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Papers by alireza khosravi

In this paper, one of the most important parameters in performance evaluation and protocol design... more In this paper, one of the most important parameters in performance evaluation and protocol design of wireless networks, link excess life (LEL), is investigated. An analytical model for LEL is proposed and evaluated. Evaluation of the proposed model leads to the first closed form expression for the excess life PDF. The closed form expression affords ease of further evaluations, e.g., an interesting result is that the average excess life is infinite for the proposed model. The effect of relative velocity distribution on the link excess life PDF is also investigated. The superposition property of LEL is mentioned and used to explore a systematic method for evaluation of the effect of stationary or pausing nodes on link excess life as well as a general method to approximate the link excess life PDF for various relative velocity distributions. Moreover, the effect of the buffer zone on the link excess life PDF in topology control is also investigated analytically. A simulation framework is developed and extensive simulations are performed to validate the results

International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia, 2010

A 76-year-old woman with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) developed acute respiratory distr... more A 76-year-old woman with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) following an appearance of severe inflammatory symptoms in multiple synovial joints. Highdose pulse therapy with methylprednisolone induced a marked improvement in pulmonary conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature to show a causal relationship between ARDS and RA. We should be alert to the possibility that ARDS can occur as an acute-type pulmonary complication of RA, particularly when patients show rapid aggravation of rheumatic activity.

Applied Catalysis A-general

The semi-IPN hydrogels consisting of poly(methacrylic acid) and guar gum (GG) are prepared at roo... more The semi-IPN hydrogels consisting of poly(methacrylic acid) and guar gum (GG) are prepared at room temperature using water as solvent. 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is entrapped in the hydrogel in the synthesis of hydrogel and all entrapment efficiencies are found above 85%. The hydrogel shows excellent pH-sensitivity. It exhibited minimum swelling in an acidic pH medium through the formation of a complex hydrogen-bonded structure and maximal swelling due to the electrostatic repulsion due to the ionization of the carboxylic groups in pH 7.4 medium. The degradation in vitro shows that the degree of degradation (R%) depended on the concentration of cross-linking agent and content of GG. The hydrogel shows a minimum release of 5-ASA due to the complex hydrogen bonded structure of the hydrogels in the medium of pH 2.2. The enzymatic degradation of hydrogels by cecal bacteria can accelerate the release of 5-ASA entrapped in the hydrogel in pH 7.4 medium.

Introduction: There are numerous correlations between hypertension and the metabolic syndrome, al... more Introduction: There are numerous correlations between hypertension and the metabolic syndrome, although this is not always the case. The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its different phenotypes among hypertensive and normotensive subjects. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on a representative sample of adults living in 3 cities in Iran. Among the 12,514 subjects selected by multi-stage random sampling, 1736 (13.9%) were hypertensive. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome [according to the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III criteria] was significantly higher in hypertensive than normotensive subjects (51.6% versus 12.9%, respectively; OR, 7.15; 95% CI, 6.4 to 7.9). The metabolic syndrome was more prevalent in normotensive and hypertensive subjects living in urban areas than those living in rural areas (14.2% and 53.9% versus 9.5% and 45.6%, respectively, P <0.05). The mean age of hypertensive subjects, with or without the metabolic syndrome, was not significantly different (55.7 ± 12 years versus 55.4 ± 15.5 years, P = 0.6). Hypertension with the metabolic syndrome was more prevalent in women than men (72% versus 28% respectively, P <0.000), and in subjects living in urban areas than those in rural areas (75.1% versus 24.9%, respectively, P = 0.002). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate the need for metabolic screening in all hypertensive patients, and emphasise the importance of promoting primary and secondary prevention of high blood pressure and associated modifiable risk factors in order to counter the upcoming epidemic of non-communicable disease in developing countries.

European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation, 2008

Background: This study was undertaken to determine the association of serum C-reactive protein (C... more Background: This study was undertaken to determine the association of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) with generalized and abdominal obesity, body fat composition, the metabolic syndrome, and oxidative stress markers among young people. Methods: We conducted a population-based study of 512 young people, aged 10 -18 years. We obtained anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. Fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, CRP, malondialdehyde (MDA), and conjugated diene (CDE) were quantified. LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated for samples with TG <4.52 mmol/L Results: Mean triglycerides, waist and hip circumferences, percentage body fat, subcutaneous fat, and systolic blood pressure increased significantly with increasing body mass index (BMI). In contrast, the mean LDL and TC were higher in underweight than normal weight individuals, and then increased significantly from normal to higher BMI categories. Mean HDL cholesterol significantly decreased with increasing BMI. Overall, CRP, MDA, and CDE were significantly correlated with measures of abdominal obesity. Serum CRP, MDA, and CDE significantly increased in the upper quartiles of waist circumference. Study participants with higher CRP concentrations were more likely to have metabolic syndrome and high oxidative stress markers.

Cerebrovascular Diseases, 2007

sion rate might be increasing in Isfahan. A community-based stroke incidence study is needed to e... more sion rate might be increasing in Isfahan. A community-based stroke incidence study is needed to elucidate stroke epidemiology in Isfahan, Iran, as a Middle East country.

BACKGROUND: Enhancement of albumin exertion in urine increases the risk of renal and ischemic hea... more BACKGROUND: Enhancement of albumin exertion in urine increases the risk of renal and ischemic heart diseases (IHD). We assessed the association of urine albumin and sub-clinical IHD in a random sample of Iranian general population.

Asia-pacific Journal of Public Health, 2011

Objective. To investigate the effect of a comprehensive community trial on behavioral modificatio... more Objective. To investigate the effect of a comprehensive community trial on behavioral modification after 2 years of intervention. Methods. The interventions of this 6-year, comprehensive community-based study target the whole population, of nearly 2 180 000, living in 2 cities in Iran and are compared with another Iranian city considered as reference. Educational, environmental, and legislative interventions are being conducted at the population level. Results. From the baseline to the second year of evaluation of this study, the consumption of hydrogenated fat decreased significantly in the intervention community, but it remained nearly constant in the reference area. Meanwhile, the consumption of liquid oil increased in the intervention community, whereas it decreased in the reference area. The prevalence of current smoking and attempt to smoke decreased, respectively, in men and youths living in the intervention area but increased or remained constant in the reference area; however, no favorable change was seen for smoking among women. Leisure time physical activity increased in women and declined in men of both communities; the slopes of these changes were greater in the intervention area. Although the consumption of salty/fat snacks slightly decreased in the school students of the intervention area, it had a sharp increase in the reference area. Conclusion. This program succeeded in improving some aspects of lifestyle in its different target groups. The authors suggest that the synergy of activities intensified the dose of interventions and led to this improvement.

Jornal De Pediatria, 2005

Objective: To evaluate the cumulative prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk f... more Objective: To evaluate the cumulative prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors in a representative sample of Iranian adolescents.

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 2010

Objectives We aimed to evaluate the changes over time in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, an... more Objectives We aimed to evaluate the changes over time in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rate of hypertension in intervention and reference areas of a comprehensive community trial with reference area. Methods Data from independent sample surveys before and after implementation of the program (2001 vs.2007) were used to compare differences in the intervention and references areas over time. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg in non-diabetic patients and ≥130/80 mmHg in diabetic individuals and or taking antihypertensive medications. Interventional activities included educational strategies at population level as well as for hypertensive patients, their families and health professionals. Results The study population of the baseline survey included 6175 (48.7% males) in the interventional area and 6339 (51.3% male) in the reference area. The corresponding figures in the post-intervention phase was 4717 (49.3% male) in the interventional area and 4853 (50.7% male) individuals in the reference area. The prevalence of hypertension had a non-significant decrease from 20.5%to 19.6%, in the interventional area whereas in the reference area, it increased from 17.4% to 19.6% (P = 0.003). If we consider Bp ≥ 140/90 in diabetic and non-diabetic patients as hypertension definition, the prevalence of hypertension in the interventional areas had a non-significant decrease from 18.9% in 2001 to 17.8% in 2007, whereas in the reference area, it had a significant rise from 15.7% to 17.9% (P = 0.002) respectively. Awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension had better improvement in urban and rural part of the interventional area compared to reference area. The awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension increased significantly in the age groups of more than 40 years, as well as in all groups of body mass index in interventional areas without significant change in the reference area. Mean systolic blood pressure of study population in the interventional area decreased from 116.13 ±19.37 to 112.92 ± 18.27 mmHg (P < 0.001) without significant change in reference area. Conclusions This comprehensive and integrated program of interventions was effective in tackling with the prevalence of hypertension, and may improve the awareness, treatment and control rates of this disorder in a developing country setting.

International Journal of Public Health, 2007

Objective: To determine potential factors that may result in motivating the youths to adopt smoki... more Objective: To determine potential factors that may result in motivating the youths to adopt smoking behaviour Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 210 smoking and 217 non-smoking youths, aged 12–20 years. Results: The average age of starting cigarette and water pipe smoking was 14.5 ± 2.4 and 11.2 ± 1.5 years, respectively. The first experience with water pipe occurred mostly in the traditional teahouses for girls (54.8 %), and in family parties (48.2 %) for boys. In both genders, the first place of cigarette smoking was at friends’ parties (56.8 % for boys, and 52.1 % for girls) and then followed by traditional teahouses (43.2 % for boys, and 47.9 % for girls). The most common reasons youths have picked up cigarette smoking were mainly to attract attention from friends, family inattention and poverty. Meanwhile, nearly all water pipe smokers reported using it for fun. The strongest predictors of smoking among boys were respectively father’s occupation, having a smoking mother, and the number of smoking peers, whereas among girls, these factors were respectively having a smoking mother, frequenting traditional teahouses, and the number of smoking peers. Lower education of fathers and divorce among parents increased the probability of smoking in both genders, especially girls. School/work failure, as well as troubled relationship with parents and siblings were the other significant predictors of smoking in both genders, notably in girls. Conclusion: Public health control measures should be adopted not only to curtail cigarette use, but also to address water-pipe use. Preventive measures should be regarded as a high priority for socio-economically disadvantaged families.

Jornal De Pediatria, 2005

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência cumulativa dos fatores de risco para a doença cardiovascular ater... more OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência cumulativa dos fatores de risco para a doença cardiovascular aterosclerótica numa amostra de adolescentes iranianos. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 1000 meninas e 1000 meninos, com idade entre 11 e 18 anos, selecionados através de uma amostragem aleatória multietapas à base de conglomerados das áreas urbana e rural de três cidades iranianas. RESULTADOS: As taxas de prevalência de inatividade física, dislipidemia, tabagismo, pressão arterial alta e obesidade (índice de massa corporal >P95) foram 66,6, 23,7, 8,7, 5,7 e 2,2%, respectivamente. Dentre os indivíduos estudados, 79,1% apresentaram pelo menos um e 24,6% tiveram dois fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular. A prevalência de inatividade física foi significativamente menor entre os meninos que entre as meninas [53,9 contra 79,3%, respectivamente, OR IC95%, 0,44 (0,39-0,51)]. A prevalência de tabagismo foi maior nos meninos que nas meninas [13,1 contra 4,2%, respectivamente, OR IC95%, 3,4 (2,4-4,9)]. CONCLUSÃO: Considerando a alta prevalência de fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular em adolescentes, deve-se garantir intervenções que sejam adequadas à idade e sensíveis a aspectos culturais para que medidas preventivas possam ser tomadas em tempo hábil.

Atherosclerosis Supplements, 2009

Public Health Nutrition, 2009

Objective: The aim of the present study was to develop reference data for the Iranian population ... more Objective: The aim of the present study was to develop reference data for the Iranian population for anthropometric values and cardiometabolic data in comparison with those in Americans, as representative of a Western population. Design: The present cross-sectional survey, conducted as part of the baseline survey of a community-based interventional study (the Isfahan Healthy Heart Programme), used a two-stage clustering design and was conducted in 12 600 randomly selected adults ($19 years of age) and 2000 adolescents (aged 11-18 years) living in three cities in the central part of Iran. For comparison with a Western population, comparable data for Americans were derived from the data sets of the Second and Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES II and NHANES III). Results: Iranian women had significantly higher mean BMI, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and waist:hip ratio (WHR) than Iranian men and American women; but the mean BMI of Iranian men was lower than that of American men. The mean serum TAG level of Iranian men was significantly higher than that of Iranian women, whereas the mean serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were significantly higher in Iranian women than in men. The Iranian population had lower mean TC, LDL-C and TAG levels than the Americans, but such difference was not documented for HDL-C. Iranian adolescents had significantly lower mean BMI and higher mean TAG than did American adolescents. Conclusions: Our findings provide serious evidence for health professionals and policy makers about the very high prevalence of generalized and abdominal obesity in Iran. Controlling this emerging health problem, notably in women, should become a national priority in Iran and necessitates comprehensive public health programmes.

In this paper, one of the most important parameters in performance evaluation and protocol design... more In this paper, one of the most important parameters in performance evaluation and protocol design of wireless networks, link excess life (LEL), is investigated. An analytical model for LEL is proposed and evaluated. Evaluation of the proposed model leads to the first closed form expression for the excess life PDF. The closed form expression affords ease of further evaluations, e.g., an interesting result is that the average excess life is infinite for the proposed model. The effect of relative velocity distribution on the link excess life PDF is also investigated. The superposition property of LEL is mentioned and used to explore a systematic method for evaluation of the effect of stationary or pausing nodes on link excess life as well as a general method to approximate the link excess life PDF for various relative velocity distributions. Moreover, the effect of the buffer zone on the link excess life PDF in topology control is also investigated analytically. A simulation framework is developed and extensive simulations are performed to validate the results

International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia, 2010

A 76-year-old woman with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) developed acute respiratory distr... more A 76-year-old woman with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) following an appearance of severe inflammatory symptoms in multiple synovial joints. Highdose pulse therapy with methylprednisolone induced a marked improvement in pulmonary conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature to show a causal relationship between ARDS and RA. We should be alert to the possibility that ARDS can occur as an acute-type pulmonary complication of RA, particularly when patients show rapid aggravation of rheumatic activity.

Applied Catalysis A-general

The semi-IPN hydrogels consisting of poly(methacrylic acid) and guar gum (GG) are prepared at roo... more The semi-IPN hydrogels consisting of poly(methacrylic acid) and guar gum (GG) are prepared at room temperature using water as solvent. 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is entrapped in the hydrogel in the synthesis of hydrogel and all entrapment efficiencies are found above 85%. The hydrogel shows excellent pH-sensitivity. It exhibited minimum swelling in an acidic pH medium through the formation of a complex hydrogen-bonded structure and maximal swelling due to the electrostatic repulsion due to the ionization of the carboxylic groups in pH 7.4 medium. The degradation in vitro shows that the degree of degradation (R%) depended on the concentration of cross-linking agent and content of GG. The hydrogel shows a minimum release of 5-ASA due to the complex hydrogen bonded structure of the hydrogels in the medium of pH 2.2. The enzymatic degradation of hydrogels by cecal bacteria can accelerate the release of 5-ASA entrapped in the hydrogel in pH 7.4 medium.

Introduction: There are numerous correlations between hypertension and the metabolic syndrome, al... more Introduction: There are numerous correlations between hypertension and the metabolic syndrome, although this is not always the case. The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its different phenotypes among hypertensive and normotensive subjects. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on a representative sample of adults living in 3 cities in Iran. Among the 12,514 subjects selected by multi-stage random sampling, 1736 (13.9%) were hypertensive. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome [according to the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III criteria] was significantly higher in hypertensive than normotensive subjects (51.6% versus 12.9%, respectively; OR, 7.15; 95% CI, 6.4 to 7.9). The metabolic syndrome was more prevalent in normotensive and hypertensive subjects living in urban areas than those living in rural areas (14.2% and 53.9% versus 9.5% and 45.6%, respectively, P <0.05). The mean age of hypertensive subjects, with or without the metabolic syndrome, was not significantly different (55.7 ± 12 years versus 55.4 ± 15.5 years, P = 0.6). Hypertension with the metabolic syndrome was more prevalent in women than men (72% versus 28% respectively, P <0.000), and in subjects living in urban areas than those in rural areas (75.1% versus 24.9%, respectively, P = 0.002). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate the need for metabolic screening in all hypertensive patients, and emphasise the importance of promoting primary and secondary prevention of high blood pressure and associated modifiable risk factors in order to counter the upcoming epidemic of non-communicable disease in developing countries.

European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation, 2008

Background: This study was undertaken to determine the association of serum C-reactive protein (C... more Background: This study was undertaken to determine the association of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) with generalized and abdominal obesity, body fat composition, the metabolic syndrome, and oxidative stress markers among young people. Methods: We conducted a population-based study of 512 young people, aged 10 -18 years. We obtained anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. Fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, CRP, malondialdehyde (MDA), and conjugated diene (CDE) were quantified. LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated for samples with TG <4.52 mmol/L Results: Mean triglycerides, waist and hip circumferences, percentage body fat, subcutaneous fat, and systolic blood pressure increased significantly with increasing body mass index (BMI). In contrast, the mean LDL and TC were higher in underweight than normal weight individuals, and then increased significantly from normal to higher BMI categories. Mean HDL cholesterol significantly decreased with increasing BMI. Overall, CRP, MDA, and CDE were significantly correlated with measures of abdominal obesity. Serum CRP, MDA, and CDE significantly increased in the upper quartiles of waist circumference. Study participants with higher CRP concentrations were more likely to have metabolic syndrome and high oxidative stress markers.

Cerebrovascular Diseases, 2007

sion rate might be increasing in Isfahan. A community-based stroke incidence study is needed to e... more sion rate might be increasing in Isfahan. A community-based stroke incidence study is needed to elucidate stroke epidemiology in Isfahan, Iran, as a Middle East country.

BACKGROUND: Enhancement of albumin exertion in urine increases the risk of renal and ischemic hea... more BACKGROUND: Enhancement of albumin exertion in urine increases the risk of renal and ischemic heart diseases (IHD). We assessed the association of urine albumin and sub-clinical IHD in a random sample of Iranian general population.

Asia-pacific Journal of Public Health, 2011

Objective. To investigate the effect of a comprehensive community trial on behavioral modificatio... more Objective. To investigate the effect of a comprehensive community trial on behavioral modification after 2 years of intervention. Methods. The interventions of this 6-year, comprehensive community-based study target the whole population, of nearly 2 180 000, living in 2 cities in Iran and are compared with another Iranian city considered as reference. Educational, environmental, and legislative interventions are being conducted at the population level. Results. From the baseline to the second year of evaluation of this study, the consumption of hydrogenated fat decreased significantly in the intervention community, but it remained nearly constant in the reference area. Meanwhile, the consumption of liquid oil increased in the intervention community, whereas it decreased in the reference area. The prevalence of current smoking and attempt to smoke decreased, respectively, in men and youths living in the intervention area but increased or remained constant in the reference area; however, no favorable change was seen for smoking among women. Leisure time physical activity increased in women and declined in men of both communities; the slopes of these changes were greater in the intervention area. Although the consumption of salty/fat snacks slightly decreased in the school students of the intervention area, it had a sharp increase in the reference area. Conclusion. This program succeeded in improving some aspects of lifestyle in its different target groups. The authors suggest that the synergy of activities intensified the dose of interventions and led to this improvement.

Jornal De Pediatria, 2005

Objective: To evaluate the cumulative prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk f... more Objective: To evaluate the cumulative prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors in a representative sample of Iranian adolescents.

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 2010

Objectives We aimed to evaluate the changes over time in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, an... more Objectives We aimed to evaluate the changes over time in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rate of hypertension in intervention and reference areas of a comprehensive community trial with reference area. Methods Data from independent sample surveys before and after implementation of the program (2001 vs.2007) were used to compare differences in the intervention and references areas over time. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg in non-diabetic patients and ≥130/80 mmHg in diabetic individuals and or taking antihypertensive medications. Interventional activities included educational strategies at population level as well as for hypertensive patients, their families and health professionals. Results The study population of the baseline survey included 6175 (48.7% males) in the interventional area and 6339 (51.3% male) in the reference area. The corresponding figures in the post-intervention phase was 4717 (49.3% male) in the interventional area and 4853 (50.7% male) individuals in the reference area. The prevalence of hypertension had a non-significant decrease from 20.5%to 19.6%, in the interventional area whereas in the reference area, it increased from 17.4% to 19.6% (P = 0.003). If we consider Bp ≥ 140/90 in diabetic and non-diabetic patients as hypertension definition, the prevalence of hypertension in the interventional areas had a non-significant decrease from 18.9% in 2001 to 17.8% in 2007, whereas in the reference area, it had a significant rise from 15.7% to 17.9% (P = 0.002) respectively. Awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension had better improvement in urban and rural part of the interventional area compared to reference area. The awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension increased significantly in the age groups of more than 40 years, as well as in all groups of body mass index in interventional areas without significant change in the reference area. Mean systolic blood pressure of study population in the interventional area decreased from 116.13 ±19.37 to 112.92 ± 18.27 mmHg (P < 0.001) without significant change in reference area. Conclusions This comprehensive and integrated program of interventions was effective in tackling with the prevalence of hypertension, and may improve the awareness, treatment and control rates of this disorder in a developing country setting.

International Journal of Public Health, 2007

Objective: To determine potential factors that may result in motivating the youths to adopt smoki... more Objective: To determine potential factors that may result in motivating the youths to adopt smoking behaviour Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 210 smoking and 217 non-smoking youths, aged 12–20 years. Results: The average age of starting cigarette and water pipe smoking was 14.5 ± 2.4 and 11.2 ± 1.5 years, respectively. The first experience with water pipe occurred mostly in the traditional teahouses for girls (54.8 %), and in family parties (48.2 %) for boys. In both genders, the first place of cigarette smoking was at friends’ parties (56.8 % for boys, and 52.1 % for girls) and then followed by traditional teahouses (43.2 % for boys, and 47.9 % for girls). The most common reasons youths have picked up cigarette smoking were mainly to attract attention from friends, family inattention and poverty. Meanwhile, nearly all water pipe smokers reported using it for fun. The strongest predictors of smoking among boys were respectively father’s occupation, having a smoking mother, and the number of smoking peers, whereas among girls, these factors were respectively having a smoking mother, frequenting traditional teahouses, and the number of smoking peers. Lower education of fathers and divorce among parents increased the probability of smoking in both genders, especially girls. School/work failure, as well as troubled relationship with parents and siblings were the other significant predictors of smoking in both genders, notably in girls. Conclusion: Public health control measures should be adopted not only to curtail cigarette use, but also to address water-pipe use. Preventive measures should be regarded as a high priority for socio-economically disadvantaged families.

Jornal De Pediatria, 2005

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência cumulativa dos fatores de risco para a doença cardiovascular ater... more OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência cumulativa dos fatores de risco para a doença cardiovascular aterosclerótica numa amostra de adolescentes iranianos. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 1000 meninas e 1000 meninos, com idade entre 11 e 18 anos, selecionados através de uma amostragem aleatória multietapas à base de conglomerados das áreas urbana e rural de três cidades iranianas. RESULTADOS: As taxas de prevalência de inatividade física, dislipidemia, tabagismo, pressão arterial alta e obesidade (índice de massa corporal >P95) foram 66,6, 23,7, 8,7, 5,7 e 2,2%, respectivamente. Dentre os indivíduos estudados, 79,1% apresentaram pelo menos um e 24,6% tiveram dois fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular. A prevalência de inatividade física foi significativamente menor entre os meninos que entre as meninas [53,9 contra 79,3%, respectivamente, OR IC95%, 0,44 (0,39-0,51)]. A prevalência de tabagismo foi maior nos meninos que nas meninas [13,1 contra 4,2%, respectivamente, OR IC95%, 3,4 (2,4-4,9)]. CONCLUSÃO: Considerando a alta prevalência de fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular em adolescentes, deve-se garantir intervenções que sejam adequadas à idade e sensíveis a aspectos culturais para que medidas preventivas possam ser tomadas em tempo hábil.

Atherosclerosis Supplements, 2009

Public Health Nutrition, 2009

Objective: The aim of the present study was to develop reference data for the Iranian population ... more Objective: The aim of the present study was to develop reference data for the Iranian population for anthropometric values and cardiometabolic data in comparison with those in Americans, as representative of a Western population. Design: The present cross-sectional survey, conducted as part of the baseline survey of a community-based interventional study (the Isfahan Healthy Heart Programme), used a two-stage clustering design and was conducted in 12 600 randomly selected adults ($19 years of age) and 2000 adolescents (aged 11-18 years) living in three cities in the central part of Iran. For comparison with a Western population, comparable data for Americans were derived from the data sets of the Second and Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES II and NHANES III). Results: Iranian women had significantly higher mean BMI, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and waist:hip ratio (WHR) than Iranian men and American women; but the mean BMI of Iranian men was lower than that of American men. The mean serum TAG level of Iranian men was significantly higher than that of Iranian women, whereas the mean serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were significantly higher in Iranian women than in men. The Iranian population had lower mean TC, LDL-C and TAG levels than the Americans, but such difference was not documented for HDL-C. Iranian adolescents had significantly lower mean BMI and higher mean TAG than did American adolescents. Conclusions: Our findings provide serious evidence for health professionals and policy makers about the very high prevalence of generalized and abdominal obesity in Iran. Controlling this emerging health problem, notably in women, should become a national priority in Iran and necessitates comprehensive public health programmes.