Zeev Arad - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Zeev Arad

Zoologist and ecophysiologist. Professor Emeritus

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Papers by Zeev Arad

Research paper thumbnail of Experimental Biology in Conflict Resolutions: The Case of Pelicans and Cormorants in Israel

Research paper thumbnail of The acid base balance of Abdim's stork (Sphenorhynchus abdimii) during thermal panting

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Aug 1, 1975

ABSTRACT 1.1. The effect of long-term (8–10 hr) exposure to heat stress (40–45°C) on acid base ba... more ABSTRACT 1.1. The effect of long-term (8–10 hr) exposure to heat stress (40–45°C) on acid base balance of Abdim's stork (Sphenorhynchus abdimii) was investigated.2.2. Body temperature reached a maximum of 41·15°C (at 45°C Ta), as compared to about 40·0°C at 24–30°C Ta.3.3. Normal respiratory rates (10 c/min) increased to 100–112 c/min at ambients of 40, 42 and 45°C.4.4. Normal arterial pH, PCO2 and [HCO3−]were 7·564, 27·9 and 25·09, respectively. After 10 hr of intensive panting, values were 7·571, 25·5 and 23·09.5.5. These results are discussed in relation to a possible shunt mechanism, effective in preventing washout of gas-exchange surfaces in a flying bird's lungs.

Research paper thumbnail of Intraspecific variation in resistance to desiccation and climatic gradients in the distribution of the land snail <i>Xeropicta vestalis</i>

Journal of Zoology, Apr 1, 1992

Research paper thumbnail of Intraspecific variation in resistance to desiccation and climatic gradients in the distribution of the bush‐dwelling land snail <i>Trochoidea simulata</i>

Journal of Zoology, Feb 1, 1993

Research paper thumbnail of Intraspecific variation in resistance to desiccation in the land snailTheba pisana

International Journal of Biometeorology, Dec 1, 1993

Research paper thumbnail of Experimental Biology in Conflict Resolutions: The Case of Pelicans and Cormorants in Israel

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of Fruit Toxins on Intestinal and Microbial β-Glucosidase Activities of Seed-Predating and Seed-Dispersing Rodents (Acomys spp.)

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of The acid base balance of Abdim's stork (Sphenorhynchus abdimii) during thermal panting

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology - COMP BIOCHEM PHYSIOL PHYSIOL, 1975

Research paper thumbnail of M inireview~-."~ an

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of fruit syndromes between the Egyptian fruit-bat (< i> Rousettus aegyptiacus</i>) and birds in East Mediterranean habitats

Acta Oecologica, Apr 30, 1998

This study analyses the fruit syndrome of the Egyptian fruit-bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus, the only... more This study analyses the fruit syndrome of the Egyptian fruit-bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus, the only fruit-bat found in East Mediterranean habitats. Two different sets of bat-fruit syndromes were revealed. One follows the general bat-fruit syndrome and one represents a special case of bat-dispersed fruit syndrome only found in East Mediterranean habitats. The latter syndrome is characterized by dry fruits with a relatively high protein content. Fruit species that belong to this syndrome are available mostly in winter (when the fruit-bat faces a ...

Research paper thumbnail of Ontogeny of brain temperature regulation in pigeon hatchlings (Columba livia)

Physiological Zoology, 1989

Research paper thumbnail of Osmotic stimuli and NaCl-intake in the fowl; release of arginine vasotocin and prolactin

Research paper thumbnail of Intraspecific variation in resistance to desiccation in the land snail Theba pisana

Research paper thumbnail of Buoyancy resisting mechanisms applied by cormorants in submerged swimming

Research paper thumbnail of Supplemental Information Intraspecific Directed Deterrence by the Mustard Oil Bomb in a Desert Plant

Research paper thumbnail of Divergent Behavioral Strategies in Three Congeneric Rodents for Dealing with Fruit Toxins

Research paper thumbnail of Consequences of buoyancy to the maneuvering capabilities of a foot-propelled aquatic predator, the great cormorant (Phalcrocorax carbo sinensis)

Journal of Experimental Biology, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of How do cormorants counter buoyancy during submerged swimming?

Journal of Experimental Biology, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Submerged swimming of the great cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis is a variant of the burst-and-glide gait

Journal of Experimental Biology, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of Optimal descent angles for shallow-diving cormorants

Canadian Journal of Zoology, 2007

Air-breathing divers should attempt to maximize foraging efficiency under the constraint of limit... more Air-breathing divers should attempt to maximize foraging efficiency under the constraint of limited oxygen availability. For diving water birds, high buoyancy (owing to the air in the plumage) and the associated change in buoyancy with diving depth impose further constraints on the adaptation to aquatic life. Diving birds are expected to descend as fast as possible to escape the higher buoyancy near the water surface, but in practice, shallow-diving cormorants (genus Phalacrocorax Brisson, 1760) are often observed descending the water column in relatively small angles with respect to the water surface. We derive a theoretical biomechanical model for the energetics of the descent phase of a dive of foot-propelled cormorants feeding on benthic prey at shallow depth. The model shows that visually guided benthic feeders benefit energetically from diving at small descent angles when optical conditions and bottom depth allow. The model also explains the high variation in descent angles ob...

Research paper thumbnail of Experimental Biology in Conflict Resolutions: The Case of Pelicans and Cormorants in Israel

Research paper thumbnail of The acid base balance of Abdim's stork (Sphenorhynchus abdimii) during thermal panting

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Aug 1, 1975

ABSTRACT 1.1. The effect of long-term (8–10 hr) exposure to heat stress (40–45°C) on acid base ba... more ABSTRACT 1.1. The effect of long-term (8–10 hr) exposure to heat stress (40–45°C) on acid base balance of Abdim&#39;s stork (Sphenorhynchus abdimii) was investigated.2.2. Body temperature reached a maximum of 41·15°C (at 45°C Ta), as compared to about 40·0°C at 24–30°C Ta.3.3. Normal respiratory rates (10 c/min) increased to 100–112 c/min at ambients of 40, 42 and 45°C.4.4. Normal arterial pH, PCO2 and [HCO3−]were 7·564, 27·9 and 25·09, respectively. After 10 hr of intensive panting, values were 7·571, 25·5 and 23·09.5.5. These results are discussed in relation to a possible shunt mechanism, effective in preventing washout of gas-exchange surfaces in a flying bird&#39;s lungs.

Research paper thumbnail of Intraspecific variation in resistance to desiccation and climatic gradients in the distribution of the land snail <i>Xeropicta vestalis</i>

Journal of Zoology, Apr 1, 1992

Research paper thumbnail of Intraspecific variation in resistance to desiccation and climatic gradients in the distribution of the bush‐dwelling land snail <i>Trochoidea simulata</i>

Journal of Zoology, Feb 1, 1993

Research paper thumbnail of Intraspecific variation in resistance to desiccation in the land snailTheba pisana

International Journal of Biometeorology, Dec 1, 1993

Research paper thumbnail of Experimental Biology in Conflict Resolutions: The Case of Pelicans and Cormorants in Israel

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of Fruit Toxins on Intestinal and Microbial β-Glucosidase Activities of Seed-Predating and Seed-Dispersing Rodents (Acomys spp.)

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of The acid base balance of Abdim's stork (Sphenorhynchus abdimii) during thermal panting

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology - COMP BIOCHEM PHYSIOL PHYSIOL, 1975

Research paper thumbnail of M inireview~-."~ an

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of fruit syndromes between the Egyptian fruit-bat (< i> Rousettus aegyptiacus</i>) and birds in East Mediterranean habitats

Acta Oecologica, Apr 30, 1998

This study analyses the fruit syndrome of the Egyptian fruit-bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus, the only... more This study analyses the fruit syndrome of the Egyptian fruit-bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus, the only fruit-bat found in East Mediterranean habitats. Two different sets of bat-fruit syndromes were revealed. One follows the general bat-fruit syndrome and one represents a special case of bat-dispersed fruit syndrome only found in East Mediterranean habitats. The latter syndrome is characterized by dry fruits with a relatively high protein content. Fruit species that belong to this syndrome are available mostly in winter (when the fruit-bat faces a ...

Research paper thumbnail of Ontogeny of brain temperature regulation in pigeon hatchlings (Columba livia)

Physiological Zoology, 1989

Research paper thumbnail of Osmotic stimuli and NaCl-intake in the fowl; release of arginine vasotocin and prolactin

Research paper thumbnail of Intraspecific variation in resistance to desiccation in the land snail Theba pisana

Research paper thumbnail of Buoyancy resisting mechanisms applied by cormorants in submerged swimming

Research paper thumbnail of Supplemental Information Intraspecific Directed Deterrence by the Mustard Oil Bomb in a Desert Plant

Research paper thumbnail of Divergent Behavioral Strategies in Three Congeneric Rodents for Dealing with Fruit Toxins

Research paper thumbnail of Consequences of buoyancy to the maneuvering capabilities of a foot-propelled aquatic predator, the great cormorant (Phalcrocorax carbo sinensis)

Journal of Experimental Biology, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of How do cormorants counter buoyancy during submerged swimming?

Journal of Experimental Biology, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Submerged swimming of the great cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis is a variant of the burst-and-glide gait

Journal of Experimental Biology, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of Optimal descent angles for shallow-diving cormorants

Canadian Journal of Zoology, 2007

Air-breathing divers should attempt to maximize foraging efficiency under the constraint of limit... more Air-breathing divers should attempt to maximize foraging efficiency under the constraint of limited oxygen availability. For diving water birds, high buoyancy (owing to the air in the plumage) and the associated change in buoyancy with diving depth impose further constraints on the adaptation to aquatic life. Diving birds are expected to descend as fast as possible to escape the higher buoyancy near the water surface, but in practice, shallow-diving cormorants (genus Phalacrocorax Brisson, 1760) are often observed descending the water column in relatively small angles with respect to the water surface. We derive a theoretical biomechanical model for the energetics of the descent phase of a dive of foot-propelled cormorants feeding on benthic prey at shallow depth. The model shows that visually guided benthic feeders benefit energetically from diving at small descent angles when optical conditions and bottom depth allow. The model also explains the high variation in descent angles ob...

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