Kenan Yusif-zade - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Kenan Yusif-zade
Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques, 2006
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumoperitoneum on t... more The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumoperitoneum on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity and total protein (TP) levels. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 10 groups, each consisting of 10 rats. Groups 1 and 2 consisted of anesthesia and sham-operated control rats, respectively. In the study groups, 10 mm Hg (group 3) and 15 mm Hg (group 4) pneumoperitoneum with CO2 were accomplished. At the end of the procedures, the brains and adrenals were removed quickly, and the hypothalamus and adrenal medulla separated, weighed, and homogenized. TH activity and TP levels were determined. The adrenal medulla TP and TH activity levels were decreased consistently and this decrease was significant in the sham and pneumoperitoneum groups compared with the control group (P<0.05). The adrenal medulla TP and TH activity levels were reduced significantly in group 4, as compared with the other groups (P<0.05). Elevation of hypothalamic TH activity in group 4 was significantly higher than in the other groups (P<0.05). These results indicate that CO2 pneumoperitoneum applied with 10 and 15 mm Hg pressure gradually decreases the adrenal medulla TH activity; TH is an indispensable enzyme for the biosynthesis of catecholamines. CO2 pneumoperitoneum with 15 mm Hg pressure significantly elevated hypothalamus TH activity.
Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2009
Казанский медицинский журнал, Dec 15, 2014
Теоретическая и клиническая медицина Т 3. Материалы с памятью формы и новые технологии в медицине... more Теоретическая и клиническая медицина Т 3. Материалы с памятью формы и новые технологии в медицине / Под ред. В.Э. Гюнтера.-Томск: Изд-во МИЦ, 2010.-360 с. [Materialy s pamyat'yu formy i novye tekhnologii v meditsine. (Shape memory materials and new technologies in medicine.
PubMed, 2021
Objectives: The most common method of removal of calculi ("stones") from the common bile duct (CB... more Objectives: The most common method of removal of calculi ("stones") from the common bile duct (CBD) is an endoscopic sphincterotomy. We wished to determine the role of an improved method of sphincterotomy in choledocholithiasis: "radial sphincterotomy". Methods: From 2017 to 2018, 54 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures were undertaken in patients diagnosed with choledocholithiasis. Group 1 (23 patients) received a standard "pull type" sphincterotomy. The sphincterotomy incision in group 1 was made at the 11, 12 or 1 'O' clock directions of a conventional clock depending on the anatomy of the papilla and stone size. Group 2 (31 patients) received a radial sphincterotomy. In this case, several incisions were made in the 11, 12 or 1 'O' clock directions. The main incision was applied to the transverse fold, and other radial incisions were made below the transverse fold, without going beyond the boundaries of the proposed course of the intramural part of the CBD. Results: Stone size (mm) was classified as ≤5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20 and >20. In group 1, the stone size was <20 mm in 21 patients, and >20 mm in two patients. In group 2, stones >20 mm were detected in seven patients, and in other cases the size was 15-20 mm. In patients who underwent radial sphincterotomy, post-ERCP pancreatitis was noted in one patient, and bleeding and perforations were not observed . Conclusions: Our method showed promising results, and deserves more extensive research and worldwide application. We recommend that only experienced endoscopists should undertake this novel procedure.
Marmara medical journal, 2015
Amaç: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan olgularda safra kesesi hastalıklarının dağılımını bel... more Amaç: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan olgularda safra kesesi hastalıklarının dağılımını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Hastalar ve Yöntem: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan toplam 404 olguya ait kolesistektomi spesimeninin patolojik özellikleri tekrar gözden geçirildi. Olgulara ait lamlar ve patoloji raporları yeniden değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Üçyüz iki olgu (%74,75) kadın, 102 olgu (%25,25) ise erkekti. Olguların yaş aralığı 16-80, yaş ortalaması 47,68±12,93 idi. En çok rastlanan hastalıklar 393 olguda görülen kolelitiazis ve 363 olguda görülen kronik kolesistitti. Ksantogranulomatöz kolesistitli tek olgumuzda safra kesesi intraoperatif olarak malignite açısından kuşkulu bulunmuştur. Kırk altı olguda metaplazi, dört olguda displazi ve sadece bir olguda insidental olarak adenokarsinom belirlendi. Sonuç: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan olgularda safra kesesinde malign tumor insidansı çok düşüktü (%0,24). Klinik olarak bulgu göstermeyen malignitelerin saptanabilmesi veya ksantogranulomatöz kolesistit gibi malignite kuşkusu oluşturan bulguların ekarte edilmesi için kolesistektomi spesimenlerinin rutin olarak, yeterli sayıda örneklerin histopatolojik incelemeye alınması gerektiği görüşündeyiz.
Turkish Journal of Surgery, Jul 28, 2016
In this report, an adult patient with tubulopapillary adenoma of the common bile duct that manife... more In this report, an adult patient with tubulopapillary adenoma of the common bile duct that manifested with jaundice is presented. Diagnostic challenges were analyzed. Although adenomas of the common bile duct are rare, they should be kept in mind in the differentiation of lesions of this region. It should be remembered that these lesions radiologically could mimic carcinoma and choledocholithiasis. Endoscopic resection should be considered as the primary method for treatment. Histopathology is the gold standard in diagnosis.
Çağdaş Cerrahi Dergisi, 2002
Fujita Medical Journal, 2021
Objectives: The most common method of removal of calculi (“stones”) from the common bile duct (CB... more Objectives: The most common method of removal of calculi (“stones”) from the common bile duct (CBD) is an endoscopic sphincterotomy. We wished to determine the role of an improved method of sphincterotomy in choledocholithiasis: “radial sphincterotomy”. Methods: From 2017 to 2018, 54 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures were undertaken in patients diagnosed with choledocholithiasis. Group 1 (23 patients) received a standard “pull type” sphincterotomy. The sphincterotomy incision in group 1 was made at the 11, 12 or 1 ‘O’ clock directions of a conventional clock depending on the anatomy of the papilla and stone size. Group 2 (31 patients) received a radial sphincterotomy. In this case, several incisions were made in the 11, 12 or 1 ‘O’ clock directions. The main incision was applied to the transverse fold, and other radial incisions were made below the transverse fold, without going beyond the boundaries of the proposed course of the intramural part of the...
Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences, 2014
The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of the amount of endoscopic approaches on effe... more The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of the amount of endoscopic approaches on effectiveness of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: For the purpose of comparative evaluation of the results of surgical treatment of a three-and fourport laparoscopic approach was a retrospective analysis of case histories of 118 patients. Patients were divided into two groups: operated by using three laparoscopic approaches (60 patients) and unused optional fourth trocar (58 patients). One of the important stages of scientific research was histological morphology characteristic of the removed gallbladder, which was performed in 118 patients who underwent minimally invasive operations. For subjective assessment of the manifestations of pain syndrome used the conventional visual analog scale of pain (VAS). Results: 60 patients underwent threeport laparoscopic cholecystectomy (the main group) and 58 patients underwent four-port LC (group of comparison). In the main group 53 (88.3%) patients showed absence of any pain, and only 3 from them complained of existence easy and 4-moderate pain respectively for the 7 th day after surgical intervention. In group of comparison these indicators made: respectively 50 (86.2%), 2 and 6 people. Terms of hospitalization and disability were relatively lower at the minimum number of ports: respectively 3.2 and 4.4 days. In the main group duration of disability made 8.5 days against 10.6 days in group of comparison. Conclusion: Reducing the number of laparoscopic approach significantly reduced the frequency of clinical manifestations of pain, achieved maximum cosmetic effect, significantly shortens postoperative rehabilitation period, and comes earlier activation and rehabilitation of patients.
Gazi Medical Journal, 2003
Marmara Medical Journal, 2015
Amaç: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan olgularda safra kesesi hastalıklarının dağılımını bel... more Amaç: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan olgularda safra kesesi hastalıklarının dağılımını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Hastalar ve Yöntem: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan toplam 404 olguya ait kolesistektomi spesimeninin patolojik özellikleri tekrar gözden geçirildi. Olgulara ait lamlar ve patoloji raporları yeniden değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Üçyüz iki olgu (%74,75) kadın, 102 olgu (%25,25) ise erkekti. Olguların yaş aralığı 16-80, yaş ortalaması 47,68±12,93 idi. En çok rastlanan hastalıklar 393 olguda görülen kolelitiazis ve 363 olguda görülen kronik kolesistitti. Ksantogranulomatöz kolesistitli tek olgumuzda safra kesesi intraoperatif olarak malignite açısından kuşkulu bulunmuştur. Kırk altı olguda metaplazi, dört olguda displazi ve sadece bir olguda insidental olarak adenokarsinom belirlendi. Sonuç: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan olgularda safra kesesinde malign tumor insidansı çok düşüktü (%0,24). Klinik olarak bulgu göstermeyen malignitelerin saptanabilmesi veya ksantogranulomatöz kolesistit gibi malignite kuşkusu oluşturan bulguların ekarte edilmesi için kolesistektomi spesimenlerinin rutin olarak, yeterli sayıda örneklerin histopatolojik incelemeye alınması gerektiği görüşündeyiz.
Turkish Journal of Surgery, 2016
In this report, an adult patient with tubulopapillary adenoma of the common bile duct that manife... more In this report, an adult patient with tubulopapillary adenoma of the common bile duct that manifested with jaundice is presented. Diagnostic challenges were analyzed. Although adenomas of the common bile duct are rare, they should be kept in mind in the differentiation of lesions of this region. It should be remembered that these lesions radiologically could mimic carcinoma and choledocholithiasis. Endoscopic resection should be considered as the primary method for treatment. Histopathology is the gold standard in diagnosis.
Vestnik Rossiĭskoĭ akademii meditsinskikh nauk / Rossiĭskaia akademiia meditsinskikh nauk, 2014
The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of the amount of endoscopic approaches on effe... more The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of the amount of endoscopic approaches on effectiveness of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. For the purpose of comparative evaluation of the results of surgical treatment of a three- and fourport laparoscopic approach was a retrospective analysis of case histories of 118 patients. Patients were divided into two groups: operated by using three laparoscopic approaches (60 patients) and unused optional fourth trocar (58 patients). One of the important stages of scientific research was histological morphology characteristic of the removed gallbladder, which was performed in 118 patients who underwent minimally invasive operations. For subjective assessment of the manifestations of pain syndrome used the conventional visual analog scale of pain (VAS). 60 patients underwent three-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (the main group) and 58 patients underwent four-port LC (group of comparison). In the main group 53 (88.3%) patients showed absenc...
Bratislavské lekárske listy, 2009
Acute mesenteric ischemia is an entity characterized by rapid developing of circulatory failure. ... more Acute mesenteric ischemia is an entity characterized by rapid developing of circulatory failure. Reperfusion following ischemia causes further mucosal injury. In our study, an experimental model of 15 minutes of reperfusion following 45 minutes of superior mesenteric artery occlusion was established. The segments which underwent I/R injury were histopathologically examined, and blood samples obtained from the heart were analyzed for alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase levels. The results of the study demonstrated that mucosal injury in anandamide injected group was less expressed than in other groups suggesting that anandamide might have a protective effect on the mucosa. After L-NAME and indomethacin injection, the protective effect of anandamide seems to disappear due to inhibition of NO and prostaglandins. The results of histopathological examination of specimens from CB1 receptor and anandamide injected group indicate that I/R injury has regressed. The protective effect of ...
Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques, 2006
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumoperitoneum on t... more The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumoperitoneum on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity and total protein (TP) levels. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 10 groups, each consisting of 10 rats. Groups 1 and 2 consisted of anesthesia and sham-operated control rats, respectively. In the study groups, 10 mm Hg (group 3) and 15 mm Hg (group 4) pneumoperitoneum with CO2 were accomplished. At the end of the procedures, the brains and adrenals were removed quickly, and the hypothalamus and adrenal medulla separated, weighed, and homogenized. TH activity and TP levels were determined. The adrenal medulla TP and TH activity levels were decreased consistently and this decrease was significant in the sham and pneumoperitoneum groups compared with the control group (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). The adrenal medulla TP and TH activity levels were reduced significantly in group 4, as compared with the other groups (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). Elevation of hypothalamic TH activity in group 4 was significantly higher than in the other groups (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). These results indicate that CO2 pneumoperitoneum applied with 10 and 15 mm Hg pressure gradually decreases the adrenal medulla TH activity; TH is an indispensable enzyme for the biosynthesis of catecholamines. CO2 pneumoperitoneum with 15 mm Hg pressure significantly elevated hypothalamus TH activity.
Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2009
Казанский медицинский журнал, Dec 15, 2014
Теоретическая и клиническая медицина Т 3. Материалы с памятью формы и новые технологии в медицине... more Теоретическая и клиническая медицина Т 3. Материалы с памятью формы и новые технологии в медицине / Под ред. В.Э. Гюнтера.-Томск: Изд-во МИЦ, 2010.-360 с. [Materialy s pamyat'yu formy i novye tekhnologii v meditsine. (Shape memory materials and new technologies in medicine.
PubMed, 2021
Objectives: The most common method of removal of calculi ("stones") from the common bile duct (CB... more Objectives: The most common method of removal of calculi ("stones") from the common bile duct (CBD) is an endoscopic sphincterotomy. We wished to determine the role of an improved method of sphincterotomy in choledocholithiasis: "radial sphincterotomy". Methods: From 2017 to 2018, 54 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures were undertaken in patients diagnosed with choledocholithiasis. Group 1 (23 patients) received a standard "pull type" sphincterotomy. The sphincterotomy incision in group 1 was made at the 11, 12 or 1 'O' clock directions of a conventional clock depending on the anatomy of the papilla and stone size. Group 2 (31 patients) received a radial sphincterotomy. In this case, several incisions were made in the 11, 12 or 1 'O' clock directions. The main incision was applied to the transverse fold, and other radial incisions were made below the transverse fold, without going beyond the boundaries of the proposed course of the intramural part of the CBD. Results: Stone size (mm) was classified as ≤5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20 and >20. In group 1, the stone size was <20 mm in 21 patients, and >20 mm in two patients. In group 2, stones >20 mm were detected in seven patients, and in other cases the size was 15-20 mm. In patients who underwent radial sphincterotomy, post-ERCP pancreatitis was noted in one patient, and bleeding and perforations were not observed . Conclusions: Our method showed promising results, and deserves more extensive research and worldwide application. We recommend that only experienced endoscopists should undertake this novel procedure.
Marmara medical journal, 2015
Amaç: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan olgularda safra kesesi hastalıklarının dağılımını bel... more Amaç: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan olgularda safra kesesi hastalıklarının dağılımını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Hastalar ve Yöntem: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan toplam 404 olguya ait kolesistektomi spesimeninin patolojik özellikleri tekrar gözden geçirildi. Olgulara ait lamlar ve patoloji raporları yeniden değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Üçyüz iki olgu (%74,75) kadın, 102 olgu (%25,25) ise erkekti. Olguların yaş aralığı 16-80, yaş ortalaması 47,68±12,93 idi. En çok rastlanan hastalıklar 393 olguda görülen kolelitiazis ve 363 olguda görülen kronik kolesistitti. Ksantogranulomatöz kolesistitli tek olgumuzda safra kesesi intraoperatif olarak malignite açısından kuşkulu bulunmuştur. Kırk altı olguda metaplazi, dört olguda displazi ve sadece bir olguda insidental olarak adenokarsinom belirlendi. Sonuç: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan olgularda safra kesesinde malign tumor insidansı çok düşüktü (%0,24). Klinik olarak bulgu göstermeyen malignitelerin saptanabilmesi veya ksantogranulomatöz kolesistit gibi malignite kuşkusu oluşturan bulguların ekarte edilmesi için kolesistektomi spesimenlerinin rutin olarak, yeterli sayıda örneklerin histopatolojik incelemeye alınması gerektiği görüşündeyiz.
Turkish Journal of Surgery, Jul 28, 2016
In this report, an adult patient with tubulopapillary adenoma of the common bile duct that manife... more In this report, an adult patient with tubulopapillary adenoma of the common bile duct that manifested with jaundice is presented. Diagnostic challenges were analyzed. Although adenomas of the common bile duct are rare, they should be kept in mind in the differentiation of lesions of this region. It should be remembered that these lesions radiologically could mimic carcinoma and choledocholithiasis. Endoscopic resection should be considered as the primary method for treatment. Histopathology is the gold standard in diagnosis.
Çağdaş Cerrahi Dergisi, 2002
Fujita Medical Journal, 2021
Objectives: The most common method of removal of calculi (“stones”) from the common bile duct (CB... more Objectives: The most common method of removal of calculi (“stones”) from the common bile duct (CBD) is an endoscopic sphincterotomy. We wished to determine the role of an improved method of sphincterotomy in choledocholithiasis: “radial sphincterotomy”. Methods: From 2017 to 2018, 54 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures were undertaken in patients diagnosed with choledocholithiasis. Group 1 (23 patients) received a standard “pull type” sphincterotomy. The sphincterotomy incision in group 1 was made at the 11, 12 or 1 ‘O’ clock directions of a conventional clock depending on the anatomy of the papilla and stone size. Group 2 (31 patients) received a radial sphincterotomy. In this case, several incisions were made in the 11, 12 or 1 ‘O’ clock directions. The main incision was applied to the transverse fold, and other radial incisions were made below the transverse fold, without going beyond the boundaries of the proposed course of the intramural part of the...
Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences, 2014
The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of the amount of endoscopic approaches on effe... more The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of the amount of endoscopic approaches on effectiveness of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: For the purpose of comparative evaluation of the results of surgical treatment of a three-and fourport laparoscopic approach was a retrospective analysis of case histories of 118 patients. Patients were divided into two groups: operated by using three laparoscopic approaches (60 patients) and unused optional fourth trocar (58 patients). One of the important stages of scientific research was histological morphology characteristic of the removed gallbladder, which was performed in 118 patients who underwent minimally invasive operations. For subjective assessment of the manifestations of pain syndrome used the conventional visual analog scale of pain (VAS). Results: 60 patients underwent threeport laparoscopic cholecystectomy (the main group) and 58 patients underwent four-port LC (group of comparison). In the main group 53 (88.3%) patients showed absence of any pain, and only 3 from them complained of existence easy and 4-moderate pain respectively for the 7 th day after surgical intervention. In group of comparison these indicators made: respectively 50 (86.2%), 2 and 6 people. Terms of hospitalization and disability were relatively lower at the minimum number of ports: respectively 3.2 and 4.4 days. In the main group duration of disability made 8.5 days against 10.6 days in group of comparison. Conclusion: Reducing the number of laparoscopic approach significantly reduced the frequency of clinical manifestations of pain, achieved maximum cosmetic effect, significantly shortens postoperative rehabilitation period, and comes earlier activation and rehabilitation of patients.
Gazi Medical Journal, 2003
Marmara Medical Journal, 2015
Amaç: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan olgularda safra kesesi hastalıklarının dağılımını bel... more Amaç: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan olgularda safra kesesi hastalıklarının dağılımını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Hastalar ve Yöntem: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan toplam 404 olguya ait kolesistektomi spesimeninin patolojik özellikleri tekrar gözden geçirildi. Olgulara ait lamlar ve patoloji raporları yeniden değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Üçyüz iki olgu (%74,75) kadın, 102 olgu (%25,25) ise erkekti. Olguların yaş aralığı 16-80, yaş ortalaması 47,68±12,93 idi. En çok rastlanan hastalıklar 393 olguda görülen kolelitiazis ve 363 olguda görülen kronik kolesistitti. Ksantogranulomatöz kolesistitli tek olgumuzda safra kesesi intraoperatif olarak malignite açısından kuşkulu bulunmuştur. Kırk altı olguda metaplazi, dört olguda displazi ve sadece bir olguda insidental olarak adenokarsinom belirlendi. Sonuç: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan olgularda safra kesesinde malign tumor insidansı çok düşüktü (%0,24). Klinik olarak bulgu göstermeyen malignitelerin saptanabilmesi veya ksantogranulomatöz kolesistit gibi malignite kuşkusu oluşturan bulguların ekarte edilmesi için kolesistektomi spesimenlerinin rutin olarak, yeterli sayıda örneklerin histopatolojik incelemeye alınması gerektiği görüşündeyiz.
Turkish Journal of Surgery, 2016
In this report, an adult patient with tubulopapillary adenoma of the common bile duct that manife... more In this report, an adult patient with tubulopapillary adenoma of the common bile duct that manifested with jaundice is presented. Diagnostic challenges were analyzed. Although adenomas of the common bile duct are rare, they should be kept in mind in the differentiation of lesions of this region. It should be remembered that these lesions radiologically could mimic carcinoma and choledocholithiasis. Endoscopic resection should be considered as the primary method for treatment. Histopathology is the gold standard in diagnosis.
Vestnik Rossiĭskoĭ akademii meditsinskikh nauk / Rossiĭskaia akademiia meditsinskikh nauk, 2014
The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of the amount of endoscopic approaches on effe... more The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of the amount of endoscopic approaches on effectiveness of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. For the purpose of comparative evaluation of the results of surgical treatment of a three- and fourport laparoscopic approach was a retrospective analysis of case histories of 118 patients. Patients were divided into two groups: operated by using three laparoscopic approaches (60 patients) and unused optional fourth trocar (58 patients). One of the important stages of scientific research was histological morphology characteristic of the removed gallbladder, which was performed in 118 patients who underwent minimally invasive operations. For subjective assessment of the manifestations of pain syndrome used the conventional visual analog scale of pain (VAS). 60 patients underwent three-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (the main group) and 58 patients underwent four-port LC (group of comparison). In the main group 53 (88.3%) patients showed absenc...
Bratislavské lekárske listy, 2009
Acute mesenteric ischemia is an entity characterized by rapid developing of circulatory failure. ... more Acute mesenteric ischemia is an entity characterized by rapid developing of circulatory failure. Reperfusion following ischemia causes further mucosal injury. In our study, an experimental model of 15 minutes of reperfusion following 45 minutes of superior mesenteric artery occlusion was established. The segments which underwent I/R injury were histopathologically examined, and blood samples obtained from the heart were analyzed for alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase levels. The results of the study demonstrated that mucosal injury in anandamide injected group was less expressed than in other groups suggesting that anandamide might have a protective effect on the mucosa. After L-NAME and indomethacin injection, the protective effect of anandamide seems to disappear due to inhibition of NO and prostaglandins. The results of histopathological examination of specimens from CB1 receptor and anandamide injected group indicate that I/R injury has regressed. The protective effect of ...