Yahya Al-Degs - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Yahya Al-Degs

ACTA Pharmaceutica Sciencia, 2019

The analytical performance of cumulative area pre-processing (CAP), a recently developed signal f... more The analytical performance of cumulative area pre-processing (CAP), a recently developed signal filtering method, along with multivariate calibration for quantification of spectrally overlying drugs was outlined. The drug combinations containing high level of paracetamol (PAR) in the presence of caffeine (CAF), chlorpheniramine maleate (CHL), pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (PSE), phenylephrine hydrochloride (PHE), and diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH). The tested formulations were: PAR-CAF-PHE, PAR-CAF-PHE, and PAR-DRH. Based on netanalyte signal calculations, the formulations exhibited intense overlapping 53-68% for PAR-PSE-CHL, 55-95% for PAR-CAF-PHE, and 44% for PAR-DRH. For each system, PLS latent variables were estimated using cross-validation technique and more factors were needed for highly overlapping systems. PLS-CAP was found applicable for drugs quantification in all systems with excellent performance regardless the size of spectral overlapping and ratios of components in the formulation. For PAR-PSE-CHL (ratio 300:30:2 mg/tablet), the ingredients were quantified by CAP-PLS with satisfactorily recoveries (RSD, n = 3) 89.9% (3.1%), 104.6% (2.7%), and 99.0% (1.5%) for PAR, PSE, and CHL, respectively. Both PLS and CAP-PLS were demonstrated the same performance for binary system of modest overlapping and no component available in low concentration.

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2014

Commercial diesel is often rich with organosulfur compounds and a value of 7,100 mgS/kg was recen... more Commercial diesel is often rich with organosulfur compounds and a value of 7,100 mgS/kg was recently reported. As confirmed by chromatographic analysis, about 36% of sulfur compounds are originated from dibenzothiophene. Following uncommon desulfurization method, organosulfur compounds were efficiently removed upon diesel acidification by organic acids prior to activated carbon adsorption. Protonation of S-containing compounds has enhanced their uptake by activated carbon. Competitive adsorption of di/tri/tetra-aromatics and dibenzothiophene from synthetic fuel proved that the later solute was preferentially removed against other aromatics upon fuel acidification. Results showed that 48% of organosulfur compounds were eliminated upon adding acetic acid to a final content of 3% by vol.. Principal component analysis indicated that acid content and carbon mass are the most significant factors on organosulfur compounds removal: %Removal=5.8 (Acid Content)+6.3 (Mass)− 0.02 (PD)− 0.90 (Temp). The practical efficiency of the proposed method was demonstrated by removing organosulfur compounds from commercial diesel.

Environmental Technology, Jul 14, 2014

The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with p... more The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden.

Separation Science and Technology, Jul 1, 2007

Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.informaworld.com/terms-and-conditions-of-access.pdf ... more Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.informaworld.com/terms-and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article maybe used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution , reselling , loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.

Clay Minerals, Dec 1, 2003

Four different types of natural clay were tested as potential adsorbents for toxic Pb 2+ ions. Ba... more Four different types of natural clay were tested as potential adsorbents for toxic Pb 2+ ions. Based on the preliminary screening studies, the adsorbents were effective at retaining Pb 2+ ions from solution. A strong correlation was observed between the cation exchange capacity of clay samples and their function as adsorbents of Pb 2+ ions. An adsorption isotherm of Pb ions on Petra clay was measured at 30ºC and at a concentration range of 0-200 mg dm-3. Over the entire concentration range, the Langmuir isotherm gave a good representation of adsorption data, which confirms the formation of one molecular layer of adsorbate on the clay surface. Two variables were investigated to elucidate the rate-limiting steps of adsorption: the effect of initial concentration of Pb 2+ and the effect of solution temperature. It is concluded that external diffusion was the only mechanism in operation in the adsorption process. It has been noted that adsorption of Pb 2+ by natural clay is a fast process, where 80% of equilibrium capacity was established within the first minutes of interaction.

Talanta, May 15, 2010

The viscosity index (VI) and the base number (BN) of motor oils are the most important parameters... more The viscosity index (VI) and the base number (BN) of motor oils are the most important parameters to be measured in order to assess their performance and service time. Both parameters were simply obtained for virgin and recycled motor oil samples using multivariate calibration based on the FTIR data. Analysis showed that the PLS-1 has outperformed CLS and PCR for the oil parameters prediction. Five and four PLS-1 latent variables were found optimum to obtained the VI and the BN from the FTIR data; respectively. With high accuracy (99-102%) and precision (3-11%), the BN could be determined over the range 4.57-16.45 mg KOH g −1 and the VI over the range 96-153. The outputs of the PLS-1 were found comparable to those obtained by the expensive and time-consuming ASTM methods. This developed method is highly recommended for quick monitoring of the motor oil quality parameters.

Talanta, Sep 15, 2008

In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop a feasible procedure for the prediction of qua... more In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop a feasible procedure for the prediction of quality parameters of motor gasoline and to discriminate between the different adulterated motor gasoline samples using density values, distillation temperatures and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses along with multivariate calibrations without the need for using chromatographic separation or other expensive instruments such as an octane number analyser. Ten blend mixtures of regular and super motor gasoline were prepared in order to study density, distillation temperatures and FTIR spectra characteristics for each blend. Distillation temperatures for the pure and blend mixtures of regular and super motor gasoline at initial boiling point (IBP) to final boling point (FBP) at 5%Vol. interval were obtained. Accurate and complete distillation data on the uncontaminated fuel would be essential for comparison.

Food Chemistry, Dec 1, 2009

Allura Red, Sunset Yellow, and Tartrazine usually present in commercial soft drinks were accurate... more Allura Red, Sunset Yellow, and Tartrazine usually present in commercial soft drinks were accurately quantified using HLA/GO method, a net analyte signal-based method, without the need for solutes separation. The obtained percent recoveries (R.S.D.) of dyes were 99.8 (2.8), 102 (3.3), and 100 (4.5) for Allura Red, Sunset Yellow, and Tartrazine, respectively. The calibration method was applied for analysis of food dyes in powdered soft drinks with minimum sample preparation measures. The proposed HLA/GO method was validated against a standard HPLC method. Statistical analyses showed insignificant differences between the results of two methods. The developed HLA/GO method offers a simple and rapid procedure for determination of food dyes in powdered soft drinks in comparison with HPLC methodology.

Water Research, Aug 1, 2006

Natural Jordanian sorbent (consisting of primary minerals, i.e., quartz and aluminosilicates and ... more Natural Jordanian sorbent (consisting of primary minerals, i.e., quartz and aluminosilicates and secondary minerals, i.e., calcite and dolomite) was shown to be effective for removing Zn(II), Pb(II) and Co(II) from aqueous solution. The major mineral constitutions of the sorbent are calcite and quartz. Dolomite was present as minor mineral and palygorskite was present as trace mineral. The sorbent has microporous structure with a modest surface area of 14.4 m 2 g À1. pH zpc (pH of zero point charge) of the sorbent was estimated by alkaline-titration methods and a value of 9.5 was obtained. The sorption capacities of the metals were: 2.860, 0.320, 0.076 mmol cation g À1 for Zn(II), Pb(II) and Co(II) at pH 6.5, 4.5 and 7.0, respectively. The shape of the experimental isotherm of Zn(II) was of a ''L2'' type, while that of Pb(II) and Co(II) was of a ''L1'' type according to Giles classification for isotherms. Sorption data of metals were described by Langmuir and Freundlich models over the entire concentration range. It was found that the mechanism of metal sorption was mainly due to precipitation of metal carbonate complexes. The overall sorption capacity decreased after acid treatment, as this decreased the extent of precipitation on calcite and dolomite. The effect of Zn(II) ions concentration on sorption kinetics was investigated. Kinetic data were accurately fitted to pseudo-first order and external diffusion models which indicated that sorption of Zn(II) occurred on the exterior surface of the sorbent and the contribution of internal diffusion mechanism was insignificant. Furthermore, the sorption rate of Zn(II) was found to be slow, where only 10-20% of the maximum capacity was utilized in the first 30 min of interaction.

Water Science and Technology, Oct 1, 2012

A simple analytical procedure is proposed for simultaneous determination of three common dyes (Ba... more A simple analytical procedure is proposed for simultaneous determination of three common dyes (Basic Blue 9, Brilliant Blue E-4BA, and Reactive Blue 2) in natural waters without prior separation of the solutes. A popular chemometric method, partial least squares regression PLS-1, was effectively applied for spectral resolution of a highly overlapping system. At the best modeling conditions, mean recoveries and relative standard deviations (RSD) for dyes quantification by PLS-1 were found to be 102.1 (4.4), 95.7 (8.4), and 98.9 (6.2) for Basic Blue, Brilliant Blue, and Reactive Blue, respectively. The estimated limits of detection (LOD) were estimated using net-analyte signal concept and were 0.11, 0.52, 0.49 mg L À1 for Basic Blue, Brilliant Blue, and Reactive Blue, respectively. The quantitative determination of dyes spiked in real water samples was carried out successfully by PLS-1 with satisfactory recoveries for dyes (90-106%).

Dyes and Pigments, 2008

The adsorption behavior of C.I. Reactive Blue 2, C.I. Reactive Red 4, and C.I. Reactive Yellow 2 ... more The adsorption behavior of C.I. Reactive Blue 2, C.I. Reactive Red 4, and C.I. Reactive Yellow 2 from aqueous solution onto activated carbon was investigated under various experimental conditions. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon for reactive dyes was found to be relatively high. At pH 7.0 and 298 K, the maximum adsorption capacity for C.I. Reactive Blue 2, C.I. Reactive Yellow 2 and C.I. Reactive Red 4 dyes was found to be 0.27, 0.24, and 0.11 mmol/g, respectively. The shape of the adsorption isotherms indicated an L2-type isotherm according to the Giles and Smith classification. The experimental adsorption data showed good correlation with the Langmuir and Ferundlich isotherm models. Further analysis indicated that the formation of a complete monolayer was not achieved, with the fraction of surface coverage found to be 0.45, 0.42, and 0.22 for C.I. Reactive Blue 2, C.I. Reactive Yellow 2 and C.I. Reactive Red 4 dyes, respectively. Experimental data indicated that the adsorption capacity of activated carbon for the dyes was higher in acidic rather than in basic solutions, and further indicated that the removal of dye increased with increase in the ionic strength of solution, this was attributed to aggregation of reactive dyes in solution. Thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption of reactive dyes onto activated carbon was an endothermic process. The adsorption enthalpy (DH ads) for C.I. Reactive Blue 2 and C.I. Reactive Yellow 2 dyes were calculated at 42.2 and 36.2 kJ/mol, respectively. The negative values of free energy (DG ads) determined for these systems indicated that adsorption of reactive dyes was spontaneous at the temperatures under investigation (298e328 K).

Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, Feb 4, 2022

The novel application of Interval Variable Iterative Space Shrinkage Approach iVISSA as an advanc... more The novel application of Interval Variable Iterative Space Shrinkage Approach iVISSA as an advanced interval variable selector method and partial least square regression PLS1 for quantification of Potassium Sorbate PS, Sodium Benzoate SB, Methylparaben MP, and Propylparaben PP in food matrices is assessed. Although PS and SB are often used as preservatives, parabens such as MP and PP are currently used because of their broad antibacterial properties. The UV spectrum of the preservatives (200–300 nm) revealed significant overlap between MP/PP/SB, necessitating PLS calibration for accurate quantification. The effect of solvent composition on multivariate sensitivity, selectivity, and spectral overlaps was investigated, which has never been done before for the current system. Net-analyte signal calculations indicated that (PS/SB) and (MP/PP) were quantified in the mixture using ethanol and water–ethanol as solvents, respectively. Positive solvatochromism for PS & SB (7–10 nm) and negative solvatochromism for MP & PP (4–6 nm) were shown to increase spectral band separation of preservatives with solvent, allowing for better quantification in the mixture by PLS1. The performance of PLS was further improved by identifying relevant spectral bands with lesser overlapping using the interval variable iterative space shrinking approach iVISSA. Following local and global search procedures, iVISSA picked up the spectral variables (202–203, 209–216, 233, 282, 290, 293–296 nm) for PS, (202–204, 214–218, 235–243, 251–252, 279 nm) for SB, (212–215, 220, 226–240, 243–244, 254–256, 266–296 nm) for MP, and (212–215, 220, 226–240, 243–244,254–256, 266–296 nm) for PP. Using UV bands selected by iVISSA in conjunction with PLS calibration resulted in better prediction of preservatives in different food matrices. The tested preservatives were detected down to 1.8–5.4 mg/kg by iVISSA-PLS calibration. Cereals (18–77 mg/kg), dairy products (24–122 mg/kg), beverages (22–633 mg/kg), and condiments (85–523 mg/kg) all contained preservatives in varying amounts. The combined preservative concentration of liquid juice and soy sauce was considerable (684–707 mg/kg), but it did not surpass the safe limits. For microbiological effect, PS greatly reduced growth of Bacillus pumilus (Gram positive bacteria) and E. coli (Gram negative bacteria) in nutrient broth (pH 5.5 or pH 5.1). Also, SB greatly decreased growth of B. pumilus but did not inhibit growth of E. coli grown in nutrient broth (pH 5.5). SB significantly reduced growth of E. coli grown in nutrient broth (pH 5.1). Increasing the concentration of preservatives resulted in a notable reduction of bacterial growth.

Talanta open, Dec 1, 2022

The extraction efficiency of activated carbon for reactive dyes (Levafix Brilliant Blue E-4BA and... more The extraction efficiency of activated carbon for reactive dyes (Levafix Brilliant Blue E-4BA and Levafix Brilliant Red E-4BA) was investigated under different experimental factors including: initial dye concentration, carbon mass, pH, ionic strength and agitation time. The equilibrium time was relatively fast and was achieved within 40 min. The distribution coefficients (Kd) were 50.6 and 24.3 dm 3 g-1 for blue and red dye; respectively. For comparison purposes, multiwalled nanotube activated carbon was tested and showed a high extraction power for reactive dyes; the Kd values were 203.0 and 66.2 dm 3 g-1 for blue and red dye; respectively. The employed analytical method for dyes analysis was accurate and sensitive, Beer's plots showed good correlation in the range 0.5-15.0 mg L-1 for reactive dyes. A simple solid-phase extraction procedure based on activated and nanotube activated carbons for detection of 30-40 ng L-1 levels of reactive dyes is presented. The detection limits of the proposed method are 20 and 30 ng L-1 for red and blue dye; respectively.

Research on Chemical Intermediates, Jul 11, 2016

The competitive adsorption of two common colorants (brilliant blue and brilliant black) by activa... more The competitive adsorption of two common colorants (brilliant blue and brilliant black) by activated kaolinite was investigated after fast quantification of dyes by multivariate calibration. Partial least squares, PLS, a common multivariate calibration tool, was effective for dyes quantification with high accuracy 99.4-102.1 %. The novelty of this study is the useful application of PLS for studying competitive adsorption of brilliant blue and brilliant black without the need for advanced analytical methods. Competitive adsorption isotherms of dyes were measured over the concentration range 10-30 mg/L and at 20.0, 30.0, and 40.0°C. The maximum adsorption capacities (according to the Langmuir model) were 1644 and 1055 mg/kg for brilliant blue and brilliant black at 20.0°C and pH 7.0, respectively. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that competitive adsorption was exothermic with DH°values of-20.9 and-20.3 kJ/mol for brilliant blue and brilliant black, respectively. Competitive adsorption was accomplished with a net reduction in the entropy of the system. The competition factors were 0.67 (brilliant blue) and 0.89 (brilliant black) indicating a negative competition between dyes. This study demonstrated the simple application of PLS calibration for studying competitive adsorption of colorants with minimum analytical efforts.

Journal of Environmental Management, Sep 1, 2021

Research on biosorption of organic dyes is an important subject for the development of clean tech... more Research on biosorption of organic dyes is an important subject for the development of clean technologies for the treatment of textile wastewater. In this work, the process of sorption of four textile dyes of different natures, namely Basic Violet 10 (BV10), Acid Red 27 (AR27), Direct Blue 151 (DB151) and Reactive Violet 4 (RV4) onto two composts, pine bark compost and municipal solid waste compost, has been studied. For this, sorption kinetics and equilibrium sorption at different solution pH values (3.0-7.0) and salinity (0-1.0 M KCl) conditions have been assessed in batch experiments. Sorption rates were relatively slow for BV10, reaching equilibrium only after 24 h, and faster for the rest: around 5-6 h for RV4 and AR27 and 2 h for DB151. Kinetics of dye sorption followed a pseudo-first order model, except that of DB151, which was better described by a pseudo-second order model. The sequence of adsorption capacity for both composts was as follows: BV10 > DB151 > RV4 > AR27. In general, dye sorption at the equilibrium was adequately described by the Langmuir model, what allows to estimate maximum retention capacities for each dye by the composts. At the best removal conditions, pine bark compost presented maximum sorption capacities of 204 mg g-1 for BV10, 54 mg g-1 for DB151, 23 mg g-1 for RV4, and 4.1 mg g-1 for AR27, whereas municipal solid waste compost showed maximum sorption of 74 mg g-1 for DB151, 38 mg g-1 for RV4, 36 mg g-1 for BV10, and 1.6 mg g-1 for AR27. Sorption increased at acid pH in all cases, likely because of modification of charges of the dyes and higher electrostatic attraction, whereas increasing salinity also had a positive effect on sorption, attributed to a solute-aggregation mechanism in solution. In conclusion, organic waste-derived products, like composts, can be applied in the removal of colorants from wastewater, although they would be more effective for the removal of basic cationic dyes than other types, due to electrostatic interaction with mostly negatively-charged composts.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Nov 13, 2008

Selective polymeric extractants were prepared for preconcentration of Cibacron reactive red dye, ... more Selective polymeric extractants were prepared for preconcentration of Cibacron reactive red dye, a dye that is often applied with Cibacron reactive blue and Cibacron reactive yellow for dyeing of fabrics. The best extractant was fabricated (in chloroform) using methacrylic acid (as monomer), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (as crosslinker), AIBN (as initiator for polymerization), and red dye as template molecule, with a molar stoichiometric ratio of 8.0:40.0:2.5:0.63, respectively. The structure of the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was robust, and resisted dissolution up to 260°C. Compared with the unimprinted polymer, the imprinted product has a large specific surface area which improved its adsorption capacity. The effect of imprinting was obvious from the adsorption capacity measured at pH 4 for red dye (the imprinted molecule), which was increased from 24.0 to 79.3 mg g −1 after imprinting. Equilibrium adsorption studies revealed that the dye-imprinted-polymer enables efficient extraction of red dye even in the presence of blue and yellow dyes which have similar chemical natures to the red dye. The selectivity coefficients S red dye/dye , were 13.9 and 17.1 relative to the yellow and blue dyes, respectively. The MIP was found to be effective for red dye preconcentration, with a preconcentration factor of 100, from tap water and treated textile wastewater. The factors affecting extraction of red dye by the MIP were studied and optimized. Under the optimized extraction conditions, red dye was selectively quantified in the presence of other competing dyes at a concentration of 20 μg L −1 from different water systems with satisfactory recoveries (91-95%) and RSD values (∼5.0%).

Chemical Engineering Journal, Mar 1, 2014

This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the a... more This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier's archiving and manuscript policies are

Journal of Environmental Management, Aug 1, 2009

The investigations into structural changes which occur during adsorbent modification and the adso... more The investigations into structural changes which occur during adsorbent modification and the adsorption mechanisms are essential for an effective design of adsorption systems. Manganese oxides were impregnated onto diatomite to form the type known as d-birnessite. Initial investigations established the effectiveness of manganese oxides-modified diatomite (MOMD) to remove basic and reactive dyes from aqueous solution. The adsorption capacity of MOMD for methylene blue (MB), hydrolysed reactive black (RB) and hydrolysed reactive yellow (RY) was 320, 419, and 204 mg/g, respectively. Various analytical techniques were used to characterise the structure and the mechanisms of the dye adsorption process onto MOMD such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic absorption spectrometry (A.A.). A small shift to higher values of the d-spacing of dye/MOMD was observed indicating that a small amount of the dye molecules were intercalated in the MOMD structure and other molecules were adsorbed on the external surface of MOMD. Two mechanisms of dye adsorption onto MOMD were proposed; intercalation of the dye in the octahedral layers and adsorption of the dye on the MOMD external surface. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the MOMD structure was changed upon insertion of MB and RY with an obvious decrease in the intensity of the second main peak of the MOMD X-ray pattern.

Separation Science and Technology, Feb 13, 2001

... El-Geundi [2]2. El-Geundi, M. 1991. Colour Removal from Textile Effluents by Adsorption Techn... more ... El-Geundi [2]2. El-Geundi, M. 1991. Colour Removal from Textile Effluents by Adsorption Techniques. ... Al-Degs, Y, Khraisheh, MAM, Allen, SJ and Ahmad, MN 2000. ... Leon, YY, Leon, CA and Radovic, LR 1994. Chemistry and Physics of Carbon New York: Marcel Dekker. ...