Ya Chee Lim - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Ya Chee Lim

Research paper thumbnail of Does KRAS Play a Role in the Regulation of Colon Cancer Cells-Derived Exosomes?

Biology, 2021

Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles, and lately, cancer-derived exosomes have been reported to... more Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles, and lately, cancer-derived exosomes have been reported to carry KRAS protein, which contributes to the malignancy of many cancers. In this study, farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS) was used to inhibit the activities of mutated KRAS in colon cancer SW480 cells to discover the potential link between KRAS activities and cancer-derived exosomes. We observed that FTS inhibits KRAS activity in SW480 cells, but promotes their exosome production. When the exosomal proteins of SW480 cells were profiled, a total of 435 proteins were identified with 16 of them showing significant changes (greater than or equal to two-fold) in response to FTS treatment. Protein network analysis suggests KRAS inhibition may trigger stress in the cells. In addition, a high level of acetyl-coA synthetase family member 4 protein which plays an important role in colon cancer survival was identified in the exosomes secreted by FTS-treated SW480 cells. The uptake of these exosomes...

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Research paper thumbnail of A review on milk and its biological effects on human health: Neurological conditions, cardiovascular diseases and cancer

International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 2018

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Research paper thumbnail of Biochemical and structural insights into the tumour suppressive action of CSK-homologous kinase (CHK)

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Research paper thumbnail of 2D:4D Ratio and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Brunei Darussalam

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Background Despite the global increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), rele... more Background Despite the global increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), relevant research studies are lacking in Brunei Darussalam. Various studies have shown a significant association between a lowered 2D:4D ratio (ratio of second digit/index finger to the fourth digit/ring finger) and ASD, making it one of the potential phenotypic biomarkers for early detection of autism, which is important for early intervention and management. Objective The objective of this study is to explore the association between 2D:4D ratio and ASD in Brunei Darussalam, as a potential tool to complement early ASD diagnosis. Methods We conducted a case–control study comprising 28 ASD and 62 typically developing (TD) children in the case and control group, respectively (age range: 3–11 years old; median age: 6 years old). Median 2D:4D ratios were measured, compared and analysed between the two groups. Logistic regression models were used to explore potential associations between the medi...

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Research paper thumbnail of The Role of Admission Scores in Predicting Academic Performance in Medical Students

BackgroundAdmission scores have been used to select highly capable students for an undergraduate ... more BackgroundAdmission scores have been used to select highly capable students for an undergraduate medical programme. This study examines the relationship between three admission criteria: (i) multiple-mini-interview (MMI); (ii) pre-university final results (PUFR); (iii) entrance scores (combination of 50% MMI and 50% PUFR), with students’ academic performance in the medical programme at Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD).MethodsWe performed linear regression analysis on 125 students who completed the programme from 2013 to 2018 and compared their MMI, PUFR and entrance scores with their academic performance throughout their three years of undergraduate study. Academic performance outcomes were assessed from students’ Grade Point Average (GPA), cumulative Grade Point Average (cGPA) and marks in the modules ‘Health Sciences’ (HS), ‘Patient Care’ (PC), ‘Our Community and Personal Professional Development’ (OCPPD) and Special Study Modules, for overall (six-semesters average) and individ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Survival Outcomes of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients in Brunei Darussalam and the Impact of KRAS Mutations

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, with rising incidence due to lifestyle a... more Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, with rising incidence due to lifestyle and diet. 40% of CRC cases are found to have KRAS mutations. In this study, we investigate the survival outcome of metastatic Colorectal cancer mCRC) patients in Brunei Darussalam restrospectively. Chi-squared test was used to compare the survival outcomes of mCRC patients, and Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the median ages of both groups. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were drawn and logrank test was used to compare the survival outcome between two groups. There was a total of 105 patients with stage IV CRC being treated during the study period. 81.6% (n=62) of mCRC patients were found to have the primary tumours on the left side of the colon. 19 of these 26 (73.1%) mutant KRAS mCRC patients died, while 23 of 50 (46.0%) wild-type KRAS mCRC patients died at the end of the study period, contributing to death rates of 45.2% and 54.8%, correspondingly. 30.3% (n=23) of the study popula...

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Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant

Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology

Chlorine dioxide plays a significant role in the industrial settings as disinfectants due to its ... more Chlorine dioxide plays a significant role in the industrial settings as disinfectants due to its broad antimicrobial property. Despite commonly use as germicide, chlorine dioxide demonstrates a good safety profile, rendering its suitability for use at water treatment and food preparation zones. Protein denaturation including envelope proteins is the major mechanism of chlorine dioxide to inactivate microorganisms even at low concentrations. Adverse reactions are not widely reported due to the typical use at a low concentration. The effectiveness of chlorine dioxide against various microorganisms, in both liquid and gaseous forms, over a wide range of pH and at an extremely low concentration has confirmed chlorine dioxide as a vital and versatile disinfectant.

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Research paper thumbnail of KRAS-associated microRNAs in colorectal cancer

Oncology Reviews

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancerrelated death worldwide. Despite pr... more Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancerrelated death worldwide. Despite progress in treatment of cancers, CRC with KRAS mutations are resistant towards anti-EGFR treatment. MicroRNAs have been discovered in an exponential manner within the last few years and have been known to exert either an onco-miRNA or tumor suppressive effect. Here, the various roles of microRNAs involved in the initiation and progression of KRAS-regulated CRC are summarized. A thorough understanding of the roles and functions of the plethora of microRNAs associated with KRAS in CRC will grant insights into the provision of other potential therapeutic targets as well as treatment. MicroRNAs may also serve as potential molecular classifier or early detection biomarkers for future treatment and diagnosis of CRC.

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Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Cytotoxic Mechanisms of Clinacanthus Nutans Extracts in Cancer Cells

The Natural Products Journal

Background: Commercially available Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.F) Lindau (Acanthaceae) (CN) leaf pr... more Background: Commercially available Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.F) Lindau (Acanthaceae) (CN) leaf preparations are gaining attention as an alternative cancer treatment, particularly in South East Asia. Multiple studies have suggested that CN has potential anticancer activities; however, the mechanism of these activities has remained elusive. Objective: This study evaluated the cytotoxic mechanisms of CN extracts in cancer cells. Methods: CN extracts were prepared from either fresh or dried leaves, using different solvents. Cytotoxicity of CN extracts were tested on the A549 (lung cancer), HeLa (cervical cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer) cell lines using the MTT assay. Flow cytometry was used to assess changes in the cell cycle profile, while Western blotting was used to examine microtubule stability. Finally, the mode of cell death was investigated using the Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit. Results: Aqueous Fresh (AQF) extract was prepared to simulate...

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Research paper thumbnail of Colorectal Cancer in Brunei Darussalam: An Overview and Rationale for National Screening Programme

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Research paper thumbnail of A hidden treasure: The borneo mistletoes

Pharmacognosy Reviews

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Research paper thumbnail of Csk-homologous kinase (Chk) is an efficient inhibitor of Src-family kinases but a poor catalyst of phosphorylation of their C-terminal regulatory tyrosine

Cell communication and signaling : CCS, Aug 7, 2017

C-terminal Src kinase (Csk) and Csk-homologous kinase (Chk) are the major endogenous inhibitors o... more C-terminal Src kinase (Csk) and Csk-homologous kinase (Chk) are the major endogenous inhibitors of Src-family kinases (SFKs). They employ two mechanisms to inhibit SFKs. First, they phosphorylate the C-terminal tail tyrosine which stabilizes SFKs in a closed inactive conformation by engaging the SH2 domain in cis. Second, they employ a non-catalytic inhibitory mechanism involving direct binding of Csk and Chk to the active forms of SFKs that is independent of phosphorylation of their C-terminal tail. Csk and Chk are co-expressed in many cell types. Contributions of the two mechanisms towards the inhibitory activity of Csk and Chk are not fully clear. Furthermore, the determinants in Csk and Chk governing their inhibition of SFKs by the non-catalytic inhibitory mechanism are yet to be defined. We determined the contributions of the two mechanisms towards the inhibitory activity of Csk and Chk both in vitro and in transduced colorectal cancer cells. Specifically, we assayed the cataly...

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Research paper thumbnail of Parasitic Mistletoes of the Genera Scurrula and Viscum: From Bench to Bedside

Molecules, 2016

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Research paper thumbnail of Csk-homologous kinase (Chk/Matk): a molecular policeman suppressing cancer formation and progression

Frontiers in Biology, 2015

ABSTRACT

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Research paper thumbnail of Csk-homologous kinase (Chk/Matk): a molecular policeman suppressing cancer formation and progression

Frontiers in Biology, Mar 30, 2015

ABSTRACT

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Research paper thumbnail of Does KRAS Play a Role in the Regulation of Colon Cancer Cells-Derived Exosomes?

Biology, 2021

Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles, and lately, cancer-derived exosomes have been reported to... more Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles, and lately, cancer-derived exosomes have been reported to carry KRAS protein, which contributes to the malignancy of many cancers. In this study, farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS) was used to inhibit the activities of mutated KRAS in colon cancer SW480 cells to discover the potential link between KRAS activities and cancer-derived exosomes. We observed that FTS inhibits KRAS activity in SW480 cells, but promotes their exosome production. When the exosomal proteins of SW480 cells were profiled, a total of 435 proteins were identified with 16 of them showing significant changes (greater than or equal to two-fold) in response to FTS treatment. Protein network analysis suggests KRAS inhibition may trigger stress in the cells. In addition, a high level of acetyl-coA synthetase family member 4 protein which plays an important role in colon cancer survival was identified in the exosomes secreted by FTS-treated SW480 cells. The uptake of these exosomes...

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Research paper thumbnail of A review on milk and its biological effects on human health: Neurological conditions, cardiovascular diseases and cancer

International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 2018

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Research paper thumbnail of Biochemical and structural insights into the tumour suppressive action of CSK-homologous kinase (CHK)

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of 2D:4D Ratio and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Brunei Darussalam

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Background Despite the global increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), rele... more Background Despite the global increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), relevant research studies are lacking in Brunei Darussalam. Various studies have shown a significant association between a lowered 2D:4D ratio (ratio of second digit/index finger to the fourth digit/ring finger) and ASD, making it one of the potential phenotypic biomarkers for early detection of autism, which is important for early intervention and management. Objective The objective of this study is to explore the association between 2D:4D ratio and ASD in Brunei Darussalam, as a potential tool to complement early ASD diagnosis. Methods We conducted a case–control study comprising 28 ASD and 62 typically developing (TD) children in the case and control group, respectively (age range: 3–11 years old; median age: 6 years old). Median 2D:4D ratios were measured, compared and analysed between the two groups. Logistic regression models were used to explore potential associations between the medi...

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Research paper thumbnail of The Role of Admission Scores in Predicting Academic Performance in Medical Students

BackgroundAdmission scores have been used to select highly capable students for an undergraduate ... more BackgroundAdmission scores have been used to select highly capable students for an undergraduate medical programme. This study examines the relationship between three admission criteria: (i) multiple-mini-interview (MMI); (ii) pre-university final results (PUFR); (iii) entrance scores (combination of 50% MMI and 50% PUFR), with students’ academic performance in the medical programme at Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD).MethodsWe performed linear regression analysis on 125 students who completed the programme from 2013 to 2018 and compared their MMI, PUFR and entrance scores with their academic performance throughout their three years of undergraduate study. Academic performance outcomes were assessed from students’ Grade Point Average (GPA), cumulative Grade Point Average (cGPA) and marks in the modules ‘Health Sciences’ (HS), ‘Patient Care’ (PC), ‘Our Community and Personal Professional Development’ (OCPPD) and Special Study Modules, for overall (six-semesters average) and individ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Survival Outcomes of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients in Brunei Darussalam and the Impact of KRAS Mutations

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, with rising incidence due to lifestyle a... more Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, with rising incidence due to lifestyle and diet. 40% of CRC cases are found to have KRAS mutations. In this study, we investigate the survival outcome of metastatic Colorectal cancer mCRC) patients in Brunei Darussalam restrospectively. Chi-squared test was used to compare the survival outcomes of mCRC patients, and Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the median ages of both groups. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were drawn and logrank test was used to compare the survival outcome between two groups. There was a total of 105 patients with stage IV CRC being treated during the study period. 81.6% (n=62) of mCRC patients were found to have the primary tumours on the left side of the colon. 19 of these 26 (73.1%) mutant KRAS mCRC patients died, while 23 of 50 (46.0%) wild-type KRAS mCRC patients died at the end of the study period, contributing to death rates of 45.2% and 54.8%, correspondingly. 30.3% (n=23) of the study popula...

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Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant

Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology

Chlorine dioxide plays a significant role in the industrial settings as disinfectants due to its ... more Chlorine dioxide plays a significant role in the industrial settings as disinfectants due to its broad antimicrobial property. Despite commonly use as germicide, chlorine dioxide demonstrates a good safety profile, rendering its suitability for use at water treatment and food preparation zones. Protein denaturation including envelope proteins is the major mechanism of chlorine dioxide to inactivate microorganisms even at low concentrations. Adverse reactions are not widely reported due to the typical use at a low concentration. The effectiveness of chlorine dioxide against various microorganisms, in both liquid and gaseous forms, over a wide range of pH and at an extremely low concentration has confirmed chlorine dioxide as a vital and versatile disinfectant.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of KRAS-associated microRNAs in colorectal cancer

Oncology Reviews

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancerrelated death worldwide. Despite pr... more Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancerrelated death worldwide. Despite progress in treatment of cancers, CRC with KRAS mutations are resistant towards anti-EGFR treatment. MicroRNAs have been discovered in an exponential manner within the last few years and have been known to exert either an onco-miRNA or tumor suppressive effect. Here, the various roles of microRNAs involved in the initiation and progression of KRAS-regulated CRC are summarized. A thorough understanding of the roles and functions of the plethora of microRNAs associated with KRAS in CRC will grant insights into the provision of other potential therapeutic targets as well as treatment. MicroRNAs may also serve as potential molecular classifier or early detection biomarkers for future treatment and diagnosis of CRC.

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Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Cytotoxic Mechanisms of Clinacanthus Nutans Extracts in Cancer Cells

The Natural Products Journal

Background: Commercially available Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.F) Lindau (Acanthaceae) (CN) leaf pr... more Background: Commercially available Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.F) Lindau (Acanthaceae) (CN) leaf preparations are gaining attention as an alternative cancer treatment, particularly in South East Asia. Multiple studies have suggested that CN has potential anticancer activities; however, the mechanism of these activities has remained elusive. Objective: This study evaluated the cytotoxic mechanisms of CN extracts in cancer cells. Methods: CN extracts were prepared from either fresh or dried leaves, using different solvents. Cytotoxicity of CN extracts were tested on the A549 (lung cancer), HeLa (cervical cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer) cell lines using the MTT assay. Flow cytometry was used to assess changes in the cell cycle profile, while Western blotting was used to examine microtubule stability. Finally, the mode of cell death was investigated using the Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit. Results: Aqueous Fresh (AQF) extract was prepared to simulate...

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Research paper thumbnail of Colorectal Cancer in Brunei Darussalam: An Overview and Rationale for National Screening Programme

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Research paper thumbnail of A hidden treasure: The borneo mistletoes

Pharmacognosy Reviews

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Research paper thumbnail of Csk-homologous kinase (Chk) is an efficient inhibitor of Src-family kinases but a poor catalyst of phosphorylation of their C-terminal regulatory tyrosine

Cell communication and signaling : CCS, Aug 7, 2017

C-terminal Src kinase (Csk) and Csk-homologous kinase (Chk) are the major endogenous inhibitors o... more C-terminal Src kinase (Csk) and Csk-homologous kinase (Chk) are the major endogenous inhibitors of Src-family kinases (SFKs). They employ two mechanisms to inhibit SFKs. First, they phosphorylate the C-terminal tail tyrosine which stabilizes SFKs in a closed inactive conformation by engaging the SH2 domain in cis. Second, they employ a non-catalytic inhibitory mechanism involving direct binding of Csk and Chk to the active forms of SFKs that is independent of phosphorylation of their C-terminal tail. Csk and Chk are co-expressed in many cell types. Contributions of the two mechanisms towards the inhibitory activity of Csk and Chk are not fully clear. Furthermore, the determinants in Csk and Chk governing their inhibition of SFKs by the non-catalytic inhibitory mechanism are yet to be defined. We determined the contributions of the two mechanisms towards the inhibitory activity of Csk and Chk both in vitro and in transduced colorectal cancer cells. Specifically, we assayed the cataly...

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Research paper thumbnail of Parasitic Mistletoes of the Genera Scurrula and Viscum: From Bench to Bedside

Molecules, 2016

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Research paper thumbnail of Csk-homologous kinase (Chk/Matk): a molecular policeman suppressing cancer formation and progression

Frontiers in Biology, 2015

ABSTRACT

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Research paper thumbnail of Csk-homologous kinase (Chk/Matk): a molecular policeman suppressing cancer formation and progression

Frontiers in Biology, Mar 30, 2015

ABSTRACT

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