abrar suleiman - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by abrar suleiman

This paper surveys the pattern of Ethiopian in the period with special emphasis on the government... more This paper surveys the pattern of Ethiopian in the period with special emphasis on the government expenditures. The trends of security, education, and health expenditures as well as spending on economic services are examined. The trends of security, education, and health expenditures as well as spending on economic services are examined. Then simple correlation, linear regression, and estimation of vulnerability induces and expenditure elastic ties are used to test for the existence of budgetary trade-offs between the various expenditure categories. The results suggest that some trade offs existed in the period studied, particularly the trade-off between security spending and human capital formation (using the spending on health and education as proxies). This crowding-out of human resource development by security spending was more obvious during the Derg regime (1974/75-1990/91)

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Although the poverty-reducing potential of growth in agricultural productivity has long been reco... more Although the poverty-reducing potential of growth in agricultural productivity has long been recognized, the extent of the impact remains disputed in the development literature ever since the advent of the Asian green revolution (e.g., Freebain, 1995). Other things being equal, higher yields increase output and farm income, thereby reducing poverty.

Similarly, even more dramatically, pressures are at work in Ethiopia as it is attempting to grope... more Similarly, even more dramatically, pressures are at work in Ethiopia as it is attempting to grope with the issue of decentralization. Since its assumption of power in 1991, the Transitional Government of Ethiopia (TGE) has been busy setting new systems of centre-region fiscal relations. Although some legal preconditions are already established, promulgation of the basic legal framework for the newly adopted system -the Constitution has yet to take place.

Ethiopian Journal of Economics, 1995

This article is primarily concerned with applying Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for measuring t... more This article is primarily concerned with applying Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for measuring the efficiency of smallholders in Ethiopia. Two variants of DEA models, Constant - returns-to scale (CRS) and variable-returns-to - scale (VRS) are applied on individual farm level cross-sectional data from three villages in Ethiopia The empirical results of both measures show that the farmers in the sample are more technically inefficient that scale inefficient. This implies that policy should largely focus on means of raising technical efficiency. Moreover the results also indicate that there is regional variation in the level of efficiency, suggesting selective policy intervention based on the specific environment.

The main purpose of this study is to examine the responsiveness of peasant farmers to changes in ... more The main purpose of this study is to examine the responsiveness of peasant farmers to changes in price and non-price factors. To this end, quadratic production and restricted profit functions are fitted to farm-level survey data from Ethiopia. The results indicate that farmers respond significantly to price incentives, but the effect of prices on output supply and fertilizer demand is negligible. The most important finding is that non-price factors are far more important in affecting production and resource use than price incentives. The results underscore the need to strengthen market incentives through effective policies that will improve farmers' access to land and credit, public investment in roads and irrigation. The results are robust to whether primal or dual approach is used to estimate elasticities.

Empirical studies on gender and agricultural productivity are typically based on production funct... more Empirical studies on gender and agricultural productivity are typically based on production function estimates of a single crop or aggregate output, ignoring the role of prices and endogeneity of input choice. We apply the profit function approach to farm-level data from Ethiopia to compare supply response between male and female farmers, incorporating the full range of crops and prices and non-price incentives. Gender-differential in labor productivity is accounted for by including separate variables for adult male and female labor as well as child labor. We find that women respond to price incentives as strongly as men farmers do, but responsiveness largely depends on the type of crops and the relative importance of binding constraints. In contrast to price responses, differences in the non-price effects are not qualitatively different between the two groups, with location-specific factors soliciting significantly larger share of output response than household-specific factors. Th...

Review of Development Economics, 2007

Journal of International Development, 2004

... Dercon and Lulseged (1994) argue that any increase in official exports resulting from devalua... more ... Dercon and Lulseged (1994) argue that any increase in official exports resulting from devaluation of the Birr are due to reduced ... The only exception is Zerihun (1996) who used aggregate time series data to examine relationships between producer prices of food grains and the ...

Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2004

The full article has 289-311 pages. Using farm-level survey data from Ethiopia, this paper estima... more The full article has 289-311 pages. Using farm-level survey data from Ethiopia, this paper estimates a quadratic restricted profit function to assess the supply response of smallholder farmers. All major crops are identified in the analysis and variations in agro-climatic and farming systems are accounted for. Peasant farmers, at least in the more commercial Central and Southern zones, do respond positively and significantly to price incentives. Farmers in the Northern zone are least commercial and least responsive to prices, and in fact the model based on profit maximisation does not adequately capture their behaviour. In general, non-price factors, especially rainfall and market access, are more important than prices in affecting production, and which factors are most important varies depending on the crop and region in question. We conclude with suggestions regarding which crops appear most suitable to each agro-climatic region, and identify the most relevant policy interventions in each case.

… paper, University of …, 2006

Page 1. 1 Escape routes from the rural poverty trap: evidence from three African countries Paul M... more Page 1. 1 Escape routes from the rural poverty trap: evidence from three African countries Paul Mosley , Abrar Suleiman and Blessing Chiripanhura1 This draft: 16 March 2007 Contents Abstract 2 1. Varieties of poverty trap 3 2. A model of possible escape routes 6 ...