Zoe Kopp - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Zoe Kopp

Research paper thumbnail of Patient-Reported Outcome Questionnaires to Screen and Measure Satisfaction, Expectations, and Goal Achievement

CRC Press eBooks, May 15, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Comprehensive Bladder Assessment Tool: Instrument Development

ics.org, Sep 13, 2016

• Most frequently reported impacts:  Waking up to urinate (n=30, 100.0%)  Embarrassment/shame (... more • Most frequently reported impacts:  Waking up to urinate (n=30, 100.0%)  Embarrassment/shame (n=24, 80.0%)  Lack of control (n=23, 76.7%)  Stress/anxiety (n=23, 76.7%)  Worry/concern (n=22, 73.3%) Figure 3. Most frequently reported impacts • The most bothersome impact was sleep deprivation (n=5, 16.7%) with an average rating of 8.9 (scale of 0-10) followed by bathroom mapping (n=4, 13.3%) with an average rating of 6.9. • Sleep was reported as the most important impact to treat (n=7, 23.3%). Figure 4. Most bothersome and most important to treat impacts

Research paper thumbnail of Comorbidities Associated with Overactive Bladder: Results From the EPIC Study

Research paper thumbnail of Assessing outcomes in OAB: What is the way of the future?

ics.org, Oct 6, 2015

Hypothesis / aims of study Over the past two decades, traditional outcome measurement of overacti... more Hypothesis / aims of study Over the past two decades, traditional outcome measurement of overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms has been based on the 'gold standard' bladder diary supplemented with various psychometrically tested patient reported outcome (PRO) measures. Although diary measures have proven useful in clinical research, challenges have been noted in their implementation: A training or self-monitoring effect in the completion of diaries and the complexity of a daily diary are good examples. Also noted is a strong correlation between diaries and various patient reported outcome measures; which may indicate that a PRO could serve as an alternative, possibly more patient-centric and comprehensive endpoint measure. In order to determine the best future measurement strategy in OAB the aim of this literature review was to assess the use of a PRO as an alternative or complementary tool to a bladder diary in clinical research and clinical practice.

Research paper thumbnail of Patient-reported outcomes in overactive bladder: Importance for determining clinical effectiveness of treatment

Urology, Aug 1, 2006

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a condition defined by its symptoms-urinary urgency with or without u... more Overactive bladder (OAB) is a condition defined by its symptoms-urinary urgency with or without urgency urinary incontinence and often with frequency and nocturia. As such, determining the efficacy of OAB treatments using objective measures, such as urodynamic testing, can be difficult. A better means of gauging treatment efficacy for symptom-based conditions is through the use of patient-reported outcomes (PROs). With PROs, clinicians can gain insight into how a treatment affects a patient's symptoms and whether improvement in symptoms has a positive effect from the patient's perspective. PROs are increasingly being included as end points in clinical trials, including those of antimuscarinic drugs for OAB. Consequently, clinicians should become familiar with the most commonly used instruments. We provide an overview of instruments used to assess symptoms, health-related quality of life, and treatment satisfaction in patients with OAB and discuss how PROs can be incorporated into clinical trial protocols.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessing the Prevalence and Bother of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Sweden: EpiLUTS

Urotoday international journal, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of LUTS on HRQL, Anxiety, Depression and Treatment Seeking

Urotoday International Journal, Jun 24, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Development of an overactive bladder assessment tool: A potential alternative to the bladder diary

European Urology Supplements, Mar 1, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Initial assessment of urinary incontinence in adult male and female patients

Triennial review of the literature related to patient reported outcome assessments for incontinence.

Research paper thumbnail of A pharmacoeconomic evaluation of amlodipine usage in patients undergoing PTCA in the US using results from the Coronary Angioplasty Amlodipine Restenosis Study (CAPARES)

The Journal of cardiovascular management : the official journal of the American College of Cardiovascular Administrators

Research paper thumbnail of Initial assessment of urinary and faecal incontinence in adult male and female patients

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (Luts) in Men: European Results from the Epic Study

European Urology Supplements, Apr 1, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Platinum Priority – Voiding Dysfunction

Background: Differences in health burden associated with urinary incontinence (UI) subtypes have ... more Background: Differences in health burden associated with urinary incontinence (UI) subtypes have been previously described, but the majority of studies are in women. Additional research is needed to examine the prevalence and burden of UI subtype including postmicturition incontinence, nocturnal enuresis, coital incontinence, and incontinence for unspecified reasons. Objective: Examine the burden of UI in men and women in Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Design, setting, and participants: Secondary analyses of the Epidemiology of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (EpiLUTS), a cross-sectional Internet survey, were performed. Participants who reported UI were categorized as (1) urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) only, (2) stress urinary incontinence (SUI) only, (3) mixed urinary incontinence (MUI), (4) UUI plus other incontinence (OI), (5) SUI plus OI, or (6) OI. Differences in health outcomes across UI groups were explored by gender using descriptive statistics and gener...

Research paper thumbnail of What are the best outcome measures when assessing treatments for LUTD?-achieving the most out of outcome evaluation: ICI-RS 2011

Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2012

A think tank was convened at the third ICI-RS meeting held in the UK, June 2011, to consider the ... more A think tank was convened at the third ICI-RS meeting held in the UK, June 2011, to consider the best outcome measures when assessing treatments for lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). Given the vast array of measures available a focus on questionnaires was decided upon, which continued to highlight a plethora of available tools. The decision was therefore taken to approach this topic from an alternative perspective and instead ask the audience of gathered experts in this field to consider, "What we need to ask as a minimum in order to capture the most fundamental parameters when evaluating new treatments for LUTD?" Discussions highlighted the need for inclusion of a global measure in all outcome evaluations in order to increase comparability between different treatment evaluations and different populations. More specific categories of evaluation identified were: treatment satisfaction, symptom quantification, health related quality of life and adverse events. Further optional components were identified for inclusion where relevant, such as health economic, goal setting and psychosocial evaluation. A "Minimum Outcome Set for Testing (MOST)" was therefore proposed by selecting a health outcome measure from each category while not being prescriptive about specific outcome measurement selection. The 'MOST' toolkit is therefore proposed to promote standardized evaluation in this field and represents a useful starting point for further consideration of this concept.

Research paper thumbnail of Goal attainment scaling in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms: development and pilot testing of the Self-Assessment Goal Achievement (SAGA) questionnaire

International Urogynecology Journal, 2011

Introduction and hypothesis The Self-Assessment Goal Achievement (SAGA) questionnaire was develop... more Introduction and hypothesis The Self-Assessment Goal Achievement (SAGA) questionnaire was developed to identify treatment goals and assess goal-achievement in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Methods This study consisted of (1) gathering information on goal setting/attainment concepts, (2) goal elicitation (n=41 patients with LUTS), (3) cognitive debriefing of draft questionnaire (n=11), and (4) pilot testing (n=104). Results SAGA consists of baseline (goal-assessment; ranking) and follow-up (goal-achievement) modules. In addition to goals most frequently mentioned, patients can list up to five open goals. Goals most commonly reported as "very important" in pilot testing included reducing urgency (72%), incontinence (65%), and nocturia (64%). Treatment goals spontaneously reported as "very important" were reducing incontinence (45%), nocturia (40%), and frequency (26%). Conclusions SAGA may be used to identify treatment goals and assess goal-achievement in patients with LUTS in the clinic and for research (with additional validation). This information may promote patient-physician interaction and help patients establish realistic treatment goals, which may in turn improve treatment adherence and outcomes.

Research paper thumbnail of PRO Questionnaires to Screen and Measure Satisfaction, Expectations, and Goal Achievement

Research paper thumbnail of PCV21: A Health-Economic Analysis of the Use of Amlodipine in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty in the U.K

fifteen-year-old adolescents, utilizing pharmacy students as instructors. METHODS: A cost-effecti... more fifteen-year-old adolescents, utilizing pharmacy students as instructors. METHODS: A cost-effectiveness study is conducted to determine the cost per student who passed the knowledge based exam on tobacco use, after attending the lecture sessions of the tobacco outreach program. The primary outcome of interest is the number of adolescents able to pass the post-test, compared to the number able to pass the pre-test. The following direct costs were collected: supplies; materials; travel; consultant fees; primary investigator salary; coordinator salary; student teacher salary and training; cost of classroom/space, and value of donated goods. Only the incremental costs and outcomes are utilized to calculate the CE ratio. No indirect costs or discounting is included in the analysis. RESULTS: A total of 132 students participated in the program during a period of one year. The average cost per student is $389.00. Pre-test and post-test are administered to seventy-eight of these students. Th...

Research paper thumbnail of Validation of the Overactive Bladder-Bladder Assessment Tool (OAB-BAT): A Potential Alternative to the Standard Bladder Diary for Monitoring OAB Outcomes

Research paper thumbnail of Development of an overactive bladder assessment tool (BAT): A potential improvement to the standard bladder diary

Neurourology and urodynamics, Jan 23, 2018

To develop a comprehensive patient-reported bladder assessment tool (BAT) for assessing overactiv... more To develop a comprehensive patient-reported bladder assessment tool (BAT) for assessing overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms, bother, impacts, and satisfaction with treatment. Subjects were consented and eligibility was confirmed by a recruiting physician; subjects were then scheduled for in-person interviews. For concept elicitation and cognitive interviews, 30 and 20 subjects, respectively, were targeted for recruitment from US sites. All interviews were conducted face-to-face, audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, anonymized, and analyzed using a qualitative data analysis software program. A draft BAT was created based on the results of the concept elicitation interviews and further revised based on cognitive interviews as well as feedback from an advisory board of clinical and patient-reported outcome (PRO) experts. Nocturia, daytime frequency, and urgency were reported by all subjects (n = 30, 100.0%), and incontinence was reported by most subjects (n = 25, 83.3%). The most freque...

Research paper thumbnail of The potential contribution of sexuality and gender awareness

Advan Contracept, 1997

To make well-informed decisions about reproductive health, individuals need information about the... more To make well-informed decisions about reproductive health, individuals need information about their body, gender and sexuality as well as the communication skills to convey their choices to their family, partners and health care providers. Gender and sexuality are at the core of each individual's identity; understanding and acceptance of these aspects of ourselves is basic to our ability to have healthy relations with self, family and sexual partners. Throughout an individual's life cycle information is needed about gender and sexuality changes according to needs of their age group. A holistic approach to reproductive health is needed, based in the community where people live, in the schools where young people study and in the community health care centers where they receive services.

Research paper thumbnail of Patient-Reported Outcome Questionnaires to Screen and Measure Satisfaction, Expectations, and Goal Achievement

CRC Press eBooks, May 15, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Comprehensive Bladder Assessment Tool: Instrument Development

ics.org, Sep 13, 2016

• Most frequently reported impacts:  Waking up to urinate (n=30, 100.0%)  Embarrassment/shame (... more • Most frequently reported impacts:  Waking up to urinate (n=30, 100.0%)  Embarrassment/shame (n=24, 80.0%)  Lack of control (n=23, 76.7%)  Stress/anxiety (n=23, 76.7%)  Worry/concern (n=22, 73.3%) Figure 3. Most frequently reported impacts • The most bothersome impact was sleep deprivation (n=5, 16.7%) with an average rating of 8.9 (scale of 0-10) followed by bathroom mapping (n=4, 13.3%) with an average rating of 6.9. • Sleep was reported as the most important impact to treat (n=7, 23.3%). Figure 4. Most bothersome and most important to treat impacts

Research paper thumbnail of Comorbidities Associated with Overactive Bladder: Results From the EPIC Study

Research paper thumbnail of Assessing outcomes in OAB: What is the way of the future?

ics.org, Oct 6, 2015

Hypothesis / aims of study Over the past two decades, traditional outcome measurement of overacti... more Hypothesis / aims of study Over the past two decades, traditional outcome measurement of overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms has been based on the 'gold standard' bladder diary supplemented with various psychometrically tested patient reported outcome (PRO) measures. Although diary measures have proven useful in clinical research, challenges have been noted in their implementation: A training or self-monitoring effect in the completion of diaries and the complexity of a daily diary are good examples. Also noted is a strong correlation between diaries and various patient reported outcome measures; which may indicate that a PRO could serve as an alternative, possibly more patient-centric and comprehensive endpoint measure. In order to determine the best future measurement strategy in OAB the aim of this literature review was to assess the use of a PRO as an alternative or complementary tool to a bladder diary in clinical research and clinical practice.

Research paper thumbnail of Patient-reported outcomes in overactive bladder: Importance for determining clinical effectiveness of treatment

Urology, Aug 1, 2006

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a condition defined by its symptoms-urinary urgency with or without u... more Overactive bladder (OAB) is a condition defined by its symptoms-urinary urgency with or without urgency urinary incontinence and often with frequency and nocturia. As such, determining the efficacy of OAB treatments using objective measures, such as urodynamic testing, can be difficult. A better means of gauging treatment efficacy for symptom-based conditions is through the use of patient-reported outcomes (PROs). With PROs, clinicians can gain insight into how a treatment affects a patient's symptoms and whether improvement in symptoms has a positive effect from the patient's perspective. PROs are increasingly being included as end points in clinical trials, including those of antimuscarinic drugs for OAB. Consequently, clinicians should become familiar with the most commonly used instruments. We provide an overview of instruments used to assess symptoms, health-related quality of life, and treatment satisfaction in patients with OAB and discuss how PROs can be incorporated into clinical trial protocols.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessing the Prevalence and Bother of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Sweden: EpiLUTS

Urotoday international journal, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of LUTS on HRQL, Anxiety, Depression and Treatment Seeking

Urotoday International Journal, Jun 24, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Development of an overactive bladder assessment tool: A potential alternative to the bladder diary

European Urology Supplements, Mar 1, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Initial assessment of urinary incontinence in adult male and female patients

Triennial review of the literature related to patient reported outcome assessments for incontinence.

Research paper thumbnail of A pharmacoeconomic evaluation of amlodipine usage in patients undergoing PTCA in the US using results from the Coronary Angioplasty Amlodipine Restenosis Study (CAPARES)

The Journal of cardiovascular management : the official journal of the American College of Cardiovascular Administrators

Research paper thumbnail of Initial assessment of urinary and faecal incontinence in adult male and female patients

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (Luts) in Men: European Results from the Epic Study

European Urology Supplements, Apr 1, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Platinum Priority – Voiding Dysfunction

Background: Differences in health burden associated with urinary incontinence (UI) subtypes have ... more Background: Differences in health burden associated with urinary incontinence (UI) subtypes have been previously described, but the majority of studies are in women. Additional research is needed to examine the prevalence and burden of UI subtype including postmicturition incontinence, nocturnal enuresis, coital incontinence, and incontinence for unspecified reasons. Objective: Examine the burden of UI in men and women in Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Design, setting, and participants: Secondary analyses of the Epidemiology of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (EpiLUTS), a cross-sectional Internet survey, were performed. Participants who reported UI were categorized as (1) urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) only, (2) stress urinary incontinence (SUI) only, (3) mixed urinary incontinence (MUI), (4) UUI plus other incontinence (OI), (5) SUI plus OI, or (6) OI. Differences in health outcomes across UI groups were explored by gender using descriptive statistics and gener...

Research paper thumbnail of What are the best outcome measures when assessing treatments for LUTD?-achieving the most out of outcome evaluation: ICI-RS 2011

Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2012

A think tank was convened at the third ICI-RS meeting held in the UK, June 2011, to consider the ... more A think tank was convened at the third ICI-RS meeting held in the UK, June 2011, to consider the best outcome measures when assessing treatments for lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). Given the vast array of measures available a focus on questionnaires was decided upon, which continued to highlight a plethora of available tools. The decision was therefore taken to approach this topic from an alternative perspective and instead ask the audience of gathered experts in this field to consider, "What we need to ask as a minimum in order to capture the most fundamental parameters when evaluating new treatments for LUTD?" Discussions highlighted the need for inclusion of a global measure in all outcome evaluations in order to increase comparability between different treatment evaluations and different populations. More specific categories of evaluation identified were: treatment satisfaction, symptom quantification, health related quality of life and adverse events. Further optional components were identified for inclusion where relevant, such as health economic, goal setting and psychosocial evaluation. A "Minimum Outcome Set for Testing (MOST)" was therefore proposed by selecting a health outcome measure from each category while not being prescriptive about specific outcome measurement selection. The 'MOST' toolkit is therefore proposed to promote standardized evaluation in this field and represents a useful starting point for further consideration of this concept.

Research paper thumbnail of Goal attainment scaling in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms: development and pilot testing of the Self-Assessment Goal Achievement (SAGA) questionnaire

International Urogynecology Journal, 2011

Introduction and hypothesis The Self-Assessment Goal Achievement (SAGA) questionnaire was develop... more Introduction and hypothesis The Self-Assessment Goal Achievement (SAGA) questionnaire was developed to identify treatment goals and assess goal-achievement in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Methods This study consisted of (1) gathering information on goal setting/attainment concepts, (2) goal elicitation (n=41 patients with LUTS), (3) cognitive debriefing of draft questionnaire (n=11), and (4) pilot testing (n=104). Results SAGA consists of baseline (goal-assessment; ranking) and follow-up (goal-achievement) modules. In addition to goals most frequently mentioned, patients can list up to five open goals. Goals most commonly reported as "very important" in pilot testing included reducing urgency (72%), incontinence (65%), and nocturia (64%). Treatment goals spontaneously reported as "very important" were reducing incontinence (45%), nocturia (40%), and frequency (26%). Conclusions SAGA may be used to identify treatment goals and assess goal-achievement in patients with LUTS in the clinic and for research (with additional validation). This information may promote patient-physician interaction and help patients establish realistic treatment goals, which may in turn improve treatment adherence and outcomes.

Research paper thumbnail of PRO Questionnaires to Screen and Measure Satisfaction, Expectations, and Goal Achievement

Research paper thumbnail of PCV21: A Health-Economic Analysis of the Use of Amlodipine in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty in the U.K

fifteen-year-old adolescents, utilizing pharmacy students as instructors. METHODS: A cost-effecti... more fifteen-year-old adolescents, utilizing pharmacy students as instructors. METHODS: A cost-effectiveness study is conducted to determine the cost per student who passed the knowledge based exam on tobacco use, after attending the lecture sessions of the tobacco outreach program. The primary outcome of interest is the number of adolescents able to pass the post-test, compared to the number able to pass the pre-test. The following direct costs were collected: supplies; materials; travel; consultant fees; primary investigator salary; coordinator salary; student teacher salary and training; cost of classroom/space, and value of donated goods. Only the incremental costs and outcomes are utilized to calculate the CE ratio. No indirect costs or discounting is included in the analysis. RESULTS: A total of 132 students participated in the program during a period of one year. The average cost per student is $389.00. Pre-test and post-test are administered to seventy-eight of these students. Th...

Research paper thumbnail of Validation of the Overactive Bladder-Bladder Assessment Tool (OAB-BAT): A Potential Alternative to the Standard Bladder Diary for Monitoring OAB Outcomes

Research paper thumbnail of Development of an overactive bladder assessment tool (BAT): A potential improvement to the standard bladder diary

Neurourology and urodynamics, Jan 23, 2018

To develop a comprehensive patient-reported bladder assessment tool (BAT) for assessing overactiv... more To develop a comprehensive patient-reported bladder assessment tool (BAT) for assessing overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms, bother, impacts, and satisfaction with treatment. Subjects were consented and eligibility was confirmed by a recruiting physician; subjects were then scheduled for in-person interviews. For concept elicitation and cognitive interviews, 30 and 20 subjects, respectively, were targeted for recruitment from US sites. All interviews were conducted face-to-face, audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, anonymized, and analyzed using a qualitative data analysis software program. A draft BAT was created based on the results of the concept elicitation interviews and further revised based on cognitive interviews as well as feedback from an advisory board of clinical and patient-reported outcome (PRO) experts. Nocturia, daytime frequency, and urgency were reported by all subjects (n = 30, 100.0%), and incontinence was reported by most subjects (n = 25, 83.3%). The most freque...

Research paper thumbnail of The potential contribution of sexuality and gender awareness

Advan Contracept, 1997

To make well-informed decisions about reproductive health, individuals need information about the... more To make well-informed decisions about reproductive health, individuals need information about their body, gender and sexuality as well as the communication skills to convey their choices to their family, partners and health care providers. Gender and sexuality are at the core of each individual's identity; understanding and acceptance of these aspects of ourselves is basic to our ability to have healthy relations with self, family and sexual partners. Throughout an individual's life cycle information is needed about gender and sexuality changes according to needs of their age group. A holistic approach to reproductive health is needed, based in the community where people live, in the schools where young people study and in the community health care centers where they receive services.