Yash Singh - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Yash Singh

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage

OBJECTIVE A higher prevalence of cam morphology has been reported in the athletic population but ... more OBJECTIVE A higher prevalence of cam morphology has been reported in the athletic population but the development of the cam morphology is not fully understood. The purpose of this systematic review is to establish the timing of development of the cam morphology in athletes, the proximal femoral morphologies associated with its development, and other associated factors. DESIGN Embase, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles related to development of the cam morphology, and PRISMA guidelines were followed. Data was pooled using random effects meta-analysis. Study quality was assessed using the Downs and Black criteria and evidence quality using the GRADE framework. RESULTS This search identified 16 articles involving 2,028 participants. In males, alpha angle was higher in athletes with closed physes than open physes (SMD 0.71; 95% CI 0.23, 1.19). Prevalence of cam morphology was associated with age during adolescence when measured per hip (β 0.055; 95% CI 0.020, 0.091) and per individual (β 0.049; 95% CI 0.034, 0.064). Lateral extension of the epiphysis was associated with an increased alpha angle (r 0.68; 95% CI 0.63, 0.73). A dose-response relationship was frequently reported between sporting frequency and cam morphology. There was a paucity of data regarding the development of cam morphology in females. CONCLUSIONS Very low and low quality evidence suggests that in the majority of adolescent male athletes' osseous cam morphology developed during skeletal immaturity, and that prevalence increases with age. Very low quality evidence suggests that osseous cam morphology development was related to lateral extension of the proximal femoral epiphysis.

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

In today’s scenario, sepsis is impacting millions of patients in the intensive care unit due to t... more In today’s scenario, sepsis is impacting millions of patients in the intensive care unit due to the fact that the mortality rate is increased exponentially and has become a major challenge in the field of healthcare. Such peoples require determinant care which increases the cost of the treatment by using a large number of resources because of the nonavailability of the resources. The treatment of sepsis is available in the early state, but treatment is not started at the right time, and then it converts to the advanced level of sepsis and increases the fatalities. Thus, an intensive analysis is required to detect and identify sepsis at the early stage. There are some models available that work based on the manual score and based on only the biomark features, but these are not fully automated. Some machine learning-based models are also available, which can reduce the mortality rate, but accuracy is not up to date. This paper proposes a machine learning model for early detecting and ...

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

In today’s environment, electronics technology is growing rapidly because of the availability of ... more In today’s environment, electronics technology is growing rapidly because of the availability of the numerous and latest devices which can be deployed for monitoring and controlling the various healthcare systems. Due to the limitations of such devices, there is a dire need to optimize the utilization of the devices. In healthcare systems, Internet of things (IoT) based biosensors networking has minimal energy during transmission and collecting data. This paper proposes an optimized artificial intelligence system using IoT biosensors networking for healthcare problems for efficient data collection from the deployed sensor nodes. Here, an optimized tunicate swarm algorithm is used for optimizing the route for data collection and transmission among the patient and doctor. The fitness function of the optimized tunicate swarm algorithm used the distance, proximity, residual, and average energy of nodes parameters. The proposed method is attributed to the optimal CH chosen under TSA oper...

Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy

Purpose The literature on hip injuries in ballet dancers was systematically evaluated to answer (... more Purpose The literature on hip injuries in ballet dancers was systematically evaluated to answer (1) whether the prevalence of morphological abnormalities and pathology of hip injuries in dancers differs from the general population (2) if there are any specific risk factors which contribute to a higher rate of hip injury and (3) what are the outcomes of primary and secondary intervention strategies. Methods A systematic literature search of Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library was undertaken for all literature relating to hip injuries in ballet dancers using the PRISMA guidelines. Reference lists were also searched for relevant literature. Clinical outcome studies, prospective/retrospective case series published between 1989 and October 2021 were included. Review articles (non-original data), case reports, studies on animals as well as book chapters were excluded. Results The search yielded 445 studies, of which 35 were included for final analyses after screening. This included 1...

The impact of land irrigability classes on crop productivity has been reported based on the surve... more The impact of land irrigability classes on crop productivity has been reported based on the survey of Mahi right bank (MRB), Ukai-Kakrapar right bank (UKRB) and Kakrapar left bank (KLB) canal command areas of the Gujarat state. The multi-stage random sampling method was used to select the farmers. The MRB and UKRB areas have five different soils environment in terms of land irrigability classes, while the KLB area has only three soils environment. The major crops grown in the UKRB are sugarcane, rice, cotton and pigeon pea, while sugarcane and rice are the major crops in the KLB. Similarly, in the MRB, rice, pearl millet, groundnut, wheat and tobacco crops occupy 95 per cent of the total irrigated area. The study has revealed that farmers have violated the recommended cropping pattern and are growing high water-requiring crops, irrespective of their suitability to land. In the land irrigability classes III, IV and V, cultivation of sugarcane and rice has led to waterlogging and seco...

Land Degradation & Development

Present study was conducted to analyze the role of silvipastoral systems to improve soil properti... more Present study was conducted to analyze the role of silvipastoral systems to improve soil properties for restoration of degraded sodic soils. Ten years old tree species of Acacia nilotica, Casuarina equisetifolia and Eucalyptus tereticornis planted in a highly sodic soil (pH 10.6, EC 1.43 dSm-1 and ESP 89) were used for understory plantation of grass species like Chloris gayana, Panicum maximum and Pennisetum purpureum. Maximum growth and yield of understory grasses was recorded from treatment T4. Among the grass species, the highest nutritive value (N, P, K) was recorded in P. purpureum however, highest neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in treatment T4 and T11 respectively. The N.P, K and Na+ uptake in treatment T4 and T10 was significantly higher over rest of the treatments. A significant improvement in soils physical properties was recorded under treatment T7 and T4 which was attributed to reduced sodicity, addition of leaf litter, and increase in microbial activities due to tree and grass roots, better plant growth, and fine root decay. However, improvement in soil chemical properties was recorded under treatment T4 which may be attributed to more release of CO2 by grass roots and solublization of CaCO3.The highest MBC and MBP was recorded in treatment T7 however, highest MBN and dehydrogenase activities were recorded under treatment T4.On the basis of improvement in soil physico-chemical and biological properties in the tree+grass systems, A.nilotica+C.gayana silvipastoral system could be highly ameliorative and biomass producing system for restoration of degraded sodic soils of Indo-Gangetic plains.

International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology

The current number of working mothers has increased dramatically. Later, child-rearing has become... more The current number of working mothers has increased dramatically. Later, child-rearing has become a daily challenge for many families. Thus, many parents send their children to grandparents' homes or to daycare centers. However, parents are not always able to monitor their children's every move. Therefore, the Internet of Things-based Baby Monitoring System (IoT-BBMS) is being proposed as an efficient and inexpensive IoT-based monitoring system in real time. We also came up with a new algorithm for our system that plays a key role in providing better child care in the absence of parents. In the design process, the Node Micro-Controller Unit (NodeMCU) is used to collect sensor-readable data and upload it via Wi-Fi to the AdaFruit BLYNK server. The proposed system uses sensors to monitor important fetal parameters, such as ambient temperature, humidity, and crying. The system structure consists of a baby's crib that will automatically swipe using the engine when the baby cries. Parents can also monitor their children's condition with an external webcam and open a playful toy located on the baby's crib from a BLYNK server to entertain the baby. The proposed prototype of the system is designed and tested to prove its cost-effectiveness and simplicity and to ensure safe operation to enable child rearing anywhere and anytime via the network. Finally, the child monitoring system is proven to be effective in monitoring the child's condition and the environment in accordance with the model. All data taken from the sensors / modules will be stored in the Mobile application and periodically updated. The Health Algorithm is used in these databases to get information about useful physical conditions as any common symptoms of the disease can be easily identified. The proposed prototype of the system is designed and tested to prove its cost-effectiveness and simplicity and to ensure safe operation to enable child rearing anywhere and anytime via the network. Finally, the child monitoring system is proven to be effective in monitoring the child's condition and the environment according to the prototype.

Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background and purpose: The nucleus accumbens (NAc) express both orexin-2 receptor (OX2R) and can... more Background and purpose: The nucleus accumbens (NAc) express both orexin-2 receptor (OX2R) and cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R). Orexin and cannabinoid regulate the addictive properties of nicotine. In this study, the effect of the CB1R blockade on the electrical activity of NAc neurons in response to nicotine, and its probable interaction with the OX2R in this event, within this area, were examined via the single-unit recording. Experimental approach: The spontaneous firing rate of NAc was initially recorded for 15 min, and then 5 min before subcutaneous injection of nicotine (0.5 mg/kg)/saline, AM251 and TCS-OX2-29 were injected into the NAc. Neuronal responses were recorded for 70 min, after nicotine administration. Findings/Results: Nicotine excited the NAc neurons significantly and intra-NAc microinjection of AM251 (25 and 125 ng/rat), as a selective CB1R antagonist, prevented the nicotine-induced increases of NAc neuronal responses. Moreover, microinjection of AM251 (125 ng/rat), before saline injection, could not affect the percentage of change of the neuronal response. Finally, simultaneous intra-NAc administration of the effective or ineffective doses of AM251 and TCS-OX2-29 (a selective antagonist of OX2R) prevented the nicotineinduced increases of NAc neuronal responses, so that there was a significant difference between the group received ineffective doses of both antagonists and the AM251 ineffective dose. Conclusion and implications: The results suggest that the CB1R can modulate the NAc reaction to the nicotine, and it can be concluded that there is a potential interplay between the OX2R and CB1R in the NAc, in relation to nicotine.

Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine, 2021

Background: Nutrition in elderly patients has been the topic of interest in field of geriatrics. ... more Background: Nutrition in elderly patients has been the topic of interest in field of geriatrics. Quality of life is directly correlated with nutritional status in geriatric patients. Aim of the Study: This study was undertaken to evaluate the nutritional status when completely edentulous patients were rehabilitated with conventional complete dentures. Materials and Methods: Hundred edentulous patients, in the age group of 45–65 years, were selected, and biochemical blood analysis was done at three different time periods (0, 3, and 6 months after delivery of complete dentures) for levels of calcium, protein, phosphorus, and hemoglobin in blood. The results at three different time periods were then compared to evaluate the change in the values of these nutrients in the body. Results: Loss of teeth was associated with lower than normal values for calcium, protein, phosphorus, and hemoglobin in blood. There was a significant improvement in the blood calcium and protein levels at the end...

Expert systems (ES) applications are being designed using expert system shell (ESS). Various ESSs... more Expert systems (ES) applications are being designed using expert system shell (ESS). Various ESSs are commonly available nowadays to design and develop the expert system in various fields. The options range from the choice of hardware platforms to the choice of computer languages and software interfaces. This study illustrates a method to select the most appropriate ESS where multiple criteria exist not only from functional requirements but also from technical and vendor-support perspectives. In the present study, an integrated approach is presented to help ES developers to select most suitable expert system shell among a set of existing alternatives for their current and future needs. For this purpose, a fuzzy TOPSIS integrated with entropy method is proposed to carry out ESS selection. The applicability of the proposed approach has been illustrated through a case study.

Weeds, which are considered to be unwanted plants, can play an important role in maintaining myco... more Weeds, which are considered to be unwanted plants, can play an important role in maintaining mycorrhizal inoculum during winter. To study this role, a survey was conducted on the mycorrhizal status of common weeds (Ageratum conyzoides, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Lantana camara, Malvastrum coromandelianum, Medicago hispida, Parthenium hysterophorus, Reinwardtia indica, Solanum nigrum, Stellaria media and Vicia sativa) at five locations in the campus of the Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, India. The highest root colonization was observed in R. indica (79.6 %) and the lowest root colonization (56.1 %) was quantified in roots of S. nigrum. Maximum mycorrhizal spore population in soil was found in M. coromandelianum (528.5/50 ml), while it remained minimum with S. nigrum (240.9). C. bursa-pastoris, in the family Brassicaceae and thought to be non-mycorrhizal, was found to be mycorrhizal. Weeds seem to support mycorrhizal communities during winter (off-season) that may serve as reservo...

2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)

This paper presents a SiC device junction temperature monitoring method. The device internal gate... more This paper presents a SiC device junction temperature monitoring method. The device internal gate resistance has a consistent temperature dependence. With different junction temperature conditions, the equivalent gate loop impedance will be different and change the gate driver currents. Through proper signal processing, this gate loop current peak value can be captured and utilized as the junction temperature indicator. The concept and feasibility was verified through both simulation and experimental results.

Biophysica

In 2019, novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began infecting human... more In 2019, novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began infecting humans, resulting in the COVID-19 pandemic. While the push for development of vaccines has yielded some positive results, the emergence of additional variants has led to concerns surrounding sustained vaccine effectiveness as the variants become the dominant strains. This work was undertaken to develop peptide-based antivirals capable of targeting both the wildtype (WT) heptad repeat 1 (HR1) domain of SARS-CoV-2 and the new HR1 variants which have developed. In silico protein mutagenesis, structural characterization, and protein–protein molecular docking were utilized to determine molecular interactions which facilitated binding of peptide-based antivirals targeting the HR1 domains. Molecular dynamics simulations were utilized to predict the final binding affinities of the top five peptide inhibitors designed. This work demonstrated the importance of hydrophobic interactions in the hydrophobi...

Molecular Diversity

The importance of the main protease (M pro) enzyme of SARS-CoV-2 in the digestion of viral polypr... more The importance of the main protease (M pro) enzyme of SARS-CoV-2 in the digestion of viral polyproteins introduces M pro as an attractive drug target for antiviral drug design. This study aims to carry out the molecular docking, molecular dynamics studies, and prediction of ADMET properties of selected potential antiviral molecules. The study provides an insight into biomolecular interactions to understand the inhibitory mechanism and the spatial orientation of the tested ligands and further, identification of key amino acid residues within the substrate-binding pocket that can be applied for structure-based drug design. In this regard, we carried out molecular docking studies of chloroquine (CQ), hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), remdesivir (RDV), GS441524, arbidol (ARB), and natural product glycyrrhizin (GA) using AutoDock 4.2 tool. To study the drug-receptor complex's stability, selected docking possesses were further subjected to molecular dynamics studies with Schrodinger software. The prediction of ADMET/toxicity properties was carried out on ADMET Prediction™. The docking studies suggested a potential role played by CYS145, HIS163, and GLU166 in the interaction of molecules within the active site of COVID-19 M pro. In the docking studies, RDV and GA exhibited superiority in binding with the crystal structure of M pro over the other selected molecules in this study. Spatial orientations of the molecules at the active site of M pro exposed the significance of S1-S4 subsites and surrounding amino acid residues. Among GA and RDV, RDV showed better and stable interactions with the protein, which is the reason for the lesser RMSD values for RDV. Overall, the present in silico study indicated the direction to combat COVID-19 using FDA-approved drugs as promising agents, which do not need much toxicity studies and could also serve as starting points for lead optimization in drug discovery.

Journal of Neurosurgery

OBJECTIVEMetastases are the most common intracranial malignancies and complete resection can prov... more OBJECTIVEMetastases are the most common intracranial malignancies and complete resection can provide relief of neurological symptoms and reduce recurrence. The authors’ prospective pilot study in 2017 demonstrated promising results for the application of high-dose, delayed imaging of indocyanine green (ICG), known as second window ICG (SWIG), in patients undergoing surgery for brain metastases. In this prospective cohort study, the authors evaluated intraoperative imaging and clinical outcomes of treatment using SWIG.METHODSPatients were prospectively enrolled in an approved study of high-dose, delayed ICG (SWIG) and received 5 mg/kg (2014–2018) or 2.5 mg/kg (2018–2019) ICG 24 hours preoperatively. Intraoperatively, near-infrared (NIR) imaging was performed using a dedicated NIR exoscope. NIR images were analyzed and the signal-to-background ratio (SBR) was calculated to quantify fluorescence. Residual fluorescence on the postresection NIR view was compared and correlated to the res...

2019 Scientific Meeting on Electrical-Electronics & Biomedical Engineering and Computer Science (EBBT)

As one of the most life-threatening disease in the tropical and warmer-climate countries, Malaria... more As one of the most life-threatening disease in the tropical and warmer-climate countries, Malaria affects not only animals but also humans who can be infected by only a single bite from a mosquito. Although this disease is wiped out in high-income countries, as a result of traveling people, it can even emerge in all part of the world. World Health Organization announced that more than 400,000 people are expected to die due to this illness. However, it is a curable and preventable disease, if early detection is possible. Traditionally, Pathologists diagnosed this disease manually by using microscope which is a time-consuming process in our computerized world, and this model depends on the experience of the Pathologists, which is a critical problem in rural areas. Therefore, in recent years detection of Malaria using computerized image analysis which is trained using some dynamic learning mechanism has gained increasing importance. In this paper, we proposed an image processing-based Malaria detection system which is trained by deep learning. We used relatively big data for increasing the accuracy of the system, and the reached accuracy showed that the proposed system has an outstanding classification rate that can be used in real-world detection.

Operative Neurosurgery

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE The proper differentiation of neoplastic tissue from adjacent brain par... more BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE The proper differentiation of neoplastic tissue from adjacent brain parenchyma can pose a great challenge, especially in eloquent areas of the brain. With the novel technique, “Second-Window Indocyanine Green,” injection of a near-infrared fluorophore (ICG) allows for intraoperative visualization of tumors by taking advantage of the compromised vasculature surrounding the tumor. Thus, such a technique may demonstrate utility for hemangioblastomas, which are hypervascular tumors of the central nervous system. CLINICAL PRESENTATION Here we present the case of a 39-yr-old male with a demonstrated cystic mass in the left cerebellum, with additional edema spreading towards the vermis. A total of 5 mg/kg of ICG was delivered intravenously 24 h prior to the operation. The tumor was approached via the infratentorial suboccipital approach. We observed strong near-infrared fluorescence through the intact dura, consistent with the tumor location. Surgical pathology co...

International Journal of Livestock Research