carlos angulo - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by carlos angulo

In this paper, a method based on Bayesian estimation with prior MRF models for segmentation of ra... more In this paper, a method based on Bayesian estimation with prior MRF models for segmentation of range images of polyhedral objects is presented. This method includes new ways to determine the confidence associated with the information given for every pixel in the image as well an improved method for the localization of the boundaries between regions. The performance of the method compares favorably with other state of the art procedures when evaluated using standard benchmark.

In this paper a simple optimization is carried out for a widely known k-e turbulence model by usi... more In this paper a simple optimization is carried out for a widely known k-e turbulence model by using a random search to find improved sets of closure coefficients for this specific type of flow. This preliminary work tries to show whether the optimization of these parameters also implies an improvement for different airfoils. The results show that this hypothesis is valid.

Informes De Investigacion, 2012

En lo que concierne a la infraestructura de transporte en todas sus modalidades, y cuando se le c... more En lo que concierne a la infraestructura de transporte en todas sus modalidades, y cuando se le compara con otros paises de similar nivel de desarrollo, Colombia presenta un rezago importante (Foro Economico Mundial, 2012). En la calidad de sus carreteras, el pais ocupa el puesto 126 entre 144 naciones, una posicion similar a la de Lesoto (110) o Uganda (110) y muy inferior a la de Kenia (72), Nicaragua (75) o Republica Domi- nicana (62). En vias ferreas, Colombia ocupa el puesto 109 y tambien tiene un atraso considerable. La situacion no varia para puertos (puesto 125) ni para transporte aereo (puesto 106).

Revista Colombiana De Sociologia, 2008

Open Data Journal for Agricultural Research, 2016

The data set includes a current representative management treatment from detailed, quality-tested... more The data set includes a current representative management treatment from detailed, quality-tested sentinel field experiments with wheat from four contrasting environments including Australia, The Netherlands, India and Argentina. Measurements include local daily climate data (solar radiation, maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, surface wind, dew point temperature, relative humidity, and vapor pressure), soil characteristics, frequent growth, nitrogen in crop and soil, crop and soil water and yield components. Simulations include results from 27 wheat models and a sensitivity analysis with 26 models and 30 years (1981-2010) for each location, for elevated atmospheric CO₂ and temperature changes, a heat stress sensitivity analysis at anthesis, and a sensitivity analysis with soil and crop management variations and a Global Climate Model end-century scenario.

This paper describes a solution developed for medicines reconciliation at the Hospital de Fuenlab... more This paper describes a solution developed for medicines reconciliation at the Hospital de Fuenlabrada in Madrid. It is based on the use of a CEN/ISO 13606 based patient summary that is shared between primary care and the hospital center. The 13606 norm and archetypes were used to achieve the semantic interoperability of the clinical information together with SNOMED CT and the Spanish National Medication Database. This approach has showed that it is feasible to achieve a patient security improvement in an innovative and collaborative way.

Handbook of Climate Change and Agroecosystems, 2015

ABSTRACT Many simulation studies have been carried out to predict the effect of climate change on... more ABSTRACT Many simulation studies have been carried out to predict the effect of climate change on crop yield. Typically, in such study, one or several crop models are used to simulate series of crop yield values for different climate scenarios corresponding to different hypotheses of temperature, CO2 concentration, and rainfall changes. These studies usually generate large datasets including thousands of simulated yield data. The structure of these datasets is complex because they include series of yield values obtained with different mechanistic crop models for different climate scenarios defined from several climatic variables (temperature, CO2 etc.). Statistical methods can play a big part for analyzing large simulated crop yield datasets, especially when yields are simulated using an ensemble of crop models. A formal statistical analysis is then needed in order to estimate the effects of different climatic variables on yield, and to describe the variability of these effects across crop models. Statistical methods are also useful to develop meta-models i.e., statistical models summarizing complex mechanistic models. The objective of this paper is to present a random-coefficient statistical model (mixed-effects model) for analyzing large simulated crop yield datasets produced by the international project AgMip for several major crops. The proposed statistical model shows several interesting features; i) it can be used to estimate the effects of several climate variables on yield using crop model simulations, ii) it quantities the variability of the estimated climate change effects across crop models, ii) it quantifies the between-year yield variability, iv) it can be used as a meta-model in order to estimate effects of new climate change scenarios without running again the mechanistic crop models. The statistical model is first presented in details, and its value is then illustrated in a case study where the effects of climate change scenarios on different crops are compared.

Since the approval of the CEN EN13606 norm for the electronic health record communication, a grow... more Since the approval of the CEN EN13606 norm for the electronic health record communication, a growing interest around the application of this specification has emerged. The main objective of the norm is to serve as a mechanism to achieve the semantic interoperability of clinical data. This will require an effort to use common terminologies, to normalise the clinical knowledge domain and to combine all these formalisations with the existing information systems. This paper presents a methodology and developed tools to reach the seamless semantic interoperability of health data in legacy systems and several study cases where the developed framework has been applied.

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 2007

The study about a variable geometry truss is presented. The first step is a kinematic design and ... more The study about a variable geometry truss is presented. The first step is a kinematic design and later an analysis using the MSC/Adams code. Then, the finite-element method with the MSC/Nastran code was used to develop a variable mathematical model to characterize its mechanical behaviour. An explanation is given of the solution selected to analyse the most complex joints. A series of measurements were carried out using different experimental techniques. The aim of photogrammetry tests is to study clearance effect in the joints. On the other hand, measurements of the stiffness were carried out to introduce these data in the finite-element model and thus characterize the accurate position of the structure.

2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has recently approved a new standard for... more The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has recently approved a new standard for the communication and semantic interoperability of electronic health record extracts. This standard is based on a dual model architecture, where a simple and generic reference model is defined for the representation of data and an archetype model is used for the representation of complex domain concepts of the electronic health record. By using this standard and a tool called LinkEHR-Ed, we have defined different types of hospital discharge reports in the form of archetypes and then we have normalized automatically discharge reports instances in a real environment following those archetype definitions. This work proves that it is possible to standardize legacy data automatically and enrich them with a semantic information layer by using archetypes as an integration and standardization mechanism.

2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008

We present the mapping and data transformation capabilities of LinkEHR-Ed, a visual tool to const... more We present the mapping and data transformation capabilities of LinkEHR-Ed, a visual tool to construct formal definitions of medical concepts in the form of archetypes which can be defined on the basis on multiple electronic health record architecture such as ISO 13606. With LinkEHR-Ed, users can enrich archetypes with mapping information which captures the relationship between relational or XML data sources and archetype structures. This mapping information is then analyzed and compiled into an XQuery expression that transforms source instances into an XML document. The target document satisfies the constraints imposed by the archetype and at the same time is compliant with the underlying electronic health record architecture.

2006 International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2006

Privacy of personal health information is the target of many efforts of Health Information System... more Privacy of personal health information is the target of many efforts of Health Information Systems administrators. But every person has the right to gain access and control his own information security rules. In this work we propose a framework for the definition of access policies oriented to its use by the legal owners of data: the patients. At the same time, the framework guarantees some degree of decision and control to other levels of responsibility: the organization custodian of the information and the health professionals responsible of generating and incorporating the clinical data of a patient. Finally, this framework is based in the CEN EN13606 standard to assure the interoperability of the defined access policies.

Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2013

This study developed a framework for the shape optimization of aerodynamics profiles using comput... more This study developed a framework for the shape optimization of aerodynamics profiles using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and genetic algorithms. A genetic algorithm code and a commercial CFD code were integrated to develop a CFD shape optimization tool. The results obtained demonstrated the effectiveness of the developed tool. The shape optimization of airfoils was studied using different strategies to demonstrate the capacity of this tool with different GA parameter combinations.

Journal of Mechanical Design, 2009

A metamodeling methodology is applied to reduce the large computational cost required in the desi... more A metamodeling methodology is applied to reduce the large computational cost required in the design of variable geometry trusses (VGTs). Using this methodology, submodels of finite elements within a complete FE model of the VGT are substituted by groups of fewer elements called equivalent parametric macroelements (EPMs). The EPM optimum parameters are obtained using equivalence criteria based on elastic energy and inertial properties. The optimization process is performed using nonlinear least square minimization and genetic algorithms.

Standardization of data is a prerequisite to achieve seman- tic interoperability in ,any domain. ... more Standardization of data is a prerequisite to achieve seman- tic interoperability in ,any domain. This is even more important in the healthcare sector where the need for exchanging health related data among professional and institutions is not an exception but the rule. Currently, there are several international organizations working on the definition of electronic health record architectures, some of

International Journal of Medical Informatics, 2009

Purpose. To develop a powerful archetype editing framework capable of handling multiple reference... more Purpose. To develop a powerful archetype editing framework capable of handling multiple reference models and oriented towards the semantic description and standardization of legacy data. Methods. The main prerequisite for implementing tools providing enhanced support for archetypes is the clear specification of archetype semantics. We propose a formalization of the definition section of archetypes based on types over tree-structured data. It covers the specialization of archetypes, the relationship between reference models and archetypes and conformance of data instances to archetypes. Results. LinkEHR-Ed a visual archetype editor based on the former formalization with advanced processing capabilities that supports multiple reference models, the editing and semantic validation of archetypes, the specification of mappings to data sources, and the automatic generation of data transformation scripts. Conclusions. LinkEHR-Ed is a useful tool for building, processing and validating archetypes based on any reference model.

In this paper, a method based on Bayesian estimation with prior MRF models for segmentation of ra... more In this paper, a method based on Bayesian estimation with prior MRF models for segmentation of range images of polyhedral objects is presented. This method includes new ways to determine the confidence associated with the information given for every pixel in the image as well an improved method for the localization of the boundaries between regions. The performance of the method compares favorably with other state of the art procedures when evaluated using standard benchmark.

In this paper a simple optimization is carried out for a widely known k-e turbulence model by usi... more In this paper a simple optimization is carried out for a widely known k-e turbulence model by using a random search to find improved sets of closure coefficients for this specific type of flow. This preliminary work tries to show whether the optimization of these parameters also implies an improvement for different airfoils. The results show that this hypothesis is valid.

Informes De Investigacion, 2012

En lo que concierne a la infraestructura de transporte en todas sus modalidades, y cuando se le c... more En lo que concierne a la infraestructura de transporte en todas sus modalidades, y cuando se le compara con otros paises de similar nivel de desarrollo, Colombia presenta un rezago importante (Foro Economico Mundial, 2012). En la calidad de sus carreteras, el pais ocupa el puesto 126 entre 144 naciones, una posicion similar a la de Lesoto (110) o Uganda (110) y muy inferior a la de Kenia (72), Nicaragua (75) o Republica Domi- nicana (62). En vias ferreas, Colombia ocupa el puesto 109 y tambien tiene un atraso considerable. La situacion no varia para puertos (puesto 125) ni para transporte aereo (puesto 106).

Revista Colombiana De Sociologia, 2008

Open Data Journal for Agricultural Research, 2016

The data set includes a current representative management treatment from detailed, quality-tested... more The data set includes a current representative management treatment from detailed, quality-tested sentinel field experiments with wheat from four contrasting environments including Australia, The Netherlands, India and Argentina. Measurements include local daily climate data (solar radiation, maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, surface wind, dew point temperature, relative humidity, and vapor pressure), soil characteristics, frequent growth, nitrogen in crop and soil, crop and soil water and yield components. Simulations include results from 27 wheat models and a sensitivity analysis with 26 models and 30 years (1981-2010) for each location, for elevated atmospheric CO₂ and temperature changes, a heat stress sensitivity analysis at anthesis, and a sensitivity analysis with soil and crop management variations and a Global Climate Model end-century scenario.

This paper describes a solution developed for medicines reconciliation at the Hospital de Fuenlab... more This paper describes a solution developed for medicines reconciliation at the Hospital de Fuenlabrada in Madrid. It is based on the use of a CEN/ISO 13606 based patient summary that is shared between primary care and the hospital center. The 13606 norm and archetypes were used to achieve the semantic interoperability of the clinical information together with SNOMED CT and the Spanish National Medication Database. This approach has showed that it is feasible to achieve a patient security improvement in an innovative and collaborative way.

Handbook of Climate Change and Agroecosystems, 2015

ABSTRACT Many simulation studies have been carried out to predict the effect of climate change on... more ABSTRACT Many simulation studies have been carried out to predict the effect of climate change on crop yield. Typically, in such study, one or several crop models are used to simulate series of crop yield values for different climate scenarios corresponding to different hypotheses of temperature, CO2 concentration, and rainfall changes. These studies usually generate large datasets including thousands of simulated yield data. The structure of these datasets is complex because they include series of yield values obtained with different mechanistic crop models for different climate scenarios defined from several climatic variables (temperature, CO2 etc.). Statistical methods can play a big part for analyzing large simulated crop yield datasets, especially when yields are simulated using an ensemble of crop models. A formal statistical analysis is then needed in order to estimate the effects of different climatic variables on yield, and to describe the variability of these effects across crop models. Statistical methods are also useful to develop meta-models i.e., statistical models summarizing complex mechanistic models. The objective of this paper is to present a random-coefficient statistical model (mixed-effects model) for analyzing large simulated crop yield datasets produced by the international project AgMip for several major crops. The proposed statistical model shows several interesting features; i) it can be used to estimate the effects of several climate variables on yield using crop model simulations, ii) it quantities the variability of the estimated climate change effects across crop models, ii) it quantifies the between-year yield variability, iv) it can be used as a meta-model in order to estimate effects of new climate change scenarios without running again the mechanistic crop models. The statistical model is first presented in details, and its value is then illustrated in a case study where the effects of climate change scenarios on different crops are compared.

Since the approval of the CEN EN13606 norm for the electronic health record communication, a grow... more Since the approval of the CEN EN13606 norm for the electronic health record communication, a growing interest around the application of this specification has emerged. The main objective of the norm is to serve as a mechanism to achieve the semantic interoperability of clinical data. This will require an effort to use common terminologies, to normalise the clinical knowledge domain and to combine all these formalisations with the existing information systems. This paper presents a methodology and developed tools to reach the seamless semantic interoperability of health data in legacy systems and several study cases where the developed framework has been applied.

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 2007

The study about a variable geometry truss is presented. The first step is a kinematic design and ... more The study about a variable geometry truss is presented. The first step is a kinematic design and later an analysis using the MSC/Adams code. Then, the finite-element method with the MSC/Nastran code was used to develop a variable mathematical model to characterize its mechanical behaviour. An explanation is given of the solution selected to analyse the most complex joints. A series of measurements were carried out using different experimental techniques. The aim of photogrammetry tests is to study clearance effect in the joints. On the other hand, measurements of the stiffness were carried out to introduce these data in the finite-element model and thus characterize the accurate position of the structure.

2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has recently approved a new standard for... more The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has recently approved a new standard for the communication and semantic interoperability of electronic health record extracts. This standard is based on a dual model architecture, where a simple and generic reference model is defined for the representation of data and an archetype model is used for the representation of complex domain concepts of the electronic health record. By using this standard and a tool called LinkEHR-Ed, we have defined different types of hospital discharge reports in the form of archetypes and then we have normalized automatically discharge reports instances in a real environment following those archetype definitions. This work proves that it is possible to standardize legacy data automatically and enrich them with a semantic information layer by using archetypes as an integration and standardization mechanism.

2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008

We present the mapping and data transformation capabilities of LinkEHR-Ed, a visual tool to const... more We present the mapping and data transformation capabilities of LinkEHR-Ed, a visual tool to construct formal definitions of medical concepts in the form of archetypes which can be defined on the basis on multiple electronic health record architecture such as ISO 13606. With LinkEHR-Ed, users can enrich archetypes with mapping information which captures the relationship between relational or XML data sources and archetype structures. This mapping information is then analyzed and compiled into an XQuery expression that transforms source instances into an XML document. The target document satisfies the constraints imposed by the archetype and at the same time is compliant with the underlying electronic health record architecture.

2006 International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2006

Privacy of personal health information is the target of many efforts of Health Information System... more Privacy of personal health information is the target of many efforts of Health Information Systems administrators. But every person has the right to gain access and control his own information security rules. In this work we propose a framework for the definition of access policies oriented to its use by the legal owners of data: the patients. At the same time, the framework guarantees some degree of decision and control to other levels of responsibility: the organization custodian of the information and the health professionals responsible of generating and incorporating the clinical data of a patient. Finally, this framework is based in the CEN EN13606 standard to assure the interoperability of the defined access policies.

Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2013

This study developed a framework for the shape optimization of aerodynamics profiles using comput... more This study developed a framework for the shape optimization of aerodynamics profiles using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and genetic algorithms. A genetic algorithm code and a commercial CFD code were integrated to develop a CFD shape optimization tool. The results obtained demonstrated the effectiveness of the developed tool. The shape optimization of airfoils was studied using different strategies to demonstrate the capacity of this tool with different GA parameter combinations.

Journal of Mechanical Design, 2009

A metamodeling methodology is applied to reduce the large computational cost required in the desi... more A metamodeling methodology is applied to reduce the large computational cost required in the design of variable geometry trusses (VGTs). Using this methodology, submodels of finite elements within a complete FE model of the VGT are substituted by groups of fewer elements called equivalent parametric macroelements (EPMs). The EPM optimum parameters are obtained using equivalence criteria based on elastic energy and inertial properties. The optimization process is performed using nonlinear least square minimization and genetic algorithms.

Standardization of data is a prerequisite to achieve seman- tic interoperability in ,any domain. ... more Standardization of data is a prerequisite to achieve seman- tic interoperability in ,any domain. This is even more important in the healthcare sector where the need for exchanging health related data among professional and institutions is not an exception but the rule. Currently, there are several international organizations working on the definition of electronic health record architectures, some of

International Journal of Medical Informatics, 2009

Purpose. To develop a powerful archetype editing framework capable of handling multiple reference... more Purpose. To develop a powerful archetype editing framework capable of handling multiple reference models and oriented towards the semantic description and standardization of legacy data. Methods. The main prerequisite for implementing tools providing enhanced support for archetypes is the clear specification of archetype semantics. We propose a formalization of the definition section of archetypes based on types over tree-structured data. It covers the specialization of archetypes, the relationship between reference models and archetypes and conformance of data instances to archetypes. Results. LinkEHR-Ed a visual archetype editor based on the former formalization with advanced processing capabilities that supports multiple reference models, the editing and semantic validation of archetypes, the specification of mappings to data sources, and the automatic generation of data transformation scripts. Conclusions. LinkEHR-Ed is a useful tool for building, processing and validating archetypes based on any reference model.