William Cartwright - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Uploads

Papers by William Cartwright

Revista Brasileira de Cartografia, Sep 23, 2009

Web 2.0, map production & publishing and geospatial information dissemenation

The term ‘GeoMultimedia ’ conjures up a number of exploration and realisation tools that can be a... more The term ‘GeoMultimedia ’ conjures up a number of exploration and realisation tools that can be applied to the visualization of the Earth and the built environment. Cartography has developed geo(visualization) tools apace with the development of general multimedia software and hardware and the cartographic profession now embraces interactive multimedia as a key component of what this geo-scientific community offers to planning professionals and the general public. It is argued that Multimedia Cartography, a 'new ' method of access to and representation of geospatial information, is different to what could be described as the ‘traditional’ cartographic methods and therefore a ‘fledgling ’ cartographic genre that demands investigations regarding how it might be used for the exploration of geospatial information and the exploitation of the myriads of geospatial databases now available and being generated. This paper will specify what is unique about multimedia cartography, ho...

The use of multimedia to design and produce maps and atlas products requires a different approach... more The use of multimedia to design and produce maps and atlas products requires a different approach to that of assembling a mapping package with automated mapping systems or desktop publishing. Multimedia authoring packages allow for the assembly of an interactive atlas or map collection which can contain computer graphiCS, still and moving images, sound and video. These mapping elements can be cross-referenced and connected through hypertext links and pre-determined viewing routines. The authoring of multimedia products, which can be stored and distributed on CD-ROM, offers cartographers the ability to investigate and develop design strategies which can be implemented using non-conventional mapping packages. The mapping industry first used computers as "number crunchers", then to guide drawing instruments as CAD systems, then applied computer graphics to artwork production and output. Multimedia, and it's associated computer-driven devices may well become part of the t...

Prior to 1932, maps provided by London Transport clung closely to the geography above ground, irr... more Prior to 1932, maps provided by London Transport clung closely to the geography above ground, irrespective of the fact that the system being represented was a different geography altogether. In 1931, Electrical Draughtsman, Harry Beck designed a completely new representation of the Underground, which ignored the geography aboveground and concentrated on ‘mapping’ the lines, stations and interchanges. His design was tested by London Transport in 1932, with a trial print run. It was an immediate success! By distorting geography Beck made the product more usable and an effective communicator about how to move about (under) London. Quite recently, many from the design community have questioned whether Beck’s representation of London’s underground rail system is a map or a diagram. The majority of articles on this topic come from the design community, and they generally support the view that Beck’s product is a diagram, rather than a map. Very little comment on this debate comes from the...

The use of computer games as a tool for supporting learning about management and the appreciation... more The use of computer games as a tool for supporting learning about management and the appreciation of natural disasters is of great interest to many involved in supporting emergency services. Through the use of computer gameplay those involved in " front line " disaster or emergency management can experience scenarios through simulated situations. CODE RED: MOBILE is a game developed and designed with 7Scenes (7scenes.com) a free mobile game and editor for iPhone and iPad. Participants in the game learn about bushfires using visualisations created in modified (modded) Crysis Wars (Crytek.com) a computer game with a game editor. This paper outlines the development of CODE RED: MOBILE and discusses the results of the design of assessment of learning with the game using context based visualisations. INTRODUCTION This paper applies the notion of personal cognitive maps (Brown et al 2010) to an assessment of a pilot mobile learning package about bushfires in S.E. Australia calle...

Maps and map related objects are produced to represent geography. They range from paper maps to v... more Maps and map related objects are produced to represent geography. They range from paper maps to virtual installations, delivered using technologies that range from printing (traditional, on-demand and distributed) to the Internet (wired and wireless, desktop-facilitated and mobile). The underpinnings of the design and delivery of these representations are, and have been, linked to developments in theory and technology applied to the geosciences. These underpinning theories and technologies have been developed and applied throughout the course of the historical development of cartography and GI Science. This paper provides the results of a research project that was undertaken to ascertain how different thinking about what constitutes an artefact can be used to communicate information about geography. It has defined and investigated the development of different approaches to the depiction of geography in four eras: ‘Historical’; the ‘start’ of technology (1960s); the era of technologi...

The concept of crowdsourcing sounds like a potentially useful method to gather information collec... more The concept of crowdsourcing sounds like a potentially useful method to gather information collectively contributed by a group of individuals. However, how willing would individuals actually be in contributing information in reality? This paper primarily presents the findings from a visitor survey conducted at a prominent National Park in Victoria, Australia, as part of a research project. The survey's aim was to assess if park visitors would be likely to participate and contribute location-based information. The results show that around two thirds of visitors may contribute information through crowdsourcing projects or by using participatory tools if the park organisation were to organise or provide these. The task and purpose of the activity must be clear, and organised appropriately bearing in mind age and gender preferences. Issues such as data quality aside, aggregated data contributed by park visitors, if analysed appropriately, could potentially assist park management and...

Maps are ubiquitous, and created by people of all skill levels. However, many users still struggl... more Maps are ubiquitous, and created by people of all skill levels. However, many users still struggle to effectively interpret spatial information. Such users have been defined as 'functionally map illiterate' (Clarke 2003). This inability, or perhaps, more accurately, disability, to interpret spatial information can lead to negative experiences. This can be of great concern when these users need to undertake navigational tasks such as wayfinding. As a result, map users may experience anything ranging from unnecessary anxiety to sometimes tragic consequences, due to them being geographically disoriented or completely unaware of their location. To improve the map reading experience for inefficient map readers, it is argued that maps need to be created that allow them to interpret spatial information more easily and effectively. Various methods have been used to evaluate maps for their potential to correctly convey spatial information to specific user groups. It is therefore nece...

International Journal of Cartography, 2017

The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 2012

International Year Book and Statesmen's Who's Who

The term 'GeoMultimedia' conjures up a number of exploration and realisation tools that c... more The term 'GeoMultimedia' conjures up a number of exploration and realisation tools that can be applied to the visualization of the Earth and the built environment. Cartography has developed geo(visualization) tools apace with the development of general multimedia software and hardware and the cartographic profession now embraces interactive multimedia as a key component of what this geo-scientific community offers to planning professionals and the general public. It is argued that Multimedia Cartography, a 'new' method of access to and representation of geospatial information, is different to what could be described as the 'traditional' cartographic methods and therefore a 'fledgling' cartographic genre that demands investigations regarding how it might be used for the exploration of geospatial information and the exploitation of the myriads of geospatial databases now available and being generated. This paper will specify what is unique about multime...

Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography, 2010

Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography, 2011

Transactions in GIS, 2007

During every Australian summer fires are common in the south‐eastern region of the continent. The... more During every Australian summer fires are common in the south‐eastern region of the continent. The combined forces of climate, topography and vegetation make Victoria in particular, one of the most fire prone regions on earth (DSE 2003). Throughout its history, Victoria has seen a number of devastating bushfires, including Black Friday 1939, Ash Wednesday 1983, and more recently in the northeast of the State in 2003. The loss of life combined with the damage caused to land and property results in a heavy cost to the community. In Victoria, two of the organizations involved in fire management are the Victorian Department of Sustainability and Environment (DSE) and the Country Fire Authority (CFA). Both use fire ‘meters’ to determine potential fire behaviour given certain conditions. Values for temperature, wind speed, fuel load and vegetation type are input and a numerical estimate of fire danger given. There are a number of different meters used for different locations and environmen...

ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2010

International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 1999