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Papers by Yakov Familiant

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, 2018

Purpose The paper aims to emphasise how switched systems can be analysed with elementary techniqu... more Purpose The paper aims to emphasise how switched systems can be analysed with elementary techniques which require only undergraduate-level linear algebra and differential equations. It is also emphasised how math software can become useful for simplifying analytic complications. Design/methodology/approach The time domain voltage balance methodology is used for stability analysis. As for deriving formulas for the asymptotic average of both capacitor voltage and inductor current, a new simple analytic method is introduced. Findings It was shown analytically that the time average of capacitor voltage converges to half of the source voltage. A formula for the time average of the current of the inductor is also computed. As a by-product, it was discovered that the period of the current is half of the switching period. Numerical simulations are obtained to illustrate the accuracy of the results. Research limitations/implications Higher dimensional generalisations could become a bit compl...

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2018

Power electronic converters for medium and high power / voltage applications employ low frequency... more Power electronic converters for medium and high power / voltage applications employ low frequency fundamental switching frequencies and therefore minimize switching losses. There are two main control techniques of switching angle estimation-Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) minimization and Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE). In case of the first control technique, the switching angles are found based on the THD minimization without being specifically focused on eliminating some exact harmonics. For the SHE control technique, all degrees of freedom, due to available number of switching angles, are used for the elimination of certain low order harmonics. The basic idea of combining those two control techniques consists of using some degrees of freedom for eliminating certain harmonics and using the others for minimizing the remaining THD content. This generalized problem formulation includes classic minimal THD and SHE problems as special cases. Theoretical developments are verified by the set of experimental cases for the voltage and current THDs selecting characteristic working points over the modulation index range.

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2016

2016 IEEE International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (PEMC), 2016

Power electronic converters for medium and high power / voltage applications employ low frequency... more Power electronic converters for medium and high power / voltage applications employ low frequency fundamental switching that is dictated by the necessity to minimize switching losses. There are two major approaches to switching angles determination - Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) minimization and Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE). For the THD minimization, the switching angles are found so as to assure minimum THD without taking any care of frequency spectrum. For the SHE approach, all degrees of freedom due to available amount of switching angles are spent on elimination of certain low order harmonics. The basic idea of the suggested combined approach consists in spending some degrees of freedom on certain harmonics elimination and using the rest for minimizing THD. This generalized problem formulation includes classic minimal THD and SHE problems as special cases.

IECON 2016 - 42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2016

This paper presents a new approach to the solar tracking control. Today several methods are used ... more This paper presents a new approach to the solar tracking control. Today several methods are used to minimize the angle of incidence between the incoming sunlight and the photovoltaic (PV) panel. Most of them require optical solar sensor(s) to maximize energy output. There are approaches where geolocation data and the timetable of the Sun's position support a solar tracking mechanism. This paper proposes a novel sensorless (no optical or geo positioning sensors required) solar tracking mechanism based on a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control for a mobile autonomous PV system. Such a system would provide an automatic PV panel position adjustment towards the Sun using a sensorless 3-DOF solar tracker system with a MPPT based control.

Energy and Buildings, 2017

This paper presents the design of a Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme to optimally manage the... more This paper presents the design of a Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme to optimally manage the thermal and electrical subsystems of a small-size building ("smart house"), with the objective of minimizing the expense for buying energy from the grid, while keeping the room temperature within given time-varying bounds. The system, for which an experimental prototype has been built, includes PV panels, solar collectors, a battery pack, an electrical heater in a thermal storage tank, and two pumps on the solar collector and radiator hydraulic circuits. The presence of binary control inputs together with continuous ones naturally leads to using a hybrid dynamical model, and the MPC controller solves a mixed-integer linear program at each sampling instant, relying on weather forecast data for ambient temperature and solar irradiance. The procedure for controller design is reported with focus on the specific application, and the proposed method is successfully tested on the experimental site.

Energies, 2016

This paper presents the optimization technique for minimizing the voltage and current total harmo... more This paper presents the optimization technique for minimizing the voltage and current total harmonic distortion (THD) in a single-phase multilevel inverter controlled by staircase modulation. The previously reported research generally considered the optimal THD problem in the frequency domain, taking into account a limited harmonic number. The novelty of the suggested approach is that voltage and current minimal THD problems are being formulated in the time domain as constrained optimization ones, making it possible to determine the optimal switching angles. In this way, all switching harmonics can be considered. The target function expression becomes very compact and existing efficient solvers for this kind of optimization problems can find a solution in negligible processor time. Current THD is understood as voltage frequency weighted THD that assumes pure inductive load-this approximation is practically accurate for inductively dominant RL-loads. In this study, the optimal switching angles and respective minimal THD values were obtained for different inverter level counts and overall fundamental voltage magnitude (modulation index) dynamic range. Developments are easily modified to cover multilevel inverter grid-connected applications. The results have been verified by experimental tests.

Nineteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2004. APEC '04.

− Most existing power supplies for induction heating equipment produce voltage at a single (adjus... more − Most existing power supplies for induction heating equipment produce voltage at a single (adjustable) frequency. Recently, however, induction heating power supplies that produce voltage at two (adjustable) frequencies have been researched and even commercialized. Dual-frequency power supplies are a significant development for heat-treating workpieces with uneven geometries, such as gears, since different portions of such workpieces are heated dissimilarly at a single frequency and so require a two step process using a single-frequency power supply. On the other hand, a dualfrequency power supply can achieve the desired result for such workpieces in a one step process. This paper proposes the use of multilevel converters for providing induction heating power at two frequencies simultaneously, which may achieve higher efficiency, improved control, reduced electromagnetic interference and greater reliability than existing dualfrequency power supplies. It also describes how the stepping angles for the desired output from such converters can be determined for both the equal and unequal source cases. Furthermore, experimental results are presented as a verification of the analysis.

2007 IEEE Industry Applications Annual Meeting, 2007

Multilevel converters use series/parallelled semiconductor switching devices to synthesise switch... more Multilevel converters use series/parallelled semiconductor switching devices to synthesise switched waveforms at power levels that are well above individual device ratings. To date, most multilevel inverter research has focused on voltage source structures, primarily because these topologies address the more common high power converter limiting factor of device voltage ratings. However, multilevel current source converters can have advantages in lower

2016 IEEE International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (PEMC), 2016

This paper addresses calculation of current Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) for a single-phase mu... more This paper addresses calculation of current Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) for a single-phase multilevel PWM inverter with LCL-filter. Analytical approach introduced in late 1980s for a 2-level inverter with inductance dominated load is generalized for a single-phase multilevel inverter with an arbitrary number of voltage levels accounting for the smoothing effect of LCL-filter. Though the obtained closed-form analytical solutions initially assume (infinitely) large ratio of switching and fundamental frequencies, they are practically accurate for the ratios of (apparent) switching and fundamental frequencies larger than 25-30. Also suggested are simple accurate Bessel function approximations. The formulas clearly reveal a single-phase PWM inverter current THD dependence on LCL-filter parameters and modulation index for an arbitrary level count and are easily modified to cover a grid-connected case.

IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2016

2015 IEEE 5th International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives (POWERENG), 2015

2015 International Conference on Electrical Drives and Power Electronics (EDPE), 2015

IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2015

Thesis (Ph. D. in Engineering)--University of Wisconsin--Milwaukee, 2006. Vita. Includes bibliogr... more Thesis (Ph. D. in Engineering)--University of Wisconsin--Milwaukee, 2006. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 103). Microfiche copy: University Microfilms No. 32-22397.

2015 9th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE-ECCE Asia), 2015

2015 IEEE 15th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC), 2015

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, 2018

Purpose The paper aims to emphasise how switched systems can be analysed with elementary techniqu... more Purpose The paper aims to emphasise how switched systems can be analysed with elementary techniques which require only undergraduate-level linear algebra and differential equations. It is also emphasised how math software can become useful for simplifying analytic complications. Design/methodology/approach The time domain voltage balance methodology is used for stability analysis. As for deriving formulas for the asymptotic average of both capacitor voltage and inductor current, a new simple analytic method is introduced. Findings It was shown analytically that the time average of capacitor voltage converges to half of the source voltage. A formula for the time average of the current of the inductor is also computed. As a by-product, it was discovered that the period of the current is half of the switching period. Numerical simulations are obtained to illustrate the accuracy of the results. Research limitations/implications Higher dimensional generalisations could become a bit compl...

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2018

Power electronic converters for medium and high power / voltage applications employ low frequency... more Power electronic converters for medium and high power / voltage applications employ low frequency fundamental switching frequencies and therefore minimize switching losses. There are two main control techniques of switching angle estimation-Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) minimization and Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE). In case of the first control technique, the switching angles are found based on the THD minimization without being specifically focused on eliminating some exact harmonics. For the SHE control technique, all degrees of freedom, due to available number of switching angles, are used for the elimination of certain low order harmonics. The basic idea of combining those two control techniques consists of using some degrees of freedom for eliminating certain harmonics and using the others for minimizing the remaining THD content. This generalized problem formulation includes classic minimal THD and SHE problems as special cases. Theoretical developments are verified by the set of experimental cases for the voltage and current THDs selecting characteristic working points over the modulation index range.

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2016

2016 IEEE International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (PEMC), 2016

Power electronic converters for medium and high power / voltage applications employ low frequency... more Power electronic converters for medium and high power / voltage applications employ low frequency fundamental switching that is dictated by the necessity to minimize switching losses. There are two major approaches to switching angles determination - Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) minimization and Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE). For the THD minimization, the switching angles are found so as to assure minimum THD without taking any care of frequency spectrum. For the SHE approach, all degrees of freedom due to available amount of switching angles are spent on elimination of certain low order harmonics. The basic idea of the suggested combined approach consists in spending some degrees of freedom on certain harmonics elimination and using the rest for minimizing THD. This generalized problem formulation includes classic minimal THD and SHE problems as special cases.

IECON 2016 - 42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2016

This paper presents a new approach to the solar tracking control. Today several methods are used ... more This paper presents a new approach to the solar tracking control. Today several methods are used to minimize the angle of incidence between the incoming sunlight and the photovoltaic (PV) panel. Most of them require optical solar sensor(s) to maximize energy output. There are approaches where geolocation data and the timetable of the Sun's position support a solar tracking mechanism. This paper proposes a novel sensorless (no optical or geo positioning sensors required) solar tracking mechanism based on a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control for a mobile autonomous PV system. Such a system would provide an automatic PV panel position adjustment towards the Sun using a sensorless 3-DOF solar tracker system with a MPPT based control.

Energy and Buildings, 2017

This paper presents the design of a Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme to optimally manage the... more This paper presents the design of a Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme to optimally manage the thermal and electrical subsystems of a small-size building ("smart house"), with the objective of minimizing the expense for buying energy from the grid, while keeping the room temperature within given time-varying bounds. The system, for which an experimental prototype has been built, includes PV panels, solar collectors, a battery pack, an electrical heater in a thermal storage tank, and two pumps on the solar collector and radiator hydraulic circuits. The presence of binary control inputs together with continuous ones naturally leads to using a hybrid dynamical model, and the MPC controller solves a mixed-integer linear program at each sampling instant, relying on weather forecast data for ambient temperature and solar irradiance. The procedure for controller design is reported with focus on the specific application, and the proposed method is successfully tested on the experimental site.

Energies, 2016

This paper presents the optimization technique for minimizing the voltage and current total harmo... more This paper presents the optimization technique for minimizing the voltage and current total harmonic distortion (THD) in a single-phase multilevel inverter controlled by staircase modulation. The previously reported research generally considered the optimal THD problem in the frequency domain, taking into account a limited harmonic number. The novelty of the suggested approach is that voltage and current minimal THD problems are being formulated in the time domain as constrained optimization ones, making it possible to determine the optimal switching angles. In this way, all switching harmonics can be considered. The target function expression becomes very compact and existing efficient solvers for this kind of optimization problems can find a solution in negligible processor time. Current THD is understood as voltage frequency weighted THD that assumes pure inductive load-this approximation is practically accurate for inductively dominant RL-loads. In this study, the optimal switching angles and respective minimal THD values were obtained for different inverter level counts and overall fundamental voltage magnitude (modulation index) dynamic range. Developments are easily modified to cover multilevel inverter grid-connected applications. The results have been verified by experimental tests.

Nineteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2004. APEC '04.

− Most existing power supplies for induction heating equipment produce voltage at a single (adjus... more − Most existing power supplies for induction heating equipment produce voltage at a single (adjustable) frequency. Recently, however, induction heating power supplies that produce voltage at two (adjustable) frequencies have been researched and even commercialized. Dual-frequency power supplies are a significant development for heat-treating workpieces with uneven geometries, such as gears, since different portions of such workpieces are heated dissimilarly at a single frequency and so require a two step process using a single-frequency power supply. On the other hand, a dualfrequency power supply can achieve the desired result for such workpieces in a one step process. This paper proposes the use of multilevel converters for providing induction heating power at two frequencies simultaneously, which may achieve higher efficiency, improved control, reduced electromagnetic interference and greater reliability than existing dualfrequency power supplies. It also describes how the stepping angles for the desired output from such converters can be determined for both the equal and unequal source cases. Furthermore, experimental results are presented as a verification of the analysis.

2007 IEEE Industry Applications Annual Meeting, 2007

Multilevel converters use series/parallelled semiconductor switching devices to synthesise switch... more Multilevel converters use series/parallelled semiconductor switching devices to synthesise switched waveforms at power levels that are well above individual device ratings. To date, most multilevel inverter research has focused on voltage source structures, primarily because these topologies address the more common high power converter limiting factor of device voltage ratings. However, multilevel current source converters can have advantages in lower

2016 IEEE International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (PEMC), 2016

This paper addresses calculation of current Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) for a single-phase mu... more This paper addresses calculation of current Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) for a single-phase multilevel PWM inverter with LCL-filter. Analytical approach introduced in late 1980s for a 2-level inverter with inductance dominated load is generalized for a single-phase multilevel inverter with an arbitrary number of voltage levels accounting for the smoothing effect of LCL-filter. Though the obtained closed-form analytical solutions initially assume (infinitely) large ratio of switching and fundamental frequencies, they are practically accurate for the ratios of (apparent) switching and fundamental frequencies larger than 25-30. Also suggested are simple accurate Bessel function approximations. The formulas clearly reveal a single-phase PWM inverter current THD dependence on LCL-filter parameters and modulation index for an arbitrary level count and are easily modified to cover a grid-connected case.

IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2016

2015 IEEE 5th International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives (POWERENG), 2015

2015 International Conference on Electrical Drives and Power Electronics (EDPE), 2015

IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2015

Thesis (Ph. D. in Engineering)--University of Wisconsin--Milwaukee, 2006. Vita. Includes bibliogr... more Thesis (Ph. D. in Engineering)--University of Wisconsin--Milwaukee, 2006. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 103). Microfiche copy: University Microfilms No. 32-22397.

2015 9th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE-ECCE Asia), 2015

2015 IEEE 15th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC), 2015