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Papers by andrzej hermanowicz
International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, 1986
Adhesion, random and chemotactic migration, phagocytosis and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye redu... more Adhesion, random and chemotactic migration, phagocytosis and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye reduction of peritoneal exudate polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and macrophages were examined in 110 rabbits with immune complex-mediated colitis and in controls. We may conclude that Arthus-like colitis in rabbits is accompanied by an impairment of adhesion and phagocytosis, and an increase in chemotactic and random migration of both PMN and macrophages. The examined phagocytes were obtained from the peritoneal cavity, and the changes in their function are related much more directly to the presence of circulating immune complexes than to the colitis. The mentioned impairment in their function may be responsible for prolonged persistence of immune complexes in the serum of rabbits with colitis; however, it does not prolong the time of healing of the ulcers.
Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology, 1984
Neutrophil function and the prevalence of infections in 85 workers occupationally exposed to phos... more Neutrophil function and the prevalence of infections in 85 workers occupationally exposed to phosphoorganic pesticides were examined and compared to those of ageand sex-matched healthy controls. Activity of cholinesterase (ChE) in red blood cells (RBC) and in serum was used as marker of organophosphate toxicity. A decrease of CHE activity was observed in all groups of workers, both in serum and in RBC, and was dependent on the degree of exposure to the pesticides. A marked impairment of neutrophil chemotaxis stimulated with zymosan-activated serum (from workers or controls) was observed in all groups of workers. There was no significant change of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) migration after their preincubation in 10% autologous serum or washed cells. However, neutrophil chemotaxis was normal after stimulation with specific mononuclear-derived chemotactic factor (MDCF). The area of random migration increased in those working directly in the production of organophosphates. A decrease of adhesion and an increase of nitroblue tetrazolium-dye reduction was also found. The frequency of upper respiratory tract infection (in 68.8%) was greater in workers than in controls and similarly to their recurrence was dependent upon the time of exposure to the insecticides. A normal frequency of infections localized outside of the upper respiratory tract was observed. It may be concluded that (1) impairment of chemotaxis in the workers is not dependent on serum factors; (2) stimulation of neutro-phi1 chemotaxis by MDCF occurs by a different mechanism to their stimulation by zymosan-activated serum; (3) the increase of morbidity in the workers is probably caused by prolonged inhalation of both the insecticides and solvents; (4) the impaired function of neutrophils may be not so important as expected. However, the local effects of the pesticides should be explored.
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 1987
The results of our study of 50 patients show that levamisole is ineffective in the treatment of p... more The results of our study of 50 patients show that levamisole is ineffective in the treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis. The data presented here support our hypothesis that the only effective drugs in ulcerative colitis act as suppressors of both acquired and natural immunity.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1982
The function of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) was examined in 33 workers with occupational ... more The function of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) was examined in 33 workers with occupational exposure to organochloride insecticides. A deep impairment of chemotaxis, adhesion, phagocytosis and nitroblue tetrazolium-dye reduction was found. A simultaneous increase of random migration and stimulated migration was observed. Perhaps the increase of the surface migration of leucocytes can partially compensate for the decrease of chemotaxis. However, no correlation between chemotaxis and spontaneous or stimulated migration could be demonstrated. The failure of PMN incubation in autologous serum to affect leucocyte migration and the fact that chemo-attractant generated from the plasma of both workers and controls show similar activity both suggest that the damaged PMN chemotaxis is not serum but cell-dependent. The simultaneous increase of infectious disease, especially of the upper respiratory tract, was found in the group of workers chronically exposed to organochloride insecticides. This kind of infection in the examined group of workers depends mainly on the chronic exposure to insecticides and only partially on the observed impairment of leucocyte function. A possible cause for the frequency of infections in workers is discussed.
International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, 1986
The migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes preincubated with autologous or heterologous serum ... more The migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes preincubated with autologous or heterologous serum was examined in 100 patients with untreated ulcerative colitis (UC) and in 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The activity of complement-derived chemotactic factors and mononuclear-derived chemotactic factor (MDCF) was also investigated in the same group of patients. No significant difference was found in random and chemotactic migration of patients or control leukocytes preincubated in different concentrations (10, 50 and 100%) of autologous or heterologous serum. Defective chemotaxis of leukocytes stimulated with complement-derived chemotactic factors was found in UC and was more marked in patients in remission than with active UC independently of whether complement was activated by the alternative or the classical pathway. However, the random migration of neutrophils was enhanced in both groups of UC patients. The leukocytes of patients stimulated with MDCF (mononuclear cells were activated with lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli O55:B5) show normal chemotaxis. Our data suggest an impairment of neutrophil receptors for complement-derived chemotactic factor in UC. The decreased response of neutrophils to these factors and normal response to MDCF suggest that the main way in which cells are attracted to the site of inflammation in UC may be a factor produced by stimulated mononuclear cells.
Gut, 1984
Forty five patients with acute ulcerative colitis were randomly allocated to receive (a) sulphasa... more Forty five patients with acute ulcerative colitis were randomly allocated to receive (a) sulphasalazine, (b) levamisole, or (c) a combination of sulphasalazine and levamisole. Each group contained 15 patients. The ulcerative colitis activity index (UCAI), the remission and relapse rates were compared at three monthly intervals for one year. The UCAI fell in each group. Detailed analysis of all clinical and biochemical parameters used for estimation of UCAI showed that the only difference was in patients receiving combined therapy who continued to have a raised ESR and platelet count. Fewer patients, however, went into remission on levamisole therapy (46.6%) compared with the other two groups (66.6%). The cumulative relapse rate was 20% for those receiving levamisole compared with 6-6% in the other groups. Side effects were observed in 20% of patients receiving levamisole, 26% receiving sulphasalazine, and 40% in those having combined therapy. The results indicate that levamisole is unlikely to have a major role in the management of patients with ulcerative colitis.
Gut, 1987
The chemotactic migration in vitro of peripheral blood, intestinal mucosal, and mesenteric lymph ... more The chemotactic migration in vitro of peripheral blood, intestinal mucosal, and mesenteric lymph node mononuclear cells has been assessed in patients with colorectal carcinoma. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients exhibited normal chemotaxis. For control patients with non-malignant, non-inflammatory intestinal disease, the chemotaxis of mucosal mononuclear cells was similar to that of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The chemotactic migration of mucosal mononuclear cells, however, isolated distant from a colon cancer was less than that of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Chemotactic migration was progressively impaired with increasing closeness to the tumour itself. Chemotaxis of mucosal mononuclear cell was independent of the site of tumour and the Dukes' grading. Mononuclear cells from mesenteric lymph nodes, however, exhibited impaired migration only in patients with Dukes' C tumours. Supernatants of the collagenase digestion of either tumour or adjacent mucosa contained macrophage directed inhibitors of chemotaxis and these inhibitors were not produced by tumour mononuclear cells. The presence of such inhibitors in the digestion supernatants and the demonstration that proximity to the tumour was associated with impaired mononuclear cell motility suggest that the production of macrophage directed chemotactic inhibitors is by colon cancer cells and that this may be occurring in vivo.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1982
The function of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) was examined in 33 workers with occupational ... more The function of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) was examined in 33 workers with occupational exposure to organochloride insecticides. A deep impairment of chemotaxis, adhesion, phagocytosis and nitroblue tatrazolium-dye reduction was found. A simultaneous increase of random migration and stimulated migration was observed. Perhaps the increase of the surface migration of leucocytes can partially compensate for the decrease of chemotaxis. However, no
International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, 1986
Adhesion, random and chemotactic migration, phagocytosis and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye redu... more Adhesion, random and chemotactic migration, phagocytosis and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye reduction of peritoneal exudate polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and macrophages were examined in 110 rabbits with immune complex-mediated colitis and in controls. We may conclude that Arthus-like colitis in rabbits is accompanied by an impairment of adhesion and phagocytosis, and an increase in chemotactic and random migration of both PMN and macrophages. The examined phagocytes were obtained from the peritoneal cavity, and the changes in their function are related much more directly to the presence of circulating immune complexes than to the colitis. The mentioned impairment in their function may be responsible for prolonged persistence of immune complexes in the serum of rabbits with colitis; however, it does not prolong the time of healing of the ulcers.
Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology, 1984
Neutrophil function and the prevalence of infections in 85 workers occupationally exposed to phos... more Neutrophil function and the prevalence of infections in 85 workers occupationally exposed to phosphoorganic pesticides were examined and compared to those of ageand sex-matched healthy controls. Activity of cholinesterase (ChE) in red blood cells (RBC) and in serum was used as marker of organophosphate toxicity. A decrease of CHE activity was observed in all groups of workers, both in serum and in RBC, and was dependent on the degree of exposure to the pesticides. A marked impairment of neutrophil chemotaxis stimulated with zymosan-activated serum (from workers or controls) was observed in all groups of workers. There was no significant change of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) migration after their preincubation in 10% autologous serum or washed cells. However, neutrophil chemotaxis was normal after stimulation with specific mononuclear-derived chemotactic factor (MDCF). The area of random migration increased in those working directly in the production of organophosphates. A decrease of adhesion and an increase of nitroblue tetrazolium-dye reduction was also found. The frequency of upper respiratory tract infection (in 68.8%) was greater in workers than in controls and similarly to their recurrence was dependent upon the time of exposure to the insecticides. A normal frequency of infections localized outside of the upper respiratory tract was observed. It may be concluded that (1) impairment of chemotaxis in the workers is not dependent on serum factors; (2) stimulation of neutro-phi1 chemotaxis by MDCF occurs by a different mechanism to their stimulation by zymosan-activated serum; (3) the increase of morbidity in the workers is probably caused by prolonged inhalation of both the insecticides and solvents; (4) the impaired function of neutrophils may be not so important as expected. However, the local effects of the pesticides should be explored.
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 1987
The results of our study of 50 patients show that levamisole is ineffective in the treatment of p... more The results of our study of 50 patients show that levamisole is ineffective in the treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis. The data presented here support our hypothesis that the only effective drugs in ulcerative colitis act as suppressors of both acquired and natural immunity.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1982
The function of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) was examined in 33 workers with occupational ... more The function of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) was examined in 33 workers with occupational exposure to organochloride insecticides. A deep impairment of chemotaxis, adhesion, phagocytosis and nitroblue tetrazolium-dye reduction was found. A simultaneous increase of random migration and stimulated migration was observed. Perhaps the increase of the surface migration of leucocytes can partially compensate for the decrease of chemotaxis. However, no correlation between chemotaxis and spontaneous or stimulated migration could be demonstrated. The failure of PMN incubation in autologous serum to affect leucocyte migration and the fact that chemo-attractant generated from the plasma of both workers and controls show similar activity both suggest that the damaged PMN chemotaxis is not serum but cell-dependent. The simultaneous increase of infectious disease, especially of the upper respiratory tract, was found in the group of workers chronically exposed to organochloride insecticides. This kind of infection in the examined group of workers depends mainly on the chronic exposure to insecticides and only partially on the observed impairment of leucocyte function. A possible cause for the frequency of infections in workers is discussed.
International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, 1986
The migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes preincubated with autologous or heterologous serum ... more The migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes preincubated with autologous or heterologous serum was examined in 100 patients with untreated ulcerative colitis (UC) and in 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The activity of complement-derived chemotactic factors and mononuclear-derived chemotactic factor (MDCF) was also investigated in the same group of patients. No significant difference was found in random and chemotactic migration of patients or control leukocytes preincubated in different concentrations (10, 50 and 100%) of autologous or heterologous serum. Defective chemotaxis of leukocytes stimulated with complement-derived chemotactic factors was found in UC and was more marked in patients in remission than with active UC independently of whether complement was activated by the alternative or the classical pathway. However, the random migration of neutrophils was enhanced in both groups of UC patients. The leukocytes of patients stimulated with MDCF (mononuclear cells were activated with lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli O55:B5) show normal chemotaxis. Our data suggest an impairment of neutrophil receptors for complement-derived chemotactic factor in UC. The decreased response of neutrophils to these factors and normal response to MDCF suggest that the main way in which cells are attracted to the site of inflammation in UC may be a factor produced by stimulated mononuclear cells.
Gut, 1984
Forty five patients with acute ulcerative colitis were randomly allocated to receive (a) sulphasa... more Forty five patients with acute ulcerative colitis were randomly allocated to receive (a) sulphasalazine, (b) levamisole, or (c) a combination of sulphasalazine and levamisole. Each group contained 15 patients. The ulcerative colitis activity index (UCAI), the remission and relapse rates were compared at three monthly intervals for one year. The UCAI fell in each group. Detailed analysis of all clinical and biochemical parameters used for estimation of UCAI showed that the only difference was in patients receiving combined therapy who continued to have a raised ESR and platelet count. Fewer patients, however, went into remission on levamisole therapy (46.6%) compared with the other two groups (66.6%). The cumulative relapse rate was 20% for those receiving levamisole compared with 6-6% in the other groups. Side effects were observed in 20% of patients receiving levamisole, 26% receiving sulphasalazine, and 40% in those having combined therapy. The results indicate that levamisole is unlikely to have a major role in the management of patients with ulcerative colitis.
Gut, 1987
The chemotactic migration in vitro of peripheral blood, intestinal mucosal, and mesenteric lymph ... more The chemotactic migration in vitro of peripheral blood, intestinal mucosal, and mesenteric lymph node mononuclear cells has been assessed in patients with colorectal carcinoma. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients exhibited normal chemotaxis. For control patients with non-malignant, non-inflammatory intestinal disease, the chemotaxis of mucosal mononuclear cells was similar to that of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The chemotactic migration of mucosal mononuclear cells, however, isolated distant from a colon cancer was less than that of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Chemotactic migration was progressively impaired with increasing closeness to the tumour itself. Chemotaxis of mucosal mononuclear cell was independent of the site of tumour and the Dukes' grading. Mononuclear cells from mesenteric lymph nodes, however, exhibited impaired migration only in patients with Dukes' C tumours. Supernatants of the collagenase digestion of either tumour or adjacent mucosa contained macrophage directed inhibitors of chemotaxis and these inhibitors were not produced by tumour mononuclear cells. The presence of such inhibitors in the digestion supernatants and the demonstration that proximity to the tumour was associated with impaired mononuclear cell motility suggest that the production of macrophage directed chemotactic inhibitors is by colon cancer cells and that this may be occurring in vivo.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1982
The function of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) was examined in 33 workers with occupational ... more The function of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) was examined in 33 workers with occupational exposure to organochloride insecticides. A deep impairment of chemotaxis, adhesion, phagocytosis and nitroblue tatrazolium-dye reduction was found. A simultaneous increase of random migration and stimulated migration was observed. Perhaps the increase of the surface migration of leucocytes can partially compensate for the decrease of chemotaxis. However, no