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International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020
Orodispersible Tablets (ODT) is a novel tableting technology which is formulated, and it overcome... more Orodispersible Tablets (ODT) is a novel tableting technology which is formulated, and it overcomes the difficulties of other multi compressed tablets. Telmisartan has a bioavailability of 42-100 percent and a 24-hour elimination half-life. It excretes the majority of drugs through the faeces, which accounts for 97 percent of total drug excretion. The objective of this research is to formulate and evaluate Telmisartan loaded ODT and to prove the enhancement of dissolution and bioavailability of Telmisartan. From the DSC studies, it was confirmed that Telmisartan and excipients used in the formulation are compatible to each other and suitable for the manufacturing process. Telmisartan loaded ODT was formulated by wet granulation technique and evaluated for powder characteristics and release characteristics. About 9 formulations were formulated in each ODT, and all the formulation obeys a good powder flow characteristic from the angle of repose, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ratio. All th...
International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020
Nifedipine has a bioavailability of 45-56 percent and a 2-hour elimination half-life. It has a 50... more Nifedipine has a bioavailability of 45-56 percent and a 2-hour elimination half-life. It has a 50 percent kidney excretion rate and a 5-15 percent bile excretion rate. The intention of this research is to invent and evaluate Nifedipine loaded ODT and to prove the enhancement of bioavailability. The 23 factorial optimization design exposed about the outcome of independent variable on dependent variable throughout the formulation of Nifedipine ODT. From the records, it was accomplished that there was a good correlation between Disintegration time, Dissolution rate and super disintegration concentration. The formulation F4 (Nifedipine ODT) has achieve the goal of ODT drug delivery with desired release characteristics, cost-effective, decreased dose, effective administration and hence improved patient compliance. The invivo pharmacokinetic studies reveals that increase in AUC0-∞; decrease in Tmax; increase in Cmax in Nifedipine ODT shows better bioavailability and faster duration of the...
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2018
Introduction: Direct compression is the process of choice for tablet manufacturing due to its sim... more Introduction: Direct compression is the process of choice for tablet manufacturing due to its simplicity and lesser steps involved. For direct compression, the material of interest should have compressibility and compactibility. The aim of present work to convert valsartan drug powder into crystals those are directly compressible material. Materials and Methods: For the crystallo-co-agglomeration technique process, a system of Dimethylformamide-Water-Dichloromethane as good solvent-poor solvent-bridging liquid is used. Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) was used to stabilize the system. Talc confirms its role as a bulking agent as well as the substrate for the spherical crystals. Results: The spherical crystals obtained in the presence of 0.5% HPC had greater particle size distribution, mechanical strength, compressibility, and compactibility in comparison to pure drug crystals. Drug content of the spherical crystals ranged around 84% and in vitro release for the optimized batch was 98.7...
The traditional vaginal drug delivery systems have limitations like poor bioadhesive properties; ... more The traditional vaginal drug delivery systems have limitations like poor bioadhesive properties; produce leakages, short residence time in the genitourinary tract and self-cleansing action of the vaginal tract. There is a need for the development of innovative vaginal formulation technology that fulfils certain criteria such as desirable product dispersion throughout the vagina, retention for intended intervals, and adequate release of drug and improvement of human reproductive health. With the advancement in pharmaceutical technology, the new vaginal drug delivery systems are taking the place of the traditional delivery systems such as pessaries, tablets, creams, foams, irrigations etc. Approaches used for the development of recent Vaginal Drug Delivery Systems include novel drug loaded inserts, hydro gel systems containing phase change polymers such as poloxamer exhibit sol–gel transition in response to body temperature, pH and specific ions, mucoadhesive drug delivery systems, li...
Recent advancements made in oral drug delivery technology prompted researchers and scientists to ... more Recent advancements made in oral drug delivery technology prompted researchers and scientists to develop oral disintegrating tablets with improved patient convenience and compliance. FDTs have gained considerable attention especially for those patients who have difficulties in swallowing owing to dysphasia, hand tremors problems and they have additional advantage for unconscious, young patients with underdeveloped muscular systems and nervous system. Novel FDT technologies address many patient and pharmaceutical needs such as enhanced life cycle management to convenient dosing particularly for pediatric, geriatric and psychiatric patients who have difficulty in swallowing tablet and capsules. Technologies used for manufacturing of FDTs are either conventional technologies or patented technologies. This review describes the various advantages, limitations, desired characteristics, formulation aspects, super-disintegrants employed; technologies developed for FDTs, evaluation tests, an...
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research
Transdermal Drug Delivery System can be considered as one of the most promising systems for the a... more Transdermal Drug Delivery System can be considered as one of the most promising systems for the application of some of the active medicament to the site, particularly for the localized action. Increasing numbers of drugs are being added to the list of therapeutic agents that can be delivered to the systemic circulation through skin. Attempts were made to prepare transdermal patches of Zaltoprofen. The transdermal patch was prepared by solvent casting technique employing mercury as substrate. Various formulations were designed using HPMC K-100M, PVA, and PVP K-30 as matrix polymers, individually or in combination. PEG 400 and Propylene Glycol (PG) were employed as plasticizers and were incorporated in the concentration of 30% w/w in the formulations. The patch was characterized by various physicochemical characteristics viz. folding endurance, surface flatness, tensile strength and percentage moisture content, along with the in vitro drug release and skin permeation. Percentage cumul...
Journal of chemical and pharmaceutical research, 2016
Phytosomes, are the tiny structures which serves as intermediate between the conventional and nov... more Phytosomes, are the tiny structures which serves as intermediate between the conventional and novel drug delivery system. These are the cells, which are able to carry themselves from a hydrophilic to the lipid environment of the cell membrane, which ultimately reaches the blood. The hydrophilic plant constituents, which find their application in skin disorders, anti-ageing possess and different type of carcinomas are difficult in processing into conventional delivery system and hence transformed into phytosomes. Phytosomes are the complexes prepared by mixing polyphenolic phytoconstituents and phosphatidylcholine in molar ratio. Phytosomes are superior to the conventional drug delivery systems in terms of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. Phytosomal delivery of the extracts of Ginkgo biloba, Grape seed, Green tea, Ginseng, etc. has been profitably used. Phytosomes have been refined for therapeutic uses like cardiovascular, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulator, anticancer...
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, 2017
Tablets have been choice of manufacturers over the years due to their comparatively low cost of m... more Tablets have been choice of manufacturers over the years due to their comparatively low cost of manufacturing, packaging, shipping, and ease of administration; also have better stability and can be considered virtually tamper proof. A major challenge in formulation development of the tablets extends from lower solubility of the active agent to the elaborated manufacturing procedures for obtaining a compressible granular material. Moreover, the validation and documentation increases, as the numbers of steps increases for an industrially acceptable granulation process. Spherical crystallization (SC) is a promising technique, which encompass the crystallization, agglomeration, and spheronization phenomenon in a single step. Initially, two methods, spherical agglomeration, and emulsion solvent diffusion, were suggested to get a desired result. Later on, the introduction of modified methods such as crystallo-co-agglomeration, ammonia diffusion system, and neutralization techniques overcame the limitations of the older techniques. Under controlled conditions such as solvent composition, mixing rate and temperature, spherical dense agglomerates cluster from particles. Application of the SC technique includes production of compacted spherical particles of drug having improved uniformity in shape and size of particles, good bulk density, better flow properties as well as better solubility so SC when used on commercial scale will bring down the production costs of pharmaceutical tablet and will increase revenue for the pharmaceutical industries in the competitive market. This review summarizes the technologies available for SC and also suggests the parameters for evaluation of a viable product.
International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020
Orodispersible Tablets (ODT) is a novel tableting technology which is formulated, and it overcome... more Orodispersible Tablets (ODT) is a novel tableting technology which is formulated, and it overcomes the difficulties of other multi compressed tablets. Telmisartan has a bioavailability of 42-100 percent and a 24-hour elimination half-life. It excretes the majority of drugs through the faeces, which accounts for 97 percent of total drug excretion. The objective of this research is to formulate and evaluate Telmisartan loaded ODT and to prove the enhancement of dissolution and bioavailability of Telmisartan. From the DSC studies, it was confirmed that Telmisartan and excipients used in the formulation are compatible to each other and suitable for the manufacturing process. Telmisartan loaded ODT was formulated by wet granulation technique and evaluated for powder characteristics and release characteristics. About 9 formulations were formulated in each ODT, and all the formulation obeys a good powder flow characteristic from the angle of repose, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ratio. All th...
International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020
Nifedipine has a bioavailability of 45-56 percent and a 2-hour elimination half-life. It has a 50... more Nifedipine has a bioavailability of 45-56 percent and a 2-hour elimination half-life. It has a 50 percent kidney excretion rate and a 5-15 percent bile excretion rate. The intention of this research is to invent and evaluate Nifedipine loaded ODT and to prove the enhancement of bioavailability. The 23 factorial optimization design exposed about the outcome of independent variable on dependent variable throughout the formulation of Nifedipine ODT. From the records, it was accomplished that there was a good correlation between Disintegration time, Dissolution rate and super disintegration concentration. The formulation F4 (Nifedipine ODT) has achieve the goal of ODT drug delivery with desired release characteristics, cost-effective, decreased dose, effective administration and hence improved patient compliance. The invivo pharmacokinetic studies reveals that increase in AUC0-∞; decrease in Tmax; increase in Cmax in Nifedipine ODT shows better bioavailability and faster duration of the...
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2018
Introduction: Direct compression is the process of choice for tablet manufacturing due to its sim... more Introduction: Direct compression is the process of choice for tablet manufacturing due to its simplicity and lesser steps involved. For direct compression, the material of interest should have compressibility and compactibility. The aim of present work to convert valsartan drug powder into crystals those are directly compressible material. Materials and Methods: For the crystallo-co-agglomeration technique process, a system of Dimethylformamide-Water-Dichloromethane as good solvent-poor solvent-bridging liquid is used. Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) was used to stabilize the system. Talc confirms its role as a bulking agent as well as the substrate for the spherical crystals. Results: The spherical crystals obtained in the presence of 0.5% HPC had greater particle size distribution, mechanical strength, compressibility, and compactibility in comparison to pure drug crystals. Drug content of the spherical crystals ranged around 84% and in vitro release for the optimized batch was 98.7...
The traditional vaginal drug delivery systems have limitations like poor bioadhesive properties; ... more The traditional vaginal drug delivery systems have limitations like poor bioadhesive properties; produce leakages, short residence time in the genitourinary tract and self-cleansing action of the vaginal tract. There is a need for the development of innovative vaginal formulation technology that fulfils certain criteria such as desirable product dispersion throughout the vagina, retention for intended intervals, and adequate release of drug and improvement of human reproductive health. With the advancement in pharmaceutical technology, the new vaginal drug delivery systems are taking the place of the traditional delivery systems such as pessaries, tablets, creams, foams, irrigations etc. Approaches used for the development of recent Vaginal Drug Delivery Systems include novel drug loaded inserts, hydro gel systems containing phase change polymers such as poloxamer exhibit sol–gel transition in response to body temperature, pH and specific ions, mucoadhesive drug delivery systems, li...
Recent advancements made in oral drug delivery technology prompted researchers and scientists to ... more Recent advancements made in oral drug delivery technology prompted researchers and scientists to develop oral disintegrating tablets with improved patient convenience and compliance. FDTs have gained considerable attention especially for those patients who have difficulties in swallowing owing to dysphasia, hand tremors problems and they have additional advantage for unconscious, young patients with underdeveloped muscular systems and nervous system. Novel FDT technologies address many patient and pharmaceutical needs such as enhanced life cycle management to convenient dosing particularly for pediatric, geriatric and psychiatric patients who have difficulty in swallowing tablet and capsules. Technologies used for manufacturing of FDTs are either conventional technologies or patented technologies. This review describes the various advantages, limitations, desired characteristics, formulation aspects, super-disintegrants employed; technologies developed for FDTs, evaluation tests, an...
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research
Transdermal Drug Delivery System can be considered as one of the most promising systems for the a... more Transdermal Drug Delivery System can be considered as one of the most promising systems for the application of some of the active medicament to the site, particularly for the localized action. Increasing numbers of drugs are being added to the list of therapeutic agents that can be delivered to the systemic circulation through skin. Attempts were made to prepare transdermal patches of Zaltoprofen. The transdermal patch was prepared by solvent casting technique employing mercury as substrate. Various formulations were designed using HPMC K-100M, PVA, and PVP K-30 as matrix polymers, individually or in combination. PEG 400 and Propylene Glycol (PG) were employed as plasticizers and were incorporated in the concentration of 30% w/w in the formulations. The patch was characterized by various physicochemical characteristics viz. folding endurance, surface flatness, tensile strength and percentage moisture content, along with the in vitro drug release and skin permeation. Percentage cumul...
Journal of chemical and pharmaceutical research, 2016
Phytosomes, are the tiny structures which serves as intermediate between the conventional and nov... more Phytosomes, are the tiny structures which serves as intermediate between the conventional and novel drug delivery system. These are the cells, which are able to carry themselves from a hydrophilic to the lipid environment of the cell membrane, which ultimately reaches the blood. The hydrophilic plant constituents, which find their application in skin disorders, anti-ageing possess and different type of carcinomas are difficult in processing into conventional delivery system and hence transformed into phytosomes. Phytosomes are the complexes prepared by mixing polyphenolic phytoconstituents and phosphatidylcholine in molar ratio. Phytosomes are superior to the conventional drug delivery systems in terms of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. Phytosomal delivery of the extracts of Ginkgo biloba, Grape seed, Green tea, Ginseng, etc. has been profitably used. Phytosomes have been refined for therapeutic uses like cardiovascular, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulator, anticancer...
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, 2017
Tablets have been choice of manufacturers over the years due to their comparatively low cost of m... more Tablets have been choice of manufacturers over the years due to their comparatively low cost of manufacturing, packaging, shipping, and ease of administration; also have better stability and can be considered virtually tamper proof. A major challenge in formulation development of the tablets extends from lower solubility of the active agent to the elaborated manufacturing procedures for obtaining a compressible granular material. Moreover, the validation and documentation increases, as the numbers of steps increases for an industrially acceptable granulation process. Spherical crystallization (SC) is a promising technique, which encompass the crystallization, agglomeration, and spheronization phenomenon in a single step. Initially, two methods, spherical agglomeration, and emulsion solvent diffusion, were suggested to get a desired result. Later on, the introduction of modified methods such as crystallo-co-agglomeration, ammonia diffusion system, and neutralization techniques overcame the limitations of the older techniques. Under controlled conditions such as solvent composition, mixing rate and temperature, spherical dense agglomerates cluster from particles. Application of the SC technique includes production of compacted spherical particles of drug having improved uniformity in shape and size of particles, good bulk density, better flow properties as well as better solubility so SC when used on commercial scale will bring down the production costs of pharmaceutical tablet and will increase revenue for the pharmaceutical industries in the competitive market. This review summarizes the technologies available for SC and also suggests the parameters for evaluation of a viable product.