alan kirk - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by alan kirk

Any restraint system carries a certain risk of injury from the system itself. It is therefore vit... more Any restraint system carries a certain risk of injury from the system itself. It is therefore vital to know the balance of that risk compared to the overall benefits of the system. The objectives of this study were to address those questions by a thorough case review of in-depth real world cases to find problems associated with airbag deployment followed by examining the nature, frequency and mechanisms of AIS ≥ 2 head/face and chest injuries in European vehicles, with and without airbags. Belted and unbelted drivers were examined separately. The analysis considered only frontal impacts.

Intersections are a critical part of the European road network, representing a small fraction of ... more Intersections are a critical part of the European road network, representing a small fraction of its overall size, but concentrating more than a fifth of the fatalities. More than 82.000 persons were killed in traffic accidents at junctions in 18 European Union countries between 1999 and 2008. In these 18 countries there were 30% fewer traffic accident fatalities at junctions in 2008 than in 1999. The objective of this research is the analysis of road safety related parameters in European road junctions through the use of the EU CARE database with disaggregate data on road accidents as well as of other international data sources (OECD/IRTAD, Eurostat, etc.). Time-series data from 23 EU countries over a period of 10 year (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008) are correlated with basic safety parameters, such as junction geometric design, vehicle type, area type and gender of the driver. Additional insight into accident causation is offered through the use of in-depth data from more than 1000 accidents. The results of the analysis allow for an overall assessment of the road safety level in the European road junctions in comparison to the remaining road network, providing thus useful support to decision makers working for the improvement of safety in the European road network.

Protection of Children in Cars, 7th-8th December 2006, Munich, Germany Analysis of CHILD Data Rel... more Protection of Children in Cars, 7th-8th December 2006, Munich, Germany Analysis of CHILD Data Related to Frontal Impacts Alan Kirk, Rachel Grant, VSRC, Loughborough University, UK Philippe Lesire, LAB, France Marianne Johansson, Chalmers University, Sweden ...

Of all the killed or seriously injured (KSI) passengers on buses or coaches in Great Britain, a s... more Of all the killed or seriously injured (KSI) passengers on buses or coaches in Great Britain, a surprisingly high proportion, 64.3%, are injured in non-collision incidents. A KSI casualty distribution of this sub-sample identifies that 74.2% of the casualties are female and a large ...

WHY DO PASSENGERS GET HURT WHEN BUSES DON'T CRASH? Rachel Grant1, Alan Kirk1, Richard Bird2 ... more WHY DO PASSENGERS GET HURT WHEN BUSES DON'T CRASH? Rachel Grant1, Alan Kirk1, Richard Bird2 'Vehicle Safely Research Centre, "formerly of ICE Ergonomics Research School in Ergonomics and Human Factors Loughborough University Loughborough, ...

This study evaluates and reports on the findings from real world accident data regarding left han... more This study evaluates and reports on the findings from real world accident data regarding left hand drive (LHD) heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) and foreign HGV drivers. According to the Department for Transport (DfT) there was a 150% increase between 1992 and 2003 in the number of LHD HGVs, and before 2005 it was anticipated that there would be an estimated 10,000 LHD HGVs using British roads each day. With the expansion of the European Union and concerns regarding foreign HGV accidents in the UK, a review of the scientific evidence regarding foreign HGV accident involvement is timely. The On The Spot (OTS) project, active since 2000, is funded by the Department for Transport (DfT) and Highways Agency (HA). The OTS teams in Nottinghamshire (Vehicle Safety Research Centre, Loughborough University) and Berkshire (Transport Research Laboratory) attend and investigate, in total, 500 real-world collisions per year on a rolling shift pattern, covering all times and days of the week. All collision types including all road users, all injury severities (from non-injury to fatal) Left-hand Drive HGVs and Foreign Truck Drivers in OTS PPRO 4/012/032 VSRC, Loughborough University ii January 2009

Any restraint system carries a certain risk of injury from the system itself. It is therefore vit... more Any restraint system carries a certain risk of injury from the system itself. It is therefore vital to know the balance of that risk compared to the overall benefits of the system. The objectives of this study were to address those questions by a thorough case review of in-depth real world cases to find problems associated with airbag deployment followed by examining the nature, frequency and mechanisms of AIS ≥ 2 head/face and chest injuries in European vehicles, with and without airbags. Belted and unbelted drivers were examined separately. The analysis considered only frontal impacts.

SAE Technical Paper Series, 2012

Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012

Any restraint system carries a certain risk of injury from the system itself. It is therefore vit... more Any restraint system carries a certain risk of injury from the system itself. It is therefore vital to know the balance of that risk compared to the overall benefits of the system. The objectives of this study were to address those questions by a thorough case review of in-depth real world cases to find problems associated with airbag deployment followed by examining the nature, frequency and mechanisms of AIS ≥ 2 head/face and chest injuries in European vehicles, with and without airbags. Belted and unbelted drivers were examined separately. The analysis considered only frontal impacts.

Intersections are a critical part of the European road network, representing a small fraction of ... more Intersections are a critical part of the European road network, representing a small fraction of its overall size, but concentrating more than a fifth of the fatalities. More than 82.000 persons were killed in traffic accidents at junctions in 18 European Union countries between 1999 and 2008. In these 18 countries there were 30% fewer traffic accident fatalities at junctions in 2008 than in 1999. The objective of this research is the analysis of road safety related parameters in European road junctions through the use of the EU CARE database with disaggregate data on road accidents as well as of other international data sources (OECD/IRTAD, Eurostat, etc.). Time-series data from 23 EU countries over a period of 10 year (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008) are correlated with basic safety parameters, such as junction geometric design, vehicle type, area type and gender of the driver. Additional insight into accident causation is offered through the use of in-depth data from more than 1000 accidents. The results of the analysis allow for an overall assessment of the road safety level in the European road junctions in comparison to the remaining road network, providing thus useful support to decision makers working for the improvement of safety in the European road network.

Protection of Children in Cars, 7th-8th December 2006, Munich, Germany Analysis of CHILD Data Rel... more Protection of Children in Cars, 7th-8th December 2006, Munich, Germany Analysis of CHILD Data Related to Frontal Impacts Alan Kirk, Rachel Grant, VSRC, Loughborough University, UK Philippe Lesire, LAB, France Marianne Johansson, Chalmers University, Sweden ...

Of all the killed or seriously injured (KSI) passengers on buses or coaches in Great Britain, a s... more Of all the killed or seriously injured (KSI) passengers on buses or coaches in Great Britain, a surprisingly high proportion, 64.3%, are injured in non-collision incidents. A KSI casualty distribution of this sub-sample identifies that 74.2% of the casualties are female and a large ...

WHY DO PASSENGERS GET HURT WHEN BUSES DON'T CRASH? Rachel Grant1, Alan Kirk1, Richard Bird2 ... more WHY DO PASSENGERS GET HURT WHEN BUSES DON'T CRASH? Rachel Grant1, Alan Kirk1, Richard Bird2 'Vehicle Safely Research Centre, "formerly of ICE Ergonomics Research School in Ergonomics and Human Factors Loughborough University Loughborough, ...

This study evaluates and reports on the findings from real world accident data regarding left han... more This study evaluates and reports on the findings from real world accident data regarding left hand drive (LHD) heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) and foreign HGV drivers. According to the Department for Transport (DfT) there was a 150% increase between 1992 and 2003 in the number of LHD HGVs, and before 2005 it was anticipated that there would be an estimated 10,000 LHD HGVs using British roads each day. With the expansion of the European Union and concerns regarding foreign HGV accidents in the UK, a review of the scientific evidence regarding foreign HGV accident involvement is timely. The On The Spot (OTS) project, active since 2000, is funded by the Department for Transport (DfT) and Highways Agency (HA). The OTS teams in Nottinghamshire (Vehicle Safety Research Centre, Loughborough University) and Berkshire (Transport Research Laboratory) attend and investigate, in total, 500 real-world collisions per year on a rolling shift pattern, covering all times and days of the week. All collision types including all road users, all injury severities (from non-injury to fatal) Left-hand Drive HGVs and Foreign Truck Drivers in OTS PPRO 4/012/032 VSRC, Loughborough University ii January 2009

Any restraint system carries a certain risk of injury from the system itself. It is therefore vit... more Any restraint system carries a certain risk of injury from the system itself. It is therefore vital to know the balance of that risk compared to the overall benefits of the system. The objectives of this study were to address those questions by a thorough case review of in-depth real world cases to find problems associated with airbag deployment followed by examining the nature, frequency and mechanisms of AIS ≥ 2 head/face and chest injuries in European vehicles, with and without airbags. Belted and unbelted drivers were examined separately. The analysis considered only frontal impacts.

SAE Technical Paper Series, 2012

Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012