William Zealey - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by William Zealey

Research paper thumbnail of Supporting Physics Teachers to Deliver the New High School Certificate Syllabus: What are the Priorities?

2018 IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 2018

For the first time since 2000, the New South Wales High School Certificate (HSC) school-leavers' ... more For the first time since 2000, the New South Wales High School Certificate (HSC) school-leavers' Physics syllabus has been updated. Topics not taught in schools since 2000 have been reintroduced, the number of mandated equations has more than doubled, and students must now do 15 hours of individual or group investigations in both Years 11 and 12. The Vniversity of Wollongong (UOW) intends to support teachers in our local area by providing outreach and professional learning activities for teachers and students. To determine teachers' priorities, we invited teachers to complete a short online survey. Respondents stated that they were very likely to access activities and resources, and that their top priorities were accredited professional learning workshops and support with depth studies.

Research paper thumbnail of Bra–breast forces generated in women with large breasts while standing and during treadmill running: Implications for sports bra design

Applied Ergonomics, 2013

This study aimed to determine the bra-breast forces generated in women with large breasts while t... more This study aimed to determine the bra-breast forces generated in women with large breasts while these women wore different levels of breast support during both upright standing and treadmill running. The mean bilateral vertical component of the bra-breast force in standing was 11.7 ± 4.6 N, whereas during treadmill running the mean unilateral bra-breast force was 8.7 ± 6.4 N and 14.7 ± 10.3 N in the high and low support conditions, respectively. Furthermore, breast mass was significantly correlated with vertical breast displacement (R(2) = 0.62) in the high support condition. The wide range of breast masses of women with large breasts is an important consideration for designers of sports bras to ensure these bras can reduce force generation and breast discomfort by providing a high level of breast support while these women participate in physical activity.

Research paper thumbnail of Development of Asteroid Mining Concepts

Research paper thumbnail of HII Complexes and Cometary Globules

Research paper thumbnail of The Use of Desktop Scanners in Dosimetry Measurement Protocols Measurement Protocols

Research paper thumbnail of Western Magellanic Bridge HI observations (Muller+, 2003)

Vizier Online Data Catalog, Mar 1, 2003

ABSTRACT Here we present high spatial and velocity resolution observations of the Magellanic Brid... more ABSTRACT Here we present high spatial and velocity resolution observations of the Magellanic Bridge, conducted with both the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and with the Parkes telescope. ATCA observation of the 21-cm H I line were made over a 7x6deg2 field using the 375-m configuration of the ATCA. These observations were made over three sessions: 1997 April 13, 15-16, 18; 1997 October 9-15; and 2000 January 29-February 2. The ATCA observations were made using a 4-MHz bandwidth, with 1024 channels at a central frequency of 1.420GHz. Parkes observations were made using the Multibeam receiver on the 64-m Parkes telescope, during 1999 November 2-8. Only the seven inner receivers of the Multibeam array were used, with each beam having a FWHM width of 14.1arcmin. 48 overlapping scans were made in declination, using the on-the-fly mapping mode at 1deg/min in declination. The scans were centred on RA=02h00m, DE=-72{deg}20', and extended 8{deg} in declination and in RA, large enough to fully encompass the area observed with the ATCA. (1 data file).

Research paper thumbnail of Variable Radio Sources in the Corona Australis Cloud

Astron J, 1996

... of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2521, Australia Electronic mail: mgs@ee.su... more ... of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2521, Australia Electronic mail: mgs@ee.su.oz.au RON T. STEWART Australia Telescope National Facility, PO Box 76, Epping, NSW 2121, Australia Electronic mail: rstewart@atnf.csiro.au ALEXANDER BROWN Center for ...

Research paper thumbnail of Supernova in ESO 290-G50

Research paper thumbnail of HII Complexes and Cometary Globules

Research paper thumbnail of Supernova in Anonymous Galaxy

Research paper thumbnail of The jet and energy source of HH 34

Research paper thumbnail of The Use of Desktop Scanners in Dosimetry

In this paper we evaluate the use of scanners in reflection and transmission mode for digitising ... more In this paper we evaluate the use of scanners in reflection and transmission mode for digitising film and establish procedures to compensate for desktop scanner’s nonuniform illumination and variations in response over time.

Research paper thumbnail of The Coalsack Shell Revisited-A Large Diameter H-alpha Shell seen in the line of sight of the Coalsack Dark Cloud IAU Rio de Janeiro 2009 Poster Paper

The "Coalsack Shell" is a 10 degree diameter ring of visible emission nebulosity centre... more The "Coalsack Shell" is a 10 degree diameter ring of visible emission nebulosity centred on the Coalsack dark cloud, which is seen in projection against the Shell's centre. Walker and Zealey (1998) first noted the Shell on ESO/SERC IIIaF Sky Survey plates and subsequently obtained H-alpha images as part of the "MSSSO Wide Field CCD H-alpha Imaging Survey". The optical shell has counterparts in the radio continuum (Condon et al., 1993, Duncan et al.,1995), HI (McClure Griffiths et al., 2001), and in X-rays (Andersson et al., 2004). Detrended IRAS 60 and 100 micron images show warm dust delineating part of the northern shell. Many smaller dark clouds can be seen, against the shell's background emission, above and below the galactic plane. Over the past ten years deep, the low resolution Southern H-Alpha Sky Survey Atlas (Gaustad et al., 2001) and the high resolution AAO/UKST Galactic Plane H-alpha Survey (Parker et al., 2005) have become available allowing ...

Research paper thumbnail of Glacial, Periglacial and Glacio-Volcanic Structures on the Echus Plateau, Upper Kasei Vallis

Sinuous ridges, 270 km long and 200 m high, cross the Hesperian lavas above Echus Chasma. The eas... more Sinuous ridges, 270 km long and 200 m high, cross the Hesperian lavas above Echus Chasma. The eastern edge of Echus Plateau is bounded by glacial outwash extending along the edge of Echus Chasma. The presence of volcanic and glacial structures indicates a subglacial volcanic origin for the ridges.

Research paper thumbnail of Star Counts in the Lagoon, Trifid and W28 Complex

... Such a sequence had to be established by a transfer process, from a sequence (NGC 6494) on a ... more ... Such a sequence had to be established by a transfer process, from a sequence (NGC 6494) on a neighboring plate. This was carried out using an iris photometer and working via intermediate standards in the overlap between plates. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of high and low breast support on breast kinematics and kinetics during treadmill running

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2010

Effects of high and low breast support on breast kinematics and kinetics during Effects of high a... more Effects of high and low breast support on breast kinematics and kinetics during Effects of high and low breast support on breast kinematics and kinetics during treadmill running treadmill running

Research paper thumbnail of The Energy Source of HH:34 and its Highly Collimated Jet

Proceedings of The International Astronomical Union, 1987

Research paper thumbnail of The W28 Supernova and the Surrounding Interstellar Medium

Supernova Remnants and their X-Ray Emission, 1983

Research paper thumbnail of Performance of Al 2 O 3 :C optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters for clinical radiation therapy applications*

Australas Phys Eng Sci Med, 2009

A commercial Optical Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dosimetry system developed by Landauer was tes... more A commercial Optical Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dosimetry system developed by Landauer was tested to analyse the possibility of using OSL dosimetry for external beam radiotherapy planning checks. Experiments were performed to determine signal sensitivity, dose response range, beam type/energy dependency, reproducibility and linearity. Optical annealing processes to test OSL material reusability were also studied. In each case the measurements were converted into absorbed dose. The experimental results show that OSL dosimetry provides a wide dose response range, good linearity and reproducibility for the doses up to 800cGy. The OSL output is linear with dose up to 600cGy range showing a maximum deviation from linearity of 2.0% for the doses above 600cGy. The standard deviation in response of 20 dosimeters was 3.0%. After optical annealing using incandescent light, the readout intensity decreased by approximately 98% in the first 30 minutes. The readout intensity, I, decreased after repeated optical annealing as a power law, given by

Research paper thumbnail of An investigation into the source of low energy scattered radiation of significance in film dosimetry

Australasian Physics & Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 2002

The nature of the background optical density on films exposed to orthovoltage x-rays and electron... more The nature of the background optical density on films exposed to orthovoltage x-rays and electron beams has been studied for correction purposes. A higher than expected background value can be demonstrated by comparing the film scanned beam profile with water phantom ionisation scans of the same beam. A range of 3-5% increased background in the penumbral tail, with energy dependence, has been shown experimentally. Testing the assumption that this increased background is due to Cerenkov radiation produced in the film, Filmstrips were interleaved in a solid water equivalent phantom and exposed to 300kV orthovoltage x-ray beams and 5MeV to 12MeV electron beams. The film stacks were made up of single or multiple bare filmstrips, multiple filmstrips interleaved with black paper, and multiple filmstrips interleaved with overhead transparency sheet. The experimental result demonstrated that visible light was not significantly responsible for an enhanced film optical density, but rather that this was due to scattered radiation, with a complex low energy spectrum, arising from the film silver halide emulsion or base. An improved background correction technique is developed which incorporates this unexpected background value as an added component in the correction applied to the measured optical density. The resulting profiles exhibit improved agreement between film and ionization chamber measurements in the penumbra and tail regions.

Research paper thumbnail of Supporting Physics Teachers to Deliver the New High School Certificate Syllabus: What are the Priorities?

2018 IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 2018

For the first time since 2000, the New South Wales High School Certificate (HSC) school-leavers' ... more For the first time since 2000, the New South Wales High School Certificate (HSC) school-leavers' Physics syllabus has been updated. Topics not taught in schools since 2000 have been reintroduced, the number of mandated equations has more than doubled, and students must now do 15 hours of individual or group investigations in both Years 11 and 12. The Vniversity of Wollongong (UOW) intends to support teachers in our local area by providing outreach and professional learning activities for teachers and students. To determine teachers' priorities, we invited teachers to complete a short online survey. Respondents stated that they were very likely to access activities and resources, and that their top priorities were accredited professional learning workshops and support with depth studies.

Research paper thumbnail of Bra–breast forces generated in women with large breasts while standing and during treadmill running: Implications for sports bra design

Applied Ergonomics, 2013

This study aimed to determine the bra-breast forces generated in women with large breasts while t... more This study aimed to determine the bra-breast forces generated in women with large breasts while these women wore different levels of breast support during both upright standing and treadmill running. The mean bilateral vertical component of the bra-breast force in standing was 11.7 ± 4.6 N, whereas during treadmill running the mean unilateral bra-breast force was 8.7 ± 6.4 N and 14.7 ± 10.3 N in the high and low support conditions, respectively. Furthermore, breast mass was significantly correlated with vertical breast displacement (R(2) = 0.62) in the high support condition. The wide range of breast masses of women with large breasts is an important consideration for designers of sports bras to ensure these bras can reduce force generation and breast discomfort by providing a high level of breast support while these women participate in physical activity.

Research paper thumbnail of Development of Asteroid Mining Concepts

Research paper thumbnail of HII Complexes and Cometary Globules

Research paper thumbnail of The Use of Desktop Scanners in Dosimetry Measurement Protocols Measurement Protocols

Research paper thumbnail of Western Magellanic Bridge HI observations (Muller+, 2003)

Vizier Online Data Catalog, Mar 1, 2003

ABSTRACT Here we present high spatial and velocity resolution observations of the Magellanic Brid... more ABSTRACT Here we present high spatial and velocity resolution observations of the Magellanic Bridge, conducted with both the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and with the Parkes telescope. ATCA observation of the 21-cm H I line were made over a 7x6deg2 field using the 375-m configuration of the ATCA. These observations were made over three sessions: 1997 April 13, 15-16, 18; 1997 October 9-15; and 2000 January 29-February 2. The ATCA observations were made using a 4-MHz bandwidth, with 1024 channels at a central frequency of 1.420GHz. Parkes observations were made using the Multibeam receiver on the 64-m Parkes telescope, during 1999 November 2-8. Only the seven inner receivers of the Multibeam array were used, with each beam having a FWHM width of 14.1arcmin. 48 overlapping scans were made in declination, using the on-the-fly mapping mode at 1deg/min in declination. The scans were centred on RA=02h00m, DE=-72{deg}20', and extended 8{deg} in declination and in RA, large enough to fully encompass the area observed with the ATCA. (1 data file).

Research paper thumbnail of Variable Radio Sources in the Corona Australis Cloud

Astron J, 1996

... of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2521, Australia Electronic mail: mgs@ee.su... more ... of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2521, Australia Electronic mail: mgs@ee.su.oz.au RON T. STEWART Australia Telescope National Facility, PO Box 76, Epping, NSW 2121, Australia Electronic mail: rstewart@atnf.csiro.au ALEXANDER BROWN Center for ...

Research paper thumbnail of Supernova in ESO 290-G50

Research paper thumbnail of HII Complexes and Cometary Globules

Research paper thumbnail of Supernova in Anonymous Galaxy

Research paper thumbnail of The jet and energy source of HH 34

Research paper thumbnail of The Use of Desktop Scanners in Dosimetry

In this paper we evaluate the use of scanners in reflection and transmission mode for digitising ... more In this paper we evaluate the use of scanners in reflection and transmission mode for digitising film and establish procedures to compensate for desktop scanner’s nonuniform illumination and variations in response over time.

Research paper thumbnail of The Coalsack Shell Revisited-A Large Diameter H-alpha Shell seen in the line of sight of the Coalsack Dark Cloud IAU Rio de Janeiro 2009 Poster Paper

The "Coalsack Shell" is a 10 degree diameter ring of visible emission nebulosity centre... more The "Coalsack Shell" is a 10 degree diameter ring of visible emission nebulosity centred on the Coalsack dark cloud, which is seen in projection against the Shell's centre. Walker and Zealey (1998) first noted the Shell on ESO/SERC IIIaF Sky Survey plates and subsequently obtained H-alpha images as part of the "MSSSO Wide Field CCD H-alpha Imaging Survey". The optical shell has counterparts in the radio continuum (Condon et al., 1993, Duncan et al.,1995), HI (McClure Griffiths et al., 2001), and in X-rays (Andersson et al., 2004). Detrended IRAS 60 and 100 micron images show warm dust delineating part of the northern shell. Many smaller dark clouds can be seen, against the shell's background emission, above and below the galactic plane. Over the past ten years deep, the low resolution Southern H-Alpha Sky Survey Atlas (Gaustad et al., 2001) and the high resolution AAO/UKST Galactic Plane H-alpha Survey (Parker et al., 2005) have become available allowing ...

Research paper thumbnail of Glacial, Periglacial and Glacio-Volcanic Structures on the Echus Plateau, Upper Kasei Vallis

Sinuous ridges, 270 km long and 200 m high, cross the Hesperian lavas above Echus Chasma. The eas... more Sinuous ridges, 270 km long and 200 m high, cross the Hesperian lavas above Echus Chasma. The eastern edge of Echus Plateau is bounded by glacial outwash extending along the edge of Echus Chasma. The presence of volcanic and glacial structures indicates a subglacial volcanic origin for the ridges.

Research paper thumbnail of Star Counts in the Lagoon, Trifid and W28 Complex

... Such a sequence had to be established by a transfer process, from a sequence (NGC 6494) on a ... more ... Such a sequence had to be established by a transfer process, from a sequence (NGC 6494) on a neighboring plate. This was carried out using an iris photometer and working via intermediate standards in the overlap between plates. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of high and low breast support on breast kinematics and kinetics during treadmill running

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2010

Effects of high and low breast support on breast kinematics and kinetics during Effects of high a... more Effects of high and low breast support on breast kinematics and kinetics during Effects of high and low breast support on breast kinematics and kinetics during treadmill running treadmill running

Research paper thumbnail of The Energy Source of HH:34 and its Highly Collimated Jet

Proceedings of The International Astronomical Union, 1987

Research paper thumbnail of The W28 Supernova and the Surrounding Interstellar Medium

Supernova Remnants and their X-Ray Emission, 1983

Research paper thumbnail of Performance of Al 2 O 3 :C optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters for clinical radiation therapy applications*

Australas Phys Eng Sci Med, 2009

A commercial Optical Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dosimetry system developed by Landauer was tes... more A commercial Optical Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dosimetry system developed by Landauer was tested to analyse the possibility of using OSL dosimetry for external beam radiotherapy planning checks. Experiments were performed to determine signal sensitivity, dose response range, beam type/energy dependency, reproducibility and linearity. Optical annealing processes to test OSL material reusability were also studied. In each case the measurements were converted into absorbed dose. The experimental results show that OSL dosimetry provides a wide dose response range, good linearity and reproducibility for the doses up to 800cGy. The OSL output is linear with dose up to 600cGy range showing a maximum deviation from linearity of 2.0% for the doses above 600cGy. The standard deviation in response of 20 dosimeters was 3.0%. After optical annealing using incandescent light, the readout intensity decreased by approximately 98% in the first 30 minutes. The readout intensity, I, decreased after repeated optical annealing as a power law, given by

Research paper thumbnail of An investigation into the source of low energy scattered radiation of significance in film dosimetry

Australasian Physics & Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 2002

The nature of the background optical density on films exposed to orthovoltage x-rays and electron... more The nature of the background optical density on films exposed to orthovoltage x-rays and electron beams has been studied for correction purposes. A higher than expected background value can be demonstrated by comparing the film scanned beam profile with water phantom ionisation scans of the same beam. A range of 3-5% increased background in the penumbral tail, with energy dependence, has been shown experimentally. Testing the assumption that this increased background is due to Cerenkov radiation produced in the film, Filmstrips were interleaved in a solid water equivalent phantom and exposed to 300kV orthovoltage x-ray beams and 5MeV to 12MeV electron beams. The film stacks were made up of single or multiple bare filmstrips, multiple filmstrips interleaved with black paper, and multiple filmstrips interleaved with overhead transparency sheet. The experimental result demonstrated that visible light was not significantly responsible for an enhanced film optical density, but rather that this was due to scattered radiation, with a complex low energy spectrum, arising from the film silver halide emulsion or base. An improved background correction technique is developed which incorporates this unexpected background value as an added component in the correction applied to the measured optical density. The resulting profiles exhibit improved agreement between film and ionization chamber measurements in the penumbra and tail regions.