bassou bouazzama - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by bassou bouazzama

Plant Stress, Nov 30, 2023

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2012

HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific re... more HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), May 1, 2017

This work compares the performance of PILOTE, an operative crop model developed by IRSTA Montpell... more This work compares the performance of PILOTE, an operative crop model developed by IRSTA Montpellier France, with that of well established model, CropSyst, in simulating berseem (Trifolium Alexandrinum L.) growth under different water regimes in the semi-arid climate of Tadla (Morocco). Both based on Beer's law via the intercepted potential active radiation (IPAR) regarding dry matter accumulation, the models differ in the level of complexity describing crop development, biomass growth, root water uptake principle and consequently, in the number of input parameters. The models were calibrated on an unstressed irrigation treatment in 2009/10, and were validated on other stressed and unstressed treatments in 2009/10 and 2010/11. Although PILOTE required fewer input parameters and data than CropSyst, it performed similarly better when simulating both biomass and soil water balance. The use of different numbers of parameters and crop growth modules by the tested models did not influence substantially the simulation results. Therefore, for management purposes and in conditions of limited input information, the use of simpler models should be encouraged.

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 2012

The field study of crop response to water stress is important to maximize yield and improve agric... more The field study of crop response to water stress is important to maximize yield and improve agricultural water use efficiency in areas where water resources are limited. This study was carried out during two growing periods in 2009 and 2010 in order to study the effect of water stress on crop growth, water consumption and dry matter yield of silage maize (Zea mays L.) supplied with flood irrigation under the semi-arid climate of Tadla in Morocco. Four to five irrigation treatments were applied at the rates of 100, 80, 60, 40 and 20% crop evapotranspiration (ETc) of maize. Soil water status, crop growth, leaf area index and above-ground biomass were measured. Results showed that irrigation deficit affected plant height growth, accelerated the senescence of the leaves and reduced the leaf area index. The maximum values of this parameter reached at flowering under the full irrigation treatment (100% ETc) were 5.1 and 4.8 in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Dry matter yields varied from 5.3 t. ha-1 under T4 (40% ETc) to 16.4 t. ha-1 under T1 (100% ETc) in 2009, whereas in 2010, it oscillated between 3.9 t. ha-1 under T5 (20% ETc) to 12.5 t. ha-1 under T1 (100% ETc). The establishment of the water budget by growth phase showed that the water use efficiency was higher during the linear phase of growth. Water use efficiency calculated at harvest varied between 2.99 kg. m-3 under T1 to 1.84 kg. m-3 under T5. The actual evapotranspiration under T1 (100% ETc) was 478 mm and 463 mm in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Using the averaged values of the two years, linear relationships were evaluated between dry matter yield and water consumption ETa. The yield response factor (Ky) for the silage maize for both growth seasons was 1.12. Under the Tadla semi-arid climate, it is proposed that silage maize should be irrigated as a priority before other crops with a Ky lower than 1.12. It is also recommended that, under limited water supplies, irrigation be applied during the linear phase of growth of this crop.

Sustainability, Apr 19, 2023

Journal of Regional Economic and Social Development, Dec 20, 2022

Purpose and aim of the study: The paper aim is to analyse scientific and other relevant literatur... more Purpose and aim of the study: The paper aim is to analyse scientific and other relevant literature on the sustainable development of the irrigated agricultural sector in Morocco. Design / Methodology / Approach: The method of data collection is literature review. Literature review was chosen, as it is the basis for further research. The obtained data are presented in accordance with the identified historical periods. A summary of results is delivered. Main Findings: In light of scarce water resources, the technical, legal and institutional levels in the agricultural sector are permanently updated by the public authorities in order to mitigate the impact of climate change and adapt the management of water resources. Originality: Sustainability is regarded as gradual and sequential growth and development. Sustainability means the consideration of all the stakeholders' interests in the decisionmaking process. Implications: Concerted efforts of the public authorities, companies and other stakeholders in the improvement in the efficiency of water use in agriculture through the development of localized irrigation technology and modernization of collective or private water supply networks in large irrigated areas would be beneficial for all. Innovative irrigation systems that allow the exploitation of unconventional, largely unused water resources must be developed. Low cost solutions with natural and locally available materials (Low Technology, Low Energy, Low cost, Easy to Use) should be used.

Aiming to define irrigation strategies improving the water productivity by folder crops under wat... more Aiming to define irrigation strategies improving the water productivity by folder crops under water scarcity in the irrigated perimeter of Tadla (Morocco), this work combines field experimentation and modeling. The field study of crop response to water stress is important to maximize yield and improve agricultural water use efficiency (WUE) in areas where water resources are limited. On the silage maize, the results showed that water deficit affected plant height growth, accelerated the senescence of the leaves and reduced the leaf area index. Dry matter yields varied from 3.9 t.ha-1 under T5 (20% ETc) to 16.4 t.ha-1 under T1 (100% ETc). The establishment of the water budget by growth phase showed that the water use efficiency was higher during the linear phase of growth. WUE calculated at harvest varied between 2.99 kg.m-3 under T1 and 1.84 kg.m-3 under T5. The actual evapotranspiration under T1 (100% ETc) was 478 mm and 463 mm in 2009 and 2010, respectively. The yield response fac...

Plants, 2022

Soil salinity is a major problem in arid and semi-arid regions, causing land degradation, deserti... more Soil salinity is a major problem in arid and semi-arid regions, causing land degradation, desertification, and subsequently, food insecurity. Salt-affected soils and phosphorus (P) deficiency are the common problems in the sub-Sahara, including the Southern region of Morocco. Soil salinity limits plant growth by limiting water availability, causing a nutritional imbalance, and imparting osmotic stress in the plants. The objective of this study was to determine the positive effects of P on growth and productivity and understand the major leaf mineral nutrient content of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cv. “ICBA Q5” irrigated with saline water. A field experiment applying three salinity (Electrical Conductivity, EC) levels of irrigation water (ECw = 5, 12, and 17 dS·m−1) and three P fertilizer rates (0, 60, and 70 kg of P2O5 ha−1) were evaluated in a split-plot design with three replications. The experiment was conducted in Foum El Oued, South of Morocco on sandy loam soil during t...

Agronomy, 2022

High soil salinity, drought, and poor soil fertility, especially phosphorus (P) deficiency, are s... more High soil salinity, drought, and poor soil fertility, especially phosphorus (P) deficiency, are serious challenges for crop production in arid and desert climate regions. In these regions, irrigation water (mostly groundwater) is saline, and fertilization is one of the strategies used to cope with salinity stress. Crop livestock is one of the major agricultural activities in marginal regions, and blue panicum (Panicum antidotale Retz.), the perennial forage grass, has the potential to furnish forage demand. Thus, a field experiment testing the combination of three levels of irrigation water salinity and three P rate was carried out to evaluate the potential of P fertilizer to enhance yield and salinity tolerance of blue panicum grass. The experiment was conducted for two years between 2019 and 2020 in Foum el Oued, Laayoune, Morocco. It was implemented in a split-plot design with three replications considering irrigation water salinity as the main plot and P rates as sub-plot treatm...

Irrigation and Drainage, 2013

Models simulating the effects of water stress on crop growth can be valuable tools for improving ... more Models simulating the effects of water stress on crop growth can be valuable tools for improving water management. PILOTE, an operative crop model, and CropSyst, a more sophisticated one, are compared on the basis of the simulation of silage maize (Zea maize L.) growth for 2 years (2009-2010) under different water supply regimes in the semi-arid climate of Tadla (Morocco). Both based on Beer's law via the intercepted potential active radiation (IPAR) regarding dry matter accumulation, the models differ in the level of complexity describing crop development, biomass growth, root water uptake principle and consequently, in the number of input parameters. The models were calibrated on an unstressed irrigation treatment in 2009, and were validated on other stressed and unstressed treatments in 2009 and 2010. Although PILOTE required fewer input parameters and data than CropSyst, it performed similarly and often better when simulating both biomass and soil water balance. Therefore, for water management purposes only, the use of a simpler model such as PILOTE can be recommended.

Revue Marocaine des Sciences Agronomiques et Vétérinaires, 2018

The CropSyst model, an operative crop model, is used to explore irrigation scenarios for the main... more The CropSyst model, an operative crop model, is used to explore irrigation scenarios for the main folder crops in Tadla irrigated area in Morocco. The calibration and validation of CropSyst model have been realized previously for alfalfa, silage maize and berseem. The model was run for a 40 year simulation with climatic data measured daily; using several scenarios involving a combination of irrigation times and water amounts. For alfalfa, the results obtained indicate that applying 1600 mm of irrigation water amount maximizes irrigation water efficiency (1.21 kg/m3) and achieve a yield of 23.1 t/ha (95% of the yield potential). In the case of maize, application of 648 mm through 2 irrigations in initial phase, 2 irrigations in linear and two in final phases allows to achieve high biomass yield and better water use. On berseem, the simulation results confirm that the adoption of the scenario that provides 625 mm allows obtaining 14.1 t/ha of dry matter which represents 94% of the yie...

Plants

Salinity is a major problem affecting crop production in many regions in the world including Moro... more Salinity is a major problem affecting crop production in many regions in the world including Morocco. Agricultural practices such as fertilization could be useful to overcome this problem and improve crop productivity. The objective of our study was to evaluate the combined effect of phosphorus fertilization and irrigation water salinity on growth, yield, and stomatal conductance of forage corn (Zea mays L.) cv. “Sy sincerro”. Field experiments were carried out for two years testing four levels of irrigation water salinity (ECw = 0.7; 2, 4, and 6 dS·m−1) and three rates of phosphorus (105, 126, and 150 kg P2O5·ha−1) fertilization conducted in a split-plot design with three replications. The obtained results show that irrigation water salinity had a negative effect on all monitored parameters. For instance, the dry matter yield reduced by an average of 19.3 and 25.1% compared to the control under saline irrigation with an EC value equal to 4 and 6 dS·m−1, respectively. The finding al...

Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement, 2012

Effet du deficit hydrique sur le mais ensilage conduit sous irrigation gravitaire au perimetre ir... more Effet du deficit hydrique sur le mais ensilage conduit sous irrigation gravitaire au perimetre irrigue de Tadla (Maroc). L’etude de la reponse des cultures au deficit hydrique est importante pour maximiser les rendements et ameliorer l’efficience d’utilisation de l’eau en agriculture dans les zones ou les ressources hydriques sont de plus en plus limitees. Cette etude a ete realisee durant deux campagnes agricoles (2009 et 2010) dans l’objectif d’etudier l’effet du deficit hydrique sur la croissance, la consommation en eau et le rendement en matiere seche du mais ensilage (Zea mays L.) alimente par l’irrigation gravitaire sous le climat semi-aride de la region de Tadla au Maroc. Quatre a cinq regimes hydriques definis sur la base de coefficients qui affectent l’evapotranspiration (ETc) de la culture (100 %, 80 %, 60 %, 40 % et 20 % ETc) ont ete compares. Les mesures ont porte sur l’humidite du sol, la croissance et le rendement final en matiere seche. Les resultats ont montre que le...

Revue Marocaine des Sciences Agronomiques et Vétérinaires, 2016

This work compares the performance of PILOTE, an operative crop model developed by IRSTA Montpell... more This work compares the performance of PILOTE, an operative crop model developed by IRSTA Montpellier France, with that of well established model, CropSyst, in simulating berseem (Trifolium Alexandrinum L.) growth under different water regimes in the semi-arid climate of Tadla (Morocco). Both based on Beer’s law via the intercepted potential active radiation (IPAR) regarding dry matter accumulation, the models differ in the level of complexity describing crop development, biomass growth, root water uptake principle and consequently, in the number of input parameters. The models were calibrated on an unstressed irrigation treatment in 2009/10, and were validated on other stressed and unstressed treatments in 2009/10 and 2010/11. Although PILOTE required fewer input parameters and data than CropSyst, it performed similarly better when simulating both biomass and soil water balance. The use of different numbers of parameters and crop growth modules by the tested models did not influence...

Revue Marocaine des Sciences Agronomiques et Vétérinaires, 2016

Simulation models that clarify the effects of water on crop yield are useful tools for improving ... more Simulation models that clarify the effects of water on crop yield are useful tools for improving farm level water management and optimizing water use efficiency. In this study, AquaCrop was evaluated for Karim genotype which is the main durum winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) practiced in Tadla. AquaCrop is based on the water-driven growth module, in that transpiration is converted into biomass through a water productivity parameter. The model was calibrated on data from a full irrigation treatment in 2014/15 and validated on other stressed and unstressed treatments including rain-fed conditions in 2014/15 and 2015/16. Results showed that the model provided excellent simulations of canopy cover, biomass and grain yield. Overall, the relationship between observed and modeled wheat grain yield for all treatments combined produced an R2 of 0.79, a mean squared error of 1.01 t ha-1 and an efficiency coefficient of 0.68. The model satisfactory predicted the trend of soil water reserve....

Revue Marocaine des Sciences Agronomiques et Vétérinaires, 2017

Le modele CropSyst a ete utilise pour explorer des scenarios d'irrigation des principales cul... more Le modele CropSyst a ete utilise pour explorer des scenarios d'irrigation des principales cultures fourrageres au Tadla au Maroc. La calibration et la validation du modele CropSyst ont ete realisees precedemment pour la luzerne, le mais d'ensilage et le bersim. Des simulations de plusieurs scenarios impliquant une combinaison des moments d'irrigation et des quantites d'eau appliquees ont ete realisees sur 40 ans avec des donnees climatiques journalieres. Pour la luzerne, les resultats indiquent que l'application de 1600 mm d’eau maximise l’efficience d’utilisation de l'eau (1,21 kg/m 3 ) et permet d’atteindre un rendement de 23,1 t / ha. Dans le cas du mais, l'application de 648 mm a travers 2 irrigations en phase initiale, 2 irrigations en phase lineaire et deux en phase finale permet d'obtenir un rendement eleve en biomasse et une meilleure productivite de l'eau. Sur le bersim, les resultats de simulation confirment que l'adoption du scenar...

Plant Stress, Nov 30, 2023

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2012

HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific re... more HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), May 1, 2017

This work compares the performance of PILOTE, an operative crop model developed by IRSTA Montpell... more This work compares the performance of PILOTE, an operative crop model developed by IRSTA Montpellier France, with that of well established model, CropSyst, in simulating berseem (Trifolium Alexandrinum L.) growth under different water regimes in the semi-arid climate of Tadla (Morocco). Both based on Beer's law via the intercepted potential active radiation (IPAR) regarding dry matter accumulation, the models differ in the level of complexity describing crop development, biomass growth, root water uptake principle and consequently, in the number of input parameters. The models were calibrated on an unstressed irrigation treatment in 2009/10, and were validated on other stressed and unstressed treatments in 2009/10 and 2010/11. Although PILOTE required fewer input parameters and data than CropSyst, it performed similarly better when simulating both biomass and soil water balance. The use of different numbers of parameters and crop growth modules by the tested models did not influence substantially the simulation results. Therefore, for management purposes and in conditions of limited input information, the use of simpler models should be encouraged.

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 2012

The field study of crop response to water stress is important to maximize yield and improve agric... more The field study of crop response to water stress is important to maximize yield and improve agricultural water use efficiency in areas where water resources are limited. This study was carried out during two growing periods in 2009 and 2010 in order to study the effect of water stress on crop growth, water consumption and dry matter yield of silage maize (Zea mays L.) supplied with flood irrigation under the semi-arid climate of Tadla in Morocco. Four to five irrigation treatments were applied at the rates of 100, 80, 60, 40 and 20% crop evapotranspiration (ETc) of maize. Soil water status, crop growth, leaf area index and above-ground biomass were measured. Results showed that irrigation deficit affected plant height growth, accelerated the senescence of the leaves and reduced the leaf area index. The maximum values of this parameter reached at flowering under the full irrigation treatment (100% ETc) were 5.1 and 4.8 in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Dry matter yields varied from 5.3 t. ha-1 under T4 (40% ETc) to 16.4 t. ha-1 under T1 (100% ETc) in 2009, whereas in 2010, it oscillated between 3.9 t. ha-1 under T5 (20% ETc) to 12.5 t. ha-1 under T1 (100% ETc). The establishment of the water budget by growth phase showed that the water use efficiency was higher during the linear phase of growth. Water use efficiency calculated at harvest varied between 2.99 kg. m-3 under T1 to 1.84 kg. m-3 under T5. The actual evapotranspiration under T1 (100% ETc) was 478 mm and 463 mm in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Using the averaged values of the two years, linear relationships were evaluated between dry matter yield and water consumption ETa. The yield response factor (Ky) for the silage maize for both growth seasons was 1.12. Under the Tadla semi-arid climate, it is proposed that silage maize should be irrigated as a priority before other crops with a Ky lower than 1.12. It is also recommended that, under limited water supplies, irrigation be applied during the linear phase of growth of this crop.

Sustainability, Apr 19, 2023

Journal of Regional Economic and Social Development, Dec 20, 2022

Purpose and aim of the study: The paper aim is to analyse scientific and other relevant literatur... more Purpose and aim of the study: The paper aim is to analyse scientific and other relevant literature on the sustainable development of the irrigated agricultural sector in Morocco. Design / Methodology / Approach: The method of data collection is literature review. Literature review was chosen, as it is the basis for further research. The obtained data are presented in accordance with the identified historical periods. A summary of results is delivered. Main Findings: In light of scarce water resources, the technical, legal and institutional levels in the agricultural sector are permanently updated by the public authorities in order to mitigate the impact of climate change and adapt the management of water resources. Originality: Sustainability is regarded as gradual and sequential growth and development. Sustainability means the consideration of all the stakeholders' interests in the decisionmaking process. Implications: Concerted efforts of the public authorities, companies and other stakeholders in the improvement in the efficiency of water use in agriculture through the development of localized irrigation technology and modernization of collective or private water supply networks in large irrigated areas would be beneficial for all. Innovative irrigation systems that allow the exploitation of unconventional, largely unused water resources must be developed. Low cost solutions with natural and locally available materials (Low Technology, Low Energy, Low cost, Easy to Use) should be used.

Aiming to define irrigation strategies improving the water productivity by folder crops under wat... more Aiming to define irrigation strategies improving the water productivity by folder crops under water scarcity in the irrigated perimeter of Tadla (Morocco), this work combines field experimentation and modeling. The field study of crop response to water stress is important to maximize yield and improve agricultural water use efficiency (WUE) in areas where water resources are limited. On the silage maize, the results showed that water deficit affected plant height growth, accelerated the senescence of the leaves and reduced the leaf area index. Dry matter yields varied from 3.9 t.ha-1 under T5 (20% ETc) to 16.4 t.ha-1 under T1 (100% ETc). The establishment of the water budget by growth phase showed that the water use efficiency was higher during the linear phase of growth. WUE calculated at harvest varied between 2.99 kg.m-3 under T1 and 1.84 kg.m-3 under T5. The actual evapotranspiration under T1 (100% ETc) was 478 mm and 463 mm in 2009 and 2010, respectively. The yield response fac...

Plants, 2022

Soil salinity is a major problem in arid and semi-arid regions, causing land degradation, deserti... more Soil salinity is a major problem in arid and semi-arid regions, causing land degradation, desertification, and subsequently, food insecurity. Salt-affected soils and phosphorus (P) deficiency are the common problems in the sub-Sahara, including the Southern region of Morocco. Soil salinity limits plant growth by limiting water availability, causing a nutritional imbalance, and imparting osmotic stress in the plants. The objective of this study was to determine the positive effects of P on growth and productivity and understand the major leaf mineral nutrient content of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cv. “ICBA Q5” irrigated with saline water. A field experiment applying three salinity (Electrical Conductivity, EC) levels of irrigation water (ECw = 5, 12, and 17 dS·m−1) and three P fertilizer rates (0, 60, and 70 kg of P2O5 ha−1) were evaluated in a split-plot design with three replications. The experiment was conducted in Foum El Oued, South of Morocco on sandy loam soil during t...

Agronomy, 2022

High soil salinity, drought, and poor soil fertility, especially phosphorus (P) deficiency, are s... more High soil salinity, drought, and poor soil fertility, especially phosphorus (P) deficiency, are serious challenges for crop production in arid and desert climate regions. In these regions, irrigation water (mostly groundwater) is saline, and fertilization is one of the strategies used to cope with salinity stress. Crop livestock is one of the major agricultural activities in marginal regions, and blue panicum (Panicum antidotale Retz.), the perennial forage grass, has the potential to furnish forage demand. Thus, a field experiment testing the combination of three levels of irrigation water salinity and three P rate was carried out to evaluate the potential of P fertilizer to enhance yield and salinity tolerance of blue panicum grass. The experiment was conducted for two years between 2019 and 2020 in Foum el Oued, Laayoune, Morocco. It was implemented in a split-plot design with three replications considering irrigation water salinity as the main plot and P rates as sub-plot treatm...

Irrigation and Drainage, 2013

Models simulating the effects of water stress on crop growth can be valuable tools for improving ... more Models simulating the effects of water stress on crop growth can be valuable tools for improving water management. PILOTE, an operative crop model, and CropSyst, a more sophisticated one, are compared on the basis of the simulation of silage maize (Zea maize L.) growth for 2 years (2009-2010) under different water supply regimes in the semi-arid climate of Tadla (Morocco). Both based on Beer's law via the intercepted potential active radiation (IPAR) regarding dry matter accumulation, the models differ in the level of complexity describing crop development, biomass growth, root water uptake principle and consequently, in the number of input parameters. The models were calibrated on an unstressed irrigation treatment in 2009, and were validated on other stressed and unstressed treatments in 2009 and 2010. Although PILOTE required fewer input parameters and data than CropSyst, it performed similarly and often better when simulating both biomass and soil water balance. Therefore, for water management purposes only, the use of a simpler model such as PILOTE can be recommended.

Revue Marocaine des Sciences Agronomiques et Vétérinaires, 2018

The CropSyst model, an operative crop model, is used to explore irrigation scenarios for the main... more The CropSyst model, an operative crop model, is used to explore irrigation scenarios for the main folder crops in Tadla irrigated area in Morocco. The calibration and validation of CropSyst model have been realized previously for alfalfa, silage maize and berseem. The model was run for a 40 year simulation with climatic data measured daily; using several scenarios involving a combination of irrigation times and water amounts. For alfalfa, the results obtained indicate that applying 1600 mm of irrigation water amount maximizes irrigation water efficiency (1.21 kg/m3) and achieve a yield of 23.1 t/ha (95% of the yield potential). In the case of maize, application of 648 mm through 2 irrigations in initial phase, 2 irrigations in linear and two in final phases allows to achieve high biomass yield and better water use. On berseem, the simulation results confirm that the adoption of the scenario that provides 625 mm allows obtaining 14.1 t/ha of dry matter which represents 94% of the yie...

Plants

Salinity is a major problem affecting crop production in many regions in the world including Moro... more Salinity is a major problem affecting crop production in many regions in the world including Morocco. Agricultural practices such as fertilization could be useful to overcome this problem and improve crop productivity. The objective of our study was to evaluate the combined effect of phosphorus fertilization and irrigation water salinity on growth, yield, and stomatal conductance of forage corn (Zea mays L.) cv. “Sy sincerro”. Field experiments were carried out for two years testing four levels of irrigation water salinity (ECw = 0.7; 2, 4, and 6 dS·m−1) and three rates of phosphorus (105, 126, and 150 kg P2O5·ha−1) fertilization conducted in a split-plot design with three replications. The obtained results show that irrigation water salinity had a negative effect on all monitored parameters. For instance, the dry matter yield reduced by an average of 19.3 and 25.1% compared to the control under saline irrigation with an EC value equal to 4 and 6 dS·m−1, respectively. The finding al...

Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement, 2012

Effet du deficit hydrique sur le mais ensilage conduit sous irrigation gravitaire au perimetre ir... more Effet du deficit hydrique sur le mais ensilage conduit sous irrigation gravitaire au perimetre irrigue de Tadla (Maroc). L’etude de la reponse des cultures au deficit hydrique est importante pour maximiser les rendements et ameliorer l’efficience d’utilisation de l’eau en agriculture dans les zones ou les ressources hydriques sont de plus en plus limitees. Cette etude a ete realisee durant deux campagnes agricoles (2009 et 2010) dans l’objectif d’etudier l’effet du deficit hydrique sur la croissance, la consommation en eau et le rendement en matiere seche du mais ensilage (Zea mays L.) alimente par l’irrigation gravitaire sous le climat semi-aride de la region de Tadla au Maroc. Quatre a cinq regimes hydriques definis sur la base de coefficients qui affectent l’evapotranspiration (ETc) de la culture (100 %, 80 %, 60 %, 40 % et 20 % ETc) ont ete compares. Les mesures ont porte sur l’humidite du sol, la croissance et le rendement final en matiere seche. Les resultats ont montre que le...

Revue Marocaine des Sciences Agronomiques et Vétérinaires, 2016

This work compares the performance of PILOTE, an operative crop model developed by IRSTA Montpell... more This work compares the performance of PILOTE, an operative crop model developed by IRSTA Montpellier France, with that of well established model, CropSyst, in simulating berseem (Trifolium Alexandrinum L.) growth under different water regimes in the semi-arid climate of Tadla (Morocco). Both based on Beer’s law via the intercepted potential active radiation (IPAR) regarding dry matter accumulation, the models differ in the level of complexity describing crop development, biomass growth, root water uptake principle and consequently, in the number of input parameters. The models were calibrated on an unstressed irrigation treatment in 2009/10, and were validated on other stressed and unstressed treatments in 2009/10 and 2010/11. Although PILOTE required fewer input parameters and data than CropSyst, it performed similarly better when simulating both biomass and soil water balance. The use of different numbers of parameters and crop growth modules by the tested models did not influence...

Revue Marocaine des Sciences Agronomiques et Vétérinaires, 2016

Simulation models that clarify the effects of water on crop yield are useful tools for improving ... more Simulation models that clarify the effects of water on crop yield are useful tools for improving farm level water management and optimizing water use efficiency. In this study, AquaCrop was evaluated for Karim genotype which is the main durum winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) practiced in Tadla. AquaCrop is based on the water-driven growth module, in that transpiration is converted into biomass through a water productivity parameter. The model was calibrated on data from a full irrigation treatment in 2014/15 and validated on other stressed and unstressed treatments including rain-fed conditions in 2014/15 and 2015/16. Results showed that the model provided excellent simulations of canopy cover, biomass and grain yield. Overall, the relationship between observed and modeled wheat grain yield for all treatments combined produced an R2 of 0.79, a mean squared error of 1.01 t ha-1 and an efficiency coefficient of 0.68. The model satisfactory predicted the trend of soil water reserve....

Revue Marocaine des Sciences Agronomiques et Vétérinaires, 2017

Le modele CropSyst a ete utilise pour explorer des scenarios d'irrigation des principales cul... more Le modele CropSyst a ete utilise pour explorer des scenarios d'irrigation des principales cultures fourrageres au Tadla au Maroc. La calibration et la validation du modele CropSyst ont ete realisees precedemment pour la luzerne, le mais d'ensilage et le bersim. Des simulations de plusieurs scenarios impliquant une combinaison des moments d'irrigation et des quantites d'eau appliquees ont ete realisees sur 40 ans avec des donnees climatiques journalieres. Pour la luzerne, les resultats indiquent que l'application de 1600 mm d’eau maximise l’efficience d’utilisation de l'eau (1,21 kg/m 3 ) et permet d’atteindre un rendement de 23,1 t / ha. Dans le cas du mais, l'application de 648 mm a travers 2 irrigations en phase initiale, 2 irrigations en phase lineaire et deux en phase finale permet d'obtenir un rendement eleve en biomasse et une meilleure productivite de l'eau. Sur le bersim, les resultats de simulation confirment que l'adoption du scenar...