Yadong Zheng - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Yadong Zheng
Geomechanics, 2022
Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle frac... more Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle fractures and plastic deformation, respectively, in traditional structural geology, and considered that formation of ductile shear zones was parallel to the circular sections of a strain ellipsoid. However, they failed to explain the stable angle 1 10° facing contraction direction between conjugate ductile shear zones due to deformation localization. In fact, deformation localization is an independent deformation category controlled by MEM-criterion besides brittle fracturing and plastic deformation. The concept of deformation partitioning put forward at the end of twentieth century got rid of the bondage of continuum mechanics, and successfully explained the widespread phenomenon, strike-slip faults parallel to subduction zones or fold-and-thrust belts. The establishment of inhomogeneous and discontinuous medium mechanics opens up a new prospect for the combination of geology and mechanics.
Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle frac... more Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle fractures and plastic deformation, respectively, in traditional structural geology, and considered that formation of ductile shear zones was parallel to the circular sections of a strain ellipsoid. However, they failed to explain the stable angle 1 10° facing contraction direction between conjugate ductile shear zones due to deformation localization. In fact, deformation localization is an independent deformation category controlled by MEM-criterion besides brittle fracturing and plastic deformation. The concept of deformation partitioning put forward at the end of twentieth century got rid of the bondage of continuum mechanics, and successfully explained the widespread phenomenon, strike-slip faults parallel to subduction zones or fold-and-thrust belts. The establishment of inhomogeneous and discontinuous medium mechanics opens up a new prospect for the combination of geology and mechanics.
Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle frac... more Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle fractures and plastic deformation, respectively, in traditional structural geology, and considered that formation of ductile shear zones was parallel to the circular sections of a strain ellipsoid. However, they failed to explain the stable angle 1 10° facing contraction direction between conjugate ductile shear zones due to deformation localization. In fact, deformation localization is an independent deformation category controlled by MEM-criterion besides brittle fracturing and plastic deformation. The concept of deformation partitioning put forward at the end of twentieth century got rid of the bondage of continuum mechanics, and successfully explained the widespread phenomenon, strike-slip faults parallel to subduction zones or fold-and-thrust belts. The establishment of inhomogeneous and discontinuous medium mechanics opens up a new prospect for the combination of geology and mechanics.
Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle frac... more Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle fractures and plastic deformation, respectively, in traditional structural geology, and considered that formation of ductile shear zones was parallel to the circular sections of a strain ellipsoid. However, they failed to explain the stable angle 1 10° facing contraction direction between conjugate ductile shear zones due to deformation localization. In fact, deformation localization is an independent deformation category controlled by MEM-criterion besides brittle fracturing and plastic deformation. The concept of deformation partitioning put forward at the end of twentieth century got rid of the bondage of continuum mechanics, and successfully explained the widespread phenomenon, strike-slip faults parallel to subduction zones or fold-and-thrust belts. The establishment of inhomogeneous and discontinuous medium mechanics opens up a new prospect for the combination of geology and mechanics.
Science China Earth Sciences, 2015
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 00206810109465012, Jul 6, 2010
A special metamorphic core complex underlain by a low-angle strike-slip ductile shear zone is pre... more A special metamorphic core complex underlain by a low-angle strike-slip ductile shear zone is present near Chifeng in eastern Inner Mongolia, northern China. The geology of the study area is similar to that of several Cordilleran metamorphiccore complexes, but contrasts in significant ways as well. A major ESE-dipping normal fault, the Louzidian Range frontal fault, formed during Late Cretaceous extension. This fault separates a crystalline footwall locally containing mylonitic basement gneisses and granitic rocks (0 to >3 km thick).froma non-metamorphic hanging wall that is distended by normal faults. However, the shear sense of the underlying mylonitic shear zone, a lowangle strike-slip zone, is not compatible with the Louzidian fault. It may be related to a pre-Cretaceous regional sinistral strike-slip event rather than the Late Cretaceous regional crustal extension common throughout eastern China. Pre-existing mylonitic fabric anisotropy appears to have controlled the development of the Louzidiannormal fault. Chloritic breccias locally developed along the fault indicate that it cut deeply into the crust of northern China.
Geology, 1998
The east- to east-northeast trending Yinshan belt lies within North China, extending westward at ... more The east- to east-northeast trending Yinshan belt lies within North China, extending westward at least 1100 km from China's eastern coast to Inner Mongolia. This intraplate Jurassic-Cretaceous belt underwent contractional and normal faulting, folding, and contemporaneous terrestrial sedimentation and magmatism. Current views on its contractional deformational style favor relatively limited “thick-skinned” faulting of Archean basement and cover units. These views are challenged, however, by recent discoveries in the eastern part of the belt of south-directed ductile nappe formation and large-displacement (>40 45 km) “thin-skinned” northward thrust faulting, both involving Archean and younger rock units. Collision of the Siberian and North China plates upon closure of a Jurassic and Early Cretaceous Mongolo-Okhotsk ocean more than 800 1100 km to the north may have been responsible for Yinshan north-south contraction. Some patterns of contraction, e.g., Jurassic-Cretaceous ductile nappe formation, appear to have been influenced by a superposed magmatic regime related to westward subduction of a Pacific basin plate beneath the North China plate.
Science in China Series D, 2005
... O'Sullivan P B.Foster D A.Kohn BP Mutiple postorogenic denudation events:An example from... more ... O'Sullivan P B.Foster D A.Kohn BP Mutiple postorogenic denudation events:An example from the eastern Lachlan fold belt,Australia 1996(06); ... Price N J.Cosgrove, J. W Analysis of Geological Structures 1990; Lister G S.Snoke AW SC mylonites 1984; Passchier C W.Trouw, R. A ...
Science in China Series D Earth Sciences, Sep 30, 1998
Small thrust faults in the Daqing Shan that were previously mapped as separate structures belong ... more Small thrust faults in the Daqing Shan that were previously mapped as separate structures belong to a single Mesozoic thrust, herein named the Daqing Shan thrust. I t extends more than 155 km along the northern margin of the Daqing Shan, obliquely cutting the Daqing Shan along the western flank of the Jinluandian peak to the southeast and taking its way to Chayouzhongqi to the east. Kinematic markers indicate tectonic transport of the thrust sheet to the NNW. Minimum displacement, based on the observable outcrops, is 22 km, and the inferred thrusting distance may be larger than 35 km. The thrust sheet covers the whole eastern area of the Daqing Shan. The thrust truncates the E-W trending, somewhat older South-directed Panyanshan thrust and, therefore, the two faults are not as a result of counter thrusting. Such major intraplate tectonic deformation that occurred in the Inner Mongolia Axis or the Yin Shan latitudinal tectonic belt during late Jurassic time calls for deep thought on its tectonic significance in dynamics. It is most likely that the Daqing Shan thrust represents major intraplate shortening during Jurassic-Cretaceous closure of the Mongolo-Okhotsk ocean about 1000 krn away to the north.
Taenia solium 45W proteins are good candidates for development of anti-cysticercosis vaccines. Ho... more Taenia solium 45W proteins are good candidates for development of anti-cysticercosis vaccines. However, the genetic characteristics of the 45 gene family are still unclear between different isolates. We investigated the poly- morphism of the 45 gene family between Chinese and Mexican T. solium. Alignment showed that TSO45-4B and TSO45-1C antigens were conserved absolutely, whereas other TSO45 proteins varied between these
Geoscience Frontiers, 2011
Wide-open V-shaped conjugate strike-slip faults in Asia are typically related to extrusion tecton... more Wide-open V-shaped conjugate strike-slip faults in Asia are typically related to extrusion tectonics. However, the tectonic model based on the slip-line theory of plasticity has some critical problems associated with it. The conjugate sets of slip-lines in plane deformation, according to the theory of plasticity should be normal to each another but, in reality, the angles between the conjugate strike-slip faults, which are regarded as slip-lines in extrusion tectonics in the eastern Mediterranean, Tibet-middle Asia, China and the Indochina Peninsular regions, are always more than 90 (on average w110 ) in the direction of contraction. Another problem is that the slip-line theory fails to explain how, in some cases, e.g., in the Anatolian area in the eastern Mediterranean, the extrusion rate is much higher than the indent rate. The two major problems are easy to solve in terms of the Maximum-Effective-Moment (MEM) Criterion that predicts that orientations of the shear zones are theoretically at an angle of 54.7 and practically at angles of 55 AE10 with the s 1 -or contractional direction. The orientations of the strike-slip faults that accommodate extrusion tectonics are, therefore, fundamentally controlled by the MEM Criterion. When extrusion is along the MEM-orientations, the extruding rate is normally higher than the indenting rate. ª
Tectonics
1] Late Mesozoic extension in NE Asia resulted in the development of a large extensional province... more 1] Late Mesozoic extension in NE Asia resulted in the development of a large extensional province. Metamorphic core complexes (MCCs) are the major features in this province and have 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages of 130–110 Ma for the mylonites and U‐Pb zircon ages of 150–110 Ma for the integral granitic intrusions. Based on this and previous studies, this paper summarizes major characteristics of these MCCs and recognizes a regional kinematic shear sense. Most MCCs in the Transbaikalia region, Sino‐Mongolia border tract, and the northwest‐central portion of the North China craton (NCC) show a top‐to‐the‐southeast (SE) shear, whereas those in the eastern and southern NCC locally underwent top‐to‐the‐northwest (NW) shear. The three largest basins (Songliao, Huabei and Ordos) in North China are located in the transitional zone between domains of opposing shear sense. We interpret the extension in the Transbaikalia, Sino‐Mongolia tract and northwestern part of the NCC to reflect late‐orogenic colla...
Acta Geologica Sinica
Abstract It is generally considered that granitic plutons are forcefully emplaced in a compressi... more Abstract It is generally considered that granitic plutons are forcefully emplaced in a compressional setting and permissively emplaced in an extensional setting. This paper, however, shows that syn-kinematic (extensional) elliptic granitic plutons in the Yagan-Onch Hayrhan metamorphic core complex (MCC) have relatively strong forceful emplacement, which are indicated by (1) concentric distribution of the rock units, (2) a strain pattern with strong strains on the margins and low strains at the centre of a pluton, and particularly (3) syn-emplacement shortening of the host rocks within the aureole. The strain analysis for the host rocks shows that the host-rock ductile shortening, i.e. forceful emplacement, provides about 16–24% of the emplacement space for the present plutons. All these suggest that forceful emplacement occurs not only in a compressional tectonic setting, but also in an extensional setting. This study further demonstrates the significance of the multiple emplacemen...
Chinese Science Bulletin
The Nujiang region along the China-Burma border in the western Yunnan has received a great deal o... more The Nujiang region along the China-Burma border in the western Yunnan has received a great deal of attention and has been considered to be the important channel of southeastward escape of the Tibetan Plateau [1-4]. This channel is bordered by the Red ...
Science China Earth Sciences, 2014
The Daqing Shan (Mtns.) lie along the northern margin of the stable Ordos Plateau in north-centra... more The Daqing Shan (Mtns.) lie along the northern margin of the stable Ordos Plateau in north-central China. The range contains at least 6 major Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (?), NNW-directed thrust sheets that carry crystalline basement rocks of Archean and Proterozoic age. The structurally highest thrust, the Daqing Shan thrust, places Archean to Proterozoic crystalline basement rocks over sedimentary units
Geomechanics, 2022
Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle frac... more Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle fractures and plastic deformation, respectively, in traditional structural geology, and considered that formation of ductile shear zones was parallel to the circular sections of a strain ellipsoid. However, they failed to explain the stable angle 1 10° facing contraction direction between conjugate ductile shear zones due to deformation localization. In fact, deformation localization is an independent deformation category controlled by MEM-criterion besides brittle fracturing and plastic deformation. The concept of deformation partitioning put forward at the end of twentieth century got rid of the bondage of continuum mechanics, and successfully explained the widespread phenomenon, strike-slip faults parallel to subduction zones or fold-and-thrust belts. The establishment of inhomogeneous and discontinuous medium mechanics opens up a new prospect for the combination of geology and mechanics.
Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle frac... more Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle fractures and plastic deformation, respectively, in traditional structural geology, and considered that formation of ductile shear zones was parallel to the circular sections of a strain ellipsoid. However, they failed to explain the stable angle 1 10° facing contraction direction between conjugate ductile shear zones due to deformation localization. In fact, deformation localization is an independent deformation category controlled by MEM-criterion besides brittle fracturing and plastic deformation. The concept of deformation partitioning put forward at the end of twentieth century got rid of the bondage of continuum mechanics, and successfully explained the widespread phenomenon, strike-slip faults parallel to subduction zones or fold-and-thrust belts. The establishment of inhomogeneous and discontinuous medium mechanics opens up a new prospect for the combination of geology and mechanics.
Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle frac... more Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle fractures and plastic deformation, respectively, in traditional structural geology, and considered that formation of ductile shear zones was parallel to the circular sections of a strain ellipsoid. However, they failed to explain the stable angle 1 10° facing contraction direction between conjugate ductile shear zones due to deformation localization. In fact, deformation localization is an independent deformation category controlled by MEM-criterion besides brittle fracturing and plastic deformation. The concept of deformation partitioning put forward at the end of twentieth century got rid of the bondage of continuum mechanics, and successfully explained the widespread phenomenon, strike-slip faults parallel to subduction zones or fold-and-thrust belts. The establishment of inhomogeneous and discontinuous medium mechanics opens up a new prospect for the combination of geology and mechanics.
Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle frac... more Geologists used the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Becker' s strain ellipsoid to explain brittle fractures and plastic deformation, respectively, in traditional structural geology, and considered that formation of ductile shear zones was parallel to the circular sections of a strain ellipsoid. However, they failed to explain the stable angle 1 10° facing contraction direction between conjugate ductile shear zones due to deformation localization. In fact, deformation localization is an independent deformation category controlled by MEM-criterion besides brittle fracturing and plastic deformation. The concept of deformation partitioning put forward at the end of twentieth century got rid of the bondage of continuum mechanics, and successfully explained the widespread phenomenon, strike-slip faults parallel to subduction zones or fold-and-thrust belts. The establishment of inhomogeneous and discontinuous medium mechanics opens up a new prospect for the combination of geology and mechanics.
Science China Earth Sciences, 2015
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 00206810109465012, Jul 6, 2010
A special metamorphic core complex underlain by a low-angle strike-slip ductile shear zone is pre... more A special metamorphic core complex underlain by a low-angle strike-slip ductile shear zone is present near Chifeng in eastern Inner Mongolia, northern China. The geology of the study area is similar to that of several Cordilleran metamorphiccore complexes, but contrasts in significant ways as well. A major ESE-dipping normal fault, the Louzidian Range frontal fault, formed during Late Cretaceous extension. This fault separates a crystalline footwall locally containing mylonitic basement gneisses and granitic rocks (0 to >3 km thick).froma non-metamorphic hanging wall that is distended by normal faults. However, the shear sense of the underlying mylonitic shear zone, a lowangle strike-slip zone, is not compatible with the Louzidian fault. It may be related to a pre-Cretaceous regional sinistral strike-slip event rather than the Late Cretaceous regional crustal extension common throughout eastern China. Pre-existing mylonitic fabric anisotropy appears to have controlled the development of the Louzidiannormal fault. Chloritic breccias locally developed along the fault indicate that it cut deeply into the crust of northern China.
Geology, 1998
The east- to east-northeast trending Yinshan belt lies within North China, extending westward at ... more The east- to east-northeast trending Yinshan belt lies within North China, extending westward at least 1100 km from China's eastern coast to Inner Mongolia. This intraplate Jurassic-Cretaceous belt underwent contractional and normal faulting, folding, and contemporaneous terrestrial sedimentation and magmatism. Current views on its contractional deformational style favor relatively limited “thick-skinned” faulting of Archean basement and cover units. These views are challenged, however, by recent discoveries in the eastern part of the belt of south-directed ductile nappe formation and large-displacement (>40 45 km) “thin-skinned” northward thrust faulting, both involving Archean and younger rock units. Collision of the Siberian and North China plates upon closure of a Jurassic and Early Cretaceous Mongolo-Okhotsk ocean more than 800 1100 km to the north may have been responsible for Yinshan north-south contraction. Some patterns of contraction, e.g., Jurassic-Cretaceous ductile nappe formation, appear to have been influenced by a superposed magmatic regime related to westward subduction of a Pacific basin plate beneath the North China plate.
Science in China Series D, 2005
... O'Sullivan P B.Foster D A.Kohn BP Mutiple postorogenic denudation events:An example from... more ... O'Sullivan P B.Foster D A.Kohn BP Mutiple postorogenic denudation events:An example from the eastern Lachlan fold belt,Australia 1996(06); ... Price N J.Cosgrove, J. W Analysis of Geological Structures 1990; Lister G S.Snoke AW SC mylonites 1984; Passchier C W.Trouw, R. A ...
Science in China Series D Earth Sciences, Sep 30, 1998
Small thrust faults in the Daqing Shan that were previously mapped as separate structures belong ... more Small thrust faults in the Daqing Shan that were previously mapped as separate structures belong to a single Mesozoic thrust, herein named the Daqing Shan thrust. I t extends more than 155 km along the northern margin of the Daqing Shan, obliquely cutting the Daqing Shan along the western flank of the Jinluandian peak to the southeast and taking its way to Chayouzhongqi to the east. Kinematic markers indicate tectonic transport of the thrust sheet to the NNW. Minimum displacement, based on the observable outcrops, is 22 km, and the inferred thrusting distance may be larger than 35 km. The thrust sheet covers the whole eastern area of the Daqing Shan. The thrust truncates the E-W trending, somewhat older South-directed Panyanshan thrust and, therefore, the two faults are not as a result of counter thrusting. Such major intraplate tectonic deformation that occurred in the Inner Mongolia Axis or the Yin Shan latitudinal tectonic belt during late Jurassic time calls for deep thought on its tectonic significance in dynamics. It is most likely that the Daqing Shan thrust represents major intraplate shortening during Jurassic-Cretaceous closure of the Mongolo-Okhotsk ocean about 1000 krn away to the north.
Taenia solium 45W proteins are good candidates for development of anti-cysticercosis vaccines. Ho... more Taenia solium 45W proteins are good candidates for development of anti-cysticercosis vaccines. However, the genetic characteristics of the 45 gene family are still unclear between different isolates. We investigated the poly- morphism of the 45 gene family between Chinese and Mexican T. solium. Alignment showed that TSO45-4B and TSO45-1C antigens were conserved absolutely, whereas other TSO45 proteins varied between these
Geoscience Frontiers, 2011
Wide-open V-shaped conjugate strike-slip faults in Asia are typically related to extrusion tecton... more Wide-open V-shaped conjugate strike-slip faults in Asia are typically related to extrusion tectonics. However, the tectonic model based on the slip-line theory of plasticity has some critical problems associated with it. The conjugate sets of slip-lines in plane deformation, according to the theory of plasticity should be normal to each another but, in reality, the angles between the conjugate strike-slip faults, which are regarded as slip-lines in extrusion tectonics in the eastern Mediterranean, Tibet-middle Asia, China and the Indochina Peninsular regions, are always more than 90 (on average w110 ) in the direction of contraction. Another problem is that the slip-line theory fails to explain how, in some cases, e.g., in the Anatolian area in the eastern Mediterranean, the extrusion rate is much higher than the indent rate. The two major problems are easy to solve in terms of the Maximum-Effective-Moment (MEM) Criterion that predicts that orientations of the shear zones are theoretically at an angle of 54.7 and practically at angles of 55 AE10 with the s 1 -or contractional direction. The orientations of the strike-slip faults that accommodate extrusion tectonics are, therefore, fundamentally controlled by the MEM Criterion. When extrusion is along the MEM-orientations, the extruding rate is normally higher than the indenting rate. ª
Tectonics
1] Late Mesozoic extension in NE Asia resulted in the development of a large extensional province... more 1] Late Mesozoic extension in NE Asia resulted in the development of a large extensional province. Metamorphic core complexes (MCCs) are the major features in this province and have 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages of 130–110 Ma for the mylonites and U‐Pb zircon ages of 150–110 Ma for the integral granitic intrusions. Based on this and previous studies, this paper summarizes major characteristics of these MCCs and recognizes a regional kinematic shear sense. Most MCCs in the Transbaikalia region, Sino‐Mongolia border tract, and the northwest‐central portion of the North China craton (NCC) show a top‐to‐the‐southeast (SE) shear, whereas those in the eastern and southern NCC locally underwent top‐to‐the‐northwest (NW) shear. The three largest basins (Songliao, Huabei and Ordos) in North China are located in the transitional zone between domains of opposing shear sense. We interpret the extension in the Transbaikalia, Sino‐Mongolia tract and northwestern part of the NCC to reflect late‐orogenic colla...
Acta Geologica Sinica
Abstract It is generally considered that granitic plutons are forcefully emplaced in a compressi... more Abstract It is generally considered that granitic plutons are forcefully emplaced in a compressional setting and permissively emplaced in an extensional setting. This paper, however, shows that syn-kinematic (extensional) elliptic granitic plutons in the Yagan-Onch Hayrhan metamorphic core complex (MCC) have relatively strong forceful emplacement, which are indicated by (1) concentric distribution of the rock units, (2) a strain pattern with strong strains on the margins and low strains at the centre of a pluton, and particularly (3) syn-emplacement shortening of the host rocks within the aureole. The strain analysis for the host rocks shows that the host-rock ductile shortening, i.e. forceful emplacement, provides about 16–24% of the emplacement space for the present plutons. All these suggest that forceful emplacement occurs not only in a compressional tectonic setting, but also in an extensional setting. This study further demonstrates the significance of the multiple emplacemen...
Chinese Science Bulletin
The Nujiang region along the China-Burma border in the western Yunnan has received a great deal o... more The Nujiang region along the China-Burma border in the western Yunnan has received a great deal of attention and has been considered to be the important channel of southeastward escape of the Tibetan Plateau [1-4]. This channel is bordered by the Red ...
Science China Earth Sciences, 2014
The Daqing Shan (Mtns.) lie along the northern margin of the stable Ordos Plateau in north-centra... more The Daqing Shan (Mtns.) lie along the northern margin of the stable Ordos Plateau in north-central China. The range contains at least 6 major Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (?), NNW-directed thrust sheets that carry crystalline basement rocks of Archean and Proterozoic age. The structurally highest thrust, the Daqing Shan thrust, places Archean to Proterozoic crystalline basement rocks over sedimentary units
Unpublished, 2020
Shear bands and Lüder bands belong to localized plastic flow. All yield criteria based on homogen... more Shear bands and Lüder bands belong to localized plastic flow. All yield criteria based on homogeneous deformation fail to give a proper answer to explain their formation. The established Maximum-Effective-Moment criterion predicts that shear bands preferably occur in the orientations of ±55° about the maximum principal compressing stress axis and with ~110° conjugate angle facing the loading direction. It gives a convincible explanation for ductile shear zones in geology and shear bands in cold rolling work, but not compatible with the Lüder bands in metal tension testing. The complete mathematical analysis has two results for the cases of compression and tension. The general MEM criterion including the two cases and becomes a unique criterion yet available to elucidates the formation both of shear bands and Lüder bands.