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Papers by baratali rezapour

Urmia medical journal, Oct 15, 2010

Research Square (Research Square), Feb 24, 2022

Background: Smoking among adolescents and young adults is believed to be one of the most importan... more Background: Smoking among adolescents and young adults is believed to be one of the most important preventable health problems. The etiology of smoking is one of the most pivotal activities in designing prevention programs. The aim of this study is to determine the correlates between components of empowerment in the context of smoking prevention in adolescents. Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on 422 high school male students in Spring 2020. The data collection tool of this study was a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire containing demographic charectheristics, items related to various components of empowerment, and items related to the smoking preventive behavior(SPB). A linear regression model was used, where the "SPB" outcome variable assumed three possible values: Sensation Seeking, Problemsolving skills, Self-e cacy, Self-esteem, Dependence on group and Attitude towards smoking, while taking those variables reported in previous literature as independent variables. Results: The results revealed that 10.42% of the students were active smokers and 40.75% of them had the experience of smoking. The results also showed a positive and signi cant relation among problem

Research Square (Research Square), Jul 19, 2022

Background This study aimed to "determine the predictors of colorectal cancer screening intention... more Background This study aimed to "determine the predictors of colorectal cancer screening intention based on the integrated theory of planned behavior among average-risk individuals in Urmia". Identifying these predictors will help design and implement various interventions, including educational interventions, according to the needs of this group, thereby taking a step towards improving the colorectal cancer screening index. Methods The present cross-sectional study was performed on 410 individuals at average risk of colorectal cancer referring to the comprehensive health services centers of Urmia in Iran. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of two parts. The rst part captured the demographic information and medical history of the participants. The second part involved questions designed based on constructs of motivational phase of health action process approach, and theory of planned behavior, as well as behavioral intent to perform colorectal cancer screening. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results Outcome expectancies, risk perception, action self-e cacy, and normative beliefs, respectively had the largest impact and were signi cant and positive predictors of colorectal cancer screening intention. The study's conceptual framework explained about 36% of the variance of behavioral intention among the average-risk individuals in Urmia. Conclusions Constructs of motivational phase of health action process approach, and theory of planned behavior are valuable and appropriate to identify the factors affecting the intention to perform colorectal cancer screening as well as to design and implement educational interventions in this eld. The four constructs of outcome expectancies, risk perception, action self-e cacy, and normative beliefs are suggested to be integrated into all educational interventions designed and implemented to improve the colorectal cancer screening index.

African Journal of Microbiology Research, Apr 30, 2011

Duplicate stool specimens from 405 primary school attending students of Barandooz-Chay region of ... more Duplicate stool specimens from 405 primary school attending students of Barandooz-Chay region of Urmia district were tested for intestinal parasites. Besides, duplicate scotch tape slides were obtained and examined microscopically for Enterobius vermicularis and Taenia sp. eggs. A questionnaire containing demographic data was filled for every case, and the relationship between them and the parasitic infection was assayed. Overall, intestinal parasitic prevalence was 42.5%. Prevalence of Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba coli, Blastocystis hominis, Iodamoeba butschlii, Enterobius vermicularis and Hymenolepis nana was 20.5, 14.6, 13.3, 2.5, 10.6 and 0.2%, respectively. No statistic relation was proved between these infections, having tap water facility at home or family population (except for E. vermicularis), but there was a significant relationship between parents' education level and family population. According to relatively high prevalence of parasitic infections in the study field, it is necessary to increase hygienic and educational measures.

Frontiers in oncology, 2018

Despite declining colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality rates in the U.S., significant ... more Despite declining colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality rates in the U.S., significant geographic and racial disparities in CRC death rates remain. Differences in guideline-concordant CRC screening rates may explain some of these disparities. We aim to assess individual and neighborhood-level predictors of guideline-concordant CRC screening within two cohorts of individuals located within CRC mortality geographic hotspot regions in the U.S. A total of 36,901 participants from the Southern Community Cohort Study and 4,491 participants from the Ohio Appalachia CRC screening study were included in this study. Self-reported date of last CRC screening was used to determine if the participant was within guidelines for screening. Logistic regression models were utilized to determine the association of individual-level predictors, neighborhood deprivation, and residence in hotspot regions on the odds of being within guidelines for CRC screening. Lower household income, lack of hea...

Nursing and Midwifery Journal

Background & Aim: Lice infestation as a social stigma has been one of the health problems among s... more Background & Aim: Lice infestation as a social stigma has been one of the health problems among students. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of an educational intervention based on the health belief model on the promotion of head lice prevention behaviors in elementary school girls in 2020-2021. Materials & Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental interventional study. The studied population was 140 students of the fifth grade in Shahr-e rey (70 in each of two intervention and control groups) who were selected by two-stage cluster sampling method. The research data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability have been confirmed by Meshki et al. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS software version 20 using Kolmogorov Smirnov inferential statistics tests, descriptive statistical tests, and univariate analysis of covariance test. Results: The results of the analysis showed that before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the demographic and contextual variables between the two groups (p>0.05). Two months after the intervention, a significant difference was observed in the average scores of the variables of awareness and constructs of perceived sensitivity, perceived intensity, perceived benefits, perceived obstacles, self-efficacy, and behavior in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed the influence of the health belief model in promoting preventive behaviors regarding head lice. The results of this research can be useful and beneficial for health educators who are trying to design educational programs related to diseases.

International journal of preventive medicine, 2016

Obesity is a major problem in both developed and underdeveloped countries. The aim of this study ... more Obesity is a major problem in both developed and underdeveloped countries. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a physical education program (PEP) on promoting health belief model (HBM) scores, increasing physical activity (PA), and reducing obesity among Iranian high school students. This quasi-experimental study was accomplished at four high schools that were randomly divided into two groups of experiment (forty) and control (forty) male students in junior high schools in Urmia, Iran. Students in the experimental group received a PEP during 6 months. The essential parameters were used for evaluating the effects of educational program on HBM, PA, and body mass index (BMI) of students. After the intervention of 3 and 6 months, the experimental group showed a significant difference on the results of HBM constructs. According to the result of repeated-measures ANOVA, there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups about the components of...

Urmia medical journal, 2010

It is essential to inspect intestinal parasitic infections in developing countries regularly for ... more It is essential to inspect intestinal parasitic infections in developing countries regularly for designing control measures. Materials & Methods: Duplicate stool specimens and scotch tape slides from 405 primary school attending students of Barandooz Chay region of Urmia were collected and examined for presence of intestinal parasites by wet mount and formalin – ether (stool specimens) and Graham (scotch tapes) methods in Parasitology Laboratory of Urmia Faculty of Medicine Results : Overall intestinal parasitic prevalence was 42.5%. The prevalence of Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba coli, Blastocystis hominis, Iodamoeba butschlii, E. vermicularis and Hymenolepis nana was 20.5%, 14.6%, 13.3%, 2.5%, 10.6% and 0.2% respectively. No statistic relation was proved between these infections and having tap water facility at home or family population (except for E. vermicularis) but there was a distinct relation between parents’ education level and family population. Conclusion : According to rela...

Background:Smoking among adolescents and young adults is one of the most important preventable he... more Background:Smoking among adolescents and young adults is one of the most important preventable health problems. The etiology of smoking is one of the most important activities in designing prevention programs.The aim of this study was to detemine effective components of empowerment on smoking preventive behavior(SPB) in high school students in Urmia.Methods:This descriptive-analytical study carried out on 422 high school students. The data collection tool of this study was a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire containing demographic charectheristics, items related to various components of empowerment, and items related to the SPB. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods (frequency, mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression) in SPSS software with version 22.Results:The results showed that 10.42% of students were active smokers and 40.75% of them had the experience of smoking. The results also showed t...

1 Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Scien... more 1 Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. 2 Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. 3 Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, The Persian Gulf Tropical and Infectious Diseases Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box 3631, Bushehr, Iran.

Journal of Public Health International, Apr 7, 2020

Preventable factors such as infectious diseases (pneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria), malnutrition ... more Preventable factors such as infectious diseases (pneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria), malnutrition and neonatal complications are still the leading cause of child mortality worldwide [1]. In 2013, it is estimated that 6.3 million babies born worldwide died before the age of 5, and approximately 9.2% of these deaths were due to diarrheal diseases [2, 3] in simple, accessible ways, and effective treatment can reduce diarrhea-related mortality and make hospital admissions unnecessary, and the role of mothers is the most importance [4]. Since the introduction of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) in 1979, mortality has reduced. Diarrhea has had a steady downward trend [5]. If mothers who have children under 5 years of age, used correctly ORS, they could easily resolve the problem of dehydration in acute diarrhea [6]. Mothers didn't use correctly ORS because of their Low literacy and lack of knowledge and wrong attitude about ORT [7]. Some health care workers provide mothers' required equipment, regardless of their educational needs, and mothers may not use ORS. In this study, health workers identified mothers' educational needs and subsequently they trained them about using ORS at home in acute diarrhea in children under 5 years of age.

ranian Journal of Health Education and Health Promotion

Background and Objective: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPI) with many complications cause stu... more Background and Objective: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPI) with many complications cause stunted growth in children. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of storytelling in the prevention of parasitic-intestinal re-infection in primary school students in villages of Urmia. Materials and Methods: The present study is a quasi-experimental study that was performed on 400 primary school students in rural areas of Urmia in 2012. After performing fecal testing of all students and determining the needs of educational intervention, about the prevention of parasitic-intestinal re-infection was taught to the experimental group using storytelling method. Data were collected in two stages before and 6 months after the end of the educational intervention by a questionnaire using SPSS software, version 16 and Chi-square test was used to analyze the data. Results: The findings showed a significant reduction in re-infection with parasiticintestinal infections in the experimental group compared to the control group after educational intervention through storytelling. Also, the level of knowledge of the experimental group increased after the educational intervention compared to the control group. Chi-square test with p <0.025 showed that there is a significant relationship between educational intervention through storytelling and reduction of IPI in students. Conclusion: Storytelling method is effective in reducing the risk of re-infection of IPI among students. Therefore, storytelling for students in the field of prevention against IPI is recommended.

International Journal of Coronaviruses

One of the key steps in determining how to prevent the viral disease is to identify the virus. Th... more One of the key steps in determining how to prevent the viral disease is to identify the virus. The virus lives in different ways and in different environments. It lives in the air, in the sea, on plants, animals and objects and humans. Some people put humans on the path of developing zoonotic diseases that are specific to animals but also involve people with unhealthy behaviors. In the food chain, each animal is hunted by other animals and feeds on other animals or plants and other objects. Bacteriophages are viruses that kill bacteria. And there are creatures that kill viruses and this is the biological struggle with viruses. When the virus enters the body, it performs a series of activities that lead to a series of symptoms in the patient. These symptoms include the behavior of viruses. These are among the ecological and behavioral characteristics of viruses that need to be fully understood in order to limit viruses and deal with epidemics and pandemics. In this study, we try to r...

Global Journal of Health Science, 2016

OBJECTIVE: Obesity is an important concern for both adults and students. The study evaluates the ... more OBJECTIVE: Obesity is an important concern for both adults and students. The study evaluates the effect of school-based intervention (SBI) on sedentary life style (SLS), physical activity (PA) and body mass index (BMI) among the students in Urmia, Iran.METHODS: The study was undertaken from 31 December 2013 to 21 June 2014. A total of 80 male students were randomly selected from single-sex junior high schools of the two existing districts in Urmia. They were assigned to two groups of intervention and control (each 40). SBI was performed on intervention group during 6 months. The essential parameters for evaluating the effects of SBI on SLS, ADL and BMI of students were used.RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the two groups for the cycling (P<0.001) and walking (P=0.003) in leisure time and TV watching time (P=0.007) in the intervention group. After the intervention a decrease was found in the BMI, but it wasn’t significant (p>0.05).CONCLUSIONS: According to th...

Urmia Medical Journal, Oct 15, 2010

Journal of Cancer Education, 2016

Global Journal of Health Science, 2016

Objectives: Students attend sedentary life style and less like vigorous physical activity. This s... more Objectives: Students attend sedentary life style and less like vigorous physical activity. This study investigated the effects of School-based intervention on increasing physical activity for decreasing obesity among high-school obese and overweight boys, based on the components of PRECEDE PROCEED Model, to participate in median-vigorous physical activity among the first Period of high school boys in the city of Urmia, Iran Methods: This study was an experimental intervention that conducted at 4 high schools that were divided into 2 groups of intervention (40) and the control (40) male students, schools in junior high schools in Urmia. Results: Three and six months after the intervention, significant differences were found between the experimental and control groups of schools, in the amount of students' participation in vigorous physical activity (p<0.01). Conclusions: According to the results, the school-based intervention and components of PRECEDE PROCEED Model had a positive impact on the improvement of physical activity and decrease in physical inactivity among the students.

Background Obesity is a risk factor for many diseases and prevalent in recent years in many count... more Background Obesity is a risk factor for many diseases and prevalent in recent years in many countries has increased significantly. Understanding the causes of obesity may prevent obesity and its complications. The purpose of this study was to determine Predisposing and risk factors of obesity among the first Period of high school students in the city of Urmia. Methods This study was a cross-sectional study among 452 the first Period of high school students in the Urmia city. Data were collected using a questionnaire that filled in Focus Group sessions and scales and meter, and analyzed by use of statistical software SPSS-16. Results In analyzing the data, 16.81% of the samples reported overweight, with a BMI over 30. And 1.99 percent of the students were obesity. The students in Focus Group sessions cited that lack of exercise, bad diet, and lack of sports facilities are major reasons for obesity. Range of BMI in students was13.9-39.04 and Total Numbers 452, Mean (Average)20.66628 and Standard deviation was 4.71571. Conclusion The increase prevalence of overweight and obesity among students is a warning for the Director of Education; In this regard, Understanding the causes and risk factors leading to obesity prevention programs for overweight and obesity in children aged 12-15 years can result in beneficial outcomes.

African journal of microbiology research

Background: The presence of intestinal protozoal infections and parasites is a common and importa... more Background: The presence of intestinal protozoal infections and parasites is a common and important health problem in our developed country. Our aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites and protozoa in primary school children, and relationships between the prevalence and family socioeconomic status. Patients and Methods: The study population was randomly selected from two schools (rural and urbans), from April 2013 to September 2014. A total of 132 learners (85 boys and 47 girls) participated in this research. One of the selected school was a college (S1) and the other one was local goverment school (S2). The children weight, z scores, blood hemoglobin level and family properties such as fathers' employment, etc. have been researched. Parasitological data were collected by analyzing stool samples using Formalin ethyl acetate concentration technique by the department of Biochemistry laboratory in The Goverment Hospital. Symptoms, socioeconomic and epidemiologic data were collected by means of a pretested structured questionnaire. Results: Out of 132 learners analyzed, 44.6% stool samples were positive for ova and cysts of which 34.4% were known pathogenic parasites. The most common parasite was Giardia intestinalis followed by Dientamoeba fragilis, and Enterobius vermicularis. Occurrence of Blastocystis hominis, H. nana, Taenia spp, and Fasciola spp is low. Our findings showed that there was a significant difference in parasitic infections between S1 and S2 school. Significant associations between parasitic infections and children's family educations were observed. The mean hemoglobin concentration was 96 g/L (7 ± 1.1) and the prevalence of parasitic infections was more than 40 in rural area school children (in S1 school). In total, 41.6.2% of children were hungry when they arrived at school from S1. Over 5% of mothers and 12% of fathers were illiterate. Conclusion: Our study results demonstrated that parasitic infections in school children were found to be a common and a severe public health problem. Diarrhea, abdominal pain and weight loss were the main symptoms. Lower socioeconomic condition and poor sanitation were the main risk factors. In our opinion, the department of Public Heart Centers should explain the reasons to family for preventing intestinal parasitic disease, and explain hygienic conditions importance, and application of supportive programs for the parents.

Urmia medical journal, Oct 15, 2010

Research Square (Research Square), Feb 24, 2022

Background: Smoking among adolescents and young adults is believed to be one of the most importan... more Background: Smoking among adolescents and young adults is believed to be one of the most important preventable health problems. The etiology of smoking is one of the most pivotal activities in designing prevention programs. The aim of this study is to determine the correlates between components of empowerment in the context of smoking prevention in adolescents. Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on 422 high school male students in Spring 2020. The data collection tool of this study was a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire containing demographic charectheristics, items related to various components of empowerment, and items related to the smoking preventive behavior(SPB). A linear regression model was used, where the "SPB" outcome variable assumed three possible values: Sensation Seeking, Problemsolving skills, Self-e cacy, Self-esteem, Dependence on group and Attitude towards smoking, while taking those variables reported in previous literature as independent variables. Results: The results revealed that 10.42% of the students were active smokers and 40.75% of them had the experience of smoking. The results also showed a positive and signi cant relation among problem

Research Square (Research Square), Jul 19, 2022

Background This study aimed to "determine the predictors of colorectal cancer screening intention... more Background This study aimed to "determine the predictors of colorectal cancer screening intention based on the integrated theory of planned behavior among average-risk individuals in Urmia". Identifying these predictors will help design and implement various interventions, including educational interventions, according to the needs of this group, thereby taking a step towards improving the colorectal cancer screening index. Methods The present cross-sectional study was performed on 410 individuals at average risk of colorectal cancer referring to the comprehensive health services centers of Urmia in Iran. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of two parts. The rst part captured the demographic information and medical history of the participants. The second part involved questions designed based on constructs of motivational phase of health action process approach, and theory of planned behavior, as well as behavioral intent to perform colorectal cancer screening. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results Outcome expectancies, risk perception, action self-e cacy, and normative beliefs, respectively had the largest impact and were signi cant and positive predictors of colorectal cancer screening intention. The study's conceptual framework explained about 36% of the variance of behavioral intention among the average-risk individuals in Urmia. Conclusions Constructs of motivational phase of health action process approach, and theory of planned behavior are valuable and appropriate to identify the factors affecting the intention to perform colorectal cancer screening as well as to design and implement educational interventions in this eld. The four constructs of outcome expectancies, risk perception, action self-e cacy, and normative beliefs are suggested to be integrated into all educational interventions designed and implemented to improve the colorectal cancer screening index.

African Journal of Microbiology Research, Apr 30, 2011

Duplicate stool specimens from 405 primary school attending students of Barandooz-Chay region of ... more Duplicate stool specimens from 405 primary school attending students of Barandooz-Chay region of Urmia district were tested for intestinal parasites. Besides, duplicate scotch tape slides were obtained and examined microscopically for Enterobius vermicularis and Taenia sp. eggs. A questionnaire containing demographic data was filled for every case, and the relationship between them and the parasitic infection was assayed. Overall, intestinal parasitic prevalence was 42.5%. Prevalence of Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba coli, Blastocystis hominis, Iodamoeba butschlii, Enterobius vermicularis and Hymenolepis nana was 20.5, 14.6, 13.3, 2.5, 10.6 and 0.2%, respectively. No statistic relation was proved between these infections, having tap water facility at home or family population (except for E. vermicularis), but there was a significant relationship between parents' education level and family population. According to relatively high prevalence of parasitic infections in the study field, it is necessary to increase hygienic and educational measures.

Frontiers in oncology, 2018

Despite declining colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality rates in the U.S., significant ... more Despite declining colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality rates in the U.S., significant geographic and racial disparities in CRC death rates remain. Differences in guideline-concordant CRC screening rates may explain some of these disparities. We aim to assess individual and neighborhood-level predictors of guideline-concordant CRC screening within two cohorts of individuals located within CRC mortality geographic hotspot regions in the U.S. A total of 36,901 participants from the Southern Community Cohort Study and 4,491 participants from the Ohio Appalachia CRC screening study were included in this study. Self-reported date of last CRC screening was used to determine if the participant was within guidelines for screening. Logistic regression models were utilized to determine the association of individual-level predictors, neighborhood deprivation, and residence in hotspot regions on the odds of being within guidelines for CRC screening. Lower household income, lack of hea...

Nursing and Midwifery Journal

Background & Aim: Lice infestation as a social stigma has been one of the health problems among s... more Background & Aim: Lice infestation as a social stigma has been one of the health problems among students. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of an educational intervention based on the health belief model on the promotion of head lice prevention behaviors in elementary school girls in 2020-2021. Materials & Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental interventional study. The studied population was 140 students of the fifth grade in Shahr-e rey (70 in each of two intervention and control groups) who were selected by two-stage cluster sampling method. The research data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability have been confirmed by Meshki et al. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS software version 20 using Kolmogorov Smirnov inferential statistics tests, descriptive statistical tests, and univariate analysis of covariance test. Results: The results of the analysis showed that before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the demographic and contextual variables between the two groups (p>0.05). Two months after the intervention, a significant difference was observed in the average scores of the variables of awareness and constructs of perceived sensitivity, perceived intensity, perceived benefits, perceived obstacles, self-efficacy, and behavior in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed the influence of the health belief model in promoting preventive behaviors regarding head lice. The results of this research can be useful and beneficial for health educators who are trying to design educational programs related to diseases.

International journal of preventive medicine, 2016

Obesity is a major problem in both developed and underdeveloped countries. The aim of this study ... more Obesity is a major problem in both developed and underdeveloped countries. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a physical education program (PEP) on promoting health belief model (HBM) scores, increasing physical activity (PA), and reducing obesity among Iranian high school students. This quasi-experimental study was accomplished at four high schools that were randomly divided into two groups of experiment (forty) and control (forty) male students in junior high schools in Urmia, Iran. Students in the experimental group received a PEP during 6 months. The essential parameters were used for evaluating the effects of educational program on HBM, PA, and body mass index (BMI) of students. After the intervention of 3 and 6 months, the experimental group showed a significant difference on the results of HBM constructs. According to the result of repeated-measures ANOVA, there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups about the components of...

Urmia medical journal, 2010

It is essential to inspect intestinal parasitic infections in developing countries regularly for ... more It is essential to inspect intestinal parasitic infections in developing countries regularly for designing control measures. Materials & Methods: Duplicate stool specimens and scotch tape slides from 405 primary school attending students of Barandooz Chay region of Urmia were collected and examined for presence of intestinal parasites by wet mount and formalin – ether (stool specimens) and Graham (scotch tapes) methods in Parasitology Laboratory of Urmia Faculty of Medicine Results : Overall intestinal parasitic prevalence was 42.5%. The prevalence of Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba coli, Blastocystis hominis, Iodamoeba butschlii, E. vermicularis and Hymenolepis nana was 20.5%, 14.6%, 13.3%, 2.5%, 10.6% and 0.2% respectively. No statistic relation was proved between these infections and having tap water facility at home or family population (except for E. vermicularis) but there was a distinct relation between parents’ education level and family population. Conclusion : According to rela...

Background:Smoking among adolescents and young adults is one of the most important preventable he... more Background:Smoking among adolescents and young adults is one of the most important preventable health problems. The etiology of smoking is one of the most important activities in designing prevention programs.The aim of this study was to detemine effective components of empowerment on smoking preventive behavior(SPB) in high school students in Urmia.Methods:This descriptive-analytical study carried out on 422 high school students. The data collection tool of this study was a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire containing demographic charectheristics, items related to various components of empowerment, and items related to the SPB. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods (frequency, mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression) in SPSS software with version 22.Results:The results showed that 10.42% of students were active smokers and 40.75% of them had the experience of smoking. The results also showed t...

1 Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Scien... more 1 Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. 2 Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. 3 Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, The Persian Gulf Tropical and Infectious Diseases Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box 3631, Bushehr, Iran.

Journal of Public Health International, Apr 7, 2020

Preventable factors such as infectious diseases (pneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria), malnutrition ... more Preventable factors such as infectious diseases (pneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria), malnutrition and neonatal complications are still the leading cause of child mortality worldwide [1]. In 2013, it is estimated that 6.3 million babies born worldwide died before the age of 5, and approximately 9.2% of these deaths were due to diarrheal diseases [2, 3] in simple, accessible ways, and effective treatment can reduce diarrhea-related mortality and make hospital admissions unnecessary, and the role of mothers is the most importance [4]. Since the introduction of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) in 1979, mortality has reduced. Diarrhea has had a steady downward trend [5]. If mothers who have children under 5 years of age, used correctly ORS, they could easily resolve the problem of dehydration in acute diarrhea [6]. Mothers didn't use correctly ORS because of their Low literacy and lack of knowledge and wrong attitude about ORT [7]. Some health care workers provide mothers' required equipment, regardless of their educational needs, and mothers may not use ORS. In this study, health workers identified mothers' educational needs and subsequently they trained them about using ORS at home in acute diarrhea in children under 5 years of age.

ranian Journal of Health Education and Health Promotion

Background and Objective: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPI) with many complications cause stu... more Background and Objective: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPI) with many complications cause stunted growth in children. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of storytelling in the prevention of parasitic-intestinal re-infection in primary school students in villages of Urmia. Materials and Methods: The present study is a quasi-experimental study that was performed on 400 primary school students in rural areas of Urmia in 2012. After performing fecal testing of all students and determining the needs of educational intervention, about the prevention of parasitic-intestinal re-infection was taught to the experimental group using storytelling method. Data were collected in two stages before and 6 months after the end of the educational intervention by a questionnaire using SPSS software, version 16 and Chi-square test was used to analyze the data. Results: The findings showed a significant reduction in re-infection with parasiticintestinal infections in the experimental group compared to the control group after educational intervention through storytelling. Also, the level of knowledge of the experimental group increased after the educational intervention compared to the control group. Chi-square test with p <0.025 showed that there is a significant relationship between educational intervention through storytelling and reduction of IPI in students. Conclusion: Storytelling method is effective in reducing the risk of re-infection of IPI among students. Therefore, storytelling for students in the field of prevention against IPI is recommended.

International Journal of Coronaviruses

One of the key steps in determining how to prevent the viral disease is to identify the virus. Th... more One of the key steps in determining how to prevent the viral disease is to identify the virus. The virus lives in different ways and in different environments. It lives in the air, in the sea, on plants, animals and objects and humans. Some people put humans on the path of developing zoonotic diseases that are specific to animals but also involve people with unhealthy behaviors. In the food chain, each animal is hunted by other animals and feeds on other animals or plants and other objects. Bacteriophages are viruses that kill bacteria. And there are creatures that kill viruses and this is the biological struggle with viruses. When the virus enters the body, it performs a series of activities that lead to a series of symptoms in the patient. These symptoms include the behavior of viruses. These are among the ecological and behavioral characteristics of viruses that need to be fully understood in order to limit viruses and deal with epidemics and pandemics. In this study, we try to r...

Global Journal of Health Science, 2016

OBJECTIVE: Obesity is an important concern for both adults and students. The study evaluates the ... more OBJECTIVE: Obesity is an important concern for both adults and students. The study evaluates the effect of school-based intervention (SBI) on sedentary life style (SLS), physical activity (PA) and body mass index (BMI) among the students in Urmia, Iran.METHODS: The study was undertaken from 31 December 2013 to 21 June 2014. A total of 80 male students were randomly selected from single-sex junior high schools of the two existing districts in Urmia. They were assigned to two groups of intervention and control (each 40). SBI was performed on intervention group during 6 months. The essential parameters for evaluating the effects of SBI on SLS, ADL and BMI of students were used.RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the two groups for the cycling (P<0.001) and walking (P=0.003) in leisure time and TV watching time (P=0.007) in the intervention group. After the intervention a decrease was found in the BMI, but it wasn’t significant (p>0.05).CONCLUSIONS: According to th...

Urmia Medical Journal, Oct 15, 2010

Journal of Cancer Education, 2016

Global Journal of Health Science, 2016

Objectives: Students attend sedentary life style and less like vigorous physical activity. This s... more Objectives: Students attend sedentary life style and less like vigorous physical activity. This study investigated the effects of School-based intervention on increasing physical activity for decreasing obesity among high-school obese and overweight boys, based on the components of PRECEDE PROCEED Model, to participate in median-vigorous physical activity among the first Period of high school boys in the city of Urmia, Iran Methods: This study was an experimental intervention that conducted at 4 high schools that were divided into 2 groups of intervention (40) and the control (40) male students, schools in junior high schools in Urmia. Results: Three and six months after the intervention, significant differences were found between the experimental and control groups of schools, in the amount of students' participation in vigorous physical activity (p<0.01). Conclusions: According to the results, the school-based intervention and components of PRECEDE PROCEED Model had a positive impact on the improvement of physical activity and decrease in physical inactivity among the students.

Background Obesity is a risk factor for many diseases and prevalent in recent years in many count... more Background Obesity is a risk factor for many diseases and prevalent in recent years in many countries has increased significantly. Understanding the causes of obesity may prevent obesity and its complications. The purpose of this study was to determine Predisposing and risk factors of obesity among the first Period of high school students in the city of Urmia. Methods This study was a cross-sectional study among 452 the first Period of high school students in the Urmia city. Data were collected using a questionnaire that filled in Focus Group sessions and scales and meter, and analyzed by use of statistical software SPSS-16. Results In analyzing the data, 16.81% of the samples reported overweight, with a BMI over 30. And 1.99 percent of the students were obesity. The students in Focus Group sessions cited that lack of exercise, bad diet, and lack of sports facilities are major reasons for obesity. Range of BMI in students was13.9-39.04 and Total Numbers 452, Mean (Average)20.66628 and Standard deviation was 4.71571. Conclusion The increase prevalence of overweight and obesity among students is a warning for the Director of Education; In this regard, Understanding the causes and risk factors leading to obesity prevention programs for overweight and obesity in children aged 12-15 years can result in beneficial outcomes.

African journal of microbiology research

Background: The presence of intestinal protozoal infections and parasites is a common and importa... more Background: The presence of intestinal protozoal infections and parasites is a common and important health problem in our developed country. Our aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites and protozoa in primary school children, and relationships between the prevalence and family socioeconomic status. Patients and Methods: The study population was randomly selected from two schools (rural and urbans), from April 2013 to September 2014. A total of 132 learners (85 boys and 47 girls) participated in this research. One of the selected school was a college (S1) and the other one was local goverment school (S2). The children weight, z scores, blood hemoglobin level and family properties such as fathers' employment, etc. have been researched. Parasitological data were collected by analyzing stool samples using Formalin ethyl acetate concentration technique by the department of Biochemistry laboratory in The Goverment Hospital. Symptoms, socioeconomic and epidemiologic data were collected by means of a pretested structured questionnaire. Results: Out of 132 learners analyzed, 44.6% stool samples were positive for ova and cysts of which 34.4% were known pathogenic parasites. The most common parasite was Giardia intestinalis followed by Dientamoeba fragilis, and Enterobius vermicularis. Occurrence of Blastocystis hominis, H. nana, Taenia spp, and Fasciola spp is low. Our findings showed that there was a significant difference in parasitic infections between S1 and S2 school. Significant associations between parasitic infections and children's family educations were observed. The mean hemoglobin concentration was 96 g/L (7 ± 1.1) and the prevalence of parasitic infections was more than 40 in rural area school children (in S1 school). In total, 41.6.2% of children were hungry when they arrived at school from S1. Over 5% of mothers and 12% of fathers were illiterate. Conclusion: Our study results demonstrated that parasitic infections in school children were found to be a common and a severe public health problem. Diarrhea, abdominal pain and weight loss were the main symptoms. Lower socioeconomic condition and poor sanitation were the main risk factors. In our opinion, the department of Public Heart Centers should explain the reasons to family for preventing intestinal parasitic disease, and explain hygienic conditions importance, and application of supportive programs for the parents.