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Papers by angi voss

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

Term algebras have been widely used in the theory of abstract data types. Here, the concept of ca... more Term algebras have been widely used in the theory of abstract data types. Here, the concept of canonical term algebra is generalized to the notion of canonical term functor, which is useful for various aspects of abstract data type specifications. In particular, we show how canonical term functors provide a constraint mechanism in loose specifications and how they constitute a junction between axiomatic and constructive approaches. These concepts are the semantic base for the specification development language ASPIK which has been implemented as a core component of an integrated software development and verification system. 2. Preliminaries: Algebraic specifications A signature ~-= < S, Op > consists of a set S of sorts or types and an S* x S-sorted set Op of typed operation names, For op ~ Op the notation op: sj.,s n-)s means that op has argument sorts sv,,s n and target sort s. A ~.-algebra A = < {A s I s ~ S}, {oPA: Asl ×., x Asn-~ A s I op: si,.s n-) s ~ Op} > provides a data set or carrier A s for each sort s and an operation op A for each operation symbol op in Op. A ~.-homomorphism h: A-) A' is an S-sorted family of functions {hs: A s-) As'l s ~ S} such that h commutes with the algebra operations in A and A'. Alg(~.

Anhand von Ergebnissen aus dem FABEL-Projekt wird gezeigt, welche Beiträge Methoden der Künstlich... more Anhand von Ergebnissen aus dem FABEL-Projekt wird gezeigt, welche Beiträge Methoden der Künstlichen Intelligenz, insbesondere der Wissensverarbeitung beim Entwurf komplexer Gebäude leisten können. Exemplarisch werden spezialisierte wissensintensive Methoden, und allgemeine fallbasierte Methoden zum Retrieval und zur Wiederverwendung früherer Entwürfe vorgestellt. Es werden Fragen der Integration von Wissen, Fällen und Daten diskutiert. Der Prototyp des FABEL-Projekts verwendet die Metapher der virtuellen Baustelle, um die verschiedenen Methoden als Planungswerkzeuge in einem CAD-System integriert anzubieten. Ein Planungsmodell dient der zusätzlichen Orientierung des Planers. Die Ergebnisse sind interessant für den Entwurf komplexer Unikate, dürften aber auch als Zusatz zu elektronisch angebotenen Katalogen relevant sein.

MoMo is a language for operationalizing KADS-type models of expertise. It is embedded in Common L... more MoMo is a language for operationalizing KADS-type models of expertise. It is embedded in Common Lisp such that systems described in MoMo can be developed and run in the Lisp environment. MoMo relies on the Common Lisp Object System (CLOS) and its integration into the Common Lisp type system to describe problem solving methods in a domain-independent way. To connect such a problem-solving method to a particular domain,the abstract types and their generic operations have to be mapped to concrete ones. The semantics of inference structures was to some extent influenced by ideas from colored Petri nets [Jensen, 1987]. This report contains a larger example, the syntax, its interpretation, and the design rationale for MoMo.

Internet-Based Organizational Memory and Knowledge Management

In today’s electronic environments, knowledge is often captured through collections of documents ... more In today’s electronic environments, knowledge is often captured through collections of documents in email or news archives, bookmark lists, document servers, and shared workspaces. Insights drawn from the documents are seldom made explicit, although persons who work in teams, form a group, or belong to a community would greatly profit from sharing their knowledge. To improve this situation, the efforts to identify knowledge in the documents and, later, to quickly find a suitable piece of knowledge must be decreased, while the benefits of reusing the knowledge must be increased. Knowledge is a subject of many disciplines and has been given many definitions. Essentially, knowledge helps an actor (a person, agent or expert system) to perform a task, attain a goal or solve a problem. Knowledge management is concerned with capturing and identifying knowledge, organising it, and distributing and accessing the knowledge. Knowledge can be passed through observation, communication and docume...

Reasoning with Complex Cases, 1997

In this book we will give a lot of examples to illustrate the CBR issues and methods discussed. M... more In this book we will give a lot of examples to illustrate the CBR issues and methods discussed. Many of the examples given come from the FABEL project and its application domain, that is architectural design. In this chapter we introduce this domain.

Reasoning with Complex Cases, 1997

Most existing CBR systems focus on one particular issue, e.g. a retrieval or a reuse method. Ther... more Most existing CBR systems focus on one particular issue, e.g. a retrieval or a reuse method. Therefore no unusual questions of system architecture arise. If however many methods are to be combined, this will lead to problems. FABEL PROTOTYPE is the only known CBR system combining a bunch of quite diverse methods. Therefore, this part of the book on integrated systems is predominantly devoted to FABEL PROTOTYPE. In the present chapter, we deal with questions of knowledge acquisition for complex CBR systems and with general problems of CBR architectures and we illustrate the FABEL PROTOTYPE solution in a non-technical overview.

Reasoning with Complex Cases, 1997

It is hard to capture geometric relationships by means of attributes and attribute values; it is ... more It is hard to capture geometric relationships by means of attributes and attribute values; it is even harder and in most cases practically impossible to base retrieval on such a description since the names of the involved objects are irrelevant and mostly unknown; what matters are the relationships between corresponding objects in the query and source cases. Therefore one has to develop specialized retrieval methods.

... Authors: Friedrich Gebhardt, GMD/FIT, Sankft Augustin, Germany. Angi Voß, GMD/FIT, Sankft Aug... more ... Authors: Friedrich Gebhardt, GMD/FIT, Sankft Augustin, Germany. Angi Voß, GMD/FIT, Sankft Augustin, Germany. Wolfgang Gräther, GMD/FIT, Sankft Augustin, Germany. BarbaraSchmidt-Belz, GMD/FIT, Sankft Augustin, Germany. 1997 Book. Bibliometrics. ...

... Lateron, methods for other problem solving tasks were developed in the generic task framework... more ... Lateron, methods for other problem solving tasks were developed in the generic task framework [Chandrasekaran, 1988] and in the Role-Limiting-Method approach [Marcus, 1988] eg MOLE and CSRL for diagnosis, SALT for configuration, or DSPL for design. ...

KADS: Knowledge Acquisition and Design …, 1992

... The need for explicit and higher-level descriptions of problem solving methods arose in knowl... more ... The need for explicit and higher-level descriptions of problem solving methods arose in knowl-edge acquisition [Wielinga and Breuker, 1986] [Marcus, 1988], in attempts to reuse knowledge bases [Chandrasekaran, 1986] and in research on explanations [Neches et al., 1985 ...

Environmental Informatics …, 2002

In der Abteilung Wissensinformatik am Fraunhofer Institut AIS beschäftigen wir uns mit elektronis... more In der Abteilung Wissensinformatik am Fraunhofer Institut AIS beschäftigen wir uns mit elektronischen Prozessen als Mittel der Wissenskommunikation. Per E-Mail werden immer mehr Informationen, Argumente und Erfahrungen ausgetauscht, Entscheidungen vorbereitet und Probleme gelöst. Elektronische Medien werden auch zunehmend von Erfahrungsund Interessengemeinschaften genutzt. Je verstreuter die Gemeinschaft, umso eher entstehen Wissensbasen, in denen Personen eng mit Dokumenten verknüpft werden, damit man möglichst schnell an den richtigen Ansprechpartner, den richtigen Hinweis oder das richtige Dokument gelangt. Beim gemeinsamen computergestützten Lernen geht es unter anderem darum, kritisches Denken, den Austausch von Standpunkten, das Argumentieren, Entscheiden und Problemlösen in der Gruppe zu erlernen.

In software engineering, the quality of processes and their models is of utmost importance for th... more In software engineering, the quality of processes and their models is of utmost importance for the quality of the software products developed. Nevertheless, many organizations neglect these processes and leave the knowledge about them in the heads of their experts. In this paper we present the indiGo method for eParticipative Process Learning based on eDiscussions, Lessons Learned, text mining, and process evolution. indiGo helps an organization to learn about their processes and process modeling techniques, and enables it to collect valuable experiences from process users. Besides presenting indiGo itself, the results of a case study where two processes were introduced using indiGo are described. The results indicate that processes introduced and modeled with process user participation lead to process models with higher acceptance and better perceived quality.

Libraries, commercial sites and other large information sources on the web support their users th... more Libraries, commercial sites and other large information sources on the web support their users through facetted search and navigation. A facet corresponds to a dimension in a multidimensional information space. The users are offered values of the facets to refine the query. As the number of results is displayed with each option, the users know in advance how strongly the query will be constrained. Web portals have started to combine facet browsing with interactive maps and other visualizations. Although they can be “fascinating”, [Hearst 2008] wonders, they “... are visually engaging but take up a lot of screen space, so it is unclear what their ultimate uptake will be.” The poster will discuss further issues that arise when facets shall be combined with interactive geographic maps. The key issue is consistency between the geospatial facets, the content of the map, and the last query with its results. 1. As facets facilitate the users’ orientation and offer an alternative input mode...

Künstliche Intelligenz, 1996

AI Communications

In this paper we develop a conceptual modelling framework for knowledge-level reflection (KLR), i... more In this paper we develop a conceptual modelling framework for knowledge-level reflection (KLR), i.e, the modelling of tasks that require a self-representation of a knowledge system's own object-level problem solving tasks. This framework builds upon the KADS methodology for knowledge acquisition and design of knowledge systems [

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

Term algebras have been widely used in the theory of abstract data types. Here, the concept of ca... more Term algebras have been widely used in the theory of abstract data types. Here, the concept of canonical term algebra is generalized to the notion of canonical term functor, which is useful for various aspects of abstract data type specifications. In particular, we show how canonical term functors provide a constraint mechanism in loose specifications and how they constitute a junction between axiomatic and constructive approaches. These concepts are the semantic base for the specification development language ASPIK which has been implemented as a core component of an integrated software development and verification system. 2. Preliminaries: Algebraic specifications A signature ~-= < S, Op > consists of a set S of sorts or types and an S* x S-sorted set Op of typed operation names, For op ~ Op the notation op: sj.,s n-)s means that op has argument sorts sv,,s n and target sort s. A ~.-algebra A = < {A s I s ~ S}, {oPA: Asl ×., x Asn-~ A s I op: si,.s n-) s ~ Op} > provides a data set or carrier A s for each sort s and an operation op A for each operation symbol op in Op. A ~.-homomorphism h: A-) A' is an S-sorted family of functions {hs: A s-) As'l s ~ S} such that h commutes with the algebra operations in A and A'. Alg(~.

Anhand von Ergebnissen aus dem FABEL-Projekt wird gezeigt, welche Beiträge Methoden der Künstlich... more Anhand von Ergebnissen aus dem FABEL-Projekt wird gezeigt, welche Beiträge Methoden der Künstlichen Intelligenz, insbesondere der Wissensverarbeitung beim Entwurf komplexer Gebäude leisten können. Exemplarisch werden spezialisierte wissensintensive Methoden, und allgemeine fallbasierte Methoden zum Retrieval und zur Wiederverwendung früherer Entwürfe vorgestellt. Es werden Fragen der Integration von Wissen, Fällen und Daten diskutiert. Der Prototyp des FABEL-Projekts verwendet die Metapher der virtuellen Baustelle, um die verschiedenen Methoden als Planungswerkzeuge in einem CAD-System integriert anzubieten. Ein Planungsmodell dient der zusätzlichen Orientierung des Planers. Die Ergebnisse sind interessant für den Entwurf komplexer Unikate, dürften aber auch als Zusatz zu elektronisch angebotenen Katalogen relevant sein.

MoMo is a language for operationalizing KADS-type models of expertise. It is embedded in Common L... more MoMo is a language for operationalizing KADS-type models of expertise. It is embedded in Common Lisp such that systems described in MoMo can be developed and run in the Lisp environment. MoMo relies on the Common Lisp Object System (CLOS) and its integration into the Common Lisp type system to describe problem solving methods in a domain-independent way. To connect such a problem-solving method to a particular domain,the abstract types and their generic operations have to be mapped to concrete ones. The semantics of inference structures was to some extent influenced by ideas from colored Petri nets [Jensen, 1987]. This report contains a larger example, the syntax, its interpretation, and the design rationale for MoMo.

Internet-Based Organizational Memory and Knowledge Management

In today’s electronic environments, knowledge is often captured through collections of documents ... more In today’s electronic environments, knowledge is often captured through collections of documents in email or news archives, bookmark lists, document servers, and shared workspaces. Insights drawn from the documents are seldom made explicit, although persons who work in teams, form a group, or belong to a community would greatly profit from sharing their knowledge. To improve this situation, the efforts to identify knowledge in the documents and, later, to quickly find a suitable piece of knowledge must be decreased, while the benefits of reusing the knowledge must be increased. Knowledge is a subject of many disciplines and has been given many definitions. Essentially, knowledge helps an actor (a person, agent or expert system) to perform a task, attain a goal or solve a problem. Knowledge management is concerned with capturing and identifying knowledge, organising it, and distributing and accessing the knowledge. Knowledge can be passed through observation, communication and docume...

Reasoning with Complex Cases, 1997

In this book we will give a lot of examples to illustrate the CBR issues and methods discussed. M... more In this book we will give a lot of examples to illustrate the CBR issues and methods discussed. Many of the examples given come from the FABEL project and its application domain, that is architectural design. In this chapter we introduce this domain.

Reasoning with Complex Cases, 1997

Most existing CBR systems focus on one particular issue, e.g. a retrieval or a reuse method. Ther... more Most existing CBR systems focus on one particular issue, e.g. a retrieval or a reuse method. Therefore no unusual questions of system architecture arise. If however many methods are to be combined, this will lead to problems. FABEL PROTOTYPE is the only known CBR system combining a bunch of quite diverse methods. Therefore, this part of the book on integrated systems is predominantly devoted to FABEL PROTOTYPE. In the present chapter, we deal with questions of knowledge acquisition for complex CBR systems and with general problems of CBR architectures and we illustrate the FABEL PROTOTYPE solution in a non-technical overview.

Reasoning with Complex Cases, 1997

It is hard to capture geometric relationships by means of attributes and attribute values; it is ... more It is hard to capture geometric relationships by means of attributes and attribute values; it is even harder and in most cases practically impossible to base retrieval on such a description since the names of the involved objects are irrelevant and mostly unknown; what matters are the relationships between corresponding objects in the query and source cases. Therefore one has to develop specialized retrieval methods.

... Authors: Friedrich Gebhardt, GMD/FIT, Sankft Augustin, Germany. Angi Voß, GMD/FIT, Sankft Aug... more ... Authors: Friedrich Gebhardt, GMD/FIT, Sankft Augustin, Germany. Angi Voß, GMD/FIT, Sankft Augustin, Germany. Wolfgang Gräther, GMD/FIT, Sankft Augustin, Germany. BarbaraSchmidt-Belz, GMD/FIT, Sankft Augustin, Germany. 1997 Book. Bibliometrics. ...

... Lateron, methods for other problem solving tasks were developed in the generic task framework... more ... Lateron, methods for other problem solving tasks were developed in the generic task framework [Chandrasekaran, 1988] and in the Role-Limiting-Method approach [Marcus, 1988] eg MOLE and CSRL for diagnosis, SALT for configuration, or DSPL for design. ...

KADS: Knowledge Acquisition and Design …, 1992

... The need for explicit and higher-level descriptions of problem solving methods arose in knowl... more ... The need for explicit and higher-level descriptions of problem solving methods arose in knowl-edge acquisition [Wielinga and Breuker, 1986] [Marcus, 1988], in attempts to reuse knowledge bases [Chandrasekaran, 1986] and in research on explanations [Neches et al., 1985 ...

Environmental Informatics …, 2002

In der Abteilung Wissensinformatik am Fraunhofer Institut AIS beschäftigen wir uns mit elektronis... more In der Abteilung Wissensinformatik am Fraunhofer Institut AIS beschäftigen wir uns mit elektronischen Prozessen als Mittel der Wissenskommunikation. Per E-Mail werden immer mehr Informationen, Argumente und Erfahrungen ausgetauscht, Entscheidungen vorbereitet und Probleme gelöst. Elektronische Medien werden auch zunehmend von Erfahrungsund Interessengemeinschaften genutzt. Je verstreuter die Gemeinschaft, umso eher entstehen Wissensbasen, in denen Personen eng mit Dokumenten verknüpft werden, damit man möglichst schnell an den richtigen Ansprechpartner, den richtigen Hinweis oder das richtige Dokument gelangt. Beim gemeinsamen computergestützten Lernen geht es unter anderem darum, kritisches Denken, den Austausch von Standpunkten, das Argumentieren, Entscheiden und Problemlösen in der Gruppe zu erlernen.

In software engineering, the quality of processes and their models is of utmost importance for th... more In software engineering, the quality of processes and their models is of utmost importance for the quality of the software products developed. Nevertheless, many organizations neglect these processes and leave the knowledge about them in the heads of their experts. In this paper we present the indiGo method for eParticipative Process Learning based on eDiscussions, Lessons Learned, text mining, and process evolution. indiGo helps an organization to learn about their processes and process modeling techniques, and enables it to collect valuable experiences from process users. Besides presenting indiGo itself, the results of a case study where two processes were introduced using indiGo are described. The results indicate that processes introduced and modeled with process user participation lead to process models with higher acceptance and better perceived quality.

Libraries, commercial sites and other large information sources on the web support their users th... more Libraries, commercial sites and other large information sources on the web support their users through facetted search and navigation. A facet corresponds to a dimension in a multidimensional information space. The users are offered values of the facets to refine the query. As the number of results is displayed with each option, the users know in advance how strongly the query will be constrained. Web portals have started to combine facet browsing with interactive maps and other visualizations. Although they can be “fascinating”, [Hearst 2008] wonders, they “... are visually engaging but take up a lot of screen space, so it is unclear what their ultimate uptake will be.” The poster will discuss further issues that arise when facets shall be combined with interactive geographic maps. The key issue is consistency between the geospatial facets, the content of the map, and the last query with its results. 1. As facets facilitate the users’ orientation and offer an alternative input mode...

Künstliche Intelligenz, 1996

AI Communications

In this paper we develop a conceptual modelling framework for knowledge-level reflection (KLR), i... more In this paper we develop a conceptual modelling framework for knowledge-level reflection (KLR), i.e, the modelling of tasks that require a self-representation of a knowledge system's own object-level problem solving tasks. This framework builds upon the KADS methodology for knowledge acquisition and design of knowledge systems [