Homa Zarrinkoob - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Homa Zarrinkoob
The Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Persian Version of the Neuropsychological Vertigo Inventory
Shinavāyī/shināsī./Shinavāyī/shināsī, Jan 29, 2024
Psychometric evaluation of Persian version of Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale for elderly Persians
Auditory and Vestibular Research, Oct 4, 2015
شنواییشناسی, Sep 21, 2022
Background and Aim: Each year, millions of older people experience falling which can cause seriou... more Background and Aim: Each year, millions of older people experience falling which can cause serious injuries such as broken bones, head injuries, or even death. Since Diabetes Mellitus can disrupt the balance system and increase falling, and given that fear of falling and balance confidence are critical fall-related psychological concerns that can be the risk factors of falls in the diabetic elderly, this study aimed to compare fear of falling and balance confidence of diabetic and non-diabetic older adults in Iran. Methods: Participants were 63 diabetic older patients and 59 non-diabetic peers aged 60 years and over. Data were collected using the Persian versions of falling efficacy scale-international and activities-specific balance confidence-short form questionnaires. In addition, modified Romberg and timed up and go tests were performed to assess subjective balance performance. The scores of falling efficacy scale-international questionnaire and timed up and go test were significantly higher in diabetic group while the scores of activities-specific balance confidence-short form questionnaire were lower (p<0.001). No significant differences were observed in the modified Romberg test scores between two groups. Fear of falling and low balance confidence are more common in diabetic older adults compared to non-diabetic peers. They have poor performance in timed up and go test and have more falls during the last 12 months.
Reliability of Pesian versions of activities-specific balance confidence scale and fall efficacy scale-international questionnaires in elderly with stroke
Koomesh, Apr 10, 2019
The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine
Background and Aims Approximately 463 million people worldwide were diagnosed with diabetes in 20... more Background and Aims Approximately 463 million people worldwide were diagnosed with diabetes in 2019, most of whom had type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes increases with age; on average, 27.8% of the elderly (≥65 years of age) have this disease. Since diabetes and its complications such as peripheral diabetic neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy can cause balance impairments and also falling is a relatively common problem in the elderly that often causes fear of falling and reduces the elderly’s quality of life; considering the effect of type 2 diabetes on the balance system performance, falling and fear of falling in the elderly who themselves are prone to fall, is very important that we will discuss in this review study. Methods Literature was searched for the studies investigating the impact of type 2 diabetes on balance disorders and fear of falling in the elderly in PubMed, Research Gate, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases from among the papers pu...
Auditory and Vestibular Research, 2017
Background and Aim: Sound processors in cochlear implant (CI) cannot encode low frequency informa... more Background and Aim: Sound processors in cochlear implant (CI) cannot encode low frequency information and discard much of the temporal fine structure required to perceive fundamental frequency. Hearing aids can transmit low frequency information, which is important for pitch perception and provides many advantages for the users. This study aimed to compare aural/oral performance of bimodal cochlear implants with unilateral ones in children using parents' evaluation of aural/oral performance of children (PEACH) questionnaire. Methods: Twenty children with unilateral cochlear implant and 20 ones with bimodal cochlear implants were selected for this study. Of them, 23 had cochlear devices, 10 possessed Med-El ones, and 7 wore advanced bionics ones. Bimodal group had at least 7 months of hearing experience with digital hearing aid in non-implanted ear. In order to compare the aural/oral performance in these groups, we used the PEACH questionnaire. Results: In unilateral and bimodal ...
Reliability of Pesian versions of activities-specific balance confidence scale and fall efficacy scale-international questionnaires in elderly with stroke
Translation and cultural adaptation of the Persian version of Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living scale (VADL): a validity and reliability study
Hearing, Balance and Communication, 2021
Abstract Background Vestibular disorders can lead to functional limitations and deficits in perfo... more Abstract Background Vestibular disorders can lead to functional limitations and deficits in performing routine daily life tasks. The Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living scale (VADL) is a useful tool for impact assessment level of functional limitations in patients with vestibular disorders. Objective Translation, cultural adaptation and evaluation of the reliability and validity of VADL to Persian. Methods In this analytical–descriptive study, VADL was translated based on the native protocol of the International Quality of Life questionnaire and adapted to the conditions found in Iranian culture. Upon confirmation of face validity, this scale was performed on 90 Persian patients with vestibular disorders (aged between 25 and 85 years). After one week, 53 participants were asked to complete the questionnaire again. Finally, reliability was evaluated with both methods of internal consistency and test-retest reproducibility. Results Five items out of 28 were modified to adapt the scale to the culture of Iranians, and they were approved by the original designer of the questionnaire. Internal consistency was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.94, and repeatability was confirmed by the Interclass Correlation Coefficient of 0.97. Conclusion The Persian version of VADL was relatively equivalent to the original content and it was in compliance with the terms of Persian culture with high validity and reliability. Therefore, it may be a useful tool for the assessment of functional limitation in some patients with vestibular disorders.
Background and Aim: Balance impairment and dizziness are among the most common disorders among th... more Background and Aim: Balance impairment and dizziness are among the most common disorders among the elderly. Losing confidence in maintaining balance can sometimes be even more debilitating than actually falling down. Considering the global increase in the elderly population, it seems important to focus on their specific needs including balance and the question whether it is possible to predict the risk of falling. The ABC questionnaire is a valid and useful tool for evaluating balance confidence and fear of falling among the elderly. Recently, the questionnaire has been standardized and culturally adapted for use in Iran. Although this 16-item questionnaire has acceptable validity and reliability, completing it for clinical and research purposes among the elderly is time-consuming. Therefore, a shorter version consisting of six items was designed, which is useful for assessing fear of falling in different groups. Objective assessment of the short version showed that it is as reliabl...
Bimonthly Audiology - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Aug 15, 2014
Background and Aim: It is not known how electrocochleography components of action potentials (AP)... more Background and Aim: It is not known how electrocochleography components of action potentials (AP) and summating potentials (SP) are changed in response to CE-chirp stimulus using extratympanic electrodes. This study was done for comparing summating potentials and action potentials specifications in response to CE-chirp and click stimuli. Methods: Electrocochleography components of action potentials and summating potentials were recorded in 16 normal hearing subjects (8 men and 8 women) aged 22-30 years (mean: 26.7 with SD 2.5 years) with audiometric (250-8000 Hz) hearing thresholds of 15 dB HL or better in response to click and CE-chirp stimulus at 90 dB nHL. Amplitude, duration, latency and area of summating potentials and action potentials and SP/AP amplitude and area ratios were compared. Results: Among the measured parameters, action potentials amplitude in response to CE-chirp stimulus (0.41 with SD 0.26 µV) was significantly smaller than action potentials amplitude in response to click (0.61 with SD 0.29 µV) stimulus (p<0.005). Relative frequency of detecting summating potentials in response to CE-chirp (68.7%) was lower than (100%) click (p<0.005). Conclusion: Recording electrocochleography component of summating potentials and action potentials with CE-chirp stimulus at high intensity level in normal hearing individuals shows no advantage over click stimulus. Small amplitude of summating potentials as a major problem of extratympanic electrocochleography cannot be solved using CE-chirp stimulus.
Hearing, Balance and Communication, Oct 29, 2020
Objectives: It seems that regular physical activity leading to favourable alternations in the bod... more Objectives: It seems that regular physical activity leading to favourable alternations in the bodily system, including improved muscle mass, as well as better postural control. This study aims to assess the effect of strenuous training program on balance function in deaf adults. Methods: During a cross-sectional design, 50 deaf patients and 22 healthy adults (with no history of vertigo and hearing loss) were included. Deaf patients were also classified as "nonathletes" and "athletes" groups. The vestibular (Otolith) function testing was carried out using the cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP). Results: The mean p13 latency and p13-n23 amplitude of cVEMPs in the control group were significantly shorter, and larger than the deaf groups, respectively. Furthermore, the mean p13latency in "athletes deaf" group was significantly earlier than the "non-athletes deaf" group. The p1 and n1 oVEMP peak latencies were significantly prolonged in deaf patients than the controls. The comparison of the asymmetry ratio between the control and deaf groups was significant only for the cVEMP response. Conclusion: Our results indicated that otolithic dysfunction is a common and hidden problem in the deaf population. Strenuous sport training in adults can be considered as an effective therapeutic intervention to stimulate vestibular function in deaf patients.
Effect of a Dichotic Interaural Time Difference Program on Dichotic Listening Deficit of Children with Learning Difficulty
Journal of The American Academy of Audiology, May 1, 2021
Background Dichotic listening deficit (DLD) is a common sign in children showing learning problem... more Background Dichotic listening deficit (DLD) is a common sign in children showing learning problem and is identified during auditory processing assessment. A dichotic listening training program was developed in which the weak ear lags behind the strong ear in time and has certain practices for switching attention between the ears and auditory memory.Purpose The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of this treatment program on dichotic performance of primary school children showing DLD.Research Design A pre/post clinical trial without control study.Study Sample Twenty-five primary school children, aged 7 to 12 years (mean = 9.3 years), showing DLD.Data Collection and Analysis Several primary schools referred the children with learning difficulty to us. We defined learning difficulty as a score of 2 and lower on a five-point scale in at least two primary school courses in the current semester. The children with DLD participated in listening practices three times a week for 10 weeks, each session lasting for 30 minutes. The practices started with one pair of dichotic digits and ended in practice with sentences. The weak ear lag varied from 100 to 1,000 milliseconds. In the last stage of the practices, the precued and postcued directed response aimed at strengthening auditory memory and switching attention between the ears. The results obtained by the tests of dichotic digits, competing words, and competing sentences before and after the intervention were compared using paired t-test. Hedges's g was calculated as the effect size.Results Comparison of the results of pretraining and those of posttraining revealed that the average dominant ear (DE) and nondominant ear (NDE) scores in dichotic listening tests improved significantly with medium-to-large effect sizes. It was also found that the mean change in the NDE score of the children was significantly greater than that of the DE score for all the tests.Conclusions Dichotic interaural time difference training that employed dichotic lag phenomenon followed by directed response practices significantly improved the DE and the NDE scores of the schoolchildren with DLD.
Hearing, Balance and Communication, 2020
Objectives: It seems that regular physical activity leading to favourable alternations in the bod... more Objectives: It seems that regular physical activity leading to favourable alternations in the bodily system, including improved muscle mass, as well as better postural control. This study aims to assess the effect of strenuous training program on balance function in deaf adults. Methods: During a cross-sectional design, 50 deaf patients and 22 healthy adults (with no history of vertigo and hearing loss) were included. Deaf patients were also classified as "nonathletes" and "athletes" groups. The vestibular (Otolith) function testing was carried out using the cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP). Results: The mean p13 latency and p13-n23 amplitude of cVEMPs in the control group were significantly shorter, and larger than the deaf groups, respectively. Furthermore, the mean p13latency in "athletes deaf" group was significantly earlier than the "non-athletes deaf" group. The p1 and n1 oVEMP peak latencies were significantly prolonged in deaf patients than the controls. The comparison of the asymmetry ratio between the control and deaf groups was significant only for the cVEMP response. Conclusion: Our results indicated that otolithic dysfunction is a common and hidden problem in the deaf population. Strenuous sport training in adults can be considered as an effective therapeutic intervention to stimulate vestibular function in deaf patients.
Background and Aim: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of demyelinating lesions... more Background and Aim: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of demyelinating lesions in the brain, spinal cord and optic nerve. One of the most debilitating symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is impaired balance. Thus in people with MS, collecting information about the impact of impaired balance on life style and the disability which is being perceived by the patient is essential and its information cannot solely be achieved through any of balance and functional tests. The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of Persian version of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC-P) scale in patients with MS. Methods: A hundred and sixty two patients aged between 20 to 50 years old with MS disorder were examined. To analyze the data, Lawshe method, content validity ratio (CVR), content validity index (CVI), test-retest reliability , and internal consistency reliability were utilized. Results: Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and ...
Background and Aim: Assessment of auditory processing in children is performed via special tests ... more Background and Aim: Assessment of auditory processing in children is performed via special tests with confirmed sensitivity. For any adapted or developed test, there should be evidences to demonstrate acceptable test-retest reliability. Recently, two dichotic listening and two recognition of speech-in-noise tests of auditory processing have been developed in Persian language. The present study aimed to assess test-retest reliability of these tests in normal children. Materials and Methods: The present observational and analytic study was performed on 40 children, aged 6-12 years old, selected from two elementary schools in Tehran. Inclusion criteria were right-handedness, normal peripheral hearing sensitivity (< 20 dB HL in frequencies of 500-4000 Hz), and normal school performance. Farsi Auditory Recognition of Digits-in-Noise (FARDIN), Persian Auditory Recognition of Words-in-Noise (PARWIN), Persian Pediatric Competing Words (PPCW), and Persian Pediatric Competing Sentences (PP...
Auditory and Vestibular Research, 2017
Background and Aim: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of demyelinating lesions... more Background and Aim: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of demyelinating lesions in the brain, spinal cord and optic nerve. One of the most debilitating symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is impaired balance. Thus in people with MS, collecting information about the impact of impaired balance on life style and the disability which is being perceived by the patient is essential and its information cannot solely be achieved through any of balance and functional tests. The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of Persian version of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC-P) scale in patients with MS. Methods: A hundred and sixty two patients aged between 20 to 50 years old with MS disorder were examined. To analyze the data, Lawshe method, content validity ratio (CVR), content validity index (CVI), test-retest reliability, and internal consistency reliability were utilized. Results: Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and ...
Rehabilitation Medicine, 2014
Background and Aim: Binaural perception is an important ability in human auditory system in noisy... more Background and Aim: Binaural perception is an important ability in human auditory system in noisy evironment.The human click-evoked binaural interaction component has been known as an index of binaural perception. The purpose of this investigation was to study the stimulus polarity effect on binaural interaction of auditory brainstem response (ABR). Materials and Methods: ABR’s were recorded monaurally and binaurally in 30 normal adults (12 men & 18 women) using different stimulus polarity. In order to determine binaural interaction component (BIC) from wave V, the binaural response was subtracted from the summed monaural waves (R+L) in each polarity. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze latency & amplitude differences of BIC between the three stimulus polarities. Results: Condensation clicks produced BIC’s with longer latency compared to rarefaction clicks (p˂0.05). BIC’s amplitude increased by using condensation polarity compared to rarefaction & alternate polarities ( p˂0....
Background and Aim: In sensory neural hearing loss, the damage is not limited to the cochlear par... more Background and Aim: In sensory neural hearing loss, the damage is not limited to the cochlear part and the vestibular part is also involved. The results of sevral studies have shown that difficulty in balance abilities is more in deaf children than in their normal hearing peers. Also, deaf children have shown weaker stability in their postural control. In addition, several studies have emphasized that exercise is effective on keeping balance and partly to create a better balance for people with hearing impairment. Vestibular system is one of the three systems involved in keeping balance. Therefore, evaluating its contribution to postural control and balance and the effects of exercise on the growth of this system is essential. In the present review article, the balance state of deaf people and the impact of sports on the growth of their vestibular system are studied. Materials and Methods: To review the vestibular system function of the people with hearing impairment and the effects...
Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the vestibular e... more Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) response in clinics where only a feedback method is available for monitoring background EMG. Materials and Methods: forty healthy young subjects (mean age of 23/62 years old) participated in the investigation of the within-session reliability. They were retested again after 2 to 3 days for the between-session reliability. VEMPs were recorded in air and bone conduction procedures using 500 Hz tone bursts with durations of 4 and 7 milliseconds and use of feedback method for control of muscle contraction. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient value for air conduction was found to have fair-togood reliability and for bone conduction (4 millisecond) the correlation was found to be fair-togood. For bone conduction (7 millisecond) the correlation was found to be poor-to-good. The latency of n23 was more reliable than the latency of p13. For AC procedure...
Effect of a Dichotic Interaural Time Difference Program on Dichotic Listening Deficit of Children with Learning Difficulty
Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 2021
Background Dichotic listening deficit (DLD) is a common sign in children showing learning problem... more Background Dichotic listening deficit (DLD) is a common sign in children showing learning problem and is identified during auditory processing assessment. A dichotic listening training program was developed in which the weak ear lags behind the strong ear in time and has certain practices for switching attention between the ears and auditory memory.Purpose The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of this treatment program on dichotic performance of primary school children showing DLD.Research Design A pre/post clinical trial without control study.Study Sample Twenty-five primary school children, aged 7 to 12 years (mean = 9.3 years), showing DLD.Data Collection and Analysis Several primary schools referred the children with learning difficulty to us. We defined learning difficulty as a score of 2 and lower on a five-point scale in at least two primary school courses in the current semester. The children with DLD participated in listening practices three times a...
The Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Persian Version of the Neuropsychological Vertigo Inventory
Shinavāyī/shināsī./Shinavāyī/shināsī, Jan 29, 2024
Psychometric evaluation of Persian version of Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale for elderly Persians
Auditory and Vestibular Research, Oct 4, 2015
شنواییشناسی, Sep 21, 2022
Background and Aim: Each year, millions of older people experience falling which can cause seriou... more Background and Aim: Each year, millions of older people experience falling which can cause serious injuries such as broken bones, head injuries, or even death. Since Diabetes Mellitus can disrupt the balance system and increase falling, and given that fear of falling and balance confidence are critical fall-related psychological concerns that can be the risk factors of falls in the diabetic elderly, this study aimed to compare fear of falling and balance confidence of diabetic and non-diabetic older adults in Iran. Methods: Participants were 63 diabetic older patients and 59 non-diabetic peers aged 60 years and over. Data were collected using the Persian versions of falling efficacy scale-international and activities-specific balance confidence-short form questionnaires. In addition, modified Romberg and timed up and go tests were performed to assess subjective balance performance. The scores of falling efficacy scale-international questionnaire and timed up and go test were significantly higher in diabetic group while the scores of activities-specific balance confidence-short form questionnaire were lower (p<0.001). No significant differences were observed in the modified Romberg test scores between two groups. Fear of falling and low balance confidence are more common in diabetic older adults compared to non-diabetic peers. They have poor performance in timed up and go test and have more falls during the last 12 months.
Reliability of Pesian versions of activities-specific balance confidence scale and fall efficacy scale-international questionnaires in elderly with stroke
Koomesh, Apr 10, 2019
The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine
Background and Aims Approximately 463 million people worldwide were diagnosed with diabetes in 20... more Background and Aims Approximately 463 million people worldwide were diagnosed with diabetes in 2019, most of whom had type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes increases with age; on average, 27.8% of the elderly (≥65 years of age) have this disease. Since diabetes and its complications such as peripheral diabetic neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy can cause balance impairments and also falling is a relatively common problem in the elderly that often causes fear of falling and reduces the elderly’s quality of life; considering the effect of type 2 diabetes on the balance system performance, falling and fear of falling in the elderly who themselves are prone to fall, is very important that we will discuss in this review study. Methods Literature was searched for the studies investigating the impact of type 2 diabetes on balance disorders and fear of falling in the elderly in PubMed, Research Gate, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases from among the papers pu...
Auditory and Vestibular Research, 2017
Background and Aim: Sound processors in cochlear implant (CI) cannot encode low frequency informa... more Background and Aim: Sound processors in cochlear implant (CI) cannot encode low frequency information and discard much of the temporal fine structure required to perceive fundamental frequency. Hearing aids can transmit low frequency information, which is important for pitch perception and provides many advantages for the users. This study aimed to compare aural/oral performance of bimodal cochlear implants with unilateral ones in children using parents' evaluation of aural/oral performance of children (PEACH) questionnaire. Methods: Twenty children with unilateral cochlear implant and 20 ones with bimodal cochlear implants were selected for this study. Of them, 23 had cochlear devices, 10 possessed Med-El ones, and 7 wore advanced bionics ones. Bimodal group had at least 7 months of hearing experience with digital hearing aid in non-implanted ear. In order to compare the aural/oral performance in these groups, we used the PEACH questionnaire. Results: In unilateral and bimodal ...
Reliability of Pesian versions of activities-specific balance confidence scale and fall efficacy scale-international questionnaires in elderly with stroke
Translation and cultural adaptation of the Persian version of Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living scale (VADL): a validity and reliability study
Hearing, Balance and Communication, 2021
Abstract Background Vestibular disorders can lead to functional limitations and deficits in perfo... more Abstract Background Vestibular disorders can lead to functional limitations and deficits in performing routine daily life tasks. The Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living scale (VADL) is a useful tool for impact assessment level of functional limitations in patients with vestibular disorders. Objective Translation, cultural adaptation and evaluation of the reliability and validity of VADL to Persian. Methods In this analytical–descriptive study, VADL was translated based on the native protocol of the International Quality of Life questionnaire and adapted to the conditions found in Iranian culture. Upon confirmation of face validity, this scale was performed on 90 Persian patients with vestibular disorders (aged between 25 and 85 years). After one week, 53 participants were asked to complete the questionnaire again. Finally, reliability was evaluated with both methods of internal consistency and test-retest reproducibility. Results Five items out of 28 were modified to adapt the scale to the culture of Iranians, and they were approved by the original designer of the questionnaire. Internal consistency was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.94, and repeatability was confirmed by the Interclass Correlation Coefficient of 0.97. Conclusion The Persian version of VADL was relatively equivalent to the original content and it was in compliance with the terms of Persian culture with high validity and reliability. Therefore, it may be a useful tool for the assessment of functional limitation in some patients with vestibular disorders.
Background and Aim: Balance impairment and dizziness are among the most common disorders among th... more Background and Aim: Balance impairment and dizziness are among the most common disorders among the elderly. Losing confidence in maintaining balance can sometimes be even more debilitating than actually falling down. Considering the global increase in the elderly population, it seems important to focus on their specific needs including balance and the question whether it is possible to predict the risk of falling. The ABC questionnaire is a valid and useful tool for evaluating balance confidence and fear of falling among the elderly. Recently, the questionnaire has been standardized and culturally adapted for use in Iran. Although this 16-item questionnaire has acceptable validity and reliability, completing it for clinical and research purposes among the elderly is time-consuming. Therefore, a shorter version consisting of six items was designed, which is useful for assessing fear of falling in different groups. Objective assessment of the short version showed that it is as reliabl...
Bimonthly Audiology - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Aug 15, 2014
Background and Aim: It is not known how electrocochleography components of action potentials (AP)... more Background and Aim: It is not known how electrocochleography components of action potentials (AP) and summating potentials (SP) are changed in response to CE-chirp stimulus using extratympanic electrodes. This study was done for comparing summating potentials and action potentials specifications in response to CE-chirp and click stimuli. Methods: Electrocochleography components of action potentials and summating potentials were recorded in 16 normal hearing subjects (8 men and 8 women) aged 22-30 years (mean: 26.7 with SD 2.5 years) with audiometric (250-8000 Hz) hearing thresholds of 15 dB HL or better in response to click and CE-chirp stimulus at 90 dB nHL. Amplitude, duration, latency and area of summating potentials and action potentials and SP/AP amplitude and area ratios were compared. Results: Among the measured parameters, action potentials amplitude in response to CE-chirp stimulus (0.41 with SD 0.26 µV) was significantly smaller than action potentials amplitude in response to click (0.61 with SD 0.29 µV) stimulus (p<0.005). Relative frequency of detecting summating potentials in response to CE-chirp (68.7%) was lower than (100%) click (p<0.005). Conclusion: Recording electrocochleography component of summating potentials and action potentials with CE-chirp stimulus at high intensity level in normal hearing individuals shows no advantage over click stimulus. Small amplitude of summating potentials as a major problem of extratympanic electrocochleography cannot be solved using CE-chirp stimulus.
Hearing, Balance and Communication, Oct 29, 2020
Objectives: It seems that regular physical activity leading to favourable alternations in the bod... more Objectives: It seems that regular physical activity leading to favourable alternations in the bodily system, including improved muscle mass, as well as better postural control. This study aims to assess the effect of strenuous training program on balance function in deaf adults. Methods: During a cross-sectional design, 50 deaf patients and 22 healthy adults (with no history of vertigo and hearing loss) were included. Deaf patients were also classified as "nonathletes" and "athletes" groups. The vestibular (Otolith) function testing was carried out using the cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP). Results: The mean p13 latency and p13-n23 amplitude of cVEMPs in the control group were significantly shorter, and larger than the deaf groups, respectively. Furthermore, the mean p13latency in "athletes deaf" group was significantly earlier than the "non-athletes deaf" group. The p1 and n1 oVEMP peak latencies were significantly prolonged in deaf patients than the controls. The comparison of the asymmetry ratio between the control and deaf groups was significant only for the cVEMP response. Conclusion: Our results indicated that otolithic dysfunction is a common and hidden problem in the deaf population. Strenuous sport training in adults can be considered as an effective therapeutic intervention to stimulate vestibular function in deaf patients.
Effect of a Dichotic Interaural Time Difference Program on Dichotic Listening Deficit of Children with Learning Difficulty
Journal of The American Academy of Audiology, May 1, 2021
Background Dichotic listening deficit (DLD) is a common sign in children showing learning problem... more Background Dichotic listening deficit (DLD) is a common sign in children showing learning problem and is identified during auditory processing assessment. A dichotic listening training program was developed in which the weak ear lags behind the strong ear in time and has certain practices for switching attention between the ears and auditory memory.Purpose The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of this treatment program on dichotic performance of primary school children showing DLD.Research Design A pre/post clinical trial without control study.Study Sample Twenty-five primary school children, aged 7 to 12 years (mean = 9.3 years), showing DLD.Data Collection and Analysis Several primary schools referred the children with learning difficulty to us. We defined learning difficulty as a score of 2 and lower on a five-point scale in at least two primary school courses in the current semester. The children with DLD participated in listening practices three times a week for 10 weeks, each session lasting for 30 minutes. The practices started with one pair of dichotic digits and ended in practice with sentences. The weak ear lag varied from 100 to 1,000 milliseconds. In the last stage of the practices, the precued and postcued directed response aimed at strengthening auditory memory and switching attention between the ears. The results obtained by the tests of dichotic digits, competing words, and competing sentences before and after the intervention were compared using paired t-test. Hedges's g was calculated as the effect size.Results Comparison of the results of pretraining and those of posttraining revealed that the average dominant ear (DE) and nondominant ear (NDE) scores in dichotic listening tests improved significantly with medium-to-large effect sizes. It was also found that the mean change in the NDE score of the children was significantly greater than that of the DE score for all the tests.Conclusions Dichotic interaural time difference training that employed dichotic lag phenomenon followed by directed response practices significantly improved the DE and the NDE scores of the schoolchildren with DLD.
Hearing, Balance and Communication, 2020
Objectives: It seems that regular physical activity leading to favourable alternations in the bod... more Objectives: It seems that regular physical activity leading to favourable alternations in the bodily system, including improved muscle mass, as well as better postural control. This study aims to assess the effect of strenuous training program on balance function in deaf adults. Methods: During a cross-sectional design, 50 deaf patients and 22 healthy adults (with no history of vertigo and hearing loss) were included. Deaf patients were also classified as "nonathletes" and "athletes" groups. The vestibular (Otolith) function testing was carried out using the cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP). Results: The mean p13 latency and p13-n23 amplitude of cVEMPs in the control group were significantly shorter, and larger than the deaf groups, respectively. Furthermore, the mean p13latency in "athletes deaf" group was significantly earlier than the "non-athletes deaf" group. The p1 and n1 oVEMP peak latencies were significantly prolonged in deaf patients than the controls. The comparison of the asymmetry ratio between the control and deaf groups was significant only for the cVEMP response. Conclusion: Our results indicated that otolithic dysfunction is a common and hidden problem in the deaf population. Strenuous sport training in adults can be considered as an effective therapeutic intervention to stimulate vestibular function in deaf patients.
Background and Aim: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of demyelinating lesions... more Background and Aim: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of demyelinating lesions in the brain, spinal cord and optic nerve. One of the most debilitating symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is impaired balance. Thus in people with MS, collecting information about the impact of impaired balance on life style and the disability which is being perceived by the patient is essential and its information cannot solely be achieved through any of balance and functional tests. The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of Persian version of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC-P) scale in patients with MS. Methods: A hundred and sixty two patients aged between 20 to 50 years old with MS disorder were examined. To analyze the data, Lawshe method, content validity ratio (CVR), content validity index (CVI), test-retest reliability , and internal consistency reliability were utilized. Results: Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and ...
Background and Aim: Assessment of auditory processing in children is performed via special tests ... more Background and Aim: Assessment of auditory processing in children is performed via special tests with confirmed sensitivity. For any adapted or developed test, there should be evidences to demonstrate acceptable test-retest reliability. Recently, two dichotic listening and two recognition of speech-in-noise tests of auditory processing have been developed in Persian language. The present study aimed to assess test-retest reliability of these tests in normal children. Materials and Methods: The present observational and analytic study was performed on 40 children, aged 6-12 years old, selected from two elementary schools in Tehran. Inclusion criteria were right-handedness, normal peripheral hearing sensitivity (< 20 dB HL in frequencies of 500-4000 Hz), and normal school performance. Farsi Auditory Recognition of Digits-in-Noise (FARDIN), Persian Auditory Recognition of Words-in-Noise (PARWIN), Persian Pediatric Competing Words (PPCW), and Persian Pediatric Competing Sentences (PP...
Auditory and Vestibular Research, 2017
Background and Aim: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of demyelinating lesions... more Background and Aim: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of demyelinating lesions in the brain, spinal cord and optic nerve. One of the most debilitating symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is impaired balance. Thus in people with MS, collecting information about the impact of impaired balance on life style and the disability which is being perceived by the patient is essential and its information cannot solely be achieved through any of balance and functional tests. The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of Persian version of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC-P) scale in patients with MS. Methods: A hundred and sixty two patients aged between 20 to 50 years old with MS disorder were examined. To analyze the data, Lawshe method, content validity ratio (CVR), content validity index (CVI), test-retest reliability, and internal consistency reliability were utilized. Results: Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and ...
Rehabilitation Medicine, 2014
Background and Aim: Binaural perception is an important ability in human auditory system in noisy... more Background and Aim: Binaural perception is an important ability in human auditory system in noisy evironment.The human click-evoked binaural interaction component has been known as an index of binaural perception. The purpose of this investigation was to study the stimulus polarity effect on binaural interaction of auditory brainstem response (ABR). Materials and Methods: ABR’s were recorded monaurally and binaurally in 30 normal adults (12 men & 18 women) using different stimulus polarity. In order to determine binaural interaction component (BIC) from wave V, the binaural response was subtracted from the summed monaural waves (R+L) in each polarity. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze latency & amplitude differences of BIC between the three stimulus polarities. Results: Condensation clicks produced BIC’s with longer latency compared to rarefaction clicks (p˂0.05). BIC’s amplitude increased by using condensation polarity compared to rarefaction & alternate polarities ( p˂0....
Background and Aim: In sensory neural hearing loss, the damage is not limited to the cochlear par... more Background and Aim: In sensory neural hearing loss, the damage is not limited to the cochlear part and the vestibular part is also involved. The results of sevral studies have shown that difficulty in balance abilities is more in deaf children than in their normal hearing peers. Also, deaf children have shown weaker stability in their postural control. In addition, several studies have emphasized that exercise is effective on keeping balance and partly to create a better balance for people with hearing impairment. Vestibular system is one of the three systems involved in keeping balance. Therefore, evaluating its contribution to postural control and balance and the effects of exercise on the growth of this system is essential. In the present review article, the balance state of deaf people and the impact of sports on the growth of their vestibular system are studied. Materials and Methods: To review the vestibular system function of the people with hearing impairment and the effects...
Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the vestibular e... more Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) response in clinics where only a feedback method is available for monitoring background EMG. Materials and Methods: forty healthy young subjects (mean age of 23/62 years old) participated in the investigation of the within-session reliability. They were retested again after 2 to 3 days for the between-session reliability. VEMPs were recorded in air and bone conduction procedures using 500 Hz tone bursts with durations of 4 and 7 milliseconds and use of feedback method for control of muscle contraction. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient value for air conduction was found to have fair-togood reliability and for bone conduction (4 millisecond) the correlation was found to be fair-togood. For bone conduction (7 millisecond) the correlation was found to be poor-to-good. The latency of n23 was more reliable than the latency of p13. For AC procedure...
Effect of a Dichotic Interaural Time Difference Program on Dichotic Listening Deficit of Children with Learning Difficulty
Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 2021
Background Dichotic listening deficit (DLD) is a common sign in children showing learning problem... more Background Dichotic listening deficit (DLD) is a common sign in children showing learning problem and is identified during auditory processing assessment. A dichotic listening training program was developed in which the weak ear lags behind the strong ear in time and has certain practices for switching attention between the ears and auditory memory.Purpose The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of this treatment program on dichotic performance of primary school children showing DLD.Research Design A pre/post clinical trial without control study.Study Sample Twenty-five primary school children, aged 7 to 12 years (mean = 9.3 years), showing DLD.Data Collection and Analysis Several primary schools referred the children with learning difficulty to us. We defined learning difficulty as a score of 2 and lower on a five-point scale in at least two primary school courses in the current semester. The children with DLD participated in listening practices three times a...