William Rajesh - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by William Rajesh

Human Molecular Genetics, 2003

We previously reported genetic linkage of loci controlling age-at-onset in Alzheimer disease (AD)... more We previously reported genetic linkage of loci controlling age-at-onset in Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) to a 15 cM region on chromosome 10q. Given the large number of genes in this initial starting region, we applied the process of 'genomic convergence' to prioritize and reduce the number of candidate genes for further analysis. As our second convergence factor we performed gene expression studies on hippocampus obtained from AD patients and controls. Analysis revealed that four of the genes [stearoyl-CoA desaturase; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 1 beta subcomplex 8; protease, serine 11; and glutathione S-transferase, omega-1 (GSTO1)] were significantly different in their expression between AD and controls and mapped to the 10q age-at-onset linkage region, the first convergence factor. Using 2814 samples from our AD dataset (1773 AD patients) and 1362 samples from our PD dataset (635 PD patients), allelic association studies for age-at-onset effects in AD and PD revealed no association for three of the http://hmg.oxfordjournals.org/ Downloaded from candidates, but a significant association was found for GSTO1 (P ¼ 0.007) and a second transcribed member of the GST omega class, GSTO2 (P ¼ 0.005), located next to GSTO1. The functions of GSTO1 and GSTO2 are not well understood, but recent data suggest that GSTO1 maybe involved in the post-translational modification of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1b. This is provocative given reports of the possible role of inflammation in these two neurodegenerative disorders.

IEEE Internet Computing, 1997

T he World Wide Web is a very large distributed digital information space. From its origins in 19... more T he World Wide Web is a very large distributed digital information space. From its origins in 1991 as an organization-wide collaborative environment at CERN for sharing research documents in nuclear physics, the Web has grown to encompass diverse information resources: personal home pages; online digital libraries; virtual museums; product and service catalogs; government information for public dissemination; research publications; and Gopher, FTP, Usenet news, and mail servers. Some estimates suggest that the Web currently includes about 150 million pages and that this number doubles every four months.

American Journal of Human Genetics, 2002

Advanced LADAR receivers enable high accuracy identification of targets at ranges beyond standard... more Advanced LADAR receivers enable high accuracy identification of targets at ranges beyond standard EOIR sensors. Increased sensitivity of these receivers will enable reductions in laser power, hence more affordable, smaller sensors as well as much longer range of detection. Raytheon has made a recent breakthrough in LADAR architecture by combining very low noise ~ 30 electron front end amplifiers with moderate gain >60 Avalanche Photodiodes. The combination of these enables detection of laser pulse returns containing as few as one photon up to 1000s of photons. Because a lower APD gain is utilized the sensor operation differs dramatically from traditional "Geiger mode APD" LADARs. Linear mode photon counting LADAR offers advantages including: determination of intensity as well as time of arrival, nanosecond recovery times and discrimination between radiation events and signals. In our talk we will present an update of this development work: the basic amplifier and APD component performance, the front end architecture, the demonstration of single photon detection using a simple 4 × 4 SCA and the design and evaluation of critical components of a fully integrated photon counting camera under development in support of the Ultra-Sensitive Detector (USD) program sponsored by AFRL-Kirtland.

Indian Journal of Orthopaedics, 2009

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is serious consequence of cervical intervertebral disk dege... more Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is serious consequence of cervical intervertebral disk degeneration. Morbidity ranges from chronic neck pain, radicular pain, headache, myelopathy leading to weakness, and impaired fine motor coordination to quadriparesis and/or sphincter dysfunction. Surgical treatment remains the mainstay of treatment once myelopathy develops. Compared to more conventional surgical techniques for spinal cord decompression, such as anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, laminectomy, and laminoplasty, patients treated with corpectomy have better neurological recovery, less axial neck pain, and lower incidences of postoperative loss of sagittal plane alignment. The objective of this study was to analyze the outcome of corpectomy in cervical spondylotic myelopathy, to assess their improvement of symptoms, and to highlight complications of the procedure. Twenty-four patients underwent cervical corpectomy for cervical spondylotic myelopathy during June 1999 to July 2005.The anterior approach was used. Each patient was graded according to the Nuricks Grade (1972) and the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) Scale (1991), and the recovery rate was calculated. Preoperative patients had a mean Nurick&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s grade of 3.83, which was 1.67 postoperatively. Preoperative patients had a mean mJOA score of 9.67, whereas postoperatively it was 14.50. The mean recovery rate of patients postoperatively was 62.35% at a mean follow-up of 1 year (range, 8 months to 5 years).The complications included one case (4.17%) of radiculopathy, two cases (8.33%) of graft displacement, and two cases (8.33%) of screw back out/failure. Cervical corpectomy is a reliable and rewarding procedure for CSM, with functional improvement in most patients.

British Medical Journal, 2005

Transmission planning in todaypsilas deregulated electric power systems should, at best, include ... more Transmission planning in todaypsilas deregulated electric power systems should, at best, include a vigorous treatment of risk. Given that risk is the product of the likelihood of an event and the associated consequence (monetary or otherwise), it is present at every stage of the transmission expansion process - from the load forecast all the way to construction. Identification of risk factors at each stage of the transmission planning process, its likelihood and associated consequence is therefore critical, and necessary, in reaping maximum benefit. This paper provides a practical application of the inclusion of risk, based on the widely accepted Australia-New Zealand (AU-NZ) Risk Model, into the transmission planning process at Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) - a federal government agency that owns and operates the backbone of the electrical network of the US Pacific Northwest.

Annals of Neurology, 1997

Pharmacologic treatment for essential tremor and the tremor of Parkinson's disease is often inade... more Pharmacologic treatment for essential tremor and the tremor of Parkinson's disease is often inadequate. Stereotaxic surgery, such as thalamotomy, can effectively reduce tremors. We performed a multicenter trial of unilateral high-frequency stimulation of the ventral intermedius nucleus of the thalamus in 29 patients with essential tremor and 24 patients with Parkinson's disease, using a blinded assessment at 3 months after surgery to compare clinical rating of tremor with stimulation ON with stimulation OFF and baseline and a 1-year follow-up. Six patients were not implanted because of lack of intraoperative tremor suppression (2 patients), hemorrhage (2 patients), withdrawal of consent (1 patient), and persistent microthalamotomy effect (1 patient). A significant reduction in both essential and parkinsonian tremor occurred contralaterally with stimulation. Patients reported a significant reduction in disability. Measures of function were significantly improved in patients with essential tremor. Complications related to surgery in implanted patients were few. Stimulation was commonly associated with transient paresthesias. Other adverse effects were mild and well tolerated. Efficacy was not reduced at 1 year. Chronic high-frequency stimulation is safe and highly effective in ameliorating essential and parkinsonian tremor.

Nuclear Fusion, 1997

... JW CUTHBERTSONC, TE EVANS, P. GHENDRIHd, CJ LASNIER&quot;, AW LEONARD, R. MAINGI&... more ... JW CUTHBERTSONC, TE EVANS, P. GHENDRIHd, CJ LASNIER&quot;, AW LEONARD, R. MAINGI&quot;, GD PORTER&quot;, DG WHYTEf, RJ GROEBNER, RA JONG&quot;, M.Ali MAHDAVI, SJ THOMPSON, WP WEST, RD WOOD&quot; General Atomics, San Diego, California, United States of America ...

Journal of The American Society of Nephrology, 2007

Familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy (FJHN) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder that... more Familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy (FJHN) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder that is characterized by hyperuricemia, gout, and tubulointerstitial nephritis. FJHN is caused by mutations in the UMOD gene, which encodes for uromodulin, the most abundant urinary protein. Herein is demonstrated that patients with FJHN and renal insufficiency exhibit a profound reduction in urinary uromodulin together with either elevated or decreased plasma uromodulin. One young patient with FJHN, however, had normal serum creatinine and normal urinary uromodulin with elevated plasma uromodulin. These observations suggest that there are different urinary and plasma uromodulin profiles in early and late disease and that there may be an altered direction of uromodulin secretion in the course of FJHN as a result of improper intracellular sorting of the mutated protein in the thick ascending limb. With the use of immunohistochemistry and a quantitative immunoassay, targeting and secretion of wild-type and mutant (C77Y and N128S) uromodulin were investigated in the polarized renal epithelial cell line LLC-PK1. In transfected cells, uromodulin mutants were targeted properly to the apical membrane but were secreted less efficiently to the apical compartment than wild-type protein. The expression of mutant uromodulin had no effect on caspase 3 activity. These results indicate that the mutations studied do not impair glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-mediated apical targeting of the protein but do affect apical secretion. Because the mutant proteins are secreted as efficiently as wild type to the basolateral compartment, the possibility arises that interactions with the immune system at the site of secretion are a contributing factor to the development of tubulointerstitial nephritis in FJHN.

In this paper, a comprehensive study has been made on the performance evaluation of a two-layer s... more In this paper, a comprehensive study has been made on the performance evaluation of a two-layer spreading scheme based MC-CDMA wireless communication system. The ½-rated convolutionally encoded system under present study incorporates three linear signal detection techniques (Equalizers) such as Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE), Zero Forcing (ZF) and Sphere Decoding (SD) under BPSK, DPSK, QPSK and QAM digital modulations. Computer simulation results demonstrate that the proposed system outperforms with BPSK and MMSE as compared to other digital modulations and signal detection schemes. It is noticeable that the system is highly effective to combat inherent interferences under Rayleigh fading channel and the system performance deteriorates with increase in order of digital modulation and noise power as compared to signal power.