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Papers by Zobeida O. Eljaaly
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, Dec 1, 2021
Patients with diabetes are at higher risk of the negative consequences of hyperuricemia. The obje... more Patients with diabetes are at higher risk of the negative consequences of hyperuricemia. The objective of this study was to investigate gender and age-specific differences in the uric acid levels and to evaluate the associated risk factors among patients with diabetes. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Strategic Center for Diabetes Research from September 2019 to January 2020, among adult type-2 diabetic patients. Serum uric acid (SUA) and several other metabolic and clinical parameters were examined. Multiple regression analysis was done to identify risk factors independently associated with hyperuricemia. Results: A total of 433 patients were included in the analysis. SUA level was higher in males than females (5.82±1.65 mg/dL versus 5.29±1.54 mg/dL, p < 0.001). The prevalence of hyperuricemia was higher in females than males (28.8% versus 20.5%, p = 0.049). There was no significant difference in uric acid levels or the prevalence of hyperuricemia by age groups in the total sample or gender-stratified samples. In multivariate analysis, hyperuricemia was associated with bigger hip circumference (odds ratios [OR] were 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01-1.05), higher triglycerides (OR = 1.005, 95% CI = 1.002-1.008), and higher serum creatinine (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.21-1.49). Hip circumference, total cholesterol, highdensity lipoprotein, and serum creatinine were independent risk factors in males, while triglycerides and higher serum creatinine were independent risk factors among females. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates gender-specific differences in the uric acid levels and hyperuricemia prevalence. In males and females, hyperuricemia was associated with hip circumference, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and serum creatinine. Future large studies are needed to confirm our findings, especially in elderly females.
Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a worldwide problem which carries a consequent mental and psychologic... more Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a worldwide problem which carries a consequent mental and psychological hazards to the victims. Using a cross sectional analytic study design, a sample of parents attending primary health care (PHC) centers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (n=400) was selected randomly and they were asked to be enrolled in the study by filling a predesigned self-administered questionnaire which was adopted from a previously used valid and reliable questionnaire. The data were verified, coded and entered in SPSS ver. 20 which was used also for statistical analysis. P value <0.05 was interpreted as an indication for significance. Most of the parents (95.5%) were willing to introduce educational programs in schools about prevention of CSA, however still a considerable proportion (27.1%) afraid that these materials could expose children to know too much about sex. The great majority of the parents indicated that the talk with their children and give them advises that could protect them from CSA; however, almost one quarter of them (24.8%) disagree about providing children with audio-visual materials. Mothers, in particular issues were significantly more active in providing advises than fathers. Parents exhibited acceptable level of behavior towards CSA, still there are some issues that need to be clarified through multi-sectors intervention programs.
Background: No community is safe from child sexual abuse (CSA) even conservative ones. Objective:... more Background: No community is safe from child sexual abuse (CSA) even conservative ones. Objective: The objective of this study was to find outparental knowledge and understanding about preventing child sexual abuse in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A cross-sectional study on parents attending primary health care centers in Jeddah city were selected randomly (n=400). They were requested to fill the questionnaire. The data was entered and analyzed in IBM SPSS ver. 20. P value <0.05 was interpreted as an indication for significance. Results: The response rate was 100%, the overall mean score reflecting knowledge of parents about CSA was 5.0+1.6 out of 10.The mean score of knowledge about CSA was relatively higher among female parents (5.1+1.6) than males (4.9+1.7). Majority of parents (93.8%) knew that CSA is a common problem worldwide. Parents with higher monthly income were less afraid to introduce CSA prevention education to their children and more likely to provide them with audiovisuals materials about CSA prevention; the difference was statistically significant p<0.05. Conclusion: Most of the parents have considerable level of knowledge about child sexual abuse. The majority of participants agreed to protect their children from sexual abuse, mostly showing their willingness to educate their children in schools about prevention of CSA.
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, Dec 1, 2021
Patients with diabetes are at higher risk of the negative consequences of hyperuricemia. The obje... more Patients with diabetes are at higher risk of the negative consequences of hyperuricemia. The objective of this study was to investigate gender and age-specific differences in the uric acid levels and to evaluate the associated risk factors among patients with diabetes. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Strategic Center for Diabetes Research from September 2019 to January 2020, among adult type-2 diabetic patients. Serum uric acid (SUA) and several other metabolic and clinical parameters were examined. Multiple regression analysis was done to identify risk factors independently associated with hyperuricemia. Results: A total of 433 patients were included in the analysis. SUA level was higher in males than females (5.82±1.65 mg/dL versus 5.29±1.54 mg/dL, p < 0.001). The prevalence of hyperuricemia was higher in females than males (28.8% versus 20.5%, p = 0.049). There was no significant difference in uric acid levels or the prevalence of hyperuricemia by age groups in the total sample or gender-stratified samples. In multivariate analysis, hyperuricemia was associated with bigger hip circumference (odds ratios [OR] were 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01-1.05), higher triglycerides (OR = 1.005, 95% CI = 1.002-1.008), and higher serum creatinine (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.21-1.49). Hip circumference, total cholesterol, highdensity lipoprotein, and serum creatinine were independent risk factors in males, while triglycerides and higher serum creatinine were independent risk factors among females. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates gender-specific differences in the uric acid levels and hyperuricemia prevalence. In males and females, hyperuricemia was associated with hip circumference, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and serum creatinine. Future large studies are needed to confirm our findings, especially in elderly females.
Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a worldwide problem which carries a consequent mental and psychologic... more Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a worldwide problem which carries a consequent mental and psychological hazards to the victims. Using a cross sectional analytic study design, a sample of parents attending primary health care (PHC) centers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (n=400) was selected randomly and they were asked to be enrolled in the study by filling a predesigned self-administered questionnaire which was adopted from a previously used valid and reliable questionnaire. The data were verified, coded and entered in SPSS ver. 20 which was used also for statistical analysis. P value <0.05 was interpreted as an indication for significance. Most of the parents (95.5%) were willing to introduce educational programs in schools about prevention of CSA, however still a considerable proportion (27.1%) afraid that these materials could expose children to know too much about sex. The great majority of the parents indicated that the talk with their children and give them advises that could protect them from CSA; however, almost one quarter of them (24.8%) disagree about providing children with audio-visual materials. Mothers, in particular issues were significantly more active in providing advises than fathers. Parents exhibited acceptable level of behavior towards CSA, still there are some issues that need to be clarified through multi-sectors intervention programs.
Background: No community is safe from child sexual abuse (CSA) even conservative ones. Objective:... more Background: No community is safe from child sexual abuse (CSA) even conservative ones. Objective: The objective of this study was to find outparental knowledge and understanding about preventing child sexual abuse in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A cross-sectional study on parents attending primary health care centers in Jeddah city were selected randomly (n=400). They were requested to fill the questionnaire. The data was entered and analyzed in IBM SPSS ver. 20. P value <0.05 was interpreted as an indication for significance. Results: The response rate was 100%, the overall mean score reflecting knowledge of parents about CSA was 5.0+1.6 out of 10.The mean score of knowledge about CSA was relatively higher among female parents (5.1+1.6) than males (4.9+1.7). Majority of parents (93.8%) knew that CSA is a common problem worldwide. Parents with higher monthly income were less afraid to introduce CSA prevention education to their children and more likely to provide them with audiovisuals materials about CSA prevention; the difference was statistically significant p<0.05. Conclusion: Most of the parents have considerable level of knowledge about child sexual abuse. The majority of participants agreed to protect their children from sexual abuse, mostly showing their willingness to educate their children in schools about prevention of CSA.