fish feed. Oryctes beetles were ground into powder and were incorporated with wheat, rice and fish feed formula. Initial feeding experiments using Oryctes powder + wheat and rice were conducted on several species of ornamental fishes such as puyu, Anabas testudineus; gold fish, Carassius auratus auratus; common carp, Cyprinus carpio carpio and oscar, Astronotus ocellatus. A final experiment using Oryctes powder as a supplement to a fish feed formula was tested on gold fish, carp, parrot fish (Cichlasoma) and common gourami (Osphronemus goramy). In this study, the Oryctes powder seem to be suitable for gold fish and carp on wheat mixtures. This article highlights the potential of using Oryctes powder as a supplement to the fish feed formula. The evaluation of the Oryctessupplemented pellets in comparison with other commercial types of fish feed are also discussed.

Plant Production Science, 2005

British Journal of Nutrition, 2011

It is well established that plant phenolics elicit various biological activities, with positive e... more It is well established that plant phenolics elicit various biological activities, with positive effects on health. Palm oil production results in large volumes of aqueous by-products containing phenolics. In the present study, we describe the effects of oil palm phenolics (OPP) on several degenerative conditions using various animal models. OPP reduced blood pressure in a NO-deficient rat model, protected against ischaemia-induced cardiac arrhythmia in rats and reduced plaque formation in rabbits fed an atherogenic diet. In Nile rats, a spontaneous model of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, OPP protected against multiple aspects of the syndrome and diabetes progression. In tumour-inoculated mice, OPP protected against cancer progression. Microarray studies on the tumours showed differential transcriptome profiles that suggest anti-tumour molecular mechanisms involved in OPP action. Thus, initial studies suggest that OPP may have potential against several chronic disease ou...

British Journal of Nutrition, 2011

Waste from agricultural products represents a disposal liability, which needs to be addressed. Pa... more Waste from agricultural products represents a disposal liability, which needs to be addressed. Palm oil is the most widely traded edible oil globally, and its production generates 85 million tons of aqueous by-products annually. This aqueous stream is rich in phenolic antioxidants, which were investigated for their composition and potential in vitro biological activity. We have identified three isomers of caffeoylshikimic acid as major components of oil palm phenolics (OPP). The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay confirmed potent free radical scavenging activity. To test for possible cardioprotective effects of OPP, we carried out in vitro LDL oxidation studies as well as ex vivo aortic ring and mesenteric vascular bed relaxation measurements. We found that OPP inhibited the Cu-mediated oxidation of human LDL. OPP also promoted vascular relaxation in both isolated aortic rings and perfused mesenteric vascular beds pre-contracted with noradrenaline. To rule out developmental toxicit...

European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 2007

Page 1. Yew-Ai Tana Ravigadevi Sambanthamurthia Kalyana Sundramb Mohd Basri Wahida a Malaysian Pa... more Page 1. Yew-Ai Tana Ravigadevi Sambanthamurthia Kalyana Sundramb Mohd Basri Wahida a Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), Selangor, Malaysia b Malaysian Palm Oil Council (MPOC), Malaysia Valorisation of palm by-products as functional components ...

Metisa plana, Pteroma pendula, Mahasena corbetti, Setora nitens and Darna trima indicated that th... more Metisa plana, Pteroma pendula, Mahasena corbetti, Setora nitens and Darna trima indicated that they were susceptible to a local strain of Bacillus thuringiensis designated as, MPOB BT1. The susceptible oil palm defoliators have high amount and numbers of binding bbmv proteins for the Bt toxins. Field application of MPOBBT1 using turbo mist blower proved very convenient, resulting in good spray and area coverage. It also resulted in significantly more effective control for MPOB BT1 than XenTari, Cypermethrin and Dipel for the first field trial conducted in Johore. MPOB Microbial Technology and Engineering Centre (MICROTEC) has begun pilot scale production of Bacillus thuringiensis product, Terakil-1. Field trials using Terakil-1 indicated that it was effective and comparable to chemicals in terms of efficacy.Terakil-1 has extra advantages since it does not affect beneficial insects like the predators, parasitoids, pollinating weevil and non-target organisms. It's timely that the integration of Terakil-1, beneficial insects and plants be implemented for management of pests, bagworms and nettle caterpillars of oil palm. c c c c d d d d e e e

Journal of Oil Palm Research, 2004

Page 1. 78 JOURNAL OF OIL PALM RESEARCH 16 (2) THE EFFECTS OF OILS ON GERMINATION OF Beauveria ba... more Page 1. 78 JOURNAL OF OIL PALM RESEARCH 16 (2) THE EFFECTS OF OILS ON GERMINATION OF Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) VUILLEMIN AND ITS INFECTION AGAINST THE OIL PALM BAGWORM, Metisa plana (Walker) ...

Laboratory bioassay on control of early instars of Metisa plana, Pteroma pendula, Mahasena corbet... more Laboratory bioassay on control of early instars of Metisa plana, Pteroma pendula, Mahasena corbetti, Setora nitens and Darna trima indicated that they were susceptible to a local strain of Bacillus thuringiensis designated as, MPOB BT1. The nettle caterpillars, were significantly more susceptible than the bagworms because the former have more numbers of binding bbmv proteins for the Bt toxins than the latter. The nonoutbreak causing bagworm under oil palm, the Manata albipes responded significantly slower to the MPOB BT1 than the outbreak causing defoliators because the number and amount of bbmv was much lower in the former. Furthermore, early instars of M.albipes is much bigger than M.plana and P.pendula and therefore requires higher dose. Field application of MPOB BT1 using turbomist blower proved very convenient, resulting in good spray and area coverage. It also resulted in significantly more effective control forMPOB BT1 than Xentari, Cypermethrine and Dipel for the first generation spray.

African Journal of Food Science, Aug 31, 2010

In vivo studies using J558 myeloma cells showed that OPP caused tumor regression. These findings ... more In vivo studies using J558 myeloma cells showed that OPP caused tumor regression. These findings imply that OPP has anti-proliferative effects on tumor cells in vitro and in vivo, but conversely enhances the growth of normal cells.

Journal of Oil Palm Research, Aug 17, 2012

Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis products, Lepcon-1, Bafog-1 (S) and Ecobac-1 (EC) on oil palm p... more Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis products, Lepcon-1, Bafog-1 (S) and Ecobac-1 (EC) on oil palm pollinating weevil, Elaeidobius kamerunicus and beneficial insects especially parasitoids were studied. Direct spraying of Lepcon-1, Bafog-1 (S) and Ecobac-1 (EC) at the highest concentration caused 13%, 10% and 11% mortality on E. kamerunicus at 9 DAT, respectively. Application of products by spraying method at the highest concentrations resulted in low mortality on beneficial insects, which ranged from 8% to 13%. Cypermethrin was toxic to both E. kamerunicus and parasitoids. Spraying of this chemical at 7.5% w/w killed 100% E. kamerunicus and beneficial insects as early as 5 DAT. Laboratory studies showed that Lepcon-1, Bafog-1 (S) and Ecobac-1 (EC) are safe to oil palm pollinating weevils and beneficial insects and therefore, it is recommended to be used for bagworm control in the oil palm plantations.

ABSTRACT During replanting of oil palm, Elaeis guinensis at the Ganoderma boninense infected oil ... more ABSTRACT During replanting of oil palm, Elaeis guinensis at the Ganoderma boninense infected oil palm plantation in a peat soil at Teluk Intan, the oil palm trunks (OPT) and boles were shredded and buried to accelerate the decomposition of OPT. Time-course bacterial population in the decomposting OPT and the peat soil monitored via 16SrDNA PCR-DGGE indicated that the prokaryotes population in the peat soil was enriched and changes as the process of decomposition progressed. The initial prokaryotes population comprised mainly the Firmicutes. At 3 months during biodegradation (MDB) the degradating shredded OPT haboured 39% gamma-Proteobacteria, 26% beta-Proteobacteria, 21% Bacteroidetes and 14% Firmicutes while the surrounding soil still contain mainly Firmicutes. At 7 MDB, when biodegradation was very active, the bacterial population in the biodegrading OPT was most diversed and constituting of 51% Firmicutes, 26% beta-Proteobacteria, 9% Bacteroidetes, 5% Bacteria, 4% alpha-Proteobacteria, 3% Actinobacteria, 1% delta-Proteobacteria and 1% gamma-Proteobacteria. The abundance diversed bacterial population contributed to increase bacterial population in the surrounding peat soil, which then comprised of 65% Firmicutes, 11% gamma-Proteobacteria, 8% alpha-Proteobacteria, 8% Bacteroidetes and 5% Bacteria . Subsequently at 9 MDB, the bacterial population in the OPT still comprising mainly or 60% Firmicutes, 20% Bacteroidetes, 10% gamma-Proteobactetia and 10% beta-Proteobacteria. Whilst the soil alpha-Proteobacteria disappeared and comprised mainly of or 86% Firmicutes and 14% gamma-Proteobacteria. As the decomposition of OPT approached near completion at 12 MDB, the OPT was colonies by 36% of Bacteroidetes, 25% gamma-Proteobacteria, 14% Firmicutes, 7% alpha-Proteobacteria, 7% Bacteria, 7% beta-Proteobacteria and 4% Actinobacteria, while the peat soil was enriched with 22%