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Papers by Yerbolat Iztleuov

Onkologiâ i radiologiâ Kazahstana, Apr 10, 2024

Relevance: Timely detection of foci of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) with subsequent initiation... more Relevance: Timely detection of foci of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) with subsequent initiation of the repair mechanism plays a crucial role in the overall response to DNA damage. Untimely resolution of DNA DSBs and disruptions in the repair pathway constitute a fundamental mechanism in cancer development and progression. A search for biomarkers is needed to identify DNA DSB foci and achieve a better outcome of targeted therapy. The study aimed to identify comparative differences in DNA double-strand breaks and repair activity in γ-H2AX and 53BP1 parameters in apparently healthy individuals and patients with gastric cancer. Methods: Analysis of focal points of γ-H2AX, 53BP1 with lymphocyte parameters using the automated AKLIDES® system in gastric cancer patients (n=30) and apparently healthy individuals (n=30). Results: Statistically significant differences were found between apparently healthy individuals and patients with gastric cancer in γ-H2AX parameters: "Total number of breaks" (p=0.001), "Number of nuclei with break foci" (p=0.015), "Average number of breaks per cell" (p=0.016), "Mean value of all break foci per cell" (p=0.001), and in 53BP1 parameters: "Number of nuclei with repair foci" (p=0.001), "Mean intensity of repair fluorescence in arbitrary units" (p=0.001), "Mean number of repairs per cell" (p=0.001), and "Number of damaged cells with low fluorescence intensity" (p=0.019). Conclusion: Biomarkers of DNA DSBs with repair activity (γ-H2AX, 53BP1) have clinical significance, contributing to the development of targeted medicine in oncology.

Onkologiâ i radiologiâ Kazahstana, Mar 29, 2024

Актуальность: Своевременное обнаружение очагов двухнитевых разрывов ДНК с последующим запуском ме... more Актуальность: Своевременное обнаружение очагов двухнитевых разрывов ДНК с последующим запуском механизма репарации занимает важную роль в совокупной реакции при повреждении ДНК. Несвоевременное устранение разрывов двухнитевых ДНК и нарушение пути репарации является основным механизмом не только развития рака, но и прогрессирования онкологического процесса. Для достижения улучшенного результата целенаправленного лечения необходим поиск биомаркеров для выявления очагов двухнитевых разрывов ДНК. Цель исследования-выявить сравнительные различия в показателях двухнитевых разрывов и репарационную активность ДНК в параметрах γ-H2AX, 53BP1 у условно здоровых лиц и пациентов с раком желудка. Методы: Проведен анализ параметров повреждения очагов γ-H2AX, 53BP1 в лимфоцитах на автоматизированной системе AKLIDES® у пациентов с раком желудка (n=30) и условно здоровых лиц (n=30). Результаты: Выявлены статистический значимые различия между условно здоровыми лицами и пациентами с раком желудка в параметрах γ-H2AX: «общее количество разрывов» (р=0,001), «количество ядер с очагами разрывов» (р=0,015), «среднее количество разрывов на клетку» (р=0,016), «среднее значение всех очагов разрывов в клетке» (р=0,001), а также в параметрах 53BP1: «количество ядер с очагами репарации» (р=0,001), «среднее значение интенсивности свечения репарации в у.е.» (р=0,001), «среднее количество репараций на клетку» (р=0,001), «поврежденные клетки с низкой интенсивностью свечения» (р=0,019). Заключение: Биомаркеры двухнитевых разрывов ДНК с репарационной активностью (γ-H2AX, 53BP1) имеют клиническую значимость и потенциал применения в качестве диагностического маркера при персонифицированной медицине.

Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana

Relevance: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the five most common cancers worldwide and is charac... more Relevance: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the five most common cancers worldwide and is characterized by trends in incidence, disability, and mortality. A significant recurrence rate and early metastasis characterize CRC. Many meta-analyses in the world literature are aimed at finding factors that determine the probable outcome of the disease. ДИАГНОСТИКА Онкология и Радиология Казахстана, №3 (69) 2023 37 The study aimed to evaluate the role of the parenchymal-stromal ratio in the progression of colorectal cancer. Methods: When microcopying at 40x magnification, the parenchyma (Sp) and stroma (Sm) area were measured in the areas of superficial tumor growth and deep invasion. The parenchymal-stromal ratio (PSR) was calculated using the formula PSS=Sp/Sm, and the correlation with tumor metastasis was determined. Results: With an increase in the depth of tumor invasion, the frequency of metastasis to the liver also increased. The metastasis rate for invasion into the muco-submucosal...

Onkologiâ i radiologiâ Kazahstana, Dec 31, 2023

Relevance: According to WHO, malignant neoplasms rank second in population mortality structure du... more Relevance: According to WHO, malignant neoplasms rank second in population mortality structure due to a constantly increasing influence of technogenic factors that have a direct carcinogenic effect on the body and suppress defense mechanisms. Ionizing radiation plays a special role in the development of cancer. It is used in industry, agriculture, medicine, and scientific research as a diagnostic tool in modern healthcare and radiation therapy for cancer treatment. The consequences of radiation influence are not only the result of a direct effect on the body but also a delayed one through generations of parents and grandparents. According to the radiobiological hypothesis, any level of radiation, no matter how small, poses a risk of long-term consequences, including cancer, in exposed people and their descendants of the first two generations. That is, cancerous tumors are likely consequences of the influence of radiation. Despite various theories of the biological effect of low doses of ionizing radiation, most authors attach primary importance to DNA damage in the manifestation of genetic effects (the concept of non-threshold mutational action). The study aimed to highlight the role of ionizing radiation in tumorigenesis. Methods: Data from MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was analyzed to select and analyze relevant information over the past 10 years using such keywords as "gamma irradiation," "spontaneous oncogenesis," and "prevention of oncogenesis." Results: Radiation exposure may increase the risk of cancer development due to epigenetic changes leading to increased genomic instability (GI) and/or specific suppression of tumor suppressor genes. Changes in the TP53 gene network expression occur; the most significant genes as predictors of carcinogenesis are ST13, IER3, BRCAI, LRDD, and MRAS. Epigenetic changes also influence individual susceptibility to radiation-induced cancer. In addition to the mutagenic effects of ROS and AFN, there is also evidence that oxidative stress plays a fundamental role in epigenetic modifications. Conclusion: As a result of radiation exposure, damage occurs that causes genetic and epigenetic changes, leading to changes in the level of protein expression due to changes in the methylation of cytosine residues in DNA, modification of histones, and regulation of microRNA expression.

Èkologiâ čeloveka, Jan 27, 2021

Introduction: Stomach cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide. Although there is a lot ... more Introduction: Stomach cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide. Although there is a lot of international evidence on survival of stomach cancer patients, the data from Central Asia is still scarce. Aims: To study one-and five-years survival of stomach cancer patients and its correlates in Western Kazakhstan. Methods: All histologically confirmed cases of stomach cancer (ICD10 code: C16) registered from 2015 to 2019 in the Aktobe region, Western Kazakhstan, were included in a registry-based historical cohort study. One-and five-years survival with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) was calculated by life tables method. Independent associations between survival and its correlates were studied using Cox regression and presented as crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HR). Results: Altogether, there were 793 new cases of and 587 deaths from stomach cancer in the Aktobe region over the study period. Sixty-five percent of cases were diagnosed at stage III or IV. The overall one-and five-year survival was 33.1 % and 8.4 %, respectively. Significant differences in survival functions across categories were observed for cancer stage (p < 0.001), morphological type (p < 0.001) and ethnic background (p = 0.017). After adjustment, only stage and morphological type of tumor remained significantly associated with the out come. Stage III (HR = 2.3, 95 % CI: 1.5-3.6) and stage IV (HR = 4.4, 95 % CI: 2.8-6.9) were associated with shorter survival compared to the reference category. Patients with intestinal type of cancer were more likely to survive longer (HR = 0.7, 95 % CI: 0.6-0.8). Conclusions: High proportion of cases diagnosed at advance stage and low survival warrant urgent measures on both population and institutional levels. Preventive activities, increased awareness of the population and implementation of routine screening should be among the priority actions to improve survival of stomach cancer patients and decrease cancer mortality in Western Kazakhstan.

Cervical cancer is a significant global health concern, with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection... more Cervical cancer is a significant global health concern, with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection being a crucial risk factor. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an attractive, minimally invasive treatment for HPV-related cervical lesions, which uses photosensitizers and light to selectively de-stroy abnormal cells. We aim to provide an overview of the various sorts of dyes that are utilized in PDT for decreasing the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer. Besides, the article discusses ongoing clinical trials for PDT in low-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), as well as preclinical approaches for PDT in cervical cancer using various dyes. Moreover, it highlights potential dyes for PDT, examine them in in-silico condition, their pros and cons and also the solutions for enhancing their anticancer com-patibility. We also display that PDT is a promising therapeutic strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of HPV-associa...

Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2012

Two prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines have been recently approved: one quadrivalen... more Two prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines have been recently approved: one quadrivalent and the other a bivalent vaccine. When administered in a three-dose course to HPV-naive individuals, both vaccines exhibited excellent safety profiles and were highly efficacious against targeted clinical endpoints in large-scale international phase III clinical trials. Where coverage has been high for the appropriate target population, a reduction of HPV-related diseases with the shortest incubation periods has already been seen. By March 2012, universal HPV vaccination had been introduced into national vaccination programmes in more than 40 countries, but only in a few low-income and middle-income countries. With the growing market for HPV vaccines and competition between manufacturers, negotiated prices are already beginning to decline although they still remain out of reach of many countries. The great majority of countries are struggling to reach a level of coverage that will have the most impact on cervical cancer rates. Increasing coverage and improving completion of the HPV vaccine schedule, particularly of sexually naive females, is now the most important public-health issue in HPV vaccine efforts. A clear strategy for integrating primary (HPV vaccination) and secondary (screening) cervical cancer prevention must be agreed as soon as possible. Several second-generation prophylactic vaccines are being developed with the aim of resolving some of the limitations of the two current HPV prophylactic vaccines.

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2020

Objective: to assess the current state of gastric cancer (GC) incidence and its five-year surviva... more Objective: to assess the current state of gastric cancer (GC) incidence and its five-year survival across Aktobe region of western Kazakhstan from 2009 to 2018 by presenting key indicators and analyzing the most significant features. Methods: Rough incidence rates (per 100,000) and average annual percent changes (aAPCs) were estimated for each age group at diagnosis with respect to gender, ethnicity, residence, the disease stages, tumor subsite, and histology type using linear regression analysis, including the prognostic index for 2019-2020. Overall five-year survival rates were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Overall GC incidence increased from 19.2 to 29.3, and averaged 25.8 (R2 0.65) with aAPC of 3.2%, with a potential to further rise (30.4 by 2020, p<0.001). Non-cardia location (17.8, p<0.001, aAPC 6.4%) and intestinal type of the tumor (17.0, p<0.001, aAPC 7.35%) were predominant. The observed overall five-year survival rate was 28.4% (95% CI 24.5;32.3) with a median survival time of 8.0 months (95% CI 6.6;9.4). Groups aged 40-49 and ≥70 had the lowest rates (24.4% and 22.1%, respectively, log-rank p 0.008), but the youngest individuals (18-39 years) showed the shortest median survival time, 5.0 months after diagnosis at the survival rate of 29.4%. Resectional surgery contributed significantly to the median survival time, 23.0 months vs. 6.0 in non-operated patients (log-rank p<0.001). Conclusion: GC in Aktobe region was featured by growing incidence and unsatisfactory five-year survival rates. Indigenous males of 60-69 years old with intestinal histology type, as well as the youngest patients irrespective of their gender, ethnicity, and other characteristics were recognized as high risk groups. Besides, relatively high aAPC 5.1% in the youngest revealed their further expected vulnerability. Further research is suggested to focus on risk factors, including gene expression profiling, to find out an accessible preventive strategy.

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal

The immune system supports antigenic homeostasis in the body and regulates the processes of proli... more The immune system supports antigenic homeostasis in the body and regulates the processes of proliferation and differentiation of cellular components in hemo- and immunopoiesis. Chromium compounds and ionizing radiation lead to the formation of highly reactive free radicals. Sublethal dose of gamma-irradiation is characterized by a 56% decrease in thymus cellularity and a 22% decrease in lymph nodes against the background of a 44% increase in the number of lymphoid cells in the spleen. Under the combined effect of hexavalent chromium and gamma-radiation, a decrease in the number of lymphoid cells is observed. In thymus the cellularity decreases by 70%, in spleen - by 40%, in lymph nodes - by 42% in comparison with control data. Under the influence of boric acid the number of lymphoid cells in thymus significantly increases by 47%, in lymph nodes - by 14% (p<0.05) compared to the data of irradiated animals. Boric acid administration weakens the development of oxidative stress, lipi...

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, Mar 25, 2018

Hexavalent chromium presents a particular threat due to its high toxicity. In this study showed t... more Hexavalent chromium presents a particular threat due to its high toxicity. In this study showed the neuroprotective effect of sodium tetraborate in chromic intoxication. The experiment was performed on Wistar rats divided into 4 groups: 1 group-control; II group-single intraperitoneal injection of K 2 Ñr 2 O 7 in a dose of 0,5LD 50 , in the ²²² and ²V groups with drinking water received Na 2 B 4 O 7. Animals of the III group-4 mg/kg of body weight, in IV group-72 mg/kg of body weight daily for 10 days, the last administration of Na 2 B 4 O 7 was combined with a single intraperitoneal injection of K 2 Ñr 2 O 7 at a dose of 14 mg/kg (0,5LD 50).Na 2 B 4 O 7 in a dose of 4 mg/kg leads to a decrease in the level of MDA by 33%, an increase in the activity of catalase by 69%, superoxide dismutase by 21%, GR by 49%. Na 2 B 4 O 7 at a dose of 72 mg/kg increases the MDA content by 31% in comparison with the data of rats of chromic intoxication. K 2 Ñr 2 O 7 reduces the GSH level by 42%, the non-protein thiol by 36%. Na 2 B 4 O 7 at a dose of 4 mg/kg increased the GSH level by 53%, the non-protein thiol by 35%, and at a dose of 72 mg/kg reduced the GSH content by 23% (ñ<0.05), the non-protein thiol by 20% (ñ<0.05) in comparison with the data of rats exposed to K 2 Ñr 2 O 7 .

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, Mar 31, 2022

They studied the effect of the herbal medicine "Burdock root oil" on oxidative damage to liver, k... more They studied the effect of the herbal medicine "Burdock root oil" on oxidative damage to liver, kidney and blood tissues. The experiment was performed on 50 non-linear white male rats weighing 180-220 g, divided into 5 groups. The first group-control; animals of groups II and III were subjected to fractional gamma irradiation for five days (0.6 G/day; dose rate 1 Gr/ min (60Co)). The total dose was 3 Gr. Animals of the fourth and fifth groups were exposed to a combination of gradiation (as in groups I and III) and potassium dichromate (Cr+6). Potassium dichromate was administered intraperitoneally daily at a dose of 2.8 mg/kg of body weight (0.1LD50) for 5 days (0.5LD50). Rats of groups 3 and 5 received Burdock root oil at a dose of 2.5 ml/kg of body weight intragastrically for 14 days prior to the experimental exposure. Fractional exposure, combined exposure g-radiation, gamma radiation and Cr+6 led to an increase in malondialdehyde and diene conjugates in blood plasma, liver and kidney tissues. Under g-irradiation, the activity of superoxide dismutase enzymes (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in red blood cells compensation increased significantly against the background of a decrease in the level of SH-groups in blood plasma. In liver and kidney tissues, all studied enzymes and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels decreased. Under the conditions of combined exposure g-radiation and potassium dichromate-all the studied indicators of antioxidant protection decreased. The introduction of Burdock root oil before isolated and combined exposure provided significant antioxidant protection in the studied tissues. Conclusion: it can be assumed, that the "Burdock root oil" it is a potential drug that can be used as a radiation protector, in conditions of combined influence of a physical and chemical agent-a detoxifier. In our opinion, the antioxidant potential of the herbal medicine justifies the continuation of further research in clinical practice.

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, Mar 25, 2020

The purpose of this research is to study the effect of sodium tetraborate on chromiuminduced oxid... more The purpose of this research is to study the effect of sodium tetraborate on chromiuminduced oxidative damage in lung tissue. The experiment was conducted on 60 «Wistar» male rats (170-190g.) which were divided into 6 groups. The first group is control; the second, third, fourth groups received potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) with drinking water at a dose of 700 mg/l for 21 days; the fifth and sixth groups of animals received orally a solution of sodium tetraborate (Na2B4O7) at a dose of 22.5 mg/kg and 225 mg/kg of body weight per day for 31 days. Animals of the third and fourth groups received orally Na2B4O7 at doses of 22.5 mg/kg and 225 mg/kg per day, respectively, for ten days before receiving K2Cr2O7, then for 21 days, co-administration of potassium dichromate. Introduction of K2Cr2O7 caused a change in the endopulmonary cytogram, significantly reduced the nonspecific mechanism of respiratory protection from external influences, increased the content of malonic dialdehyde (p<0.05) and same as previous. Co-administration of Na2B4O7 (22.5 mg/kg) with K2Cr2O7 improves the mucociliary index (anti-inflammatory effect-the effect of debridement), inhibits oxidative damage (oxidative stress) in the lung tissue (antioxidant effect) in comparison with the data of animals exposed to K2Cr2O7. The combined use of Na2B4O7 in a high dose with K2Cr2O7 did not show the expected positive effect. Oxidative stress in the lung tissue induced by K2Cr2O7 leads to changes in the endopulmonary cytogram, disturbances in the mucociliary index, the balance of prooxidants/antioxidants in the lung tissue, to an increase in the peroxidation of lipids and inhibition of the antioxidant system. Sodium tetraborate, depending on the dose (at a low dose of 22.5 mg/kg body weight), can protect lung tissue from chromium-induced oxidative damage. However, with the introduction of sodium tetraborate in a high dose with chromium, the expected positive effect is not observed.

Toxicology and Industrial Health, Mar 28, 2018

The purpose of this research is to study the process of mutagenesis and the reproductive function... more The purpose of this research is to study the process of mutagenesis and the reproductive function in male rats under separate and combined exposure to chromium and boron compounds. The experiment was conducted on two groups of animals. The first group was used to assess the ability of potassium dichromate and boric acid to induce mutation in germ and somatic cells under isolated and combined administration with the use of the dominant lethal mutations test and the micronuclei test in the polychromatophilic erythrocytes of the bone marrow. The second group was used to test the combined and separate effect of the compounds under consideration on the reproductive function of male rats during the spermatogenesis cycle. When used in specific doses, boron compounds are a promising means of preventing and correcting chromium-induced effects in chromium production facility workers and people who live in ecologically adverse regions.

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal

They studied the effect of the herbal medicine "Burdock root oil" on oxidative damage t... more They studied the effect of the herbal medicine "Burdock root oil" on oxidative damage to liver, kidney and blood tissues. The experiment was performed on 50 non-linear white male rats weighing 180-220 g, divided into 5 groups. The first group - control; animals of groups II and III were subjected to fractional gamma irradiation for five days (0.6 G/day; dose rate 1 Gr/min (60Co)). The total dose was 3 Gr. Animals of the fourth and fifth groups were exposed to a combination of gradiation (as in groups I and III) and potassium dichromate (Cr+6). Potassium dichromate was administered intraperitoneally daily at a dose of 2.8 mg/kg of body weight (0.1LD50) for 5 days (0.5LD50). Rats of groups 3 and 5 received Burdock root oil at a dose of 2.5 ml/kg of body weight intragastrically for 14 days prior to the experimental exposure. Fractional exposure, combined exposure g-radiation, gamma radiation and Cr+6 led to an increase in malondialdehyde and diene conjugates in blood plasma, ...

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 2021

The radioprotective effect of the herbal preparation "Licorice oil" on the hematopoieti... more The radioprotective effect of the herbal preparation "Licorice oil" on the hematopoietic system and oxidative stress was studied. The experiment was carried out on 30 male Wistar rats, divided into 3 groups. The first group is control group, the second is irradiation with 6Gy, third group - a week before irradiation and two weeks after, received "Licorice oil" intragastrically at a dose of 2.5 ml/kg of body weight. Gamma irradiation significantly reduced the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, thrombocytes in peripheral blood and bone marrow cellularity. The frequency of micronuclei in polychromatophilic erythrocytes of the bone marrow has significantly increased. The level of lipid peroxidation in the blood increased against the background of a significant decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The introduction of "Licorice oil" for 21 days provided a protective effect. In application of "Licorice oil", there...

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 2020

The purpose of this research is to study the effect of sodium tetraborate on chromiuminduced oxid... more The purpose of this research is to study the effect of sodium tetraborate on chromiuminduced oxidative damage in lung tissue. The experiment was conducted on 60 «Wistar» male rats (170-190g.) which were divided into 6 groups. The first group is control; the second, third, fourth groups received potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) with drinking water at a dose of 700 mg/l for 21 days; the fifth and sixth groups of animals received orally a solution of sodium tetraborate (Na2B4O7) at a dose of 22.5 mg/kg and 225 mg/kg of body weight per day for 31 days. Animals of the third and fourth groups received orally Na2B4O7 at doses of 22.5 mg/kg and 225 mg/kg per day, respectively, for ten days before receiving K2Cr2O7, then for 21 days, co-administration of potassium dichromate. Introduction of K2Cr2O7 caused a change in the endopulmonary cytogram, significantly reduced the nonspecific mechanism of respiratory protection from external influences, increased the content of malonic dialdehyde (p<0.05) and same as previous. Co-administration of Na2B4O7 (22.5 mg/kg) with K2Cr2O7 improves the mucociliary index (anti-inflammatory effect-the effect of debridement), inhibits oxidative damage (oxidative stress) in the lung tissue (antioxidant effect) in comparison with the data of animals exposed to K2Cr2O7. The combined use of Na2B4O7 in a high dose with K2Cr2O7 did not show the expected positive effect. Oxidative stress in the lung tissue induced by K2Cr2O7 leads to changes in the endopulmonary cytogram, disturbances in the mucociliary index, the balance of prooxidants/antioxidants in the lung tissue, to an increase in the peroxidation of lipids and inhibition of the antioxidant system. Sodium tetraborate, depending on the dose (at a low dose of 22.5 mg/kg body weight), can protect lung tissue from chromium-induced oxidative damage. However, with the introduction of sodium tetraborate in a high dose with chromium, the expected positive effect is not observed.

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 2018

Hexavalent chromium presents a particular threat due to its high toxicity. In this study showed t... more Hexavalent chromium presents a particular threat due to its high toxicity. In this study showed the neuroprotective effect of sodium tetraborate in chromic intoxication. The experiment was performed on Wistar rats divided into 4 groups: 1 group - control; 2 group - single intraperitoneal injection of K2Сr2O7 in a dose of 0,5LD50, in the 3 and 4 groups with drinking water received Na2B4O7. Animals of the 3 group - 4 mg/kg of body weight, in 4 group - 72 mg/kg of body weight daily for 10 days, the last administration of Na2B4O7 was combined with a single intraperitoneal injection of K2Сr2O7 at a dose of 14 mg/kg (0,5LD50). Na2B4O7 in a dose of 4 mg/kg leads to a decrease in the level of MDA by 33%, an increase in the activity of catalase by 69%, superoxide dismutase by 21%, GR by 49%. Na2B4O7 at a dose of 72 mg/kg increases the MDA content by 31% in comparison with the data of rats of chromic intoxication. K2Сr2O7 reduces the GSH level by 42%, the non-protein thiol by 36%. Na2B4O7 at ...

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 2019

The cardioprotective effects of sodium tetraborate in chromium intoxication, correction of lipid ... more The cardioprotective effects of sodium tetraborate in chromium intoxication, correction of lipid profile and oxidative stress have been investigated. The experiment has been performed on 36 Wistar male rats, divided into 6 groups. I - control; II, III, and IV groups received potassium bichromate (K2Cr2O7) 700 mg/l with drinking water; rats of the III and IV groups received additionally orally a solution of sodium tetraborate (Na2B7O7) in doses of 22.5 mg/kg and 225 mg/kg per day, respectively. Animals of the V and VI groups received orally only Na2B7O7 solution at the rate respectively 22.5 and 225 mg/kg weight per day. The study duration was 21 days. The introduction of K2Cr2O7 increases content of malondialdehyde and carbonial protein in cardiac tissue, activates the antioxidant system of the heart, expands the levels of biomarkers of cardiotoxicity and increases the atherogenic index. The introduction of Na2B7O7 (22.5 mg/kg) reduces the toxic effect of K2Cr2O7 (cardioprotective e...

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 2020

We studied the effect of "Nettle Oil" on radiation-induced oxidative damage in the tissues of the... more We studied the effect of "Nettle Oil" on radiation-induced oxidative damage in the tissues of the heart and lungs. The experiment was performed on 40 Wistar male rats divided into 4 groups. Animals of the first and third groups received intragastric sunflower oil at a dose of 2.5 ml/kg body weight for 14 days. Animals of the second and fourth groups-the drug "Nettle Oil" in the same amount and mode. Then, rats of the third and fourth groups, an hour after the last injection of oil, were exposed to gamma radiation (6 Gr). Irradiation toxicity was manifested by an increase in blood serum activity of aspartate, alanine aminotransferase, creatinephosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density cholesterol lipoproteins, atherogenic indices against the background of a decrease in high-density cholesterol lipoproteins. In the tissues of the heart and lungs, the amount of malondialdehyde increased and the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and the level of reduced glutathione and non-protein thiol decreased. The introduction of "Nettle Oil" prior to irradiation provided significant antioxidant protection. Antioxidant enzymes increased along with the levels of reduced glutathione and non-protein thiol, which is associated with a significant decrease in the level of malondialdehyde in the tissues of the heart and lungs.

Onkologiâ i radiologiâ Kazahstana, Apr 10, 2024

Relevance: Timely detection of foci of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) with subsequent initiation... more Relevance: Timely detection of foci of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) with subsequent initiation of the repair mechanism plays a crucial role in the overall response to DNA damage. Untimely resolution of DNA DSBs and disruptions in the repair pathway constitute a fundamental mechanism in cancer development and progression. A search for biomarkers is needed to identify DNA DSB foci and achieve a better outcome of targeted therapy. The study aimed to identify comparative differences in DNA double-strand breaks and repair activity in γ-H2AX and 53BP1 parameters in apparently healthy individuals and patients with gastric cancer. Methods: Analysis of focal points of γ-H2AX, 53BP1 with lymphocyte parameters using the automated AKLIDES® system in gastric cancer patients (n=30) and apparently healthy individuals (n=30). Results: Statistically significant differences were found between apparently healthy individuals and patients with gastric cancer in γ-H2AX parameters: "Total number of breaks" (p=0.001), "Number of nuclei with break foci" (p=0.015), "Average number of breaks per cell" (p=0.016), "Mean value of all break foci per cell" (p=0.001), and in 53BP1 parameters: "Number of nuclei with repair foci" (p=0.001), "Mean intensity of repair fluorescence in arbitrary units" (p=0.001), "Mean number of repairs per cell" (p=0.001), and "Number of damaged cells with low fluorescence intensity" (p=0.019). Conclusion: Biomarkers of DNA DSBs with repair activity (γ-H2AX, 53BP1) have clinical significance, contributing to the development of targeted medicine in oncology.

Onkologiâ i radiologiâ Kazahstana, Mar 29, 2024

Актуальность: Своевременное обнаружение очагов двухнитевых разрывов ДНК с последующим запуском ме... more Актуальность: Своевременное обнаружение очагов двухнитевых разрывов ДНК с последующим запуском механизма репарации занимает важную роль в совокупной реакции при повреждении ДНК. Несвоевременное устранение разрывов двухнитевых ДНК и нарушение пути репарации является основным механизмом не только развития рака, но и прогрессирования онкологического процесса. Для достижения улучшенного результата целенаправленного лечения необходим поиск биомаркеров для выявления очагов двухнитевых разрывов ДНК. Цель исследования-выявить сравнительные различия в показателях двухнитевых разрывов и репарационную активность ДНК в параметрах γ-H2AX, 53BP1 у условно здоровых лиц и пациентов с раком желудка. Методы: Проведен анализ параметров повреждения очагов γ-H2AX, 53BP1 в лимфоцитах на автоматизированной системе AKLIDES® у пациентов с раком желудка (n=30) и условно здоровых лиц (n=30). Результаты: Выявлены статистический значимые различия между условно здоровыми лицами и пациентами с раком желудка в параметрах γ-H2AX: «общее количество разрывов» (р=0,001), «количество ядер с очагами разрывов» (р=0,015), «среднее количество разрывов на клетку» (р=0,016), «среднее значение всех очагов разрывов в клетке» (р=0,001), а также в параметрах 53BP1: «количество ядер с очагами репарации» (р=0,001), «среднее значение интенсивности свечения репарации в у.е.» (р=0,001), «среднее количество репараций на клетку» (р=0,001), «поврежденные клетки с низкой интенсивностью свечения» (р=0,019). Заключение: Биомаркеры двухнитевых разрывов ДНК с репарационной активностью (γ-H2AX, 53BP1) имеют клиническую значимость и потенциал применения в качестве диагностического маркера при персонифицированной медицине.

Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana

Relevance: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the five most common cancers worldwide and is charac... more Relevance: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the five most common cancers worldwide and is characterized by trends in incidence, disability, and mortality. A significant recurrence rate and early metastasis characterize CRC. Many meta-analyses in the world literature are aimed at finding factors that determine the probable outcome of the disease. ДИАГНОСТИКА Онкология и Радиология Казахстана, №3 (69) 2023 37 The study aimed to evaluate the role of the parenchymal-stromal ratio in the progression of colorectal cancer. Methods: When microcopying at 40x magnification, the parenchyma (Sp) and stroma (Sm) area were measured in the areas of superficial tumor growth and deep invasion. The parenchymal-stromal ratio (PSR) was calculated using the formula PSS=Sp/Sm, and the correlation with tumor metastasis was determined. Results: With an increase in the depth of tumor invasion, the frequency of metastasis to the liver also increased. The metastasis rate for invasion into the muco-submucosal...

Onkologiâ i radiologiâ Kazahstana, Dec 31, 2023

Relevance: According to WHO, malignant neoplasms rank second in population mortality structure du... more Relevance: According to WHO, malignant neoplasms rank second in population mortality structure due to a constantly increasing influence of technogenic factors that have a direct carcinogenic effect on the body and suppress defense mechanisms. Ionizing radiation plays a special role in the development of cancer. It is used in industry, agriculture, medicine, and scientific research as a diagnostic tool in modern healthcare and radiation therapy for cancer treatment. The consequences of radiation influence are not only the result of a direct effect on the body but also a delayed one through generations of parents and grandparents. According to the radiobiological hypothesis, any level of radiation, no matter how small, poses a risk of long-term consequences, including cancer, in exposed people and their descendants of the first two generations. That is, cancerous tumors are likely consequences of the influence of radiation. Despite various theories of the biological effect of low doses of ionizing radiation, most authors attach primary importance to DNA damage in the manifestation of genetic effects (the concept of non-threshold mutational action). The study aimed to highlight the role of ionizing radiation in tumorigenesis. Methods: Data from MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was analyzed to select and analyze relevant information over the past 10 years using such keywords as "gamma irradiation," "spontaneous oncogenesis," and "prevention of oncogenesis." Results: Radiation exposure may increase the risk of cancer development due to epigenetic changes leading to increased genomic instability (GI) and/or specific suppression of tumor suppressor genes. Changes in the TP53 gene network expression occur; the most significant genes as predictors of carcinogenesis are ST13, IER3, BRCAI, LRDD, and MRAS. Epigenetic changes also influence individual susceptibility to radiation-induced cancer. In addition to the mutagenic effects of ROS and AFN, there is also evidence that oxidative stress plays a fundamental role in epigenetic modifications. Conclusion: As a result of radiation exposure, damage occurs that causes genetic and epigenetic changes, leading to changes in the level of protein expression due to changes in the methylation of cytosine residues in DNA, modification of histones, and regulation of microRNA expression.

Èkologiâ čeloveka, Jan 27, 2021

Introduction: Stomach cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide. Although there is a lot ... more Introduction: Stomach cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide. Although there is a lot of international evidence on survival of stomach cancer patients, the data from Central Asia is still scarce. Aims: To study one-and five-years survival of stomach cancer patients and its correlates in Western Kazakhstan. Methods: All histologically confirmed cases of stomach cancer (ICD10 code: C16) registered from 2015 to 2019 in the Aktobe region, Western Kazakhstan, were included in a registry-based historical cohort study. One-and five-years survival with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) was calculated by life tables method. Independent associations between survival and its correlates were studied using Cox regression and presented as crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HR). Results: Altogether, there were 793 new cases of and 587 deaths from stomach cancer in the Aktobe region over the study period. Sixty-five percent of cases were diagnosed at stage III or IV. The overall one-and five-year survival was 33.1 % and 8.4 %, respectively. Significant differences in survival functions across categories were observed for cancer stage (p < 0.001), morphological type (p < 0.001) and ethnic background (p = 0.017). After adjustment, only stage and morphological type of tumor remained significantly associated with the out come. Stage III (HR = 2.3, 95 % CI: 1.5-3.6) and stage IV (HR = 4.4, 95 % CI: 2.8-6.9) were associated with shorter survival compared to the reference category. Patients with intestinal type of cancer were more likely to survive longer (HR = 0.7, 95 % CI: 0.6-0.8). Conclusions: High proportion of cases diagnosed at advance stage and low survival warrant urgent measures on both population and institutional levels. Preventive activities, increased awareness of the population and implementation of routine screening should be among the priority actions to improve survival of stomach cancer patients and decrease cancer mortality in Western Kazakhstan.

Cervical cancer is a significant global health concern, with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection... more Cervical cancer is a significant global health concern, with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection being a crucial risk factor. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an attractive, minimally invasive treatment for HPV-related cervical lesions, which uses photosensitizers and light to selectively de-stroy abnormal cells. We aim to provide an overview of the various sorts of dyes that are utilized in PDT for decreasing the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer. Besides, the article discusses ongoing clinical trials for PDT in low-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), as well as preclinical approaches for PDT in cervical cancer using various dyes. Moreover, it highlights potential dyes for PDT, examine them in in-silico condition, their pros and cons and also the solutions for enhancing their anticancer com-patibility. We also display that PDT is a promising therapeutic strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of HPV-associa...

Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2012

Two prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines have been recently approved: one quadrivalen... more Two prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines have been recently approved: one quadrivalent and the other a bivalent vaccine. When administered in a three-dose course to HPV-naive individuals, both vaccines exhibited excellent safety profiles and were highly efficacious against targeted clinical endpoints in large-scale international phase III clinical trials. Where coverage has been high for the appropriate target population, a reduction of HPV-related diseases with the shortest incubation periods has already been seen. By March 2012, universal HPV vaccination had been introduced into national vaccination programmes in more than 40 countries, but only in a few low-income and middle-income countries. With the growing market for HPV vaccines and competition between manufacturers, negotiated prices are already beginning to decline although they still remain out of reach of many countries. The great majority of countries are struggling to reach a level of coverage that will have the most impact on cervical cancer rates. Increasing coverage and improving completion of the HPV vaccine schedule, particularly of sexually naive females, is now the most important public-health issue in HPV vaccine efforts. A clear strategy for integrating primary (HPV vaccination) and secondary (screening) cervical cancer prevention must be agreed as soon as possible. Several second-generation prophylactic vaccines are being developed with the aim of resolving some of the limitations of the two current HPV prophylactic vaccines.

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2020

Objective: to assess the current state of gastric cancer (GC) incidence and its five-year surviva... more Objective: to assess the current state of gastric cancer (GC) incidence and its five-year survival across Aktobe region of western Kazakhstan from 2009 to 2018 by presenting key indicators and analyzing the most significant features. Methods: Rough incidence rates (per 100,000) and average annual percent changes (aAPCs) were estimated for each age group at diagnosis with respect to gender, ethnicity, residence, the disease stages, tumor subsite, and histology type using linear regression analysis, including the prognostic index for 2019-2020. Overall five-year survival rates were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Overall GC incidence increased from 19.2 to 29.3, and averaged 25.8 (R2 0.65) with aAPC of 3.2%, with a potential to further rise (30.4 by 2020, p<0.001). Non-cardia location (17.8, p<0.001, aAPC 6.4%) and intestinal type of the tumor (17.0, p<0.001, aAPC 7.35%) were predominant. The observed overall five-year survival rate was 28.4% (95% CI 24.5;32.3) with a median survival time of 8.0 months (95% CI 6.6;9.4). Groups aged 40-49 and ≥70 had the lowest rates (24.4% and 22.1%, respectively, log-rank p 0.008), but the youngest individuals (18-39 years) showed the shortest median survival time, 5.0 months after diagnosis at the survival rate of 29.4%. Resectional surgery contributed significantly to the median survival time, 23.0 months vs. 6.0 in non-operated patients (log-rank p<0.001). Conclusion: GC in Aktobe region was featured by growing incidence and unsatisfactory five-year survival rates. Indigenous males of 60-69 years old with intestinal histology type, as well as the youngest patients irrespective of their gender, ethnicity, and other characteristics were recognized as high risk groups. Besides, relatively high aAPC 5.1% in the youngest revealed their further expected vulnerability. Further research is suggested to focus on risk factors, including gene expression profiling, to find out an accessible preventive strategy.

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal

The immune system supports antigenic homeostasis in the body and regulates the processes of proli... more The immune system supports antigenic homeostasis in the body and regulates the processes of proliferation and differentiation of cellular components in hemo- and immunopoiesis. Chromium compounds and ionizing radiation lead to the formation of highly reactive free radicals. Sublethal dose of gamma-irradiation is characterized by a 56% decrease in thymus cellularity and a 22% decrease in lymph nodes against the background of a 44% increase in the number of lymphoid cells in the spleen. Under the combined effect of hexavalent chromium and gamma-radiation, a decrease in the number of lymphoid cells is observed. In thymus the cellularity decreases by 70%, in spleen - by 40%, in lymph nodes - by 42% in comparison with control data. Under the influence of boric acid the number of lymphoid cells in thymus significantly increases by 47%, in lymph nodes - by 14% (p<0.05) compared to the data of irradiated animals. Boric acid administration weakens the development of oxidative stress, lipi...

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, Mar 25, 2018

Hexavalent chromium presents a particular threat due to its high toxicity. In this study showed t... more Hexavalent chromium presents a particular threat due to its high toxicity. In this study showed the neuroprotective effect of sodium tetraborate in chromic intoxication. The experiment was performed on Wistar rats divided into 4 groups: 1 group-control; II group-single intraperitoneal injection of K 2 Ñr 2 O 7 in a dose of 0,5LD 50 , in the ²²² and ²V groups with drinking water received Na 2 B 4 O 7. Animals of the III group-4 mg/kg of body weight, in IV group-72 mg/kg of body weight daily for 10 days, the last administration of Na 2 B 4 O 7 was combined with a single intraperitoneal injection of K 2 Ñr 2 O 7 at a dose of 14 mg/kg (0,5LD 50).Na 2 B 4 O 7 in a dose of 4 mg/kg leads to a decrease in the level of MDA by 33%, an increase in the activity of catalase by 69%, superoxide dismutase by 21%, GR by 49%. Na 2 B 4 O 7 at a dose of 72 mg/kg increases the MDA content by 31% in comparison with the data of rats of chromic intoxication. K 2 Ñr 2 O 7 reduces the GSH level by 42%, the non-protein thiol by 36%. Na 2 B 4 O 7 at a dose of 4 mg/kg increased the GSH level by 53%, the non-protein thiol by 35%, and at a dose of 72 mg/kg reduced the GSH content by 23% (ñ<0.05), the non-protein thiol by 20% (ñ<0.05) in comparison with the data of rats exposed to K 2 Ñr 2 O 7 .

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, Mar 31, 2022

They studied the effect of the herbal medicine "Burdock root oil" on oxidative damage to liver, k... more They studied the effect of the herbal medicine "Burdock root oil" on oxidative damage to liver, kidney and blood tissues. The experiment was performed on 50 non-linear white male rats weighing 180-220 g, divided into 5 groups. The first group-control; animals of groups II and III were subjected to fractional gamma irradiation for five days (0.6 G/day; dose rate 1 Gr/ min (60Co)). The total dose was 3 Gr. Animals of the fourth and fifth groups were exposed to a combination of gradiation (as in groups I and III) and potassium dichromate (Cr+6). Potassium dichromate was administered intraperitoneally daily at a dose of 2.8 mg/kg of body weight (0.1LD50) for 5 days (0.5LD50). Rats of groups 3 and 5 received Burdock root oil at a dose of 2.5 ml/kg of body weight intragastrically for 14 days prior to the experimental exposure. Fractional exposure, combined exposure g-radiation, gamma radiation and Cr+6 led to an increase in malondialdehyde and diene conjugates in blood plasma, liver and kidney tissues. Under g-irradiation, the activity of superoxide dismutase enzymes (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in red blood cells compensation increased significantly against the background of a decrease in the level of SH-groups in blood plasma. In liver and kidney tissues, all studied enzymes and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels decreased. Under the conditions of combined exposure g-radiation and potassium dichromate-all the studied indicators of antioxidant protection decreased. The introduction of Burdock root oil before isolated and combined exposure provided significant antioxidant protection in the studied tissues. Conclusion: it can be assumed, that the "Burdock root oil" it is a potential drug that can be used as a radiation protector, in conditions of combined influence of a physical and chemical agent-a detoxifier. In our opinion, the antioxidant potential of the herbal medicine justifies the continuation of further research in clinical practice.

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, Mar 25, 2020

The purpose of this research is to study the effect of sodium tetraborate on chromiuminduced oxid... more The purpose of this research is to study the effect of sodium tetraborate on chromiuminduced oxidative damage in lung tissue. The experiment was conducted on 60 «Wistar» male rats (170-190g.) which were divided into 6 groups. The first group is control; the second, third, fourth groups received potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) with drinking water at a dose of 700 mg/l for 21 days; the fifth and sixth groups of animals received orally a solution of sodium tetraborate (Na2B4O7) at a dose of 22.5 mg/kg and 225 mg/kg of body weight per day for 31 days. Animals of the third and fourth groups received orally Na2B4O7 at doses of 22.5 mg/kg and 225 mg/kg per day, respectively, for ten days before receiving K2Cr2O7, then for 21 days, co-administration of potassium dichromate. Introduction of K2Cr2O7 caused a change in the endopulmonary cytogram, significantly reduced the nonspecific mechanism of respiratory protection from external influences, increased the content of malonic dialdehyde (p<0.05) and same as previous. Co-administration of Na2B4O7 (22.5 mg/kg) with K2Cr2O7 improves the mucociliary index (anti-inflammatory effect-the effect of debridement), inhibits oxidative damage (oxidative stress) in the lung tissue (antioxidant effect) in comparison with the data of animals exposed to K2Cr2O7. The combined use of Na2B4O7 in a high dose with K2Cr2O7 did not show the expected positive effect. Oxidative stress in the lung tissue induced by K2Cr2O7 leads to changes in the endopulmonary cytogram, disturbances in the mucociliary index, the balance of prooxidants/antioxidants in the lung tissue, to an increase in the peroxidation of lipids and inhibition of the antioxidant system. Sodium tetraborate, depending on the dose (at a low dose of 22.5 mg/kg body weight), can protect lung tissue from chromium-induced oxidative damage. However, with the introduction of sodium tetraborate in a high dose with chromium, the expected positive effect is not observed.

Toxicology and Industrial Health, Mar 28, 2018

The purpose of this research is to study the process of mutagenesis and the reproductive function... more The purpose of this research is to study the process of mutagenesis and the reproductive function in male rats under separate and combined exposure to chromium and boron compounds. The experiment was conducted on two groups of animals. The first group was used to assess the ability of potassium dichromate and boric acid to induce mutation in germ and somatic cells under isolated and combined administration with the use of the dominant lethal mutations test and the micronuclei test in the polychromatophilic erythrocytes of the bone marrow. The second group was used to test the combined and separate effect of the compounds under consideration on the reproductive function of male rats during the spermatogenesis cycle. When used in specific doses, boron compounds are a promising means of preventing and correcting chromium-induced effects in chromium production facility workers and people who live in ecologically adverse regions.

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal

They studied the effect of the herbal medicine "Burdock root oil" on oxidative damage t... more They studied the effect of the herbal medicine "Burdock root oil" on oxidative damage to liver, kidney and blood tissues. The experiment was performed on 50 non-linear white male rats weighing 180-220 g, divided into 5 groups. The first group - control; animals of groups II and III were subjected to fractional gamma irradiation for five days (0.6 G/day; dose rate 1 Gr/min (60Co)). The total dose was 3 Gr. Animals of the fourth and fifth groups were exposed to a combination of gradiation (as in groups I and III) and potassium dichromate (Cr+6). Potassium dichromate was administered intraperitoneally daily at a dose of 2.8 mg/kg of body weight (0.1LD50) for 5 days (0.5LD50). Rats of groups 3 and 5 received Burdock root oil at a dose of 2.5 ml/kg of body weight intragastrically for 14 days prior to the experimental exposure. Fractional exposure, combined exposure g-radiation, gamma radiation and Cr+6 led to an increase in malondialdehyde and diene conjugates in blood plasma, ...

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 2021

The radioprotective effect of the herbal preparation "Licorice oil" on the hematopoieti... more The radioprotective effect of the herbal preparation "Licorice oil" on the hematopoietic system and oxidative stress was studied. The experiment was carried out on 30 male Wistar rats, divided into 3 groups. The first group is control group, the second is irradiation with 6Gy, third group - a week before irradiation and two weeks after, received "Licorice oil" intragastrically at a dose of 2.5 ml/kg of body weight. Gamma irradiation significantly reduced the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, thrombocytes in peripheral blood and bone marrow cellularity. The frequency of micronuclei in polychromatophilic erythrocytes of the bone marrow has significantly increased. The level of lipid peroxidation in the blood increased against the background of a significant decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The introduction of "Licorice oil" for 21 days provided a protective effect. In application of "Licorice oil", there...

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 2020

The purpose of this research is to study the effect of sodium tetraborate on chromiuminduced oxid... more The purpose of this research is to study the effect of sodium tetraborate on chromiuminduced oxidative damage in lung tissue. The experiment was conducted on 60 «Wistar» male rats (170-190g.) which were divided into 6 groups. The first group is control; the second, third, fourth groups received potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) with drinking water at a dose of 700 mg/l for 21 days; the fifth and sixth groups of animals received orally a solution of sodium tetraborate (Na2B4O7) at a dose of 22.5 mg/kg and 225 mg/kg of body weight per day for 31 days. Animals of the third and fourth groups received orally Na2B4O7 at doses of 22.5 mg/kg and 225 mg/kg per day, respectively, for ten days before receiving K2Cr2O7, then for 21 days, co-administration of potassium dichromate. Introduction of K2Cr2O7 caused a change in the endopulmonary cytogram, significantly reduced the nonspecific mechanism of respiratory protection from external influences, increased the content of malonic dialdehyde (p<0.05) and same as previous. Co-administration of Na2B4O7 (22.5 mg/kg) with K2Cr2O7 improves the mucociliary index (anti-inflammatory effect-the effect of debridement), inhibits oxidative damage (oxidative stress) in the lung tissue (antioxidant effect) in comparison with the data of animals exposed to K2Cr2O7. The combined use of Na2B4O7 in a high dose with K2Cr2O7 did not show the expected positive effect. Oxidative stress in the lung tissue induced by K2Cr2O7 leads to changes in the endopulmonary cytogram, disturbances in the mucociliary index, the balance of prooxidants/antioxidants in the lung tissue, to an increase in the peroxidation of lipids and inhibition of the antioxidant system. Sodium tetraborate, depending on the dose (at a low dose of 22.5 mg/kg body weight), can protect lung tissue from chromium-induced oxidative damage. However, with the introduction of sodium tetraborate in a high dose with chromium, the expected positive effect is not observed.

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 2018

Hexavalent chromium presents a particular threat due to its high toxicity. In this study showed t... more Hexavalent chromium presents a particular threat due to its high toxicity. In this study showed the neuroprotective effect of sodium tetraborate in chromic intoxication. The experiment was performed on Wistar rats divided into 4 groups: 1 group - control; 2 group - single intraperitoneal injection of K2Сr2O7 in a dose of 0,5LD50, in the 3 and 4 groups with drinking water received Na2B4O7. Animals of the 3 group - 4 mg/kg of body weight, in 4 group - 72 mg/kg of body weight daily for 10 days, the last administration of Na2B4O7 was combined with a single intraperitoneal injection of K2Сr2O7 at a dose of 14 mg/kg (0,5LD50). Na2B4O7 in a dose of 4 mg/kg leads to a decrease in the level of MDA by 33%, an increase in the activity of catalase by 69%, superoxide dismutase by 21%, GR by 49%. Na2B4O7 at a dose of 72 mg/kg increases the MDA content by 31% in comparison with the data of rats of chromic intoxication. K2Сr2O7 reduces the GSH level by 42%, the non-protein thiol by 36%. Na2B4O7 at ...

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 2019

The cardioprotective effects of sodium tetraborate in chromium intoxication, correction of lipid ... more The cardioprotective effects of sodium tetraborate in chromium intoxication, correction of lipid profile and oxidative stress have been investigated. The experiment has been performed on 36 Wistar male rats, divided into 6 groups. I - control; II, III, and IV groups received potassium bichromate (K2Cr2O7) 700 mg/l with drinking water; rats of the III and IV groups received additionally orally a solution of sodium tetraborate (Na2B7O7) in doses of 22.5 mg/kg and 225 mg/kg per day, respectively. Animals of the V and VI groups received orally only Na2B7O7 solution at the rate respectively 22.5 and 225 mg/kg weight per day. The study duration was 21 days. The introduction of K2Cr2O7 increases content of malondialdehyde and carbonial protein in cardiac tissue, activates the antioxidant system of the heart, expands the levels of biomarkers of cardiotoxicity and increases the atherogenic index. The introduction of Na2B7O7 (22.5 mg/kg) reduces the toxic effect of K2Cr2O7 (cardioprotective e...

Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 2020

We studied the effect of "Nettle Oil" on radiation-induced oxidative damage in the tissues of the... more We studied the effect of "Nettle Oil" on radiation-induced oxidative damage in the tissues of the heart and lungs. The experiment was performed on 40 Wistar male rats divided into 4 groups. Animals of the first and third groups received intragastric sunflower oil at a dose of 2.5 ml/kg body weight for 14 days. Animals of the second and fourth groups-the drug "Nettle Oil" in the same amount and mode. Then, rats of the third and fourth groups, an hour after the last injection of oil, were exposed to gamma radiation (6 Gr). Irradiation toxicity was manifested by an increase in blood serum activity of aspartate, alanine aminotransferase, creatinephosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density cholesterol lipoproteins, atherogenic indices against the background of a decrease in high-density cholesterol lipoproteins. In the tissues of the heart and lungs, the amount of malondialdehyde increased and the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and the level of reduced glutathione and non-protein thiol decreased. The introduction of "Nettle Oil" prior to irradiation provided significant antioxidant protection. Antioxidant enzymes increased along with the levels of reduced glutathione and non-protein thiol, which is associated with a significant decrease in the level of malondialdehyde in the tissues of the heart and lungs.