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Papers by abdelhamid hamad
المجلة الليبية العالمية, 2017
مجلة العلوم والدراسات الإنسانية, 2017
المجلة الليبية العالمية, 2017
Journal of Applied Sciences, Nov 1, 2008
مجلة المختار للعلوم, Jun 30, 2017
The effect of two cytokinins, 6-benzyleaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (KN) and two auxins, naphtha... more The effect of two cytokinins, 6-benzyleaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (KN) and two auxins, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) each applied at 10 concentrations with an increment of 0.5 mg/l in the in vitro shoot formation of Moris pineapple was evaluated in static liquid MS medium. The highest shoot formation (9 shoots per explant) was obtained in medium enriched with NAA but at high concentration (4.5 mg/l). The second best was 8 shoots per explant obtained in medium enriched with BAP at 2.0 mg/l. Out of 10 concentrations, NAA was better than BAP at the highest 5 and less at lowest 5 concentrations and at all concentrations both hormones resulted in production of more shoots per explant than hormone free medium. Except at two concentrations, NAA and BAP were better than KN. Either one of these three hormones, BAP, NAA, KN could be claimed, depending on the tested range of concentrations, better than the others for in vitro shoot formation of Moris pineapple. All of the IAA concentrations, on the other hand, failed to produce more shoots than hormone free medium. But, the longest shoot (56 mm) obtained in medium enriched with IAA at 2.5 mg/l and the shortest shoots (6 mm) on medium enriched with KN at 4.0 mg/l. Seven of the IAA concentrations resulted in shoots longer than hormone free medium (27 mm) while the shoots length on the BAP, NAA and KN contained media was two times shorter than hormone free medium. BAP at 2.0 mg/l was the best treatment for multiplication and IAA at 2.5 mg/l was the best for elongation of Moris pineapple.
مجلة المختار للعلوم, Dec 31, 2019
The effect of 6 sucrose concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 g/l) over 4 incubation periods (30,... more The effect of 6 sucrose concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 g/l) over 4 incubation periods (30, 45, 60, 75 days) on in vitro rooting of Moris pineapple cultured in liquid half strength MS medium enriched with IBA at 2.0 mg/l was investigated. At all incubation periods, all shoots in medium enriched with sucrose at 5 g/l failed to root, and no roots formed within the first 30 days in medium enriched with sucrose at 10 g/l. After 30 days of incubation, the highest rooting percentage (66 %), tallest plantlets (23 mm tall), highest (3.4 roots) and longest (5.3 mm) root per shoot were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 25, 10, 15, 15 g/l respectively, while after 45 days, the highest of all rooting aspects (75 %, 32.3 mm tall, 3.7 roots, 7 mm long), were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 15 g/l. After 60 days, the highest rooting percentage (91.7 %) and tallest plantlets (36.7 mm tall) were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 20 g/l while highest roots per shoot (3.7 roots) and longest root (10.7 mm) were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 15 g/l. After 75 days, all shoots rooted (100 %) in medium enriched with sucrose at 10 and 20 g/l, while sucrose at 25 g/l resulted in tallest plantlets (46.3 mm tall) and at 20 g/l resulted in highest (4.7 roots) and longest roots (27.3 mm). At each incubation period, there was a different optimum sucrose enrichment for different rooting parameters.
مجلة المختار للعلوم, Jun 30, 2021
The effect of medium states (liquid, semi solid, solid), pH (5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5) and sucrose conc... more The effect of medium states (liquid, semi solid, solid), pH (5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5) and sucrose concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40 g/l) on in vitro rooting of pineapple cultured in full strength MS enriched with IBA at 0.5 mg/l were investigated. According to average overall sucrose concentrations, overall pH adjustments, and at each combination of equal sucrose and pH, liquid medium was always super than solid and semisolid. The tallest plantlets (66 to 71 mm) obtained in liquid medium enriched with sucrose at 10 and 20 g/l both adjusted to pH 6.0; sucrose at 20 g/l and adjusted to pH 6.5 and sucrose at 30 g/l and adjusted to pH 5.0. All of the above combinations except sucrose at 20 and pH 6.0 resulted in 100% rooting. Sucrose at 30 g/l and pH 5.0 resulted in two times more (11 roots per shoot) and three times longer roots (39 mm) than the other treatments (5 roots each about 14 mm long). Each rooting parameter had different optimum combinations of medium state, sucrose and pH adjustment. For any parameter, proper pH adjustment could reduce the optimal sucrose enrichment from 30 to 20 and even to 10 g/l. Hence, pH adjustment is suggested as an important approach for reduction of in vitro rooting medium cost.
مجلة العلوم والدراسات الإنسانية, 2016
مجلة المختار للعلوم, Jun 30, 2017
The effect of medium states (solid, semi solid and liquid) of full strength MS medium enriched wi... more The effect of medium states (solid, semi solid and liquid) of full strength MS medium enriched with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 2.0 mg/l on in vitro shoots formation and shoot length of Moris pineapple were tested at 16 combinations of sucrose (10, 20, 30 and 40 g/l) and pH (5.0, 5.7, 6.0 and 6.5). The highest shoot formations (7 shoots/ explant) were obtained in liquid and solid media each adjusted to pH 5.0 but enriched with different sucrose concentrations, sucrose at 20 g/l for liquid and at 30 g/l for solid medium. Increasing the medium sucrose to 40 g/l or adjusting the medium to pH 6.0 caused 50 % decline in the shoot formation capacity in both medium states. However, while that decline could be reversed in liquid medium by adjusting the pH to 6.5, such pH adjustment failed to overcome the inhibitory effect of the sucrose at 40 g/l in the solid medium. Out of 16 combinations of sucrose and pH, liquid medium (no agar added) was better than solid (7.0 grams of agar /l) and semi solid (3.5 grams of agar /l) at 8 combinations, equal to solid at 4 and to semi solid at 5 combinations and less than solid at 3 and than semi solid at 2 combinations. Adopting of the commonly used combination of sucrose at 30 g/l and pH 5.7 not only did not fit all medium states but also resulted in lower shoot formation (4 shoots) than the possibly obtainable (7 shoots). Simple modification of the medium pH (pH 5.0 instead of 5.7) doubled the rate of shoot formation.
Scientia Horticulturae, Aug 1, 2008
ABSTRACT
مجلة المختار للعلوم, Sep 30, 2018
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of combinations of four incubation periods (30... more This study was conducted to investigate the effect of combinations of four incubation periods (30, 45, 60 and 75 days), three explants density (one, two and three) and four volumes of medium (3, 6, 9 and 12 ml) in the in vitro shoot formation per explant, total shoots and total cost per liter of medium and cost per shoot of Moris pineapple. The highest shoot per explant was obtained in combination of three explants in 12 ml of medium incubated for 60 days, three explants in 9 and in 12 ml of medium and one explant in 3 and in 9 ml of medium incubated for 75 days but at different total shoots (2750, 3667, 2750, 3667 and 1222 shoots), total cost (USA 25.85,36.09,28.39,95.32and36.06)perliterofmedium.Combinationsinwhichthreeexplantswereusedpercultureresultedinlowestcostpershoot(1.0cent)whilecombinationinwhichoneexplantwasusedperculture,thecostpershootwastwotothreetimeshigher(2.6and2.9cents).Combinationofthreeexplants,3mlofmediumand75daysofincubation,ontheotherhand,resultedinformationofonly6shootsperexplant(almosthalfofthehighestobtainedrate)butinhighesttotalshootperliterofmedium(6000shoots)athighesttotalcost(USA25.85, 36.09, 28.39, 95.32 and 36.06) per liter of medium. Combinations in which three explants were used per culture resulted in lowest cost per shoot (1.0 cent) while combination in which one explant was used per culture, the cost per shoot was two to three times higher (2.6 and 2.9 cents). Combination of three explants, 3 ml of medium and 75 days of incubation, on the other hand, resulted in formation of only 6 shoots per explant (almost half of the highest obtained rate) but in highest total shoot per liter of medium (6000 shoots) at highest total cost (USA 25.85,36.09,28.39,95.32and36.06)perliterofmedium.Combinationsinwhichthreeexplantswereusedpercultureresultedinlowestcostpershoot(1.0cent)whilecombinationinwhichoneexplantwasusedperculture,thecostpershootwastwotothreetimeshigher(2.6and2.9cents).Combinationofthreeexplants,3mlofmediumand75daysofincubation,ontheotherhand,resultedinformationofonly6shootsperexplant(almosthalfofthehighestobtainedrate)butinhighesttotalshootperliterofmedium(6000shoots)athighesttotalcost(USA95.32) and intermediate cost per shoot (1.6 cents). Combination of three explants, 6 ml of medium and 75 days resulted in formation of 10 shoots per explant, production of 5000 shoots per liter of medium at lowest cost per shoot (1.0 cent) and intermediate total cost per liter of medium (USA $ 50.68). Using of one explant in 12 ml for 30 days resulted in formation of 5 shoots per explant, highest cost per shoot (5.0 cents) and lowest total shoots (417 shoots) and lowest total cost (USA $ 20.73) per liter of medium.
Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences
The effect of medium states (solid, semi solid and liquid) of full strength MS medium enriched wi... more The effect of medium states (solid, semi solid and liquid) of full strength MS medium enriched with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 2.0 mg/l on in vitro shoots formation and shoot length of Moris pineapple were tested at 16 combinations of sucrose (10, 20, 30 and 40 g/l) and pH (5.0, 5.7, 6.0 and 6.5). The highest shoot formations (7 shoots/ explant) were obtained in liquid and solid media each adjusted to pH 5.0 but enriched with different sucrose concentrations, sucrose at 20 g/l for liquid and at 30 g/l for solid medium. Increasing the medium sucrose to 40 g/l or adjusting the medium to pH 6.0 caused 50 % decline in the shoot formation capacity in both medium states. However, while that decline could be reversed in liquid medium by adjusting the pH to 6.5, such pH adjustment failed to overcome the inhibitory effect of the sucrose at 40 g/l in the solid medium. Out of 16 combinations of sucrose and pH, liquid medium (no agar added) was better than solid (7.0 grams of agar /l) and se...
Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences
The effect of explants length (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 mm long shoots) and density (one, two, three, fo... more The effect of explants length (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 mm long shoots) and density (one, two, three, four, five shoots per culture) on the in vitro shoot formation of Moris pineapple were assessed using average shoot formation per explant and total shoots and the frequency of shoots of different shoot length (£ 5; 6-10; 11-15; 16-20; 21-25 and ³ 26 mm long) per one liter of medium. Of all combinations of explants length and density, using of 25 mm long shoots at a density of one per culture resulted in highest shoot formation (8.3 shoots), and at density of three and four resulted in longest shoots (21.7 mm). The highest total shoots per one liter of medium (2800 shoots) obtained when 15 mm long explants were used at a density of four explants per culture. Using of 10 mm long shoots at a density of two per culture resulted in lowest shoot formation (2.7 shoots) and shortest shoots (5 mm long) per explant and lowest total shoots (233 shoots) per liter of medium. Overall explants density, t...
Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences
The effect of two cytokinins, 6-benzyleaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (KN) and two auxins, naphtha... more The effect of two cytokinins, 6-benzyleaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (KN) and two auxins, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) each applied at 10 concentrations with an increment of 0.5 mg/l in the in vitro shoot formation of Moris pineapple was evaluated in static liquid MS medium. The highest shoot formation (9 shoots per explant) was obtained in medium enriched with NAA but at high concentration (4.5 mg/l). The second best was 8 shoots per explant obtained in medium enriched with BAP at 2.0 mg/l. Out of 10 concentrations, NAA was better than BAP at the highest 5 and less at lowest 5 concentrations and at all concentrations both hormones resulted in production of more shoots per explant than hormone free medium. Except at two concentrations, NAA and BAP were better than KN. Either one of these three hormones, BAP, NAA, KN could be claimed, depending on the tested range of concentrations, better than the others for in vitro shoot formation of Moris pineapple. ...
Libyan Journal of Basic Sciences, 2021
Pineapple explants of different length (5, 10, 15, and 20 mm long) were cultured at different den... more Pineapple explants of different length (5, 10, 15, and 20 mm long) were cultured at different densities (one, two, three, four, and five explants per culture) on full strength, agar solidified MS medium supplemented with sucrose at 30 g/l and IBA at 2.0 mg/l for 60 days. The rooting ability (rooting %, root number, and length) of the explants were not affected by the explants' length and explants' densities per culture. Irrespective of length and densities, 82 % of the explants rooted and produced 4.1 roots each 17.7 mm long. Moreover, overall explants lengths, plantlet height was not affected by explants density and were about 50.5 mm tall. On contrary, overall density, explant of different lengths developed into plantlets of significantly different height. Plantlets' height increased from 39.2 to 49.6; 55.9 and 57.4 mm as the explants length increased from 5 to 10; 15 and 20 mm respectively. Keywords: Pineapple; Ananas comosus; Explants length; Explants density
AL-MUKHTAR JOURNAL OF SCIENCES, 2021
The effect of medium states (liquid, semi solid, solid), pH (5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5) and sucrose conc... more The effect of medium states (liquid, semi solid, solid), pH (5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5) and sucrose concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40 g/l) on in vitro rooting of pineapple cultured in full strength MS enriched with IBA at 0.5 mg/l were investigated. According to average overall sucrose concentrations, overall pH adjustments, and at each combination of equal sucrose and pH, liquid medium was always super than solid and semisolid. The tallest plantlets (66 to 71 mm) obtained in liquid medium enriched with sucrose at 10 and 20 g/l both adjusted to pH 6.0; sucrose at 20 g/l and adjusted to pH 6.5 and sucrose at 30 g/l and adjusted to pH 5.0. All of the above combinations except sucrose at 20 and pH 6.0 resulted in 100% rooting. Sucrose at 30 g/l and pH 5.0 resulted in two times more (11 roots per shoot) and three times longer roots (39 mm) than the other treatments (5 roots each about 14 mm long). Each rooting parameter had different optimum combinations of medium state, sucrose and pH adjustmen...
A total of 25 experiments were conducted to test the effect of several factors such as hormone ty... more A total of 25 experiments were conducted to test the effect of several factors such as hormone types and concentrations, incubation periods, subcultures, medium states, sucrose, pH, explants size, explants density and medium volume per culture and medium strength on the shoot formation per explant, total shoots, total cost and cost per shoot of Smooth cayenne and Moris pineapple at each and over 4 consecutive subcultures. Rooting responses and plantlets quality of both cultivars were tested in different hormones, media strength, shoots age, sucrose content and incubation periods. Survival during acclimatization was evaluated in relation to rooting treatments, plantlet quality, substrate types and mixing ratio under polyethylene enclosure. Two protocols of low cost and simplicity were developed for commercial propagation of Smooth cayenne and Moris pineapple. The procedure involved aseptic culture of shoot tips explants excised from crown of Smooth cayenne and shoots of field grown M...
Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences
The effect of 6 sucrose concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 g/l) over 4 incubation periods (30,... more The effect of 6 sucrose concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 g/l) over 4 incubation periods (30, 45, 60, 75 days) on in vitro rooting of Moris pineapple cultured in liquid half strength MS medium enriched with IBA at 2.0 mg/l was investigated. At all incubation periods, all shoots in medium enriched with sucrose at 5 g/l failed to root, and no roots formed within the first 30 days in medium enriched with sucrose at 10 g/l. After 30 days of incubation, the highest rooting percentage (66 %), tallest plantlets (23 mm tall), highest (3.4 roots) and longest (5.3 mm) root per shoot were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 25, 10, 15, 15 g/l respectively, while after 45 days, the highest of all rooting aspects (75 %, 32.3 mm tall, 3.7 roots, 7 mm long), were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 15 g/l. After 60 days, the highest rooting percentage (91.7 %) and tallest plantlets (36.7 mm tall) were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 20 g/l while highest roots per sh...
Asian Journal of Plant Sciences
المجلة الليبية العالمية, 2017
مجلة العلوم والدراسات الإنسانية, 2017
المجلة الليبية العالمية, 2017
Journal of Applied Sciences, Nov 1, 2008
مجلة المختار للعلوم, Jun 30, 2017
The effect of two cytokinins, 6-benzyleaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (KN) and two auxins, naphtha... more The effect of two cytokinins, 6-benzyleaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (KN) and two auxins, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) each applied at 10 concentrations with an increment of 0.5 mg/l in the in vitro shoot formation of Moris pineapple was evaluated in static liquid MS medium. The highest shoot formation (9 shoots per explant) was obtained in medium enriched with NAA but at high concentration (4.5 mg/l). The second best was 8 shoots per explant obtained in medium enriched with BAP at 2.0 mg/l. Out of 10 concentrations, NAA was better than BAP at the highest 5 and less at lowest 5 concentrations and at all concentrations both hormones resulted in production of more shoots per explant than hormone free medium. Except at two concentrations, NAA and BAP were better than KN. Either one of these three hormones, BAP, NAA, KN could be claimed, depending on the tested range of concentrations, better than the others for in vitro shoot formation of Moris pineapple. All of the IAA concentrations, on the other hand, failed to produce more shoots than hormone free medium. But, the longest shoot (56 mm) obtained in medium enriched with IAA at 2.5 mg/l and the shortest shoots (6 mm) on medium enriched with KN at 4.0 mg/l. Seven of the IAA concentrations resulted in shoots longer than hormone free medium (27 mm) while the shoots length on the BAP, NAA and KN contained media was two times shorter than hormone free medium. BAP at 2.0 mg/l was the best treatment for multiplication and IAA at 2.5 mg/l was the best for elongation of Moris pineapple.
مجلة المختار للعلوم, Dec 31, 2019
The effect of 6 sucrose concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 g/l) over 4 incubation periods (30,... more The effect of 6 sucrose concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 g/l) over 4 incubation periods (30, 45, 60, 75 days) on in vitro rooting of Moris pineapple cultured in liquid half strength MS medium enriched with IBA at 2.0 mg/l was investigated. At all incubation periods, all shoots in medium enriched with sucrose at 5 g/l failed to root, and no roots formed within the first 30 days in medium enriched with sucrose at 10 g/l. After 30 days of incubation, the highest rooting percentage (66 %), tallest plantlets (23 mm tall), highest (3.4 roots) and longest (5.3 mm) root per shoot were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 25, 10, 15, 15 g/l respectively, while after 45 days, the highest of all rooting aspects (75 %, 32.3 mm tall, 3.7 roots, 7 mm long), were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 15 g/l. After 60 days, the highest rooting percentage (91.7 %) and tallest plantlets (36.7 mm tall) were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 20 g/l while highest roots per shoot (3.7 roots) and longest root (10.7 mm) were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 15 g/l. After 75 days, all shoots rooted (100 %) in medium enriched with sucrose at 10 and 20 g/l, while sucrose at 25 g/l resulted in tallest plantlets (46.3 mm tall) and at 20 g/l resulted in highest (4.7 roots) and longest roots (27.3 mm). At each incubation period, there was a different optimum sucrose enrichment for different rooting parameters.
مجلة المختار للعلوم, Jun 30, 2021
The effect of medium states (liquid, semi solid, solid), pH (5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5) and sucrose conc... more The effect of medium states (liquid, semi solid, solid), pH (5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5) and sucrose concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40 g/l) on in vitro rooting of pineapple cultured in full strength MS enriched with IBA at 0.5 mg/l were investigated. According to average overall sucrose concentrations, overall pH adjustments, and at each combination of equal sucrose and pH, liquid medium was always super than solid and semisolid. The tallest plantlets (66 to 71 mm) obtained in liquid medium enriched with sucrose at 10 and 20 g/l both adjusted to pH 6.0; sucrose at 20 g/l and adjusted to pH 6.5 and sucrose at 30 g/l and adjusted to pH 5.0. All of the above combinations except sucrose at 20 and pH 6.0 resulted in 100% rooting. Sucrose at 30 g/l and pH 5.0 resulted in two times more (11 roots per shoot) and three times longer roots (39 mm) than the other treatments (5 roots each about 14 mm long). Each rooting parameter had different optimum combinations of medium state, sucrose and pH adjustment. For any parameter, proper pH adjustment could reduce the optimal sucrose enrichment from 30 to 20 and even to 10 g/l. Hence, pH adjustment is suggested as an important approach for reduction of in vitro rooting medium cost.
مجلة العلوم والدراسات الإنسانية, 2016
مجلة المختار للعلوم, Jun 30, 2017
The effect of medium states (solid, semi solid and liquid) of full strength MS medium enriched wi... more The effect of medium states (solid, semi solid and liquid) of full strength MS medium enriched with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 2.0 mg/l on in vitro shoots formation and shoot length of Moris pineapple were tested at 16 combinations of sucrose (10, 20, 30 and 40 g/l) and pH (5.0, 5.7, 6.0 and 6.5). The highest shoot formations (7 shoots/ explant) were obtained in liquid and solid media each adjusted to pH 5.0 but enriched with different sucrose concentrations, sucrose at 20 g/l for liquid and at 30 g/l for solid medium. Increasing the medium sucrose to 40 g/l or adjusting the medium to pH 6.0 caused 50 % decline in the shoot formation capacity in both medium states. However, while that decline could be reversed in liquid medium by adjusting the pH to 6.5, such pH adjustment failed to overcome the inhibitory effect of the sucrose at 40 g/l in the solid medium. Out of 16 combinations of sucrose and pH, liquid medium (no agar added) was better than solid (7.0 grams of agar /l) and semi solid (3.5 grams of agar /l) at 8 combinations, equal to solid at 4 and to semi solid at 5 combinations and less than solid at 3 and than semi solid at 2 combinations. Adopting of the commonly used combination of sucrose at 30 g/l and pH 5.7 not only did not fit all medium states but also resulted in lower shoot formation (4 shoots) than the possibly obtainable (7 shoots). Simple modification of the medium pH (pH 5.0 instead of 5.7) doubled the rate of shoot formation.
Scientia Horticulturae, Aug 1, 2008
ABSTRACT
مجلة المختار للعلوم, Sep 30, 2018
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of combinations of four incubation periods (30... more This study was conducted to investigate the effect of combinations of four incubation periods (30, 45, 60 and 75 days), three explants density (one, two and three) and four volumes of medium (3, 6, 9 and 12 ml) in the in vitro shoot formation per explant, total shoots and total cost per liter of medium and cost per shoot of Moris pineapple. The highest shoot per explant was obtained in combination of three explants in 12 ml of medium incubated for 60 days, three explants in 9 and in 12 ml of medium and one explant in 3 and in 9 ml of medium incubated for 75 days but at different total shoots (2750, 3667, 2750, 3667 and 1222 shoots), total cost (USA 25.85,36.09,28.39,95.32and36.06)perliterofmedium.Combinationsinwhichthreeexplantswereusedpercultureresultedinlowestcostpershoot(1.0cent)whilecombinationinwhichoneexplantwasusedperculture,thecostpershootwastwotothreetimeshigher(2.6and2.9cents).Combinationofthreeexplants,3mlofmediumand75daysofincubation,ontheotherhand,resultedinformationofonly6shootsperexplant(almosthalfofthehighestobtainedrate)butinhighesttotalshootperliterofmedium(6000shoots)athighesttotalcost(USA25.85, 36.09, 28.39, 95.32 and 36.06) per liter of medium. Combinations in which three explants were used per culture resulted in lowest cost per shoot (1.0 cent) while combination in which one explant was used per culture, the cost per shoot was two to three times higher (2.6 and 2.9 cents). Combination of three explants, 3 ml of medium and 75 days of incubation, on the other hand, resulted in formation of only 6 shoots per explant (almost half of the highest obtained rate) but in highest total shoot per liter of medium (6000 shoots) at highest total cost (USA 25.85,36.09,28.39,95.32and36.06)perliterofmedium.Combinationsinwhichthreeexplantswereusedpercultureresultedinlowestcostpershoot(1.0cent)whilecombinationinwhichoneexplantwasusedperculture,thecostpershootwastwotothreetimeshigher(2.6and2.9cents).Combinationofthreeexplants,3mlofmediumand75daysofincubation,ontheotherhand,resultedinformationofonly6shootsperexplant(almosthalfofthehighestobtainedrate)butinhighesttotalshootperliterofmedium(6000shoots)athighesttotalcost(USA95.32) and intermediate cost per shoot (1.6 cents). Combination of three explants, 6 ml of medium and 75 days resulted in formation of 10 shoots per explant, production of 5000 shoots per liter of medium at lowest cost per shoot (1.0 cent) and intermediate total cost per liter of medium (USA $ 50.68). Using of one explant in 12 ml for 30 days resulted in formation of 5 shoots per explant, highest cost per shoot (5.0 cents) and lowest total shoots (417 shoots) and lowest total cost (USA $ 20.73) per liter of medium.
Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences
The effect of medium states (solid, semi solid and liquid) of full strength MS medium enriched wi... more The effect of medium states (solid, semi solid and liquid) of full strength MS medium enriched with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 2.0 mg/l on in vitro shoots formation and shoot length of Moris pineapple were tested at 16 combinations of sucrose (10, 20, 30 and 40 g/l) and pH (5.0, 5.7, 6.0 and 6.5). The highest shoot formations (7 shoots/ explant) were obtained in liquid and solid media each adjusted to pH 5.0 but enriched with different sucrose concentrations, sucrose at 20 g/l for liquid and at 30 g/l for solid medium. Increasing the medium sucrose to 40 g/l or adjusting the medium to pH 6.0 caused 50 % decline in the shoot formation capacity in both medium states. However, while that decline could be reversed in liquid medium by adjusting the pH to 6.5, such pH adjustment failed to overcome the inhibitory effect of the sucrose at 40 g/l in the solid medium. Out of 16 combinations of sucrose and pH, liquid medium (no agar added) was better than solid (7.0 grams of agar /l) and se...
Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences
The effect of explants length (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 mm long shoots) and density (one, two, three, fo... more The effect of explants length (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 mm long shoots) and density (one, two, three, four, five shoots per culture) on the in vitro shoot formation of Moris pineapple were assessed using average shoot formation per explant and total shoots and the frequency of shoots of different shoot length (£ 5; 6-10; 11-15; 16-20; 21-25 and ³ 26 mm long) per one liter of medium. Of all combinations of explants length and density, using of 25 mm long shoots at a density of one per culture resulted in highest shoot formation (8.3 shoots), and at density of three and four resulted in longest shoots (21.7 mm). The highest total shoots per one liter of medium (2800 shoots) obtained when 15 mm long explants were used at a density of four explants per culture. Using of 10 mm long shoots at a density of two per culture resulted in lowest shoot formation (2.7 shoots) and shortest shoots (5 mm long) per explant and lowest total shoots (233 shoots) per liter of medium. Overall explants density, t...
Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences
The effect of two cytokinins, 6-benzyleaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (KN) and two auxins, naphtha... more The effect of two cytokinins, 6-benzyleaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (KN) and two auxins, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) each applied at 10 concentrations with an increment of 0.5 mg/l in the in vitro shoot formation of Moris pineapple was evaluated in static liquid MS medium. The highest shoot formation (9 shoots per explant) was obtained in medium enriched with NAA but at high concentration (4.5 mg/l). The second best was 8 shoots per explant obtained in medium enriched with BAP at 2.0 mg/l. Out of 10 concentrations, NAA was better than BAP at the highest 5 and less at lowest 5 concentrations and at all concentrations both hormones resulted in production of more shoots per explant than hormone free medium. Except at two concentrations, NAA and BAP were better than KN. Either one of these three hormones, BAP, NAA, KN could be claimed, depending on the tested range of concentrations, better than the others for in vitro shoot formation of Moris pineapple. ...
Libyan Journal of Basic Sciences, 2021
Pineapple explants of different length (5, 10, 15, and 20 mm long) were cultured at different den... more Pineapple explants of different length (5, 10, 15, and 20 mm long) were cultured at different densities (one, two, three, four, and five explants per culture) on full strength, agar solidified MS medium supplemented with sucrose at 30 g/l and IBA at 2.0 mg/l for 60 days. The rooting ability (rooting %, root number, and length) of the explants were not affected by the explants' length and explants' densities per culture. Irrespective of length and densities, 82 % of the explants rooted and produced 4.1 roots each 17.7 mm long. Moreover, overall explants lengths, plantlet height was not affected by explants density and were about 50.5 mm tall. On contrary, overall density, explant of different lengths developed into plantlets of significantly different height. Plantlets' height increased from 39.2 to 49.6; 55.9 and 57.4 mm as the explants length increased from 5 to 10; 15 and 20 mm respectively. Keywords: Pineapple; Ananas comosus; Explants length; Explants density
AL-MUKHTAR JOURNAL OF SCIENCES, 2021
The effect of medium states (liquid, semi solid, solid), pH (5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5) and sucrose conc... more The effect of medium states (liquid, semi solid, solid), pH (5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5) and sucrose concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40 g/l) on in vitro rooting of pineapple cultured in full strength MS enriched with IBA at 0.5 mg/l were investigated. According to average overall sucrose concentrations, overall pH adjustments, and at each combination of equal sucrose and pH, liquid medium was always super than solid and semisolid. The tallest plantlets (66 to 71 mm) obtained in liquid medium enriched with sucrose at 10 and 20 g/l both adjusted to pH 6.0; sucrose at 20 g/l and adjusted to pH 6.5 and sucrose at 30 g/l and adjusted to pH 5.0. All of the above combinations except sucrose at 20 and pH 6.0 resulted in 100% rooting. Sucrose at 30 g/l and pH 5.0 resulted in two times more (11 roots per shoot) and three times longer roots (39 mm) than the other treatments (5 roots each about 14 mm long). Each rooting parameter had different optimum combinations of medium state, sucrose and pH adjustmen...
A total of 25 experiments were conducted to test the effect of several factors such as hormone ty... more A total of 25 experiments were conducted to test the effect of several factors such as hormone types and concentrations, incubation periods, subcultures, medium states, sucrose, pH, explants size, explants density and medium volume per culture and medium strength on the shoot formation per explant, total shoots, total cost and cost per shoot of Smooth cayenne and Moris pineapple at each and over 4 consecutive subcultures. Rooting responses and plantlets quality of both cultivars were tested in different hormones, media strength, shoots age, sucrose content and incubation periods. Survival during acclimatization was evaluated in relation to rooting treatments, plantlet quality, substrate types and mixing ratio under polyethylene enclosure. Two protocols of low cost and simplicity were developed for commercial propagation of Smooth cayenne and Moris pineapple. The procedure involved aseptic culture of shoot tips explants excised from crown of Smooth cayenne and shoots of field grown M...
Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences
The effect of 6 sucrose concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 g/l) over 4 incubation periods (30,... more The effect of 6 sucrose concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 g/l) over 4 incubation periods (30, 45, 60, 75 days) on in vitro rooting of Moris pineapple cultured in liquid half strength MS medium enriched with IBA at 2.0 mg/l was investigated. At all incubation periods, all shoots in medium enriched with sucrose at 5 g/l failed to root, and no roots formed within the first 30 days in medium enriched with sucrose at 10 g/l. After 30 days of incubation, the highest rooting percentage (66 %), tallest plantlets (23 mm tall), highest (3.4 roots) and longest (5.3 mm) root per shoot were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 25, 10, 15, 15 g/l respectively, while after 45 days, the highest of all rooting aspects (75 %, 32.3 mm tall, 3.7 roots, 7 mm long), were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 15 g/l. After 60 days, the highest rooting percentage (91.7 %) and tallest plantlets (36.7 mm tall) were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 20 g/l while highest roots per sh...
Asian Journal of Plant Sciences