Meisam Zargar Ph.D/DSc - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Meisam Zargar Ph.D/DSc
Occurrence and severity of angular leaf spot of cucumber in kashmir
Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, 2007
An extensive survey conducted during 2004 and 2005 revealed presence of angular leaf spot in all ... more An extensive survey conducted during 2004 and 2005 revealed presence of angular leaf spot in all cucumber growing areas of Kashmir valley with incidence and intensity ranging between 23.3 to 74.4% and 10.5 to 26.0%, respectively. Symptoms initiated as minute water-soaked spots on leaves, which turned angular, light tan in colour and necrotic later on. The spots on infected fruits were small, water-soaked and circular, which later coalesced and become sunken with whitish centres and raised margins. Tissues underlying such spots turned brown leading to rot and misshapen fruits in case of severe infection. The causal bacterium obtained from diseased leaves and seeds was identified as Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans.
Evaluation of the Effect of Chemical and Non-Chemical Weed Management Methods Toward Reducing Herbicide Application Rate in Sugar Beet
Agronomy
Interest in the use of silver as a component of plant protection products and growth regulators a... more Interest in the use of silver as a component of plant protection products and growth regulators appeared relatively recently with the development of methods for the effective stabilization of colloidal systems containing nanoparticles of this metal. In the present work, we studied the effect of foliar treatments with aqueous dispersions of silver nanoparticles stabilized by polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride with an average diameter of 6 ± 1 nm and a zeta-potential of +47.4 ± 1.3 mV on legume-Rhizobium symbiosis, which largely determines the efficiency of soil nitrogen assimilation and the yield of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). Based on the results of a two-year field experiment, it was shown that treatments with low doses of silver nanoparticles lead to a significant increase in the number of root nodules and an increase in soybean yield. The observed biological effectiveness of silver nanoparticles dispersions is explained by an increase in the enzymatic activity of perox...
Evaluation of the Effect of Chemical and Non-Chemical Weed Management Methods Toward Reducing Herbicide Application Rate in Sugar Beet
Phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by Paulownia fortunei fruit exudates and its application against Fusarium sp. causing dry rot postharvest diseases of banana
Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology
Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, Jun 30, 2014
The present study was undertaken in Kharif 2011 and 2012 at Research Farm of Regional Research st... more The present study was undertaken in Kharif 2011 and 2012 at Research Farm of Regional Research station of SKUAST-K at Wadura. The divergence of beans collection comprising 300 genotypes including 297 test germplasm accessions and three checks namely Shalimar Rajmash-1, Contender and Selection-3 was studied using factor analysis. We considered eight quantitative traits related to seed yield namely days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of pods/plant, pod length, seeds/pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield/plant. Analysis of variance revealed that there were significant differences between checks and accessions, between accessions and between checks for all the traits. It indicated presence of substantial amount of variation among the test entries. The factor analysis was based on Pearson correlation matrix and Euclidean distances. Total variance explained with the four PC's was more than 70%. Latent roots (Eigen values) are between 2.318 for the first and 0.112 for the eight. The first component explained 28.976 % of total variation, the second component explained 16.989 %, while as the third and fourth component explained 14.751 and 12.972 % respectively. Days to flowering and days to maturity were the important traits in the first two principal components. 100-seed weight was the important trait in third principal component while the pod length and seeds per pod were important traits in fourth principal component. Combined use of the three seven PC (principal components) could yield a successful selection of genotypes suitable for donors of one or more important traits in breeding.
![Research paper thumbnail of AFLP-analysis of genetic diversity in soybean [Glycine max (l.) Merr.] cultivars Russian and foreign selection](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/114085691/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Genetic diversity of 11 cultivars of soybean (Glycine max) from a VIR (N.I. Vavilov Institute of ... more Genetic diversity of 11 cultivars of soybean (Glycine max) from a VIR (N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources) collection was analyzed by the AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) technique. From 18 tested primer combinations, both of them were selected for further analysis. From these two primer combinations (E32/M60 and E32/M59), 90 DNA fragments were obtained, 39 (43%) of them were polymorphic. Unique DNA fragments were found in accessions SibNIISHoz 6, Soer-4, Determinant. The Jaccard's similarity indices varied from 0.79 (between Sonata and Ugra) to 0.94 (between Ugra and Garmoniya) with an average of 0.775. Cluster analysis placed the cultivars into the several groups but separation in groups was not related to their origin or biological characteristics, even though cultivars Nordik and Soer-4 (cultivars recommended for Central Black Earth region of Russia) clustered together on the dendrogram. The obtained high values of Jaccard genetic similarity index and low level of polymorphism and differentiation illustrated a relatively low genetic diversity in our studied cultivars, which correlated with different other studies on soybean genetic diversity with AFLP-analysis.
Reducing herbicide application in integration with biological components without compromising yie... more Reducing herbicide application in integration with biological components without compromising yields can lead to less environmental pollution, field trial was laid out to investigate the effect of biological agents in combination with reduced rates of new generation post-emergence herbicide Verdict in four levels including : 0, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 kg ha -1 to control weeds in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), experiment was studied in a randomized, complete block design with four replications in Moscow research institute of agriculture, Nemchinovka, Odintsovskiy region, Russia. Labeled-dose as 0.5 kg ha -1 + biological components was desirably effective in controlling of Viola arvensis and stelaria media population, and also dry weight of mentioned weeds were diminished by the using labeled-dose + biological agents, total weeds biomass was quite reduced by labeled dose of verdict + biological agents. Additionally, weeds population also was reduced by the applying of intermediate Verdict dose as 0.3 kg ha -1 . Treatments had not significant effect on 1000grain weight and stem per m -2 , but grain yield, gluten content, plant height and grain per spike were significantly affected by the using treatments, so that these traits increased when both doses of verdict 0.5 and 0.3 kg ha -1 + biological agent were applied.
Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Feb 7, 2020
It is exceptionally difficult to have productive farming without the use of herbicides. It has be... more It is exceptionally difficult to have productive farming without the use of herbicides. It has been found that they create difficulties in the growth and biological nitrogen fixation of some legume crops after their application. Adverse impacts may result from a direct effect of the herbicide on rhizobial growth and/or an indirect effect on plant growth. In order to study the effect of some PRE and POST herbicides on nodulation, nitrogen fixation, and growth characteristics of three chickpea cultivars, a greenhouse trial was conducted in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement and three replications. Pyridate, imazethapyr, and trifluralin were applied with the recommended rates of 1100, 100, and 720 g ai ha-1 , respectively, and also non-treated control on three chickpea cultivars (ILS482, Hashem, and Kaka). The results showed that trifluralin and pyridate herbicides had the highest and the least negative impact on growth characteristics of three examined cultivars. Pyridate showed a positive effect on vegetative characteristics but nodulation and total nitrogen contents in the shoots of chickpea cultivars decreased significantly. Results also revealed that root and shoot growth, nodulation, and nitrogen fixation diminished significantly when imazethapyr and trifluralin were applied to Hashem and ILC482 cultivars. It seems that pyridate is an appropriate herbicide for broadleaf weed control in chickpea fields.
Journal of advanced agricultural technologies, 2017
In order to evaluate the effects of chemical and non-chemical weed management in in sugar beet, a... more In order to evaluate the effects of chemical and non-chemical weed management in in sugar beet, an experiment was carried out at a research farm in Karaj. The experimental factors were arranged in split-split plot based on a complete randomized block design with four replications. Planting pattern was allotted as main-plot (single row planting with 50cm row width, single row planting with 60cm row width and twin row planting with 60cm row width), time of mechanical control as sub-plot (mechanical weed control at 4 leaves stage, 10 leaves stage and 14 leaves stage of sugar beet), and herbicides as sub-sub plot (metamitron plus combination of phenmedipham + desmedipham + ethofumesat and triflusulfuron metil plus combination of phenmedipham + desmedipham + ethofumesat). The results showed that planting pattern had proper effect on weeds biomass that best results were obtained in twin row planting 60cm. Also, mechanical control at 4 leaves stage of sugar beet had the best effect on weeds density and biomass. metamitron plus combination of phenmedipham + desmedipham + ethofumesat had also the best effect on weeds density and biomass.
Postemergence herbicide combinations for effective Littleseed Canarygrass (Phalaris minor) control in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, Oct 25, 2021
International journal of biosciences, Feb 27, 2014
Experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of biological agents combined to reduced rates ... more Experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of biological agents combined to reduced rates of new generation herbicide 'Verdict' in four levels involving: 0, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 kg ha-1 for suppressing weeds in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), study was laid out in a randomized, complete block design with four replications in Moscow research institute of agriculture, Nemchinovka, Odintsovskiy region, Russia. Herbicide rate 0.5 kg ha-1 as a labeled-dose plus biological components was desirably effective in controlling broad leaf weeds namely Viola arvensis and stelaria media, mentioned weeds also were suppressed by the using of intermediate Verdict dose as 0.3 kg ha-1 plus biological agents.
Indian journal of science and technology, Dec 30, 2016
Cutting of herbicide dosage without compromising grain yield can cause to less environmental poll... more Cutting of herbicide dosage without compromising grain yield can cause to less environmental pollution and lower production costs. Field experiments were laid out over years 2012 -2014 to appraise the efficacy of reduced rates of a new generation post-emergence herbicide verdict in combination with biocontrol agent to suppress three major weeds (Chenopodium album, Avena fatua and Capsella bursa-pastoris) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under the condition of Non-chernozem zone, Moscow region. Below labeled rate 0.3 kg/ha -1 plus bio-agents was quite effective in suppressing total weed populations. This study revealed that a favorable level of weed reduction in wheat fields was obtained when lower herbicide rate 0.3 kg/ha -1 and bio-agents were used, that was comparable to the result which achieved for registered verdict dose as 0.5 kg/ha -1 . Hence, despite the higher weed reduction efficacy was obtained with herbicide in registered label dose plus biocontrol agent, but the differences were not significant compared to below herbicide dose 0.3 kg/ha -1 . Meanwhile, the best energy output (90.3 GDj/ha -1 ), agricultural efficiency (19.9%) and wheat grain yield 7.80 t/ha -1 were achieved when reduced herbicide rate 0.3 kg/ha -1 combined to biological agent were applied.
Research on Crops, 2014
Reducing herbicide application in integration with biological components without compromising yie... more Reducing herbicide application in integration with biological components without compromising yields can lead to less environmental pollution, field trial was laid out to investigate the effect of biological agents in combination with reduced rates of new generation post-emergence herbicide Verdict in four levels including : 0, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 kg ha -1 to control weeds in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), experiment was studied in a randomized, complete block design with four replications in Moscow research institute of agriculture, Nemchinovka, Odintsovskiy region, Russia. Labeled-dose as 0.5 kg ha -1 + biological components was desirably effective in controlling of Viola arvensis and stelaria media population, and also dry weight of mentioned weeds were diminished by the using labeled-dose + biological agents, total weeds biomass was quite reduced by labeled dose of verdict + biological agents. Additionally, weeds population also was reduced by the applying of intermediate Verdict dose as 0.3 kg ha -1 . Treatments had not significant effect on 1000grain weight and stem per m -2 , but grain yield, gluten content, plant height and grain per spike were significantly affected by the using treatments, so that these traits increased when both doses of verdict 0.5 and 0.3 kg ha -1 + biological agent were applied.
Communicative & Integrative Biology, 2019
Drought and heat stress are significant factors limiting fruit crop yield in arid conditions. Fol... more Drought and heat stress are significant factors limiting fruit crop yield in arid conditions. Foliar fertilization is a common practice of supplying fruit crop production with mineral nutrients, especially under limited soil nutrient availability conditions. To evaluate potential effectiveness of the foliar application of macro-, micronutrient and growth regulators on dynamics of physiological parameters of the pear and apple cultivars under abiotic stresses, three-year experiments were carried out under arid conditions at the Russian Research Institute of Arid Agriculture during the 2015-2017 growing seasons. It has been revealed that foliar nutrition reduces the negative influence of heat stress, stabilizes the functional state of plants, thereby enhancing resistance to drought. During the most severe drought periods of vegetation, under the influence of foliar nutrition, there was a significant increase in the total water content (TWC), relative leaf turgidity (RLT) and water retention capacity (WRC); and also index of leaf water deficiency (LWD) was improved as compared to the non-treated control. All foliar treatments involving the macro-, micronutrient and growth regulators significantly enhanced fruit crop yield of pear and apple varieties over the control, yield enhancement was obtained 2.7-22.0 t ha -1 for the Talgar beauty (pear variety), 2.2-19.3 t ha -1 for the Renet Symirenko (apple variety), and 1.6-10.5 t ha -1 for the Starkrimson (apple variety). The most effective treatments for water consumption coefficient (WCC) were plantafol and speedphol. The results suggest that foliar plantafol and speedfol could be used as part of an efficient, sustainable fertilizer program for apple and pear trees for maintaining or improving fruit quality, productivity, and avoiding negative efficacy of abiotic stresses.
Effect of tillage and macronutrients application on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) under semi-arid conditions of Southern Russia
Research on Crops, Dec 15, 2022
Tillage system and macronutrients are the many emerging farming issues that are addressed in cont... more Tillage system and macronutrients are the many emerging farming issues that are addressed in contemporary cropping systems. In this regard, selection of a promising high-yielding variety of winter soft wheat was considered. The effects of basic tillage practices (Moldboard ploughing, Flat cutting ploughing and Disk ploughing) in combination with the different fertilization (Fertilizer-free, N90P50 and N180P100) were investigated on qualitative and quantitative parameters of winter wheat cultivar Grom under semi-arid environmental condition of southern Russia. The experimental design used in this experiment was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The highest winter wheat Grom yield with the value of 5.3 and 5.6 t/ha was attained for Moldboard ploughing and Flat cutting ploughing at a depth of 20-22 cm combined with application of nutrients N180P100, respectively. On the other hand, the lowest grain yield (2.78 t/ha) was achieved in fertilizer-free treatment in combination with Disk ploughing 12-14 cm depth. Moldboard ploughing plus nutrient application N180P100 had the best results on leaf area (48.2 thousand m2/ha), photosynthetic potential (million m2 × day/ha) and dry biomass (10.1 t/ha).
Agronomy Journal, Nov 1, 2019
Research Square (Research Square), Nov 19, 2021
Seed germination is the rst and the most susceptible stage in plant's growing phases, so could be... more Seed germination is the rst and the most susceptible stage in plant's growing phases, so could be considered as an index to evaluate the effect of newly developed materials like nanoparticles (NPs), providing useful information for researchers. In our experiments, germination tests have been carried out in Petri plates, containing wet lter paper and nano-primed seeds. We had biosynthesized seven nanoparticles in our previous researches, including calcinated and non-calcinated zinc oxide, zinc, magnesium oxide, silver, copper and iron nanoparticles. The effect of these biogenic nanoparticles and their counterpart metallic salts including zinc acetate, magnesium sulphate, silver nitrate, copper sulphate and iron (III) chloride was studied on two popularly grown plants, wheat and ax, in laboratory condition to obtain preliminary information for future eld experiments. Germination percentage, shoot length, root length, seedlings length, root-shoot ratio, seedling vigor index (SVI), shoot length stress tolerance index (SLSI) and root length stress tolerance index (RLSI) were calculated at 2 nd and 7 th days of the experiment. According to the results, the response of the plants to metal containing nanoparticles and metal salts mainly depend on type of the metal, plant species, concentration of the NP suspension or salt solution, condition of the exposure and the stage of growth.
Molecules, Sep 5, 2021
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), May 1, 2020
In order to introduce new chemical weed management program in maize weed control in Iran, a study... more In order to introduce new chemical weed management program in maize weed control in Iran, a study was conducted during 2014 and 2015. Experiment were carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. 15 treatments of the common maize herbicides, including nicosulfuron, foramsulforon, eradicane and 2,4-D + MCPA were applied in their recommended doses, moreover the treatments related to cycloxydim with dicamba + tritosulfuron were used with different doses and in different times along with two control treatments (weedy and weed-free). Treatments contained 75-150 g a.i. ha -1 of cycloxydim, showed similar results with the common treatments including nicosulfuron, foramsulforon, eradicane and 2,4-D + MCPA. However, treatments with high doses of cycloxydim, had a significant reduction in weed density and weed biomass. There were no significant differences between the effects of treatments on maize grain yield and biomass. Despite the acceptable weed control of the combined treatment of cycloxydim with dicamba plus tritosulfuron, maize canopy could overcome weed growth. Based on the results and by considering cycloxydim efficacy in controlling perennial grassy weeds in maize plantation, this chemical is a suitable option during different growing stages of weeds and maize. Finally, the application of 200-300 g a.i. ha -1 of cycloxydim combined with dicamba plus tritosulfuron was the best option from an economic and environmental safety points of view.
Occurrence and severity of angular leaf spot of cucumber in kashmir
Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, 2007
An extensive survey conducted during 2004 and 2005 revealed presence of angular leaf spot in all ... more An extensive survey conducted during 2004 and 2005 revealed presence of angular leaf spot in all cucumber growing areas of Kashmir valley with incidence and intensity ranging between 23.3 to 74.4% and 10.5 to 26.0%, respectively. Symptoms initiated as minute water-soaked spots on leaves, which turned angular, light tan in colour and necrotic later on. The spots on infected fruits were small, water-soaked and circular, which later coalesced and become sunken with whitish centres and raised margins. Tissues underlying such spots turned brown leading to rot and misshapen fruits in case of severe infection. The causal bacterium obtained from diseased leaves and seeds was identified as Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans.
Evaluation of the Effect of Chemical and Non-Chemical Weed Management Methods Toward Reducing Herbicide Application Rate in Sugar Beet
Agronomy
Interest in the use of silver as a component of plant protection products and growth regulators a... more Interest in the use of silver as a component of plant protection products and growth regulators appeared relatively recently with the development of methods for the effective stabilization of colloidal systems containing nanoparticles of this metal. In the present work, we studied the effect of foliar treatments with aqueous dispersions of silver nanoparticles stabilized by polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride with an average diameter of 6 ± 1 nm and a zeta-potential of +47.4 ± 1.3 mV on legume-Rhizobium symbiosis, which largely determines the efficiency of soil nitrogen assimilation and the yield of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). Based on the results of a two-year field experiment, it was shown that treatments with low doses of silver nanoparticles lead to a significant increase in the number of root nodules and an increase in soybean yield. The observed biological effectiveness of silver nanoparticles dispersions is explained by an increase in the enzymatic activity of perox...
Evaluation of the Effect of Chemical and Non-Chemical Weed Management Methods Toward Reducing Herbicide Application Rate in Sugar Beet
Phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by Paulownia fortunei fruit exudates and its application against Fusarium sp. causing dry rot postharvest diseases of banana
Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology
Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, Jun 30, 2014
The present study was undertaken in Kharif 2011 and 2012 at Research Farm of Regional Research st... more The present study was undertaken in Kharif 2011 and 2012 at Research Farm of Regional Research station of SKUAST-K at Wadura. The divergence of beans collection comprising 300 genotypes including 297 test germplasm accessions and three checks namely Shalimar Rajmash-1, Contender and Selection-3 was studied using factor analysis. We considered eight quantitative traits related to seed yield namely days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of pods/plant, pod length, seeds/pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield/plant. Analysis of variance revealed that there were significant differences between checks and accessions, between accessions and between checks for all the traits. It indicated presence of substantial amount of variation among the test entries. The factor analysis was based on Pearson correlation matrix and Euclidean distances. Total variance explained with the four PC's was more than 70%. Latent roots (Eigen values) are between 2.318 for the first and 0.112 for the eight. The first component explained 28.976 % of total variation, the second component explained 16.989 %, while as the third and fourth component explained 14.751 and 12.972 % respectively. Days to flowering and days to maturity were the important traits in the first two principal components. 100-seed weight was the important trait in third principal component while the pod length and seeds per pod were important traits in fourth principal component. Combined use of the three seven PC (principal components) could yield a successful selection of genotypes suitable for donors of one or more important traits in breeding.
Genetic diversity of 11 cultivars of soybean (Glycine max) from a VIR (N.I. Vavilov Institute of ... more Genetic diversity of 11 cultivars of soybean (Glycine max) from a VIR (N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources) collection was analyzed by the AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) technique. From 18 tested primer combinations, both of them were selected for further analysis. From these two primer combinations (E32/M60 and E32/M59), 90 DNA fragments were obtained, 39 (43%) of them were polymorphic. Unique DNA fragments were found in accessions SibNIISHoz 6, Soer-4, Determinant. The Jaccard's similarity indices varied from 0.79 (between Sonata and Ugra) to 0.94 (between Ugra and Garmoniya) with an average of 0.775. Cluster analysis placed the cultivars into the several groups but separation in groups was not related to their origin or biological characteristics, even though cultivars Nordik and Soer-4 (cultivars recommended for Central Black Earth region of Russia) clustered together on the dendrogram. The obtained high values of Jaccard genetic similarity index and low level of polymorphism and differentiation illustrated a relatively low genetic diversity in our studied cultivars, which correlated with different other studies on soybean genetic diversity with AFLP-analysis.
Reducing herbicide application in integration with biological components without compromising yie... more Reducing herbicide application in integration with biological components without compromising yields can lead to less environmental pollution, field trial was laid out to investigate the effect of biological agents in combination with reduced rates of new generation post-emergence herbicide Verdict in four levels including : 0, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 kg ha -1 to control weeds in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), experiment was studied in a randomized, complete block design with four replications in Moscow research institute of agriculture, Nemchinovka, Odintsovskiy region, Russia. Labeled-dose as 0.5 kg ha -1 + biological components was desirably effective in controlling of Viola arvensis and stelaria media population, and also dry weight of mentioned weeds were diminished by the using labeled-dose + biological agents, total weeds biomass was quite reduced by labeled dose of verdict + biological agents. Additionally, weeds population also was reduced by the applying of intermediate Verdict dose as 0.3 kg ha -1 . Treatments had not significant effect on 1000grain weight and stem per m -2 , but grain yield, gluten content, plant height and grain per spike were significantly affected by the using treatments, so that these traits increased when both doses of verdict 0.5 and 0.3 kg ha -1 + biological agent were applied.
Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Feb 7, 2020
It is exceptionally difficult to have productive farming without the use of herbicides. It has be... more It is exceptionally difficult to have productive farming without the use of herbicides. It has been found that they create difficulties in the growth and biological nitrogen fixation of some legume crops after their application. Adverse impacts may result from a direct effect of the herbicide on rhizobial growth and/or an indirect effect on plant growth. In order to study the effect of some PRE and POST herbicides on nodulation, nitrogen fixation, and growth characteristics of three chickpea cultivars, a greenhouse trial was conducted in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement and three replications. Pyridate, imazethapyr, and trifluralin were applied with the recommended rates of 1100, 100, and 720 g ai ha-1 , respectively, and also non-treated control on three chickpea cultivars (ILS482, Hashem, and Kaka). The results showed that trifluralin and pyridate herbicides had the highest and the least negative impact on growth characteristics of three examined cultivars. Pyridate showed a positive effect on vegetative characteristics but nodulation and total nitrogen contents in the shoots of chickpea cultivars decreased significantly. Results also revealed that root and shoot growth, nodulation, and nitrogen fixation diminished significantly when imazethapyr and trifluralin were applied to Hashem and ILC482 cultivars. It seems that pyridate is an appropriate herbicide for broadleaf weed control in chickpea fields.
Journal of advanced agricultural technologies, 2017
In order to evaluate the effects of chemical and non-chemical weed management in in sugar beet, a... more In order to evaluate the effects of chemical and non-chemical weed management in in sugar beet, an experiment was carried out at a research farm in Karaj. The experimental factors were arranged in split-split plot based on a complete randomized block design with four replications. Planting pattern was allotted as main-plot (single row planting with 50cm row width, single row planting with 60cm row width and twin row planting with 60cm row width), time of mechanical control as sub-plot (mechanical weed control at 4 leaves stage, 10 leaves stage and 14 leaves stage of sugar beet), and herbicides as sub-sub plot (metamitron plus combination of phenmedipham + desmedipham + ethofumesat and triflusulfuron metil plus combination of phenmedipham + desmedipham + ethofumesat). The results showed that planting pattern had proper effect on weeds biomass that best results were obtained in twin row planting 60cm. Also, mechanical control at 4 leaves stage of sugar beet had the best effect on weeds density and biomass. metamitron plus combination of phenmedipham + desmedipham + ethofumesat had also the best effect on weeds density and biomass.
Postemergence herbicide combinations for effective Littleseed Canarygrass (Phalaris minor) control in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, Oct 25, 2021
International journal of biosciences, Feb 27, 2014
Experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of biological agents combined to reduced rates ... more Experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of biological agents combined to reduced rates of new generation herbicide 'Verdict' in four levels involving: 0, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 kg ha-1 for suppressing weeds in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), study was laid out in a randomized, complete block design with four replications in Moscow research institute of agriculture, Nemchinovka, Odintsovskiy region, Russia. Herbicide rate 0.5 kg ha-1 as a labeled-dose plus biological components was desirably effective in controlling broad leaf weeds namely Viola arvensis and stelaria media, mentioned weeds also were suppressed by the using of intermediate Verdict dose as 0.3 kg ha-1 plus biological agents.
Indian journal of science and technology, Dec 30, 2016
Cutting of herbicide dosage without compromising grain yield can cause to less environmental poll... more Cutting of herbicide dosage without compromising grain yield can cause to less environmental pollution and lower production costs. Field experiments were laid out over years 2012 -2014 to appraise the efficacy of reduced rates of a new generation post-emergence herbicide verdict in combination with biocontrol agent to suppress three major weeds (Chenopodium album, Avena fatua and Capsella bursa-pastoris) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under the condition of Non-chernozem zone, Moscow region. Below labeled rate 0.3 kg/ha -1 plus bio-agents was quite effective in suppressing total weed populations. This study revealed that a favorable level of weed reduction in wheat fields was obtained when lower herbicide rate 0.3 kg/ha -1 and bio-agents were used, that was comparable to the result which achieved for registered verdict dose as 0.5 kg/ha -1 . Hence, despite the higher weed reduction efficacy was obtained with herbicide in registered label dose plus biocontrol agent, but the differences were not significant compared to below herbicide dose 0.3 kg/ha -1 . Meanwhile, the best energy output (90.3 GDj/ha -1 ), agricultural efficiency (19.9%) and wheat grain yield 7.80 t/ha -1 were achieved when reduced herbicide rate 0.3 kg/ha -1 combined to biological agent were applied.
Research on Crops, 2014
Reducing herbicide application in integration with biological components without compromising yie... more Reducing herbicide application in integration with biological components without compromising yields can lead to less environmental pollution, field trial was laid out to investigate the effect of biological agents in combination with reduced rates of new generation post-emergence herbicide Verdict in four levels including : 0, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 kg ha -1 to control weeds in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), experiment was studied in a randomized, complete block design with four replications in Moscow research institute of agriculture, Nemchinovka, Odintsovskiy region, Russia. Labeled-dose as 0.5 kg ha -1 + biological components was desirably effective in controlling of Viola arvensis and stelaria media population, and also dry weight of mentioned weeds were diminished by the using labeled-dose + biological agents, total weeds biomass was quite reduced by labeled dose of verdict + biological agents. Additionally, weeds population also was reduced by the applying of intermediate Verdict dose as 0.3 kg ha -1 . Treatments had not significant effect on 1000grain weight and stem per m -2 , but grain yield, gluten content, plant height and grain per spike were significantly affected by the using treatments, so that these traits increased when both doses of verdict 0.5 and 0.3 kg ha -1 + biological agent were applied.
Communicative & Integrative Biology, 2019
Drought and heat stress are significant factors limiting fruit crop yield in arid conditions. Fol... more Drought and heat stress are significant factors limiting fruit crop yield in arid conditions. Foliar fertilization is a common practice of supplying fruit crop production with mineral nutrients, especially under limited soil nutrient availability conditions. To evaluate potential effectiveness of the foliar application of macro-, micronutrient and growth regulators on dynamics of physiological parameters of the pear and apple cultivars under abiotic stresses, three-year experiments were carried out under arid conditions at the Russian Research Institute of Arid Agriculture during the 2015-2017 growing seasons. It has been revealed that foliar nutrition reduces the negative influence of heat stress, stabilizes the functional state of plants, thereby enhancing resistance to drought. During the most severe drought periods of vegetation, under the influence of foliar nutrition, there was a significant increase in the total water content (TWC), relative leaf turgidity (RLT) and water retention capacity (WRC); and also index of leaf water deficiency (LWD) was improved as compared to the non-treated control. All foliar treatments involving the macro-, micronutrient and growth regulators significantly enhanced fruit crop yield of pear and apple varieties over the control, yield enhancement was obtained 2.7-22.0 t ha -1 for the Talgar beauty (pear variety), 2.2-19.3 t ha -1 for the Renet Symirenko (apple variety), and 1.6-10.5 t ha -1 for the Starkrimson (apple variety). The most effective treatments for water consumption coefficient (WCC) were plantafol and speedphol. The results suggest that foliar plantafol and speedfol could be used as part of an efficient, sustainable fertilizer program for apple and pear trees for maintaining or improving fruit quality, productivity, and avoiding negative efficacy of abiotic stresses.
Effect of tillage and macronutrients application on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) under semi-arid conditions of Southern Russia
Research on Crops, Dec 15, 2022
Tillage system and macronutrients are the many emerging farming issues that are addressed in cont... more Tillage system and macronutrients are the many emerging farming issues that are addressed in contemporary cropping systems. In this regard, selection of a promising high-yielding variety of winter soft wheat was considered. The effects of basic tillage practices (Moldboard ploughing, Flat cutting ploughing and Disk ploughing) in combination with the different fertilization (Fertilizer-free, N90P50 and N180P100) were investigated on qualitative and quantitative parameters of winter wheat cultivar Grom under semi-arid environmental condition of southern Russia. The experimental design used in this experiment was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The highest winter wheat Grom yield with the value of 5.3 and 5.6 t/ha was attained for Moldboard ploughing and Flat cutting ploughing at a depth of 20-22 cm combined with application of nutrients N180P100, respectively. On the other hand, the lowest grain yield (2.78 t/ha) was achieved in fertilizer-free treatment in combination with Disk ploughing 12-14 cm depth. Moldboard ploughing plus nutrient application N180P100 had the best results on leaf area (48.2 thousand m2/ha), photosynthetic potential (million m2 × day/ha) and dry biomass (10.1 t/ha).
Agronomy Journal, Nov 1, 2019
Research Square (Research Square), Nov 19, 2021
Seed germination is the rst and the most susceptible stage in plant's growing phases, so could be... more Seed germination is the rst and the most susceptible stage in plant's growing phases, so could be considered as an index to evaluate the effect of newly developed materials like nanoparticles (NPs), providing useful information for researchers. In our experiments, germination tests have been carried out in Petri plates, containing wet lter paper and nano-primed seeds. We had biosynthesized seven nanoparticles in our previous researches, including calcinated and non-calcinated zinc oxide, zinc, magnesium oxide, silver, copper and iron nanoparticles. The effect of these biogenic nanoparticles and their counterpart metallic salts including zinc acetate, magnesium sulphate, silver nitrate, copper sulphate and iron (III) chloride was studied on two popularly grown plants, wheat and ax, in laboratory condition to obtain preliminary information for future eld experiments. Germination percentage, shoot length, root length, seedlings length, root-shoot ratio, seedling vigor index (SVI), shoot length stress tolerance index (SLSI) and root length stress tolerance index (RLSI) were calculated at 2 nd and 7 th days of the experiment. According to the results, the response of the plants to metal containing nanoparticles and metal salts mainly depend on type of the metal, plant species, concentration of the NP suspension or salt solution, condition of the exposure and the stage of growth.
Molecules, Sep 5, 2021
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), May 1, 2020
In order to introduce new chemical weed management program in maize weed control in Iran, a study... more In order to introduce new chemical weed management program in maize weed control in Iran, a study was conducted during 2014 and 2015. Experiment were carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. 15 treatments of the common maize herbicides, including nicosulfuron, foramsulforon, eradicane and 2,4-D + MCPA were applied in their recommended doses, moreover the treatments related to cycloxydim with dicamba + tritosulfuron were used with different doses and in different times along with two control treatments (weedy and weed-free). Treatments contained 75-150 g a.i. ha -1 of cycloxydim, showed similar results with the common treatments including nicosulfuron, foramsulforon, eradicane and 2,4-D + MCPA. However, treatments with high doses of cycloxydim, had a significant reduction in weed density and weed biomass. There were no significant differences between the effects of treatments on maize grain yield and biomass. Despite the acceptable weed control of the combined treatment of cycloxydim with dicamba plus tritosulfuron, maize canopy could overcome weed growth. Based on the results and by considering cycloxydim efficacy in controlling perennial grassy weeds in maize plantation, this chemical is a suitable option during different growing stages of weeds and maize. Finally, the application of 200-300 g a.i. ha -1 of cycloxydim combined with dicamba plus tritosulfuron was the best option from an economic and environmental safety points of view.