Aashir Waleed - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Aashir Waleed
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Jun 1, 2022
The safe and reliable generation and transmission of electricity is the desirable factor for util... more The safe and reliable generation and transmission of electricity is the desirable factor for utilities which arises the need of protection equipment such as relays in the power systems. According to recent studies, the conventional relays are not able to provide the required protection to the power systems, resulting in the emergence of various artificial intelligence (AI) techniques such as (i) artificial neural network (ANN); (ii) adaptive neuro fuzzy interface system (ANFIS); and (iii) fuzzy logic based relays for the protection. This work presents the protection scheme for transmission lines using various AI based distance relays along with performance comparison of these relays with a conventional numerical distance relay (NL). The comparison analysis has been performed by generating a test model in the MATLAB/Simulink environment and comparing "response time" against the same fault occurence for all relays. The comparison analysis found that AI based relays outperformed than conventional relay in terms of response time and accuracy level against the faults.
Sustainability
Induction motors (IMs) are the backbone of industry, and play a vital role in daily life as well.... more Induction motors (IMs) are the backbone of industry, and play a vital role in daily life as well. However, induction motors face various faults during their operation, which may cause overheating, energy losses, and failure in the motors. Keeping in mind the severity of the issues associated with fault occurrence, this paper proposes a novel method of fault detection in induction motors by using “Machine Vision (MV)” along with “Infrared Thermography (IRT)”. It is worth mentioning that the timely prevention of faults in the IM ensures the motor’s safety from failures, and provides longer service life. In this work, a dataset of thermal images of an induction motor under different conditions (i.e., normal operation, overloaded, and fault) was developed using an infrared camera without disturbing the working condition of the motor. Then, the extracted thermal images were effectively used for the feature extraction and training by local octa pattern (LOP) and support-vector machine (SV...
Supplemental material, Supplemantry_Information-Multiple_damage_detections_in_plate-like_structur... more Supplemental material, Supplemantry_Information-Multiple_damage_detections_in_plate-like_structures_using_GSM for Multiple damage detections in plate-like structures using curvature mode shapes and gapped smoothing method by Saeed Ahmad, Aashir Waleed, Umar Siddique Virk, Muhammad Tanveer Riaz, Aamish Sharjeel and Nasir Ahmad in Advances in Mechanical Engineering
2021 International Conference on Innovative Computing (ICIC), 2021
In this modern world, the prosthetics are playing a vivid role in bringing ease and comfort to th... more In this modern world, the prosthetics are playing a vivid role in bringing ease and comfort to the handicapped persons. This work presents the design and development of a 3D prosthetic hand model equipped with the flex sensors in order to generate the human hand replica for a person with no hand. In addition to that, this work also presents the wireless control (select and place) of the prosthetic hand through Radio Frequency. The use of low cost flex sensors for the positioning of fingers and to add handgrip control in the prosthetic hand, makes the whole design cost efficient. From the working perspective, the resistance of the flex sensor varies differently for each finger’s movements, and this variation in the resistance is then utilized effectively to control the robotic hand. It is worth mentioning here that the inclusion of flex sensors is very beneficial from the economical point of view because it provides low cost solution as compared to existing costly technologies of prosthetics.
2019 International Symposium on Recent Advances in Electrical Engineering (RAEE), 2019
The health index calculation is a very useful tool for power transformer maintenance prediction. ... more The health index calculation is a very useful tool for power transformer maintenance prediction. Generally, transformer health condition is directly assessed by diagnostic tests carried out for the transformer insulation. Then these test results are used to evaluate health and to estimate the remaining life of the transformer. By using different parameters of the transformer, the Health Index shows the degradation of insulation in the transformer. These parameters of the transformer typically act at the identical time, due to this reason evaluation of health index of the transformer is very difficult. In this paper different parameters are utilized to create sub-models of fuzzy (i.e. DGA, Dielectric strength of oil, loading data, insulation resistance, C&DF) for assessment of transformer critical conditions. The integrated fuzzy model developed by combining the sub-models of fuzzy logic. This model of fuzzy logic provides the identification of transformer insulation condition & level of its criticality. The integrated fuzzy model approach decreases the complexity in life estimation and health index evaluation of power transformer. With the help of the health index, it can be determined the transformer health condition and can be taken the necessary remedial action to save the costly equipment at grid stations to overcome the occurrence of severe equipment damaging faults.
2020 3rd International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET), 2020
Parallel topology for star connected wind farms integrated with utility grid via voltage source I... more Parallel topology for star connected wind farms integrated with utility grid via voltage source Inverter (VSI) is a favorable topology. Faults in wind farms can be either AC or DC in nature. AC faults do not affect much the voltage source converters (VSC) connected with wind farms but DC faults damage these converters badly. This paper analyses faults and proposes protection scheme against different DC faults for star connected wind farms. Secondly, protection for the DC line is designed in such a way that if a fault occurs at any of the DC lines connected with VSC, the only faulty line should be isolated and thus providing protection to the remaining system. Moreover, the control system is designed in such a way that in case of single-source isolation remaining system will supply power to the utility grid and VSC and generator remain protected by inclusion of damping resistors.
Metal halide perovskite materials are emerging as highly promising materials for high performance... more Metal halide perovskite materials are emerging as highly promising materials for high performance optoelectronic devices thus triggered broad attention. Nanostructured perovskite materials have wide applications in nanoelectronics and nano-optoelectronics. Due to incompatibility of metal halide perovskite materials with conventional lithography techniques, it is preferable to achieve nano-perovskite material growth and assembly at the same time for further device applications. In our work, we have developed a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process to grow ordered three-dimensional (3-D) metal halide nanowire (NW) arrays in nanoengineering templates. This unique CVD process utilizes metal nanoclusters at the bottom of vertical nanochannels to initiate high quality NW growth. As the nanochannels have largely controllable geometrical factors, namely, periodicity, diameter and depth, NW geometry can also be precisely nanoengineered. As the result, the ordered 3-D NW arrays can achieve ...
Electrical Engineering, 2021
Vehicles have become an integral part of the modern era, but unfortunately conventional vehicles ... more Vehicles have become an integral part of the modern era, but unfortunately conventional vehicles consume non-renewable energy resources which have associated issue of air pollution. In addition to that, global warming and the shortage of fossil fuels have provided motivation to look for alternative to conventional vehicles. In the recent era, hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is becoming popular due to their attractive features of energy saving and less air pollution. This paper aimed at designing a hybrid electric vehicle control scheme with an effective energy management system under varying load conditions. The proposed hybrid energy storage system of the HEV in this work consists of two energy sources: (1) main source: fuel cell and (2) auxiliary source: ultra-capacitor and battery. Furthermore, a fuzzy logic-based nonlinear controller has been developed to effectively control the management of energy sources according to load demand. The proposed HEV model has been developed using MATLAB/Simulink environment and the simulation results verify that the proposed fuzzy logic-based controller provides better voltage regulation and efficient energy management for the complete drive range of the HEV. Moreover, a comparative study of the proposed controller with existing control methods affirms its better reference tracking with minimum overshoot, faster convergence, better stability, and enhanced regulation of DC bus bar voltages under varying load conditions.
2019 International Symposium on Recent Advances in Electrical Engineering (RAEE), 2019
Agricultural methods are changing rapidly because of recent advances in renewable energy technolo... more Agricultural methods are changing rapidly because of recent advances in renewable energy technology. The recent advancements in renewable energy can be effectively employed in the agriculture sector to reduce dependency on conventional crops irrigation techniques and fossil fuels. Fields and crops irrigation are usually performed by water pumps (runs on fossil fuels) which can lead to environmental damage and high agricultural costs. For the agricultural use such as irrigating the crops, Photovoltaic (PV) water irrigation system is the best technological solution. Photovoltaic powered water pumping system help in water pumping and is usually composed of solar panel arrays and AC/DC water pump. In such system, a solar cell generates DC current which is then converted to AC current (using DC-AC inverters) for operating the water pumps. It is also worth noting that the generated DC power by PV panels can also be stored in batteries for later use in night or darkness. This work presents a novel design for the solar-powered water pumping system with irrigation control feature. The humidity sensors and global system for mobile (GSM) module are installed for automation and wireless control of irrigation to reduce manpower needs. Overall, this article presents a novel, wireless, and automatic solar-powered water pumping and controlled irrigation system.
2020 3rd International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET), 2020
Domestic sector of Pakistan profoundly leans on grid electricity, generated by fossil fuel source... more Domestic sector of Pakistan profoundly leans on grid electricity, generated by fossil fuel sources. Fossil fuels are big source of environmental pollution, but renewable energy sources lead to clean and economically reasonable generation of electric power. This paper presents a completely elucidated wind solar hybrid micro grid system for domestic consumers as an entire replacement of the prevailing electricity system of homes i.e. electricity from the grid. This work also provides the cost analysis for proposed wind solar hybrid micro grid used on a domestic level and illustrates the energy conservations in future when the presented system is employed for the energy consumers at small scales. It also points out the ginormous figures of power reservation when advanced elongation of same wind and solar system is carried out. Calculations conclude that conservation of around 350MWh/year with utilization of the presented system. A case study for Lahore Electric Supply Company (LESCO) consumers (after employing proposed hybrid power system) estimates a preservation of worth 627 million US dollars/month.
Journal of Engineering Research, 2021
Turbomachinery has a vital role in the industrial engineering and the bladed disks such as; compr... more Turbomachinery has a vital role in the industrial engineering and the bladed disks such as; compressor, impeller pumps, turbine generator and jet engines are the critical components of turbomachinery. This work is focused on the “mistuning effect” of bladed disks of a turbine, which creates the lack of symmetry and ultimately damages the turbine blade. In order to completely understand the severity of the damage caused by the mistuning effect on the turbine disk, the study and analysis of the model parameters is very important. This work provides an insight to the various effects caused by the presence of crack and mistuning levels, in the mistuned turbine blisk, by using smeared material properties and modal assurance criterion (MAC) techniques. Moreover, a mistuned blisk model with four cracks (at various locations and different depth levels) has been developed and compared with the tuned blisk model, in order to determine the severity of damage occurred. The MAC results indicate ...
2020 IEEE 23rd International Multitopic Conference (INMIC), 2020
Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a desirable factor in the Photovoltaic (PV) systems and is... more Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a desirable factor in the Photovoltaic (PV) systems and is used to increase the extracted power of the PV system. There are many existing conventional techniques such as Perturb & Observe (P&O), Hill Climb (HC) and Incremental Conductance (IC) for the MPPT in PV systems. However, recently with inclusion of the artificial intelligence (AI) based techniques, the MPPT has become more efficient. This work presents the MPPT in PV system by an artificial intelligence technique called as Adaptive Neural-Fuzzy interface system (ANFIS). ANFIS is considered more accurate because of fast response as this technique is integration of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC). ANFIS uses the selectivity of FLC and Training of ANN in order to achieve the MPPT in PV systems which results in good computation and robust response. In this work, an ANFIS based MPPT system has been designed and compared in MATLAB/SIMULINK with other MPPT techniques. The comparison results verify that ANFIS based MPPT outperforms than ANN and FLC in terms of convergence time and output power under fixed as well as varying solar irradiance. Moreover, it is worth mentioning that the convergence time is ten times less in ANFIS method than FLC, IC and P&O techniques which results in less chance of error and accurate tracking of maximum power point (MPP).
Polymer Bulletin, 2020
In this work, epoxy resin samples incorporated with nano-Al 2 O 3 of various concentrations 0, 1,... more In this work, epoxy resin samples incorporated with nano-Al 2 O 3 of various concentrations 0, 1, 3 and 5 wt% were prepared. Surface treatment of nano-Al 2 O 3 was performed by the saline coupling agent of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) to restrict the aggregation. The thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) of the epoxy resin/ Al 2 O 3 nanocomposites was observed at different filler concentrations. TGA analysis indicated that incorporation of nano-Al 2 O 3 increases the decomposition temperature as compared to pure epoxy resin. Moreover, 3 wt% filler concentration showed increased decomposition temperature because nanoparticles form close connections between molecules due to which thermal stability improved at higher temperatures. Atomic force microscopy was employed for the surface morphology of epoxy resin/ Al 2 O 3 nanocomposites which has indicated that surface roughness of epoxy resin/ Al 2 O 3 nanocomposites increased slightly with the filler concentration. The distribution of trap energy and trap density obtained by isothermal surface potential decay measurements revealed that 1 wt% filler concentration results in decrease in surface potential decay rate. In addition, significant increase in deep trap energy level and trap density was obvious at 1 wt% filler concentration. AC and DC breakdown strength of the samples was measured to evaluate the effect of filler concentrations on the electrical characteristics of epoxy resin. The results showed that breakdown strength of the epoxy resin/Al 2 O 3 nanocomposites increases with the nano-Al 2 O 3 concentration. Moreover, increase in trap energy results in an increase in the breakdown strength of the nanoparticles.
Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal, 2019
The entire electrical system is changing at an abrupt speed since its beginning. With the rapid a... more The entire electrical system is changing at an abrupt speed since its beginning. With the rapid advance of renewable energies (which are constantly subject to fluctuations), the electricity generation is distributed to countless locations. The traditional model of the unidirectional flow of electricity is leaning towards multidirectional flows. This situation needs significant changes in the transport infrastructure of the electrical power system and mode of operation. Technological advancements are making a smarter and more organized management system of electricity supply and demand. This development needs to incorporate modern communication, monitoring, and control capabilities, along with the intelligent transport, generation, and storage value chain. Digital substations integrate thousands of sensors by providing greater comfort, self-reliance, availability, and safety while at the same time reducing costs, risks, and environmental damage. Conventional power system lacks digital communication, remote monitoring & control, and consumer participation. Fiber-optic cabling in digital substations will attain not only real-time data transmission but also remote maintenance. The comparison between conventional and digital substations has also been presented in this work along with latest trends in smart protection. Electronic protection and control devices based on a microprocessor, communicating with cloud servers, will enhance the flexibility to control and monitor the digital substations. A significant amount of data generated by components in the electrical substations will allow greater sophistication of the monitoring, diagnostic, protection and optimization capabilities of the facilities. The goal for the review of said advancements is to have a smart electrical system with greater efficiency and better user experience.
Nano Energy, 2018
The atomic thin, vertically-stacked 2H-MoTe 2 /MoS 2 heterostructures are successfully synthesize... more The atomic thin, vertically-stacked 2H-MoTe 2 /MoS 2 heterostructures are successfully synthesized using the single step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method and a magnet-assisted secondary precursor delivery tool. The second material (MoTe 2) was grown in a well-controlled, unique and epitaxial 2H-stacking mode atop 1 Y. Ding and N. Zhou contributed equally to this work. Highly crystallized bilayer MoTe 2 /MoS 2 p-n heterojunctions with advanced photoresponsivity are for the first time synthesized by a single-run chemical vapor deposition method. The photodetectors exhibit a tremendous photoresponsivity as 4.71 A/W and an external quantum efficiency (EQE) as 532 % at 1100 nm, while 4.67 A/W and 1935 % at 300 nm, which are one to two orders of magnitude higher than other transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) heterostructures reported so far.
Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids, Mar 14, 2018
We demonstrate for the first time the application of p-NiFeO/n-FeOcomposite thin films as anode m... more We demonstrate for the first time the application of p-NiFeO/n-FeOcomposite thin films as anode materials for light-assisted electrolysis of water. The p-NiFeO/n-FeOcomposite thin films were deposited on planar fluorinated tin oxide (FTO)-coated glass as well as on 3D array of nanospike (NSP) substrates. The effect of substrate (planar FTO and 3D-NSP) and percentage change of each component (i.e., NiFeOand FeO) of composite was studied on photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation reaction. This work also includes the performance comparison of p-NiFeO/n-FeOcomposite (planar and NSP) devices with pure hematite for PEC water oxidation. Overall, the nanostructured p-NiFeO/n-FeOdevice with equal molar 1:1 ratio of NiFeOand FeOwas found to be highly efficient for PEC water oxidation as compared with pure hematite, 1:2 and 1:3 molar ratios of composite. The photocurrent density of 1:1 composite thin film on planar substrate was equal to 1.07 mA/cmat 1.23 V, which was 1.7 times higher curr...
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Jun 1, 2022
The safe and reliable generation and transmission of electricity is the desirable factor for util... more The safe and reliable generation and transmission of electricity is the desirable factor for utilities which arises the need of protection equipment such as relays in the power systems. According to recent studies, the conventional relays are not able to provide the required protection to the power systems, resulting in the emergence of various artificial intelligence (AI) techniques such as (i) artificial neural network (ANN); (ii) adaptive neuro fuzzy interface system (ANFIS); and (iii) fuzzy logic based relays for the protection. This work presents the protection scheme for transmission lines using various AI based distance relays along with performance comparison of these relays with a conventional numerical distance relay (NL). The comparison analysis has been performed by generating a test model in the MATLAB/Simulink environment and comparing "response time" against the same fault occurence for all relays. The comparison analysis found that AI based relays outperformed than conventional relay in terms of response time and accuracy level against the faults.
Sustainability
Induction motors (IMs) are the backbone of industry, and play a vital role in daily life as well.... more Induction motors (IMs) are the backbone of industry, and play a vital role in daily life as well. However, induction motors face various faults during their operation, which may cause overheating, energy losses, and failure in the motors. Keeping in mind the severity of the issues associated with fault occurrence, this paper proposes a novel method of fault detection in induction motors by using “Machine Vision (MV)” along with “Infrared Thermography (IRT)”. It is worth mentioning that the timely prevention of faults in the IM ensures the motor’s safety from failures, and provides longer service life. In this work, a dataset of thermal images of an induction motor under different conditions (i.e., normal operation, overloaded, and fault) was developed using an infrared camera without disturbing the working condition of the motor. Then, the extracted thermal images were effectively used for the feature extraction and training by local octa pattern (LOP) and support-vector machine (SV...
Supplemental material, Supplemantry_Information-Multiple_damage_detections_in_plate-like_structur... more Supplemental material, Supplemantry_Information-Multiple_damage_detections_in_plate-like_structures_using_GSM for Multiple damage detections in plate-like structures using curvature mode shapes and gapped smoothing method by Saeed Ahmad, Aashir Waleed, Umar Siddique Virk, Muhammad Tanveer Riaz, Aamish Sharjeel and Nasir Ahmad in Advances in Mechanical Engineering
2021 International Conference on Innovative Computing (ICIC), 2021
In this modern world, the prosthetics are playing a vivid role in bringing ease and comfort to th... more In this modern world, the prosthetics are playing a vivid role in bringing ease and comfort to the handicapped persons. This work presents the design and development of a 3D prosthetic hand model equipped with the flex sensors in order to generate the human hand replica for a person with no hand. In addition to that, this work also presents the wireless control (select and place) of the prosthetic hand through Radio Frequency. The use of low cost flex sensors for the positioning of fingers and to add handgrip control in the prosthetic hand, makes the whole design cost efficient. From the working perspective, the resistance of the flex sensor varies differently for each finger’s movements, and this variation in the resistance is then utilized effectively to control the robotic hand. It is worth mentioning here that the inclusion of flex sensors is very beneficial from the economical point of view because it provides low cost solution as compared to existing costly technologies of prosthetics.
2019 International Symposium on Recent Advances in Electrical Engineering (RAEE), 2019
The health index calculation is a very useful tool for power transformer maintenance prediction. ... more The health index calculation is a very useful tool for power transformer maintenance prediction. Generally, transformer health condition is directly assessed by diagnostic tests carried out for the transformer insulation. Then these test results are used to evaluate health and to estimate the remaining life of the transformer. By using different parameters of the transformer, the Health Index shows the degradation of insulation in the transformer. These parameters of the transformer typically act at the identical time, due to this reason evaluation of health index of the transformer is very difficult. In this paper different parameters are utilized to create sub-models of fuzzy (i.e. DGA, Dielectric strength of oil, loading data, insulation resistance, C&DF) for assessment of transformer critical conditions. The integrated fuzzy model developed by combining the sub-models of fuzzy logic. This model of fuzzy logic provides the identification of transformer insulation condition & level of its criticality. The integrated fuzzy model approach decreases the complexity in life estimation and health index evaluation of power transformer. With the help of the health index, it can be determined the transformer health condition and can be taken the necessary remedial action to save the costly equipment at grid stations to overcome the occurrence of severe equipment damaging faults.
2020 3rd International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET), 2020
Parallel topology for star connected wind farms integrated with utility grid via voltage source I... more Parallel topology for star connected wind farms integrated with utility grid via voltage source Inverter (VSI) is a favorable topology. Faults in wind farms can be either AC or DC in nature. AC faults do not affect much the voltage source converters (VSC) connected with wind farms but DC faults damage these converters badly. This paper analyses faults and proposes protection scheme against different DC faults for star connected wind farms. Secondly, protection for the DC line is designed in such a way that if a fault occurs at any of the DC lines connected with VSC, the only faulty line should be isolated and thus providing protection to the remaining system. Moreover, the control system is designed in such a way that in case of single-source isolation remaining system will supply power to the utility grid and VSC and generator remain protected by inclusion of damping resistors.
Metal halide perovskite materials are emerging as highly promising materials for high performance... more Metal halide perovskite materials are emerging as highly promising materials for high performance optoelectronic devices thus triggered broad attention. Nanostructured perovskite materials have wide applications in nanoelectronics and nano-optoelectronics. Due to incompatibility of metal halide perovskite materials with conventional lithography techniques, it is preferable to achieve nano-perovskite material growth and assembly at the same time for further device applications. In our work, we have developed a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process to grow ordered three-dimensional (3-D) metal halide nanowire (NW) arrays in nanoengineering templates. This unique CVD process utilizes metal nanoclusters at the bottom of vertical nanochannels to initiate high quality NW growth. As the nanochannels have largely controllable geometrical factors, namely, periodicity, diameter and depth, NW geometry can also be precisely nanoengineered. As the result, the ordered 3-D NW arrays can achieve ...
Electrical Engineering, 2021
Vehicles have become an integral part of the modern era, but unfortunately conventional vehicles ... more Vehicles have become an integral part of the modern era, but unfortunately conventional vehicles consume non-renewable energy resources which have associated issue of air pollution. In addition to that, global warming and the shortage of fossil fuels have provided motivation to look for alternative to conventional vehicles. In the recent era, hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is becoming popular due to their attractive features of energy saving and less air pollution. This paper aimed at designing a hybrid electric vehicle control scheme with an effective energy management system under varying load conditions. The proposed hybrid energy storage system of the HEV in this work consists of two energy sources: (1) main source: fuel cell and (2) auxiliary source: ultra-capacitor and battery. Furthermore, a fuzzy logic-based nonlinear controller has been developed to effectively control the management of energy sources according to load demand. The proposed HEV model has been developed using MATLAB/Simulink environment and the simulation results verify that the proposed fuzzy logic-based controller provides better voltage regulation and efficient energy management for the complete drive range of the HEV. Moreover, a comparative study of the proposed controller with existing control methods affirms its better reference tracking with minimum overshoot, faster convergence, better stability, and enhanced regulation of DC bus bar voltages under varying load conditions.
2019 International Symposium on Recent Advances in Electrical Engineering (RAEE), 2019
Agricultural methods are changing rapidly because of recent advances in renewable energy technolo... more Agricultural methods are changing rapidly because of recent advances in renewable energy technology. The recent advancements in renewable energy can be effectively employed in the agriculture sector to reduce dependency on conventional crops irrigation techniques and fossil fuels. Fields and crops irrigation are usually performed by water pumps (runs on fossil fuels) which can lead to environmental damage and high agricultural costs. For the agricultural use such as irrigating the crops, Photovoltaic (PV) water irrigation system is the best technological solution. Photovoltaic powered water pumping system help in water pumping and is usually composed of solar panel arrays and AC/DC water pump. In such system, a solar cell generates DC current which is then converted to AC current (using DC-AC inverters) for operating the water pumps. It is also worth noting that the generated DC power by PV panels can also be stored in batteries for later use in night or darkness. This work presents a novel design for the solar-powered water pumping system with irrigation control feature. The humidity sensors and global system for mobile (GSM) module are installed for automation and wireless control of irrigation to reduce manpower needs. Overall, this article presents a novel, wireless, and automatic solar-powered water pumping and controlled irrigation system.
2020 3rd International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET), 2020
Domestic sector of Pakistan profoundly leans on grid electricity, generated by fossil fuel source... more Domestic sector of Pakistan profoundly leans on grid electricity, generated by fossil fuel sources. Fossil fuels are big source of environmental pollution, but renewable energy sources lead to clean and economically reasonable generation of electric power. This paper presents a completely elucidated wind solar hybrid micro grid system for domestic consumers as an entire replacement of the prevailing electricity system of homes i.e. electricity from the grid. This work also provides the cost analysis for proposed wind solar hybrid micro grid used on a domestic level and illustrates the energy conservations in future when the presented system is employed for the energy consumers at small scales. It also points out the ginormous figures of power reservation when advanced elongation of same wind and solar system is carried out. Calculations conclude that conservation of around 350MWh/year with utilization of the presented system. A case study for Lahore Electric Supply Company (LESCO) consumers (after employing proposed hybrid power system) estimates a preservation of worth 627 million US dollars/month.
Journal of Engineering Research, 2021
Turbomachinery has a vital role in the industrial engineering and the bladed disks such as; compr... more Turbomachinery has a vital role in the industrial engineering and the bladed disks such as; compressor, impeller pumps, turbine generator and jet engines are the critical components of turbomachinery. This work is focused on the “mistuning effect” of bladed disks of a turbine, which creates the lack of symmetry and ultimately damages the turbine blade. In order to completely understand the severity of the damage caused by the mistuning effect on the turbine disk, the study and analysis of the model parameters is very important. This work provides an insight to the various effects caused by the presence of crack and mistuning levels, in the mistuned turbine blisk, by using smeared material properties and modal assurance criterion (MAC) techniques. Moreover, a mistuned blisk model with four cracks (at various locations and different depth levels) has been developed and compared with the tuned blisk model, in order to determine the severity of damage occurred. The MAC results indicate ...
2020 IEEE 23rd International Multitopic Conference (INMIC), 2020
Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a desirable factor in the Photovoltaic (PV) systems and is... more Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a desirable factor in the Photovoltaic (PV) systems and is used to increase the extracted power of the PV system. There are many existing conventional techniques such as Perturb & Observe (P&O), Hill Climb (HC) and Incremental Conductance (IC) for the MPPT in PV systems. However, recently with inclusion of the artificial intelligence (AI) based techniques, the MPPT has become more efficient. This work presents the MPPT in PV system by an artificial intelligence technique called as Adaptive Neural-Fuzzy interface system (ANFIS). ANFIS is considered more accurate because of fast response as this technique is integration of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC). ANFIS uses the selectivity of FLC and Training of ANN in order to achieve the MPPT in PV systems which results in good computation and robust response. In this work, an ANFIS based MPPT system has been designed and compared in MATLAB/SIMULINK with other MPPT techniques. The comparison results verify that ANFIS based MPPT outperforms than ANN and FLC in terms of convergence time and output power under fixed as well as varying solar irradiance. Moreover, it is worth mentioning that the convergence time is ten times less in ANFIS method than FLC, IC and P&O techniques which results in less chance of error and accurate tracking of maximum power point (MPP).
Polymer Bulletin, 2020
In this work, epoxy resin samples incorporated with nano-Al 2 O 3 of various concentrations 0, 1,... more In this work, epoxy resin samples incorporated with nano-Al 2 O 3 of various concentrations 0, 1, 3 and 5 wt% were prepared. Surface treatment of nano-Al 2 O 3 was performed by the saline coupling agent of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) to restrict the aggregation. The thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) of the epoxy resin/ Al 2 O 3 nanocomposites was observed at different filler concentrations. TGA analysis indicated that incorporation of nano-Al 2 O 3 increases the decomposition temperature as compared to pure epoxy resin. Moreover, 3 wt% filler concentration showed increased decomposition temperature because nanoparticles form close connections between molecules due to which thermal stability improved at higher temperatures. Atomic force microscopy was employed for the surface morphology of epoxy resin/ Al 2 O 3 nanocomposites which has indicated that surface roughness of epoxy resin/ Al 2 O 3 nanocomposites increased slightly with the filler concentration. The distribution of trap energy and trap density obtained by isothermal surface potential decay measurements revealed that 1 wt% filler concentration results in decrease in surface potential decay rate. In addition, significant increase in deep trap energy level and trap density was obvious at 1 wt% filler concentration. AC and DC breakdown strength of the samples was measured to evaluate the effect of filler concentrations on the electrical characteristics of epoxy resin. The results showed that breakdown strength of the epoxy resin/Al 2 O 3 nanocomposites increases with the nano-Al 2 O 3 concentration. Moreover, increase in trap energy results in an increase in the breakdown strength of the nanoparticles.
Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal, 2019
The entire electrical system is changing at an abrupt speed since its beginning. With the rapid a... more The entire electrical system is changing at an abrupt speed since its beginning. With the rapid advance of renewable energies (which are constantly subject to fluctuations), the electricity generation is distributed to countless locations. The traditional model of the unidirectional flow of electricity is leaning towards multidirectional flows. This situation needs significant changes in the transport infrastructure of the electrical power system and mode of operation. Technological advancements are making a smarter and more organized management system of electricity supply and demand. This development needs to incorporate modern communication, monitoring, and control capabilities, along with the intelligent transport, generation, and storage value chain. Digital substations integrate thousands of sensors by providing greater comfort, self-reliance, availability, and safety while at the same time reducing costs, risks, and environmental damage. Conventional power system lacks digital communication, remote monitoring & control, and consumer participation. Fiber-optic cabling in digital substations will attain not only real-time data transmission but also remote maintenance. The comparison between conventional and digital substations has also been presented in this work along with latest trends in smart protection. Electronic protection and control devices based on a microprocessor, communicating with cloud servers, will enhance the flexibility to control and monitor the digital substations. A significant amount of data generated by components in the electrical substations will allow greater sophistication of the monitoring, diagnostic, protection and optimization capabilities of the facilities. The goal for the review of said advancements is to have a smart electrical system with greater efficiency and better user experience.
Nano Energy, 2018
The atomic thin, vertically-stacked 2H-MoTe 2 /MoS 2 heterostructures are successfully synthesize... more The atomic thin, vertically-stacked 2H-MoTe 2 /MoS 2 heterostructures are successfully synthesized using the single step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method and a magnet-assisted secondary precursor delivery tool. The second material (MoTe 2) was grown in a well-controlled, unique and epitaxial 2H-stacking mode atop 1 Y. Ding and N. Zhou contributed equally to this work. Highly crystallized bilayer MoTe 2 /MoS 2 p-n heterojunctions with advanced photoresponsivity are for the first time synthesized by a single-run chemical vapor deposition method. The photodetectors exhibit a tremendous photoresponsivity as 4.71 A/W and an external quantum efficiency (EQE) as 532 % at 1100 nm, while 4.67 A/W and 1935 % at 300 nm, which are one to two orders of magnitude higher than other transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) heterostructures reported so far.
Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids, Mar 14, 2018
We demonstrate for the first time the application of p-NiFeO/n-FeOcomposite thin films as anode m... more We demonstrate for the first time the application of p-NiFeO/n-FeOcomposite thin films as anode materials for light-assisted electrolysis of water. The p-NiFeO/n-FeOcomposite thin films were deposited on planar fluorinated tin oxide (FTO)-coated glass as well as on 3D array of nanospike (NSP) substrates. The effect of substrate (planar FTO and 3D-NSP) and percentage change of each component (i.e., NiFeOand FeO) of composite was studied on photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation reaction. This work also includes the performance comparison of p-NiFeO/n-FeOcomposite (planar and NSP) devices with pure hematite for PEC water oxidation. Overall, the nanostructured p-NiFeO/n-FeOdevice with equal molar 1:1 ratio of NiFeOand FeOwas found to be highly efficient for PEC water oxidation as compared with pure hematite, 1:2 and 1:3 molar ratios of composite. The photocurrent density of 1:1 composite thin film on planar substrate was equal to 1.07 mA/cmat 1.23 V, which was 1.7 times higher curr...