amer alali - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by amer alali
CRC Press eBooks, Oct 6, 2022
PeerJ
The objective of the present study was to improve the dissolution rate and aphrodisiac activity o... more The objective of the present study was to improve the dissolution rate and aphrodisiac activity of tadalafil by using hydrophilic polymers. Solid dispersions were prepared by solvent evaporation-Rota evaporator using Koliphore 188, Kollidon® VA64, and Kollidon® 30 polymers in a 1:1 ratio. Prepared tadalafil-solid dispersions (SDs) evaluated for yield, drug content, micromeritics properties, physicochemical characterizations, and aphrodisiac activity assessment. The optimized SDs TK188 showed size (2.175 ± 0.24 µm), percentage of content (98.89 ± 1.23%), yield (87.27 ± 3.13%), bulk density (0.496 ± 0.005 g/cm3), true density (0.646 ± 0.003 g/cm3), Carr’s index (23.25 ± 0.81), Hausner ratio (1.303 ± 0.003) and angle of repose (<25°). FTIR spectrums revealed tadalafil doesn’t chemically interact with used polymers. XRD and DSC analysis represents TK188 SDs were in the amorphous state. Drug release was 97.17 ± 2.43% for TK188, whereas it was 32.76 ± 2.65% for pure drug at the end of ...
Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports
We present here at 16 years old a Saudi girl with alopecia which noted since birth and delayed pu... more We present here at 16 years old a Saudi girl with alopecia which noted since birth and delayed puberty and short stature, dyslipidemia, diabetes and hypothyroidism. Family history was positive for similar complaints. Genetic study shows a mutation at DCAF17 which is known a common founder mutation confirming diagnosis of Woodhouse-Sakati Syndrome. This patient has many unreported findings of hepatic hemangioma, with Hepatomegaly, high indirect bilirubin, high uric acid, focal segmental Glomerulonephritis and low growth hormone level. Presentation of this syndrome may overlap with other important differential diagnosis like autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome, Alopecia-progressive neurological defect (ANE syndrome), and Turner and Mitochondrial disease. In such presentation, the presence of dysmorphic features and low intelligence quotient (IQ) scores, should alert the physician to look for WSS as a possible diagnosis.
International Journal of Scientific Research
ABSTRACT
Journal of Medical Case Reports, 2012
Introduction: Familial glucocorticoid deficiency, or hereditary unresponsiveness to adrenocortico... more Introduction: Familial glucocorticoid deficiency, or hereditary unresponsiveness to adrenocorticotropic hormone, is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by glucocorticoid deficiency in the absence of mineralocorticoid deficiency. It may present in infancy or early childhood with hyperpigmentation, failure to thrive, recurrent infections, hypoglycemic attacks and convulsions that may result in coma or death. Here, we report the case of an 18-month-old Egyptian boy with familial glucocorticoid deficiency. Case presentation: An 18-month-old Egyptian boy was referred to our institution for evaluation of generalized hyperpigmentation of the body associated with recurrent convulsions; one of his siblings, who had died at the age of nine months, also had generalized hyperpigmentation of the body. The initial clinical examination revealed generalized symmetrical deep hyperpigmentation of the body as well as hypotonia, normal blood pressure and normal male genitalia. He had low blood glucose and cortisol levels, normal aldosterone and high adrenocorticotropic hormone levels. Based on the above mentioned data, a provisional diagnosis of familial glucocorticoid deficiency was made, which was confirmed by a molecular genetics study. Oral hydrocortisone treatment at a dose of 10 mg/m 2 /day was started. The child was followed up after two months of treatment; the hyperpigmentation has lessened in comparison with his initial presentation and his blood sugar and cortisol levels were normalized. Conclusion: Familial glucocorticoid deficiency is a rare, treatable disease that can be easily missed due to nonspecific presentations. The consequences of delayed diagnosis and treatment are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality.
British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2007
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the commonest cause of death and disability in young adults livin... more Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the commonest cause of death and disability in young adults living in industrialised countries. Recently, several studies have shown that hypopituitarism is a common complication of head trauma, with a prevalence of at least 25% among patients who were studied months or years following injury. This remarkably high frequency has changed the traditional concept of hypopituitarism being a rare complication of TBI, and suggests that most cases of posttraumatic hypopituitarism remain undiagnosed and untreated in clinical practice. It is therefore reasonable to infer that posttraumatic hypopituitarism may have an important contribution to the high physical and neuropsychiatric morbidity seen in patients with head injury. This article discusses the published reports on neuroendocrine dysfunction in TBI patients and the natural history of this disorder. The potential impact of posttraumatic hypopituitarism on recovery and rehabilitation after injury will also be examined, as well as the need for the identification, and appropriate and timely management of hormone deficiencies in order to reduce morbidity, aid recovery, and avoid the long-term complications of pituitary failure.
Adsorption Science & Technology, 2022
In the present study, ribociclib-loaded nanosponges (RCNs) composed of ethylcellulose and polyvin... more In the present study, ribociclib-loaded nanosponges (RCNs) composed of ethylcellulose and polyvinyl alcohol were developed using an emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Preliminary evaluations of the developed RCNs (RCN1 to RCN7) were performed in terms of size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), entrapment efficiency (EE), and drug loading (DL), which allowed us to select the optimized formulation. RCN3 was selected as the optimized carrier system with particle size ( 363.5 ± 4.8 nm ), PDI ( 0.292 ± 0.012 ), zeta potential ( − 18.5 ± 0.05 mV ), EE ( 81.35 ± 1.64 % ), and DL ( 21.96 ± 0.28 % ). Further, the optimized nanosponges (RCN3) were subjected to FTIR, XRD, DSC, and SEM studies, and results confirmed the proper encapsulation of the drug within the porous polymeric matrix. In vitro drug release studies showed that the drug release was significantly enhanced with a maximum drug release through RCN3 formulation ( 81.85 ± 0.37 % ) and followed the Higuchi model....
Frontiers in Neuroscience
BackgroundStroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability and one of the most common neurol... more BackgroundStroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability and one of the most common neurological conditions globally. Many studies focused on vitamin D as a stroke risk factor, but only a few focused on its serum level as a predictor of stroke initial clinical severity and recovery with inconsistent results. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and stroke clinical severity at admission and functional independence and disability at discharge in Saudi Arabia.MethodologyA retrospective cohort study of adult ischemic stroke patients who had their vitamin D tested and admitted within 7 days of exhibiting stroke symptoms at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Based on vitamin D level, the patients were categorized into normal [25(OH)D serum level ≥ 75 nmol/L], insufficient [25(OH)D serum level is 50–75 nmol/L], and deficient [25(OH)D serum level ≤ 50 nmol/L]. The primary outcome was to assess the vitamin D seru...
Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 2021
The impact of different sociodemographic and clinical characteristics on the COVID-19-related mor... more The impact of different sociodemographic and clinical characteristics on the COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality rates have been studied extensively around the world; however, there is a dearth of data on the impact of different clinical and sociodemographic variables on the COVID-19-related outcomes in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to identify those at high risk of worse clinical outcomes, such as hospitalization and longer length of stay (LOS) among young and middle-aged adults (18 to 55 years). In this questionnaire-based cross-sectional study, 706 patients with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed COVID-19 infection were interviewed. Patients’ demographic characteristics, dietary habits, medical history, and lifestyle choices were collected through phone interviews. Patients with chronic health conditions, such as diabetes and hypertension, reported a higher rate of hospitalization, ICU admission, oxygen-support needs, and a longer period of recovery and LOS. Multiple logistic regression showed that diabetes, hypertension, and pulmonary disease (e.g., asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)) were associated with a higher risk of hospitalization and longer LOS. Multiple logistic regression showed that symptoms of breathlessness, loss of smell and/or taste, diarrhea, and cough were associated with a longer recovery period. Similarly, breathlessness, vomiting, and diarrhea were associated with higher rates of hospitalization. The findings of this study confirm the similarity of the factors associated with worse clinical outcomes across the world. Future studies should use more robust designs to investigate the impact of different therapies on the COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality in Saudi Arabia.
International Journal of Scientific Research
ABSTRACT
American Journal of Ophthalmology, 2003
PurposeTo report a clinical association between congenital adrenal hyperplasia and keratoconus.
Endocrine Abstracts, 2016
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21--hydroxylase deficiency is a common endocrine dis... more Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21--hydroxylase deficiency is a common endocrine disorder accounting for more than 90 percent of CAH cases. As a result to the hormonal imbalance salt-wasting may occur, and predisposes affected females to prenatal development of genital ambiguity. This article discusses the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of this disorder and highlights new developments, including genotypephenotype correlations, screening, gene-specific pre-natal diagnosis and pre-natal therapy.
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Rabies is a common zoonotic viral infection worldwide. Numerous animals can transmit the virus to... more Rabies is a common zoonotic viral infection worldwide. Numerous animals can transmit the virus to humans, but dogs are the main ones. Despite the high incidence of animal bites overall in Saudi Arabia, of which most are dog bites, no single case of confirmed local human rabies has been reported. This article reports the case of a 12-year-old boy who lived with his family in a village in Jazan region in the southeast area of Saudi Arabia. He presented with signs suggestive of rabies. Saliva testing by rabies PCR was positive, confirming this as the first case of local human rabies in Saudi Arabia. The management plan followed the Milwaukee protocol, but the patient unfortunately died after 13 days of admission.
International Journal of Current Research
ABSTRACT
We report on a 12-year-old Saudi girl with uncontrolled congenital hypothyroidism, due to thyroid... more We report on a 12-year-old Saudi girl with uncontrolled congenital hypothyroidism, due to thyroid gland aplasia. She was found to have bilateral multicystic ovaries and menstrual dysfunction. This association is not widely recognized.
Juvenile granulosa cell tumour is a rare cause of isosexual precocious puberty in children. Early... more Juvenile granulosa cell tumour is a rare cause of isosexual precocious puberty in children. Early diagnosis and surgical removal of the tumour is essential since the delay in treatment can result in malignant transformation. A 22-month-old girl presented with isosexual precocious puberty. Huge pelviabdominal mass involving the right side, which was firm, smooth surface, mobile, not tender, not pulsatile measuring 9x12 cm which was confirmed by computed-tomography (CT) of the abdomen. Laparotomy revealed a unilateral involvement, with successful removal of the tumour. Histopathology reported a juvenile granulosa cell tumour. Postoperatively, she experienced cassation of vaginal bleeding and her breast size regressed. She has a good prognosis.
CRC Press eBooks, Oct 6, 2022
PeerJ
The objective of the present study was to improve the dissolution rate and aphrodisiac activity o... more The objective of the present study was to improve the dissolution rate and aphrodisiac activity of tadalafil by using hydrophilic polymers. Solid dispersions were prepared by solvent evaporation-Rota evaporator using Koliphore 188, Kollidon® VA64, and Kollidon® 30 polymers in a 1:1 ratio. Prepared tadalafil-solid dispersions (SDs) evaluated for yield, drug content, micromeritics properties, physicochemical characterizations, and aphrodisiac activity assessment. The optimized SDs TK188 showed size (2.175 ± 0.24 µm), percentage of content (98.89 ± 1.23%), yield (87.27 ± 3.13%), bulk density (0.496 ± 0.005 g/cm3), true density (0.646 ± 0.003 g/cm3), Carr’s index (23.25 ± 0.81), Hausner ratio (1.303 ± 0.003) and angle of repose (<25°). FTIR spectrums revealed tadalafil doesn’t chemically interact with used polymers. XRD and DSC analysis represents TK188 SDs were in the amorphous state. Drug release was 97.17 ± 2.43% for TK188, whereas it was 32.76 ± 2.65% for pure drug at the end of ...
Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports
We present here at 16 years old a Saudi girl with alopecia which noted since birth and delayed pu... more We present here at 16 years old a Saudi girl with alopecia which noted since birth and delayed puberty and short stature, dyslipidemia, diabetes and hypothyroidism. Family history was positive for similar complaints. Genetic study shows a mutation at DCAF17 which is known a common founder mutation confirming diagnosis of Woodhouse-Sakati Syndrome. This patient has many unreported findings of hepatic hemangioma, with Hepatomegaly, high indirect bilirubin, high uric acid, focal segmental Glomerulonephritis and low growth hormone level. Presentation of this syndrome may overlap with other important differential diagnosis like autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome, Alopecia-progressive neurological defect (ANE syndrome), and Turner and Mitochondrial disease. In such presentation, the presence of dysmorphic features and low intelligence quotient (IQ) scores, should alert the physician to look for WSS as a possible diagnosis.
International Journal of Scientific Research
ABSTRACT
Journal of Medical Case Reports, 2012
Introduction: Familial glucocorticoid deficiency, or hereditary unresponsiveness to adrenocortico... more Introduction: Familial glucocorticoid deficiency, or hereditary unresponsiveness to adrenocorticotropic hormone, is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by glucocorticoid deficiency in the absence of mineralocorticoid deficiency. It may present in infancy or early childhood with hyperpigmentation, failure to thrive, recurrent infections, hypoglycemic attacks and convulsions that may result in coma or death. Here, we report the case of an 18-month-old Egyptian boy with familial glucocorticoid deficiency. Case presentation: An 18-month-old Egyptian boy was referred to our institution for evaluation of generalized hyperpigmentation of the body associated with recurrent convulsions; one of his siblings, who had died at the age of nine months, also had generalized hyperpigmentation of the body. The initial clinical examination revealed generalized symmetrical deep hyperpigmentation of the body as well as hypotonia, normal blood pressure and normal male genitalia. He had low blood glucose and cortisol levels, normal aldosterone and high adrenocorticotropic hormone levels. Based on the above mentioned data, a provisional diagnosis of familial glucocorticoid deficiency was made, which was confirmed by a molecular genetics study. Oral hydrocortisone treatment at a dose of 10 mg/m 2 /day was started. The child was followed up after two months of treatment; the hyperpigmentation has lessened in comparison with his initial presentation and his blood sugar and cortisol levels were normalized. Conclusion: Familial glucocorticoid deficiency is a rare, treatable disease that can be easily missed due to nonspecific presentations. The consequences of delayed diagnosis and treatment are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality.
British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2007
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the commonest cause of death and disability in young adults livin... more Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the commonest cause of death and disability in young adults living in industrialised countries. Recently, several studies have shown that hypopituitarism is a common complication of head trauma, with a prevalence of at least 25% among patients who were studied months or years following injury. This remarkably high frequency has changed the traditional concept of hypopituitarism being a rare complication of TBI, and suggests that most cases of posttraumatic hypopituitarism remain undiagnosed and untreated in clinical practice. It is therefore reasonable to infer that posttraumatic hypopituitarism may have an important contribution to the high physical and neuropsychiatric morbidity seen in patients with head injury. This article discusses the published reports on neuroendocrine dysfunction in TBI patients and the natural history of this disorder. The potential impact of posttraumatic hypopituitarism on recovery and rehabilitation after injury will also be examined, as well as the need for the identification, and appropriate and timely management of hormone deficiencies in order to reduce morbidity, aid recovery, and avoid the long-term complications of pituitary failure.
Adsorption Science & Technology, 2022
In the present study, ribociclib-loaded nanosponges (RCNs) composed of ethylcellulose and polyvin... more In the present study, ribociclib-loaded nanosponges (RCNs) composed of ethylcellulose and polyvinyl alcohol were developed using an emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Preliminary evaluations of the developed RCNs (RCN1 to RCN7) were performed in terms of size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), entrapment efficiency (EE), and drug loading (DL), which allowed us to select the optimized formulation. RCN3 was selected as the optimized carrier system with particle size ( 363.5 ± 4.8 nm ), PDI ( 0.292 ± 0.012 ), zeta potential ( − 18.5 ± 0.05 mV ), EE ( 81.35 ± 1.64 % ), and DL ( 21.96 ± 0.28 % ). Further, the optimized nanosponges (RCN3) were subjected to FTIR, XRD, DSC, and SEM studies, and results confirmed the proper encapsulation of the drug within the porous polymeric matrix. In vitro drug release studies showed that the drug release was significantly enhanced with a maximum drug release through RCN3 formulation ( 81.85 ± 0.37 % ) and followed the Higuchi model....
Frontiers in Neuroscience
BackgroundStroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability and one of the most common neurol... more BackgroundStroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability and one of the most common neurological conditions globally. Many studies focused on vitamin D as a stroke risk factor, but only a few focused on its serum level as a predictor of stroke initial clinical severity and recovery with inconsistent results. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and stroke clinical severity at admission and functional independence and disability at discharge in Saudi Arabia.MethodologyA retrospective cohort study of adult ischemic stroke patients who had their vitamin D tested and admitted within 7 days of exhibiting stroke symptoms at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Based on vitamin D level, the patients were categorized into normal [25(OH)D serum level ≥ 75 nmol/L], insufficient [25(OH)D serum level is 50–75 nmol/L], and deficient [25(OH)D serum level ≤ 50 nmol/L]. The primary outcome was to assess the vitamin D seru...
Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 2021
The impact of different sociodemographic and clinical characteristics on the COVID-19-related mor... more The impact of different sociodemographic and clinical characteristics on the COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality rates have been studied extensively around the world; however, there is a dearth of data on the impact of different clinical and sociodemographic variables on the COVID-19-related outcomes in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to identify those at high risk of worse clinical outcomes, such as hospitalization and longer length of stay (LOS) among young and middle-aged adults (18 to 55 years). In this questionnaire-based cross-sectional study, 706 patients with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed COVID-19 infection were interviewed. Patients’ demographic characteristics, dietary habits, medical history, and lifestyle choices were collected through phone interviews. Patients with chronic health conditions, such as diabetes and hypertension, reported a higher rate of hospitalization, ICU admission, oxygen-support needs, and a longer period of recovery and LOS. Multiple logistic regression showed that diabetes, hypertension, and pulmonary disease (e.g., asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)) were associated with a higher risk of hospitalization and longer LOS. Multiple logistic regression showed that symptoms of breathlessness, loss of smell and/or taste, diarrhea, and cough were associated with a longer recovery period. Similarly, breathlessness, vomiting, and diarrhea were associated with higher rates of hospitalization. The findings of this study confirm the similarity of the factors associated with worse clinical outcomes across the world. Future studies should use more robust designs to investigate the impact of different therapies on the COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality in Saudi Arabia.
International Journal of Scientific Research
ABSTRACT
American Journal of Ophthalmology, 2003
PurposeTo report a clinical association between congenital adrenal hyperplasia and keratoconus.
Endocrine Abstracts, 2016
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21--hydroxylase deficiency is a common endocrine dis... more Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21--hydroxylase deficiency is a common endocrine disorder accounting for more than 90 percent of CAH cases. As a result to the hormonal imbalance salt-wasting may occur, and predisposes affected females to prenatal development of genital ambiguity. This article discusses the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of this disorder and highlights new developments, including genotypephenotype correlations, screening, gene-specific pre-natal diagnosis and pre-natal therapy.
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Rabies is a common zoonotic viral infection worldwide. Numerous animals can transmit the virus to... more Rabies is a common zoonotic viral infection worldwide. Numerous animals can transmit the virus to humans, but dogs are the main ones. Despite the high incidence of animal bites overall in Saudi Arabia, of which most are dog bites, no single case of confirmed local human rabies has been reported. This article reports the case of a 12-year-old boy who lived with his family in a village in Jazan region in the southeast area of Saudi Arabia. He presented with signs suggestive of rabies. Saliva testing by rabies PCR was positive, confirming this as the first case of local human rabies in Saudi Arabia. The management plan followed the Milwaukee protocol, but the patient unfortunately died after 13 days of admission.
International Journal of Current Research
ABSTRACT
We report on a 12-year-old Saudi girl with uncontrolled congenital hypothyroidism, due to thyroid... more We report on a 12-year-old Saudi girl with uncontrolled congenital hypothyroidism, due to thyroid gland aplasia. She was found to have bilateral multicystic ovaries and menstrual dysfunction. This association is not widely recognized.
Juvenile granulosa cell tumour is a rare cause of isosexual precocious puberty in children. Early... more Juvenile granulosa cell tumour is a rare cause of isosexual precocious puberty in children. Early diagnosis and surgical removal of the tumour is essential since the delay in treatment can result in malignant transformation. A 22-month-old girl presented with isosexual precocious puberty. Huge pelviabdominal mass involving the right side, which was firm, smooth surface, mobile, not tender, not pulsatile measuring 9x12 cm which was confirmed by computed-tomography (CT) of the abdomen. Laparotomy revealed a unilateral involvement, with successful removal of the tumour. Histopathology reported a juvenile granulosa cell tumour. Postoperatively, she experienced cassation of vaginal bleeding and her breast size regressed. She has a good prognosis.