rafi bar-el - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by rafi bar-el
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
Education is probably the most important instrument for the improvement of human capital. It lead... more Education is probably the most important instrument for the improvement of human capital. It leads to greater productivity and therefore to higher levels of income and the diminution of poverty, an increase in employment flexibility, a greater accessibility to wider employment opportunities, the stimulation of various services and consumer products, and more. The influence of education is proven worldwide. A World Bank study (unpublished) finds that the return from education in Northeast is high, especially in the rural area. It also shows that higher levels of education increase the probability of non-farm employment. The study of the Banco do Nordeste do Brazil (1978) on rural industrialization of the Northeast found, on the basis of an econometric model, that education is a major stimulant of urban-oriented industrialization in the interior. A specific study of small agro-industrial firms in Ceara by Pinto (1994) also concludes that education and professional training is one of the most important necessities of such rural activities.
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
Routledge eBooks, Jul 11, 2019
Economic Analysis and Policy, Mar 1, 2023
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
We consider the well-known and painful problem of countries, mainly in the developing world, that... more We consider the well-known and painful problem of countries, mainly in the developing world, that suffer not only from low levels of economic development, but also from high levels of inequality and poverty. They struggle to solve their development problems by implementing various policies for economic growth (investing in infrastructures and education, providing incentives for capital investments, etc.), but in many cases it seems that economic growth, even when it is achieved, does not necessarily resolve the fundamental problems of poverty and unequal income distribution (Selowsky, 1981; Cardoso & Helwege, 1992).
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
Social Science Research Network, 2022
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
The policy for spatial organization considers three levels: the first is the distribution between... more The policy for spatial organization considers three levels: the first is the distribution between the rural and urban populations, the second is the distribution of the urban population between the metropolitan region and the interior, and the third is the spatial organization of the urban population in the interior.
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
The policy approach adopted by the State of Ceara relies basically on the fundamental evaluation ... more The policy approach adopted by the State of Ceara relies basically on the fundamental evaluation revealed above that a major factor influencing poverty and inequality is the existence of a structural market failure in the process of economic development. This failure leads to a situation where structural changes in the economy, such as the diminution of the relative weight of agriculture, are not followed by appropriate adaptations of the society in terms of transition of the labor force to new types of employment, or in terms of urbanization and spatial restructuring. If this is actually a market failure, this implies that the “natural” free market action does not lead to an optimum in the state economy. The intervention of the State in this case is needed in order to achieve a better economic optimum. This means that the government policy that would lead to a reduction of poverty and of inequality would lead at the same time to a larger and more efficient macroeconomic growth.
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
The implementation of a new model for development with a focus on regional growth requires adapta... more The implementation of a new model for development with a focus on regional growth requires adaptation of the government administration to the new needs. A vital instrument for such an adaptation is the establishment of a new Secretariat in the government of Ceara, the Secretariat for Local and Regional Development (SDLR). Such a Secretariat was established by the newly elected government in 2003.
European Planning Studies
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Apr 1, 2006
European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship
Peripheral regions are now confronted with the worldwide prominence of innovation and high techno... more Peripheral regions are now confronted with the worldwide prominence of innovation and high technology driving economic growth. It is crucial that they integrate the new trends for their economic sustainability and for the narrowing of social gaps. Research has focused on factors influencing the concentration of technology in metropolitan areas. Other analyses have highlighted the advantages for peripheral or rural regions if they integrate into this process. In our article, we aim to contribute to the discourse by suggesting a unique approach, testing it empirically with a peripheral region in Israel. Our approach contains the following elements: First, instead of considering innovation as knowledge creation or practical implementation (as generally considered), we prefer the indicator of a knowledge-based economy, as a better proxy for advanced economic growth. Second, we make a distinction between the changes in the economy of the periphery as indicated by prevailing types of occu...
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
Education is probably the most important instrument for the improvement of human capital. It lead... more Education is probably the most important instrument for the improvement of human capital. It leads to greater productivity and therefore to higher levels of income and the diminution of poverty, an increase in employment flexibility, a greater accessibility to wider employment opportunities, the stimulation of various services and consumer products, and more. The influence of education is proven worldwide. A World Bank study (unpublished) finds that the return from education in Northeast is high, especially in the rural area. It also shows that higher levels of education increase the probability of non-farm employment. The study of the Banco do Nordeste do Brazil (1978) on rural industrialization of the Northeast found, on the basis of an econometric model, that education is a major stimulant of urban-oriented industrialization in the interior. A specific study of small agro-industrial firms in Ceara by Pinto (1994) also concludes that education and professional training is one of the most important necessities of such rural activities.
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
Routledge eBooks, Jul 11, 2019
Economic Analysis and Policy, Mar 1, 2023
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
We consider the well-known and painful problem of countries, mainly in the developing world, that... more We consider the well-known and painful problem of countries, mainly in the developing world, that suffer not only from low levels of economic development, but also from high levels of inequality and poverty. They struggle to solve their development problems by implementing various policies for economic growth (investing in infrastructures and education, providing incentives for capital investments, etc.), but in many cases it seems that economic growth, even when it is achieved, does not necessarily resolve the fundamental problems of poverty and unequal income distribution (Selowsky, 1981; Cardoso & Helwege, 1992).
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
Social Science Research Network, 2022
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
The policy for spatial organization considers three levels: the first is the distribution between... more The policy for spatial organization considers three levels: the first is the distribution between the rural and urban populations, the second is the distribution of the urban population between the metropolitan region and the interior, and the third is the spatial organization of the urban population in the interior.
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
The policy approach adopted by the State of Ceara relies basically on the fundamental evaluation ... more The policy approach adopted by the State of Ceara relies basically on the fundamental evaluation revealed above that a major factor influencing poverty and inequality is the existence of a structural market failure in the process of economic development. This failure leads to a situation where structural changes in the economy, such as the diminution of the relative weight of agriculture, are not followed by appropriate adaptations of the society in terms of transition of the labor force to new types of employment, or in terms of urbanization and spatial restructuring. If this is actually a market failure, this implies that the “natural” free market action does not lead to an optimum in the state economy. The intervention of the State in this case is needed in order to achieve a better economic optimum. This means that the government policy that would lead to a reduction of poverty and of inequality would lead at the same time to a larger and more efficient macroeconomic growth.
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
Contributions To Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Dec 16, 2008
The implementation of a new model for development with a focus on regional growth requires adapta... more The implementation of a new model for development with a focus on regional growth requires adaptation of the government administration to the new needs. A vital instrument for such an adaptation is the establishment of a new Secretariat in the government of Ceara, the Secretariat for Local and Regional Development (SDLR). Such a Secretariat was established by the newly elected government in 2003.
European Planning Studies
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Apr 1, 2006
European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship
Peripheral regions are now confronted with the worldwide prominence of innovation and high techno... more Peripheral regions are now confronted with the worldwide prominence of innovation and high technology driving economic growth. It is crucial that they integrate the new trends for their economic sustainability and for the narrowing of social gaps. Research has focused on factors influencing the concentration of technology in metropolitan areas. Other analyses have highlighted the advantages for peripheral or rural regions if they integrate into this process. In our article, we aim to contribute to the discourse by suggesting a unique approach, testing it empirically with a peripheral region in Israel. Our approach contains the following elements: First, instead of considering innovation as knowledge creation or practical implementation (as generally considered), we prefer the indicator of a knowledge-based economy, as a better proxy for advanced economic growth. Second, we make a distinction between the changes in the economy of the periphery as indicated by prevailing types of occu...