duane bates - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by duane bates
Canadian Family Physician
This article has been peer reviewed. Cet article a fait l'objet d'une révision par des pairs.
Canadian Family Physician
This article has been peer reviewed. Cet article a fait l'objet d'une révision par des pairs.
Tigecycline, the first glycycline antibiotic, has been available in Canada since 2007. A systemat... more Tigecycline, the first glycycline antibiotic, has been available in Canada since 2007. A systematic review of 8 randomized controlled trials (with a total of 4651 patients)1 suggested that the clinical and microbiological outcomes of tigecycline monotherapy were similar to those of empiric
The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 2002
Valacyclovir is a prodrug of acyclovir. Headache is the most common central nervous system side e... more Valacyclovir is a prodrug of acyclovir. Headache is the most common central nervous system side effect of acyclovir. Elderly patients and people with chronic renal failure are most susceptible to the neurotoxic effects of acyclovir, which usually manifest as confusion, hallucinations, dizziness, irritability, ataxia, tremor, myoclonus, and seizures. The symptoms usually occur within 3 days of initiation of therapy and resolve within 5 days after discontinuation. The results of lumbar puncture and computed tomography of the head are essentially unremarkable. Levels of acyclovir in the plasma do not correlate with the toxic effects experienced. The most common electroencephalographic abnormality is diffuse generalized slowing of brain wave activity. Two cases of valacyclovir neurotoxicity are presented, along with a review of the literature on acyclovir neurotoxicity. RESUME Le valacyclovir est un biomedicament de l’acyclovir. Les cephalees representent l’effet indesirable sur le syst...
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2005
This is a critical abstract of an economic evaluation that meets the criteria for inclusion on NH... more This is a critical abstract of an economic evaluation that meets the criteria for inclusion on NHS EED. Each abstract contains a brief summary of the methods, the results and conclusions followed by a detailed critical assessment on the reliability of the study and the conclusions drawn. Health technology The study examined the use of an intravenous proton pump inhibitor (IV PPI), pantoprazole, in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) or patients receiving nil by mouth (NPO). In connection to this, the study examined the use of a multidisciplinary intervention to reduce inappropriate use of IV PPI. This intervention had four components: a newsletter detailing appropriate indications of IV PPI was sent to physicians; a dose template that highlighted the appropriate indication for IV PPI was implemented in the study hospital, including an auto-stop requiring reordering after 72 hours; auto-substitution of IV PPI for oral PPI in patients without UGIB who were receiving other enteral food or medications (not truly NPO); and a gastroenterology consult was recommended for physicians ordering continuous IV pantoprazole infusions. Type of intervention Secondary prevention. Economic study type Cost-effectiveness analysis. Study population The study population comprised inpatients receiving IV pantoprazole. The study population was stratified according to those patients with UGIB and those without. Setting The setting was secondary care. The economic study was carried out in Alberta, Canada. Dates to which data relate The effectiveness, cost and price data referred to 2001/02 for the study assessing the inappropriate use of IV PPI. The corresponding dates for the effectiveness, cost and price data for the multidisciplinary intervention were not reported. Source of effectiveness data The effectiveness data were derived from single studies.
The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 2011
The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 2008
A 91-year-old woman was admitted to hospital with a 5-day history of nonproductive cough and shor... more A 91-year-old woman was admitted to hospital with a 5-day history of nonproductive cough and shortness of breath.* Her previous medical history included peptic ulcer disease, and her concurrent medical conditions were osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The platelet count 18 months before the admission was 278 × 10/L (normal range 150 × 10/L to 400 × 10/L). Medications before admission included omeprazole 20 mg daily, calcium carbonate 500 mg daily, vitamin D 400 units daily, celecoxib 100 mg once or twice daily, etidronate 400 mg daily for 14 days followed by calcium carbonate 500 mg daily for 76 days, fluticasone 125 μg and salmeterol 50 μg (combined) by inhaler 1 or 2 puffs twice daily, and acetaminophen 325–650 mg daily. The only change to the patient’s medication regimen in the past 5 years had been the initiation of pregabalin 50 mg once daily for osteoarthritis, 3 months before presentation. The only...
The Canadian journal of hospital pharmacy, 1995
INTRODUCTION Despite increased public awareness of health care related issues, studies have shown... more INTRODUCTION Despite increased public awareness of health care related issues, studies have shown that many patients do not know how, when, or with what to take their medications and are not aware of potential side effects. • Other studies have shown that inadequate communication about medication is one of the principal reasons why 30 to 50 percent of patients deviate from their medical regimen. · Providing the patient with written information leaflets about prescription drugs has been shown to help reinforce the verbal counselling a patient receives.• In an effort to assess our prescription counselling service, an evaluation was conducted by the Pharmacy Department at the Tom Baker Cancer Centre (TBCC), an outpatient treatment facility. The purpose was to assess patient recall of his/her therapeutic regimen, as well as to obtain feedback about the written information leaflet provided. The objective of the evaluation was also to assess the patient's subjective impressions of the...
Amiodarone is an iodinated benzofuran derivative used in the treatment of supraventricular and ve... more Amiodarone is an iodinated benzofuran derivative used in the treatment of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias refractory to conventional therapy. It has complex pharmacokinetics and the potential for a wide range of adverse effects. Amiodarone pulmonary toxicity is the most serious adverse event and is well documented in the literature. We report a fatal case of respiratory failure shortly after the initiation of amiodarone therapy.
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 2021
Canadian Pharmacists Journal / Revue des Pharmaciens du Canada, 2017
Objective: To evaluate pharmacists’ attitudes toward the Take Home Naloxone (THN) program and ide... more Objective: To evaluate pharmacists’ attitudes toward the Take Home Naloxone (THN) program and identify areas that could be improved to support pharmacists’ involvement. Methods: Pharmacists on the Alberta College of Pharmacists’ directory were invited to complete an online survey between July 10 and August 8, 2016. The survey consisted of 19 questions. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: Four hundred seventy pharmacists completed the survey (response rate = 11.2%). A total of 76.8% of respondents strongly agreed or agreed that pharmacists should be screening patients to identify those at risk of opioid overdose. Full-time pharmacists were more likely to agree ( p = 0.02). A total of 79.8% of respondents strongly agreed or agreed that pharmacists should be recommending THN kits. Pharmacists working in large population centres ( p = 0.008) and full-time pharmacists ( p = 0.02) were more likely to agree with this statement. Furthermore, 60.6% of pharmacists w...
The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 2017
Skinmed, 2016
A 47-year-old African American man was seen for routine follow-up for his human immunodeficiency ... more A 47-year-old African American man was seen for routine follow-up for his human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient's medical history included insomnia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, pulmonary embolism, right shoulder musculoskeletal pain, latent tuberculosis infection, sickle cell trait (hemoglobin S variant), and HIV of 24 years' duration.
The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 2016
THE ULUTAS MEDICAL JOURNAL, 2015
Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2015
Patients with suspected thiamine deficiency should receive treatment with parenteral thiamine to ... more Patients with suspected thiamine deficiency should receive treatment with parenteral thiamine to achieve the high serum thiamine levels necessary to reverse the effects of deficiency and to circumvent problems with absorption common in the medically ill. To quantify rates of parenteral administration of thiamine across university-affiliated hospitals and to identify factors associated with higher rates of parenteral prescribing. Multicenter, retrospective observational study of thiamine prescriptions. Prescriptions for thiamine were captured from computerized pharmacy information systems across participating centers, providing information concerning dose, route, frequency, and duration of thiamine prescribed from January 2010 to December 2011. Fourteen university-affiliated tertiary care hospitals geographically distributed across Canada, including 48,806 prescriptions for thiamine provided to 32,213 hospitalized patients. Parenteral thiamine accounted for a statistically significant majority of thiamine prescriptions (57.6%, P < 0.001); however, oral thiamine constituted a significant majority of the total doses prescribed (68.4%, z = 168.9; P < 0.001). Protocols prioritizing parenteral administration were associated with higher rates of parenteral prescribing (61.3% with protocol, 45.8% without protocol; P < 0.001). Patients admitted under psychiatry services were significantly more likely to be prescribed oral thiamine (P < 0.001). Although parenteral thiamine accounted for a statistically significant majority of prescriptions, oral thiamine was commonly prescribed within academic hospitals. Additional strategies are needed to promote parenteral thiamine prescribing to patients with suspected thiamine deficiency. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2015. © 2015 Society of Hospital Medicine.
The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care, 2006
The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 2013
Background: Patients with peripheral artery disease are 6 times as likely as healthy individuals ... more Background: Patients with peripheral artery disease are 6 times as likely as healthy individuals to die of cardiovascular causes within 10 years after diagnosis. Combination therapy with a statin, an angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), and an antiplatelet agent is recommended to reduce cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease, especially those with concomitant diabetes mellitus and those who have undergone vascular surgery. Objectives: The primary objective was to determine the proportion of patients with concurrent diabetes and peripheral artery disease who were receiving therapy with a statin, ACE inhibitor or ARB, and antiplatelet agent (acetylsalicylic acid or clopidogrel) at the time of discharge after vascular surgery. The secondary objectives were to determine if target blood pressure was achieved and if smoking cessation therapy was offered and/or provided. Methods: This pilot study was a retrospective, cross-sectional chart analysis. The health records database for Alberta Health Services was searched to identify patients with diabetes who underwent vascular surgery at the Foothills Hospital in Calgary with discharge between January 1 and June 30, 2010. In addition to baseline demographic characteristics, blood pressure values at the time of admission and discharge were collected. Discharge medications, including cardiovascular medications such as statins, ACE inhibitor or ARB, and antiplatelet agents, were recorded. Descriptive analysis of the data was performed. Results: Of the 42 patients for whom charts were obtained, 25 (60%) had prescriptions for cardiovascular triple therapy (statin, ACE inhibitor or ARB, antiplatelet agent). Just over half of the patients (23 [55%]) had achieved target blood pressure (< 130/80 mm Hg) at the time of discharge. Of the 14 current smokers, 9 (64%) had documented evidence in the chart that smoking cessation counselling was offered and/or drug therapy was provided. Conclusion: Only about half of the patients in this study were receiving cardiovascular triple therapy, which suggests that many patients were not receiving optimal vascular protection. A larger study is needed to review prescribing patterns for patients with peripheral artery disease.
Canadian Family Physician
This article has been peer reviewed. Cet article a fait l'objet d'une révision par des pairs.
Canadian Family Physician
This article has been peer reviewed. Cet article a fait l'objet d'une révision par des pairs.
Tigecycline, the first glycycline antibiotic, has been available in Canada since 2007. A systemat... more Tigecycline, the first glycycline antibiotic, has been available in Canada since 2007. A systematic review of 8 randomized controlled trials (with a total of 4651 patients)1 suggested that the clinical and microbiological outcomes of tigecycline monotherapy were similar to those of empiric
The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 2002
Valacyclovir is a prodrug of acyclovir. Headache is the most common central nervous system side e... more Valacyclovir is a prodrug of acyclovir. Headache is the most common central nervous system side effect of acyclovir. Elderly patients and people with chronic renal failure are most susceptible to the neurotoxic effects of acyclovir, which usually manifest as confusion, hallucinations, dizziness, irritability, ataxia, tremor, myoclonus, and seizures. The symptoms usually occur within 3 days of initiation of therapy and resolve within 5 days after discontinuation. The results of lumbar puncture and computed tomography of the head are essentially unremarkable. Levels of acyclovir in the plasma do not correlate with the toxic effects experienced. The most common electroencephalographic abnormality is diffuse generalized slowing of brain wave activity. Two cases of valacyclovir neurotoxicity are presented, along with a review of the literature on acyclovir neurotoxicity. RESUME Le valacyclovir est un biomedicament de l’acyclovir. Les cephalees representent l’effet indesirable sur le syst...
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2005
This is a critical abstract of an economic evaluation that meets the criteria for inclusion on NH... more This is a critical abstract of an economic evaluation that meets the criteria for inclusion on NHS EED. Each abstract contains a brief summary of the methods, the results and conclusions followed by a detailed critical assessment on the reliability of the study and the conclusions drawn. Health technology The study examined the use of an intravenous proton pump inhibitor (IV PPI), pantoprazole, in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) or patients receiving nil by mouth (NPO). In connection to this, the study examined the use of a multidisciplinary intervention to reduce inappropriate use of IV PPI. This intervention had four components: a newsletter detailing appropriate indications of IV PPI was sent to physicians; a dose template that highlighted the appropriate indication for IV PPI was implemented in the study hospital, including an auto-stop requiring reordering after 72 hours; auto-substitution of IV PPI for oral PPI in patients without UGIB who were receiving other enteral food or medications (not truly NPO); and a gastroenterology consult was recommended for physicians ordering continuous IV pantoprazole infusions. Type of intervention Secondary prevention. Economic study type Cost-effectiveness analysis. Study population The study population comprised inpatients receiving IV pantoprazole. The study population was stratified according to those patients with UGIB and those without. Setting The setting was secondary care. The economic study was carried out in Alberta, Canada. Dates to which data relate The effectiveness, cost and price data referred to 2001/02 for the study assessing the inappropriate use of IV PPI. The corresponding dates for the effectiveness, cost and price data for the multidisciplinary intervention were not reported. Source of effectiveness data The effectiveness data were derived from single studies.
The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 2011
The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 2008
A 91-year-old woman was admitted to hospital with a 5-day history of nonproductive cough and shor... more A 91-year-old woman was admitted to hospital with a 5-day history of nonproductive cough and shortness of breath.* Her previous medical history included peptic ulcer disease, and her concurrent medical conditions were osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The platelet count 18 months before the admission was 278 × 10/L (normal range 150 × 10/L to 400 × 10/L). Medications before admission included omeprazole 20 mg daily, calcium carbonate 500 mg daily, vitamin D 400 units daily, celecoxib 100 mg once or twice daily, etidronate 400 mg daily for 14 days followed by calcium carbonate 500 mg daily for 76 days, fluticasone 125 μg and salmeterol 50 μg (combined) by inhaler 1 or 2 puffs twice daily, and acetaminophen 325–650 mg daily. The only change to the patient’s medication regimen in the past 5 years had been the initiation of pregabalin 50 mg once daily for osteoarthritis, 3 months before presentation. The only...
The Canadian journal of hospital pharmacy, 1995
INTRODUCTION Despite increased public awareness of health care related issues, studies have shown... more INTRODUCTION Despite increased public awareness of health care related issues, studies have shown that many patients do not know how, when, or with what to take their medications and are not aware of potential side effects. • Other studies have shown that inadequate communication about medication is one of the principal reasons why 30 to 50 percent of patients deviate from their medical regimen. · Providing the patient with written information leaflets about prescription drugs has been shown to help reinforce the verbal counselling a patient receives.• In an effort to assess our prescription counselling service, an evaluation was conducted by the Pharmacy Department at the Tom Baker Cancer Centre (TBCC), an outpatient treatment facility. The purpose was to assess patient recall of his/her therapeutic regimen, as well as to obtain feedback about the written information leaflet provided. The objective of the evaluation was also to assess the patient's subjective impressions of the...
Amiodarone is an iodinated benzofuran derivative used in the treatment of supraventricular and ve... more Amiodarone is an iodinated benzofuran derivative used in the treatment of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias refractory to conventional therapy. It has complex pharmacokinetics and the potential for a wide range of adverse effects. Amiodarone pulmonary toxicity is the most serious adverse event and is well documented in the literature. We report a fatal case of respiratory failure shortly after the initiation of amiodarone therapy.
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 2021
Canadian Pharmacists Journal / Revue des Pharmaciens du Canada, 2017
Objective: To evaluate pharmacists’ attitudes toward the Take Home Naloxone (THN) program and ide... more Objective: To evaluate pharmacists’ attitudes toward the Take Home Naloxone (THN) program and identify areas that could be improved to support pharmacists’ involvement. Methods: Pharmacists on the Alberta College of Pharmacists’ directory were invited to complete an online survey between July 10 and August 8, 2016. The survey consisted of 19 questions. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: Four hundred seventy pharmacists completed the survey (response rate = 11.2%). A total of 76.8% of respondents strongly agreed or agreed that pharmacists should be screening patients to identify those at risk of opioid overdose. Full-time pharmacists were more likely to agree ( p = 0.02). A total of 79.8% of respondents strongly agreed or agreed that pharmacists should be recommending THN kits. Pharmacists working in large population centres ( p = 0.008) and full-time pharmacists ( p = 0.02) were more likely to agree with this statement. Furthermore, 60.6% of pharmacists w...
The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 2017
Skinmed, 2016
A 47-year-old African American man was seen for routine follow-up for his human immunodeficiency ... more A 47-year-old African American man was seen for routine follow-up for his human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient's medical history included insomnia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, pulmonary embolism, right shoulder musculoskeletal pain, latent tuberculosis infection, sickle cell trait (hemoglobin S variant), and HIV of 24 years' duration.
The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 2016
THE ULUTAS MEDICAL JOURNAL, 2015
Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2015
Patients with suspected thiamine deficiency should receive treatment with parenteral thiamine to ... more Patients with suspected thiamine deficiency should receive treatment with parenteral thiamine to achieve the high serum thiamine levels necessary to reverse the effects of deficiency and to circumvent problems with absorption common in the medically ill. To quantify rates of parenteral administration of thiamine across university-affiliated hospitals and to identify factors associated with higher rates of parenteral prescribing. Multicenter, retrospective observational study of thiamine prescriptions. Prescriptions for thiamine were captured from computerized pharmacy information systems across participating centers, providing information concerning dose, route, frequency, and duration of thiamine prescribed from January 2010 to December 2011. Fourteen university-affiliated tertiary care hospitals geographically distributed across Canada, including 48,806 prescriptions for thiamine provided to 32,213 hospitalized patients. Parenteral thiamine accounted for a statistically significant majority of thiamine prescriptions (57.6%, P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001); however, oral thiamine constituted a significant majority of the total doses prescribed (68.4%, z = 168.9; P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). Protocols prioritizing parenteral administration were associated with higher rates of parenteral prescribing (61.3% with protocol, 45.8% without protocol; P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). Patients admitted under psychiatry services were significantly more likely to be prescribed oral thiamine (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). Although parenteral thiamine accounted for a statistically significant majority of prescriptions, oral thiamine was commonly prescribed within academic hospitals. Additional strategies are needed to promote parenteral thiamine prescribing to patients with suspected thiamine deficiency. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2015. © 2015 Society of Hospital Medicine.
The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care, 2006
The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 2013
Background: Patients with peripheral artery disease are 6 times as likely as healthy individuals ... more Background: Patients with peripheral artery disease are 6 times as likely as healthy individuals to die of cardiovascular causes within 10 years after diagnosis. Combination therapy with a statin, an angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), and an antiplatelet agent is recommended to reduce cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease, especially those with concomitant diabetes mellitus and those who have undergone vascular surgery. Objectives: The primary objective was to determine the proportion of patients with concurrent diabetes and peripheral artery disease who were receiving therapy with a statin, ACE inhibitor or ARB, and antiplatelet agent (acetylsalicylic acid or clopidogrel) at the time of discharge after vascular surgery. The secondary objectives were to determine if target blood pressure was achieved and if smoking cessation therapy was offered and/or provided. Methods: This pilot study was a retrospective, cross-sectional chart analysis. The health records database for Alberta Health Services was searched to identify patients with diabetes who underwent vascular surgery at the Foothills Hospital in Calgary with discharge between January 1 and June 30, 2010. In addition to baseline demographic characteristics, blood pressure values at the time of admission and discharge were collected. Discharge medications, including cardiovascular medications such as statins, ACE inhibitor or ARB, and antiplatelet agents, were recorded. Descriptive analysis of the data was performed. Results: Of the 42 patients for whom charts were obtained, 25 (60%) had prescriptions for cardiovascular triple therapy (statin, ACE inhibitor or ARB, antiplatelet agent). Just over half of the patients (23 [55%]) had achieved target blood pressure (< 130/80 mm Hg) at the time of discharge. Of the 14 current smokers, 9 (64%) had documented evidence in the chart that smoking cessation counselling was offered and/or drug therapy was provided. Conclusion: Only about half of the patients in this study were receiving cardiovascular triple therapy, which suggests that many patients were not receiving optimal vascular protection. A larger study is needed to review prescribing patterns for patients with peripheral artery disease.