Wandong Wang - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Wandong Wang

Construction and Building Materials

Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 2021

This study aimed to reveal the interface behavior of iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) strip... more This study aimed to reveal the interface behavior of iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) strips bonded to metallic substrates in order to ensure the integrity of such joints. A series of single lap-shear tests was performed on Fe-SMA-to-steel adhesively bonded joints. The test results reveal that the bond strength can reach over 70% of the tensile strength of the Fe-SMA and the cohesive failure mode can be realized. It is identified that three energy dissipation mechanisms occurred during the debonding process, indicating that the experimentally obtained bond-slip relations represent more than the energy dissipation by the failure of the adhesive.

$Research paper thumbnail of A review of experimental and theoretical fracture characterization of bi-material bonded joints$

Composites Part B: Engineering, 2020

High performance structures require the use of different materials to meet their demanding requir... more High performance structures require the use of different materials to meet their demanding requirements. Especially fibre reinforced polymer composites are nowadays often bonded to metals in order to take the most advantage of the materials properties and to minimize their disadvantages. However, the interface in such bimaterial assemblies often represents the weakest point and thus has to be carefully addressed to ensure structural integrity. This review paper presents an overview of the research on bi-material interface crack problems over the past 30 years. Three categories of the research are discussed: mechanical testing, crack driving force and mode partitioning. The literature reveals that the key element to the fracture analysis of the bi-material interface crack is how to perform the mode partitioning. The proposed theories for mode partitioning by many researchers are meaningful yet underdeveloped and need further experimental validation.

Thin-Walled Structures, 2018

In the context of the prevalence of thin-walled metallic aerospace structures, the added resistan... more In the context of the prevalence of thin-walled metallic aerospace structures, the added resistance to crack propagation offered by a built-up structure is desirable from a damage tolerance standpoint. The analysis of failure in such structures, however, is limited by the lack of crack opening solutions. This paper develops analytical models that calculate crack opening displacements (CODs) for a more general cracking scenario, i.e. non-symmetric cracks. The proposed models are based on the Westergaard stress functions. It is then found that the COD solution of one model is particularly accurate. The potential significance of the obtained solutions lies in analysing failure in built-up structures containing non-symmetric cracks. The crack opening solution is particularly useful in estimating the load transfer between cracked body and intact bridging structures in built-up structures using the principle of displacement compatibility.

$Research paper thumbnail of Strain-based methodology for mixed-mode I+II fracture: A new partitioning method for bi-material adhesively bonded joints$

The Journal of Adhesion, 2019

The dissemination of composite materials introduces applications of hybrid structures with compos... more The dissemination of composite materials introduces applications of hybrid structures with composite and metal parts. The development of reliable methodologies to evaluate the performance of these structures is required. In this work, the mixed-mode fracture behaviour of a bi-material adhesively bonded joint is investigated. A new strain-based criterion for the design of the Mixed-Mode Bending (MMB) bi-material specimen is suggested. A new analytical partitioning method based on the 'global method' is proposed and tested on a composite-to-metal bonded joint and compared with a finite element model using the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT). The results show that the proposed strainbased design methodology can be successfully used in MMB test for bi-material joints. The fracture mode partitioning is accurately predicted by the analytical method. However, the absolute values of the strain energy release rate (SERR) predicted by the analytical method are only accurate if the shear deformation in the test is not significant.

Composites Part B: Engineering, 2018

An essential question to predict the structural integrity of bi-material bonded joints is how to ... more An essential question to predict the structural integrity of bi-material bonded joints is how to obtain their fracture properties under pure mode I. From open literature, it is found that the most commonly used design criterion to test mode I fracture is matching the flexural stiffnesses of the two adherents in a DCB coupon. However, the material asymmetry in such designed joints results in mode II fracture as well. In this paper, a new design criterion is proposed to obtain pure mode I fracture in adhesively bonded bi-material DCB joints by matching the longitudinal strain distributions of the two adherends at the bondline-longitudinal strain based criterion. A test program and Finite Element modelling have been carried out to verify the proposed design criterion using composite-metal bonded DCB joints. Both the experimental and numerical results show that pure mode I can be achieved in bi-material joints designed with the proposed criterion. G II /G I ratio is reduced by a factor of 5 when using the proposed longitudinal strain based criterion in comparison with the flexural stiffness based criterion.

Engineering Failure Analysis, 2018

Mechanically fastened joints are susceptible to the presence of multiple-site damage (MSD) cracks... more Mechanically fastened joints are susceptible to the presence of multiple-site damage (MSD) cracks in the critical fastener row. Different from the MSD growth in joints consisting of metallic substrates, the two coupled metal crack growth and interfacial delamination propagation failure mechanisms in Fibre Metal Laminates (FMLs) make the prediction of fatigue behaviour in FML joints with MSD scenario burdensome and impractical when considering all factors influencing the fatigue performance. This paper presents a theoretical study on the MSD crack growth behaviour in mechanically fastened FML joints with a focus of modelling the effects of bearing and bypass loads. The proposed model in this paper is built upon analytical models dealing with MSD growth in flat FML panels and single crack growth in FML panels subjected to a combined tension-pin loading case. This model would be particularly useful for symmetric FML joints where no secondary bending effects present. A deliberately designed symmetric FML joint was tested to validate the proposed model. The model captures the rapid crack growth in the vicinity of fastener holes due to bearing stresses and crack acceleration due to the interaction of cracks. It is identified that the load redistribution between intact fastener rows and the cracked fastener row accelerates crack growth with crack length. The effects of secondary bending stresses in FML joints on the crack growth behaviour is extensively discussed. The performance of the proposed model for single lap FML joints is also examined using test data from open literature. It is found that the proposed model provides a conservative prediction for the tested single shear lap FML joint from open literature.

International Journal of Fatigue, 2018

A challenge in developing an in-depth understanding of the crack growth resistance of Additively ... more A challenge in developing an in-depth understanding of the crack growth resistance of Additively Manufactured materials is the fact that their mechanical properties have been shown to be both process and part-geometry dependent. Up to now, no studies have investigated the influence of off-axis (beyond the three orthogonal build orientations) orientations on the fatigue crack growth behaviour of selective laser melted Ti-6Al-4V. Furthermore, the widespread use of compact tension specimens for investigating the material behaviour generates data more suitable for plane-strain conditions, rather than the plane-stress state which is more applicable to many lightweight aerospace structures. To address this gap in knowledge, a comprehensive study was carried out to investigate the influence of off-axis build direction in thin SLM Ti-6Al-4V plates, with a focus on the influence of columnar grain orientation on the fatigue crack growth behaviour. It was found that although a macroscopic columnar grain structure is visible on the specimens, it had no discernible influence on the crack growth resistance when the specimen had undergone a stress relieving or HIP heat treatment.

International Journal of Fatigue, 2017

This paper proposes an analytical model for predicting the non-symmetric crack growth and accompa... more This paper proposes an analytical model for predicting the non-symmetric crack growth and accompanying delamination growth in FMLs. The general approach of this model applies Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics, the pricinple of superposition, and displacement compatibility based on the understanding of deformation behaviour in eccentrically cracked metal panels. The non-symmetric crack growth behaviour of two crack tips and accompanying asymmetric load transfer from the eccentrically cracked metal layers to the intact bridging fibres are successfully predicted with the model. The predicted crack growth rates and delamination evolution are compared to test data, good correlation is observed.

Composite Structures, 2017

Fibre Metal Laminates (FMLs) are a hybrid metal-composite laminate technology known for their sup... more Fibre Metal Laminates (FMLs) are a hybrid metal-composite laminate technology known for their superior resistance to fatigue crack growth compared to monolithic metals. This crack growth behaviour has been the subject of many studies, resulting in numerous empirical and analytical models to describe the complex damage growth phenomenon in the material. This study builds upon the analytical Alderliesten crack growth prediction methodology for FMLs, extending it from a tension loaded plate to a case of a combined tension-pin loaded plate. This new loading case is a more representative case to utilise for predicting fatigue crack growth behaviour in mechanically fastened joints. Development of the model extension and validation through experimental testing are detailed within this paper.

Procedia Structural Integrity, 2016

During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding... more During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data.

Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 2015

Abstract This paper presents an analytical model for fatigue crack growth prediction in Fibre Met... more Abstract This paper presents an analytical model for fatigue crack growth prediction in Fibre Metal Laminates (FMLs) containing discretely notched layers. This model serves as a precursor in the development of a simplified prediction methodology for modelling the effect of load redistribution on a single crack in FMLs containing Multiple-site Damage (MSD) scenario. The model mainly focuses on capturing the influence of load distribution around discretely notched layers on the growth behaviour of an adjacent crack in a FML panel. The utilized approach in the model is the use of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) in conjunction with the principle of superposition and displacement compatibility. The proposed model is also validated using experimental data.

International Journal of Fatigue, 2021

An innovative fatigue strengthening solution for metallic structures that takes advantage of the ... more An innovative fatigue strengthening solution for metallic structures that takes advantage of the shape memory effect of an iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) and the bridging mechanism offered by the bonding technique has been proposed and examined. Fatigue tests on cracked steel plates with bonded carbon fiberreinforced polymer (CFRP) and nonprestressed and prestressed Fe-SMA strips were conducted. The experimental results demonstrate that the bonded prestressed Fe-SMA strips are much more effective than CFRP strips, extending the fatigue crack growth life by a factor of 3.51. The proposed innovative solution is highly effective in retarding fatigue crack growth in metallic structures.