carlos roncero - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by carlos roncero
Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Jun 14, 2021
Introduction: Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is approved for treating chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) g... more Introduction: Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is approved for treating chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes (GT) 1-6. We evaluated realworld effectiveness, safety, and patient-reported outcomes of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir in underserved patient populations, focusing on persons who use drugs infected with HCV. Methods: Data were pooled from nine countries (13 November 2017-31 January 2020). Patients had HCV GT1-6, with or without compensated cirrhosis, with or without prior HCV treatment and received glecaprevir/pibrentasvir consistent with local label at their physician's discretion. Patients with prior direct-acting antiviral exposure were excluded from efficacy and quality-of-life analyses. The percentage of patients achieving sustained virologic response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12) was assessed. Mean changes from baseline to SVR12 visit in 36-Item Short-Form
Revista española de drogodependencias, 2021
Actas españolas de psiquiatría
The hyperviscosity syndrome has been described clinically as the triad of bleeding, visual signs ... more The hyperviscosity syndrome has been described clinically as the triad of bleeding, visual signs and neurological manifestations associated with elevated serum viscosity. Several reports have recognised an association between hyperviscosity and altered mental status. Since to our knowledge only a case of hyperviscosity-induced delirium has been described (1), we raise the possibility of this diagnosis in the most of this reported cases, based on the nature of the symptoms, sudden onset and fluctuating course, and its resolution with plasmapheresis. In this paper we review the literature about hyperviscosity syndrome and altered mental status. In conclusion, serum hyperviscosity should be added to the large list of causes altered mental status, especially of delirium. Since plasmapheresis can reverse clinical symptoms, it early recognition and the measurement of serum viscosity is essential in patients suffering from diseases that may lead to this syndrome, and who develop psychiatri...
Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Jun 14, 2021
Introduction: Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is approved for treating chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) g... more Introduction: Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is approved for treating chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes (GT) 1-6. We evaluated realworld effectiveness, safety, and patient-reported outcomes of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir in underserved patient populations, focusing on persons who use drugs infected with HCV. Methods: Data were pooled from nine countries (13 November 2017-31 January 2020). Patients had HCV GT1-6, with or without compensated cirrhosis, with or without prior HCV treatment and received glecaprevir/pibrentasvir consistent with local label at their physician's discretion. Patients with prior direct-acting antiviral exposure were excluded from efficacy and quality-of-life analyses. The percentage of patients achieving sustained virologic response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12) was assessed. Mean changes from baseline to SVR12 visit in 36-Item Short-Form
Revista española de drogodependencias, 2021
Actas españolas de psiquiatría
The hyperviscosity syndrome has been described clinically as the triad of bleeding, visual signs ... more The hyperviscosity syndrome has been described clinically as the triad of bleeding, visual signs and neurological manifestations associated with elevated serum viscosity. Several reports have recognised an association between hyperviscosity and altered mental status. Since to our knowledge only a case of hyperviscosity-induced delirium has been described (1), we raise the possibility of this diagnosis in the most of this reported cases, based on the nature of the symptoms, sudden onset and fluctuating course, and its resolution with plasmapheresis. In this paper we review the literature about hyperviscosity syndrome and altered mental status. In conclusion, serum hyperviscosity should be added to the large list of causes altered mental status, especially of delirium. Since plasmapheresis can reverse clinical symptoms, it early recognition and the measurement of serum viscosity is essential in patients suffering from diseases that may lead to this syndrome, and who develop psychiatri...
Psychiatry Research, 2014
International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, Jul 16, 2021
Objective: The coronavirus has spread around the world, causing an ongoing pandemic. After the lo... more Objective: The coronavirus has spread around the world, causing an ongoing pandemic. After the lockdown and quarantine protocols, an evaluation of the population's current emotional state was made through a web-based survey available in both English and Spanish. The objective was to observe how respondents perceived stress and worry as a result of COVID-19. Methods: The survey gathered data across three sections: socio-demographic data, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) by Cohen, and additional queries on current worries and behaviors due to this pandemic. Results: The survey received 1523 respondents from 48 countries. The mean of the PSS-10 score was 17.4 (SD 6.5). Significantly higher scores were observed among women, young adults, students, and those who expressed concern about getting infected and considered themselves high-risk. No significant differences were observed between health professionals and other professions.
American Journal on Addictions, May 15, 2013
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly prevalent amo... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly prevalent among drug abusers. We studied the psychiatric comorbidity and characteristics of cocaine use in relation to the presence of ADHD among patients with cocaine dependence. METHODS A total of 200 cocaine-dependent patients attending an Outpatient Drug Clinic participated in the study. A systematic evaluation of ADHD (CAADID-II), the severity of addiction (EuropASI) and other axes I and II psychiatric disorders was made (SCID-I and SCID-II). A descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analysis of the data was performed. RESULTS In the multivariate analysis, the identified risk factors for the development of ADHD were a history of behavioral disorder in childhood (OR: 3.04), a lifetime history of cannabis dependence in the course of life (OR: 2.68), and age at the start of treatment (OR: 1.08). The bivariate analysis showed ADHD to be associated with other factors such as male gender, age at start of cocaine use and dependence, the amount of cocaine consumed weekly, increased occupational alteration, alcohol consumption, general psychological discomfort, depressive disorder, and antisocial personality disorder. CONCLUSIONS AND SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE We conclude that ADHD is associated with increased psychiatric comorbidity and greater severity of addiction.
Psychiatry Research-neuroimaging, May 1, 2023
PubMed, May 1, 2019
Objectives: To compare alcohol and other drugs abuse, state impulsivity, craving and the relation... more Objectives: To compare alcohol and other drugs abuse, state impulsivity, craving and the relationship between craving and impulsivity in alcohol-dependent patients with or without dual disorder attending to an alcohol treatment center in Cadiz town. Method: An observational, descriptive and transversal study performed on 112 alcohol dependent patient sample who were seeking treatment in ARCA outpatient treatment center in Cadiz. The sample was divided in two groups, according to present dual diagnosis or not. The sample was assessed with an AdHoc sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and specific scales and interviews that included: 5.0 Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview results (MINI), State Impulsivity Scale (SIS), and Multidimensional Alcohol Craving Scale (MACS). Results: The prevalence of dual diagnosis was 50%, being the most prevalent disorders: Current and recurrent Major Depressive Episode Mood Disorder, Current Dysthymic Mood Disorder, Panic Disorder and Anxiety Disorder. 52,7% of the total sample had a positive result on the State Impulsivity Scale. No statistically significant results were found on the Craving Scale (neither in the score or in the sub-sections). A relationship between craving and impulsivity were found for all groups and researched items. Conclusions: As a relationship between craving and impulsivity was observed, these aspects should be considered as main factors for the treatment and evolution of alcohol- dependent patients.
PubMed, Sep 1, 2022
Alexithymia is highly prevalent in patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) and has been impl... more Alexithymia is highly prevalent in patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) and has been implied in SUD pathogenesis and treatment outcomes. However, the psychometric properties of the most-used instrument for evaluating alexithymia (the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, TAS-20) have been scarcely studied in relation to SUD patients.
LIBRO COMUNICACIONES, 2020
INTRODUCTION Impulsivity and Alexithymia are related to substance use disorders (SUD) as risk fac... more INTRODUCTION Impulsivity and Alexithymia are related to substance use disorders (SUD) as risk factors (1,2), several cognitive skills are implied in both traits (1,2). However, few researches are published on their mutual relationship in SUD patients. OBJECTIVES To describe the correlations between alexithymia and impulsivity in SUD patients. METHODS Patients with SUD (according to DSM-5) were evaluated with invited to participate in an addiction treatment Ad-Hoc questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20), Barratt impulsivity scales (BIS-11) and Dickamn functional dysfunctional impulsivity scale (FIDI) were performed in all patients. RESULTS 93 patients completed the full evaluation, the total score of TAS-20 was significantly related to total scores of BIS-11 and FIDI. Analyzing subscales, Difficulty Describing Feelings subscale describe better the association between total TAS-20 scores and impulsivity, and it may be the link between dysfunctional impulsivity and alexithymia. Externally-Oriented Thinking subscale was fewer correlated to any BIS-11 factor compared to the other subscales of TAS-20. Interestingly, cognitive impulsivity is not related to total TAS-20 scores and the TAS-20 subscales. CONCLUSIONS Alexythimia and impulsivity are related in SUD (especially some subfactors are better associated), and hence these relations should be considered when conducting therapeutic approaches. REFERENCIAS 1. Morie KP, Yip SW, Nich C, Hunkele K, Carroll KM, Potenza MN. Alexithymia and Addiction: A Review and Preliminary Data Suggesting Neurobiological Links to Reward/Loss Processing. Curr Addict Rep. 2016;3(2):239-248 2. Shishido H, Gaher RM, Simons JS. I don't know how I feel, therefore I act: alexithymia, urgency, and alcohol problems. Addict Behav. 2013;38(4):2014-7. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.12.014.
European Neuropsychopharmacology, 2019
Genetic factors involved in the susceptibility to drug addiction still remain largely unknown. Mi... more Genetic factors involved in the susceptibility to drug addiction still remain largely unknown. MiRNAs seem to play key roles in the drug-induced plasticity of the brain that likely drives the emergence of addiction. In this work we explored the role of miRNAs in drug addiction. With this aim, we selected 62 SNPs located in the 3'UTR of target genes that are predicted to alter the binding of miRNA molecules and performed a case-control association study in a Spanish sample of 735 cases (mainly cocainedependent subjects with multiple drug dependencies) and 739 controls. We found an association between rs1047383 in the PLCB1 gene and drug dependence that was replicated in an independent sample (663 cases and 667 controls). Then we selected 9 miRNAs predicted to bind the rs1047383 region, but none of them showed any effect on PLCB1 expression. We also assessed two miRNAs binding a region that contains a SNP in linkage disequilibrium with rs1047383, but although one of them, hsa-miR-582, was found to downregulate PLCB1, no differences were observed between alleles. Finally, we explored the possibility that PLCB1 expression is altered by cocaine and we observed a significant upregulation of the gene in the nucleus accumbens of cocaine abusers and in human dopaminergic-like neurons after cocaine treatment. Our results, together with previous studies, suggest that PLCB1 participates in the susceptibility to drug dependence. Drug dependence is one of the major health problems worldwide. In Europe, about 25% of adults are estimated to have tried illicit drugs at some point in their lives 1. Usually drug consumers use more than one drug at the same time: for example, within the group of European individuals who consumed a psychoactive substance in the last 12 months, 33% had consumed two different substances and 10% had used three 2. This high prevalence of polydrug abuse is due to common and drug-specific genetic and environmental factors 3-5. It is well known that addictions are moderately to highly heritable (from 0.39 in the case of hallucinogens to 0.72 for cocaine), although the specific genetic risk factors involved in its predisposition remain largely unknown 6-9. Transcriptomic studies in animal and cellular models, as well as human studies in postmortem brain samples from addicted individuals, have revealed that both acute and chronic drug exposure produce epigenetic adaptations and changes in gene expression 10. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that some genes whose expression is altered by cocaine also contribute to cocaine dependence susceptibility 11, 12. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory noncoding RNA molecules (about 18-25 nucleotides in length) that control gene expression through direct binding to 3′untranslated regions (3′UTRs) of target mRNAs causing translational repression or mRNA degradation. One single miRNA can target and regulate hundreds of mRNAs
Revista Clinica Espanola, Aug 1, 2017
Buenos usos y riesgos de los fármacos opiáceos Good use and risks of opioid drugs * Autor para co... more Buenos usos y riesgos de los fármacos opiáceos Good use and risks of opioid drugs * Autor para correspondencia.
European Psychiatry, 2013
Introduction Cocaine consumption can induce transient psychotic symptoms. Cocaine induced psychos... more Introduction Cocaine consumption can induce transient psychotic symptoms. Cocaine induced psychosis (CIP) is common but not developed in all cases. However, prevalence and clinical features are not well known. In psychiatry settings different studies have reported prevalence ranging between 29%–86.5%.There are few samples including more than 150 patients for studding this topic. Objectives The objective of this study is to determinate the CIP prevalence and the most prevalent psychotic symptoms. Aims We study presence of psychotic symptoms using a clinical interview for psychotic symptoms in a large sample of 287 cocaine-dependent patients. We study the presence of psychotic symptoms using a clinical interview for psychotic symptoms in a large sample of cocainedependent patients. Patients suffering from schizophrenia or bipolar disorders were excluded. Finally we included 287 patients in the study. (80.8% men and 35.77 yo). Methods A structured interview were systematically conducted. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV Axis I and Axis II disorders were used in order to identify the comorbidity. Results Psychotic symptoms were detected in 59.9% of the sample. The most frequent symptoms reported lifetime was suspiciousness 38.6% and paranoid beliefs 27.2% Auditory hallucinations were reported by 23.6%, visual hallucinations by 13.3%, and kinesthetic hallucinations by 7.8%. Motor alterations were not evaluated. Conclusions Our dates confirm previous study. CIP prevalence is high. Motor alterations were not evaluated, so symptoms could be underestimated. Identifying this kind of symptoms can be useful in order to minimize risks of psychotic states for the patients or others.
European Psychiatry, Apr 1, 2021
Conclusions: This study revealed that with CAGE score greater than 3, male patients with AUD are ... more Conclusions: This study revealed that with CAGE score greater than 3, male patients with AUD are at higher risks of both physical and mental comorbidities. Further research as well as female participants are needed to identify the associations between the severity of alcohol use disorder and related diseases for comprehensive evaluation in Taiwan.
Psychopharmacology Bulletin, Feb 15, 2019
~ Cocaine-induced psychotic disorder (CIPD) is one of the most serious consequences of cocaine us... more ~ Cocaine-induced psychotic disorder (CIPD) is one of the most serious consequences of cocaine use. Despite the high frequency of CIPD, specific treatment for CIPD has been scarcely researched. Although supportive measures are the first approach, antipsychotic use is often necessary due to clinical severity and CIPD consequences. We report a 38-years-old man with substance use disorders in methadone maintenance treatment who relapsed on cocaine use and presented CIPD that was satisfactorily treated with asenapine. It is important further research on CIPD management, especially on asenapine and other second-generation antipsychotics du to its possible role in its treatment.
PubMed, Aug 2, 2012
Objectives: Cocaine consumption can induce transient psychotic symptoms expressed as paranoia or ... more Objectives: Cocaine consumption can induce transient psychotic symptoms expressed as paranoia or hallucinations. This work reviews that evidence and tries to obtain data regarding frequency of psychotic symptoms or cocaine induced psychosis (CIP), risks or associated factors. Method: Systematic review of studies found in PubMed database published until January 2011 where cocaine induced paranoia was present. Results: Cocaine induced paranoia has a particular clinical presentation. It needs to be clearly identified due to its harmful consequences. The prevalence is between 12% in clinical studies and 100% in experimental studies. The following are considered potential risk factors: age of first use and length, amount of substance, route of administration, body mass index, genetic factors, personal vulnerability and comorbidity with AXIS I (psychosis, ADHD) and AXIS II disorders (antisocial personality disorder). Conclusions: It is needed to research with larger samples of cocaine users of different countries and contexts, in order to identify and detail what variables are closely related in the development of cocaine induced paranoia, so the population at risk can be treated earlier.
Quality of Life Research, Aug 7, 2017
Purpose The comorbidity of any substance use disorder and another mental disorder is defined as d... more Purpose The comorbidity of any substance use disorder and another mental disorder is defined as dual diagnosis. Dual diagnosis is very common and clinical and therapeutic consequences have been described. This cross-sectional study aimed to analyse health-related quality of life (HRQoL) according to clinical characteristics and psychiatric comorbidities in patients with substance dependence. Methods A total of 1276 substance-dependent patients seeking treatment were recruited. HRQoL was evaluated by the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. The SCID-I, SCID-II and Conners' adult ADHD diagnostic interview were used to evaluate dual diagnosis. A visual analogue scale was used to measure craving. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed, and correction for multiple tests was conducted. Results Substance-dependent patients had impaired quality of life, especially in the mental component. SF-36 physical and mental component scores were 47.7 ± 10.9 and 36.1 ± 14.1, respectively. Furthermore, 65% of the patients had dual diagnosis, 51% had an Axis I DSM-IV-TR mental disorder and 35% had some personality disorder. Impaired physical quality of life was independently associated with medical condition, age, being female, depressive disorder and anxiety disorder. Depression disorder, any personality disorder, active consumption last month, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorder, suicide attempt were independently associated with worse mental quality of life. Conclusion These findings emphasize the significance of dual diagnosis in the impairment of HRQoL in substancedependent patients, particularly with regard to mental component. In addicted patients with low scores on SF-36, psychiatric comorbidity should be evaluated and treated in an integrated approach.
Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Jun 14, 2021
Introduction: Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is approved for treating chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) g... more Introduction: Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is approved for treating chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes (GT) 1-6. We evaluated realworld effectiveness, safety, and patient-reported outcomes of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir in underserved patient populations, focusing on persons who use drugs infected with HCV. Methods: Data were pooled from nine countries (13 November 2017-31 January 2020). Patients had HCV GT1-6, with or without compensated cirrhosis, with or without prior HCV treatment and received glecaprevir/pibrentasvir consistent with local label at their physician's discretion. Patients with prior direct-acting antiviral exposure were excluded from efficacy and quality-of-life analyses. The percentage of patients achieving sustained virologic response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12) was assessed. Mean changes from baseline to SVR12 visit in 36-Item Short-Form
Revista española de drogodependencias, 2021
Actas españolas de psiquiatría
The hyperviscosity syndrome has been described clinically as the triad of bleeding, visual signs ... more The hyperviscosity syndrome has been described clinically as the triad of bleeding, visual signs and neurological manifestations associated with elevated serum viscosity. Several reports have recognised an association between hyperviscosity and altered mental status. Since to our knowledge only a case of hyperviscosity-induced delirium has been described (1), we raise the possibility of this diagnosis in the most of this reported cases, based on the nature of the symptoms, sudden onset and fluctuating course, and its resolution with plasmapheresis. In this paper we review the literature about hyperviscosity syndrome and altered mental status. In conclusion, serum hyperviscosity should be added to the large list of causes altered mental status, especially of delirium. Since plasmapheresis can reverse clinical symptoms, it early recognition and the measurement of serum viscosity is essential in patients suffering from diseases that may lead to this syndrome, and who develop psychiatri...
Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Jun 14, 2021
Introduction: Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is approved for treating chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) g... more Introduction: Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is approved for treating chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes (GT) 1-6. We evaluated realworld effectiveness, safety, and patient-reported outcomes of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir in underserved patient populations, focusing on persons who use drugs infected with HCV. Methods: Data were pooled from nine countries (13 November 2017-31 January 2020). Patients had HCV GT1-6, with or without compensated cirrhosis, with or without prior HCV treatment and received glecaprevir/pibrentasvir consistent with local label at their physician's discretion. Patients with prior direct-acting antiviral exposure were excluded from efficacy and quality-of-life analyses. The percentage of patients achieving sustained virologic response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12) was assessed. Mean changes from baseline to SVR12 visit in 36-Item Short-Form
Revista española de drogodependencias, 2021
Actas españolas de psiquiatría
The hyperviscosity syndrome has been described clinically as the triad of bleeding, visual signs ... more The hyperviscosity syndrome has been described clinically as the triad of bleeding, visual signs and neurological manifestations associated with elevated serum viscosity. Several reports have recognised an association between hyperviscosity and altered mental status. Since to our knowledge only a case of hyperviscosity-induced delirium has been described (1), we raise the possibility of this diagnosis in the most of this reported cases, based on the nature of the symptoms, sudden onset and fluctuating course, and its resolution with plasmapheresis. In this paper we review the literature about hyperviscosity syndrome and altered mental status. In conclusion, serum hyperviscosity should be added to the large list of causes altered mental status, especially of delirium. Since plasmapheresis can reverse clinical symptoms, it early recognition and the measurement of serum viscosity is essential in patients suffering from diseases that may lead to this syndrome, and who develop psychiatri...
Psychiatry Research, 2014
International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, Jul 16, 2021
Objective: The coronavirus has spread around the world, causing an ongoing pandemic. After the lo... more Objective: The coronavirus has spread around the world, causing an ongoing pandemic. After the lockdown and quarantine protocols, an evaluation of the population's current emotional state was made through a web-based survey available in both English and Spanish. The objective was to observe how respondents perceived stress and worry as a result of COVID-19. Methods: The survey gathered data across three sections: socio-demographic data, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) by Cohen, and additional queries on current worries and behaviors due to this pandemic. Results: The survey received 1523 respondents from 48 countries. The mean of the PSS-10 score was 17.4 (SD 6.5). Significantly higher scores were observed among women, young adults, students, and those who expressed concern about getting infected and considered themselves high-risk. No significant differences were observed between health professionals and other professions.
American Journal on Addictions, May 15, 2013
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly prevalent amo... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly prevalent among drug abusers. We studied the psychiatric comorbidity and characteristics of cocaine use in relation to the presence of ADHD among patients with cocaine dependence. METHODS A total of 200 cocaine-dependent patients attending an Outpatient Drug Clinic participated in the study. A systematic evaluation of ADHD (CAADID-II), the severity of addiction (EuropASI) and other axes I and II psychiatric disorders was made (SCID-I and SCID-II). A descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analysis of the data was performed. RESULTS In the multivariate analysis, the identified risk factors for the development of ADHD were a history of behavioral disorder in childhood (OR: 3.04), a lifetime history of cannabis dependence in the course of life (OR: 2.68), and age at the start of treatment (OR: 1.08). The bivariate analysis showed ADHD to be associated with other factors such as male gender, age at start of cocaine use and dependence, the amount of cocaine consumed weekly, increased occupational alteration, alcohol consumption, general psychological discomfort, depressive disorder, and antisocial personality disorder. CONCLUSIONS AND SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE We conclude that ADHD is associated with increased psychiatric comorbidity and greater severity of addiction.
Psychiatry Research-neuroimaging, May 1, 2023
PubMed, May 1, 2019
Objectives: To compare alcohol and other drugs abuse, state impulsivity, craving and the relation... more Objectives: To compare alcohol and other drugs abuse, state impulsivity, craving and the relationship between craving and impulsivity in alcohol-dependent patients with or without dual disorder attending to an alcohol treatment center in Cadiz town. Method: An observational, descriptive and transversal study performed on 112 alcohol dependent patient sample who were seeking treatment in ARCA outpatient treatment center in Cadiz. The sample was divided in two groups, according to present dual diagnosis or not. The sample was assessed with an AdHoc sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and specific scales and interviews that included: 5.0 Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview results (MINI), State Impulsivity Scale (SIS), and Multidimensional Alcohol Craving Scale (MACS). Results: The prevalence of dual diagnosis was 50%, being the most prevalent disorders: Current and recurrent Major Depressive Episode Mood Disorder, Current Dysthymic Mood Disorder, Panic Disorder and Anxiety Disorder. 52,7% of the total sample had a positive result on the State Impulsivity Scale. No statistically significant results were found on the Craving Scale (neither in the score or in the sub-sections). A relationship between craving and impulsivity were found for all groups and researched items. Conclusions: As a relationship between craving and impulsivity was observed, these aspects should be considered as main factors for the treatment and evolution of alcohol- dependent patients.
PubMed, Sep 1, 2022
Alexithymia is highly prevalent in patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) and has been impl... more Alexithymia is highly prevalent in patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) and has been implied in SUD pathogenesis and treatment outcomes. However, the psychometric properties of the most-used instrument for evaluating alexithymia (the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, TAS-20) have been scarcely studied in relation to SUD patients.
LIBRO COMUNICACIONES, 2020
INTRODUCTION Impulsivity and Alexithymia are related to substance use disorders (SUD) as risk fac... more INTRODUCTION Impulsivity and Alexithymia are related to substance use disorders (SUD) as risk factors (1,2), several cognitive skills are implied in both traits (1,2). However, few researches are published on their mutual relationship in SUD patients. OBJECTIVES To describe the correlations between alexithymia and impulsivity in SUD patients. METHODS Patients with SUD (according to DSM-5) were evaluated with invited to participate in an addiction treatment Ad-Hoc questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20), Barratt impulsivity scales (BIS-11) and Dickamn functional dysfunctional impulsivity scale (FIDI) were performed in all patients. RESULTS 93 patients completed the full evaluation, the total score of TAS-20 was significantly related to total scores of BIS-11 and FIDI. Analyzing subscales, Difficulty Describing Feelings subscale describe better the association between total TAS-20 scores and impulsivity, and it may be the link between dysfunctional impulsivity and alexithymia. Externally-Oriented Thinking subscale was fewer correlated to any BIS-11 factor compared to the other subscales of TAS-20. Interestingly, cognitive impulsivity is not related to total TAS-20 scores and the TAS-20 subscales. CONCLUSIONS Alexythimia and impulsivity are related in SUD (especially some subfactors are better associated), and hence these relations should be considered when conducting therapeutic approaches. REFERENCIAS 1. Morie KP, Yip SW, Nich C, Hunkele K, Carroll KM, Potenza MN. Alexithymia and Addiction: A Review and Preliminary Data Suggesting Neurobiological Links to Reward/Loss Processing. Curr Addict Rep. 2016;3(2):239-248 2. Shishido H, Gaher RM, Simons JS. I don't know how I feel, therefore I act: alexithymia, urgency, and alcohol problems. Addict Behav. 2013;38(4):2014-7. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.12.014.
European Neuropsychopharmacology, 2019
Genetic factors involved in the susceptibility to drug addiction still remain largely unknown. Mi... more Genetic factors involved in the susceptibility to drug addiction still remain largely unknown. MiRNAs seem to play key roles in the drug-induced plasticity of the brain that likely drives the emergence of addiction. In this work we explored the role of miRNAs in drug addiction. With this aim, we selected 62 SNPs located in the 3'UTR of target genes that are predicted to alter the binding of miRNA molecules and performed a case-control association study in a Spanish sample of 735 cases (mainly cocainedependent subjects with multiple drug dependencies) and 739 controls. We found an association between rs1047383 in the PLCB1 gene and drug dependence that was replicated in an independent sample (663 cases and 667 controls). Then we selected 9 miRNAs predicted to bind the rs1047383 region, but none of them showed any effect on PLCB1 expression. We also assessed two miRNAs binding a region that contains a SNP in linkage disequilibrium with rs1047383, but although one of them, hsa-miR-582, was found to downregulate PLCB1, no differences were observed between alleles. Finally, we explored the possibility that PLCB1 expression is altered by cocaine and we observed a significant upregulation of the gene in the nucleus accumbens of cocaine abusers and in human dopaminergic-like neurons after cocaine treatment. Our results, together with previous studies, suggest that PLCB1 participates in the susceptibility to drug dependence. Drug dependence is one of the major health problems worldwide. In Europe, about 25% of adults are estimated to have tried illicit drugs at some point in their lives 1. Usually drug consumers use more than one drug at the same time: for example, within the group of European individuals who consumed a psychoactive substance in the last 12 months, 33% had consumed two different substances and 10% had used three 2. This high prevalence of polydrug abuse is due to common and drug-specific genetic and environmental factors 3-5. It is well known that addictions are moderately to highly heritable (from 0.39 in the case of hallucinogens to 0.72 for cocaine), although the specific genetic risk factors involved in its predisposition remain largely unknown 6-9. Transcriptomic studies in animal and cellular models, as well as human studies in postmortem brain samples from addicted individuals, have revealed that both acute and chronic drug exposure produce epigenetic adaptations and changes in gene expression 10. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that some genes whose expression is altered by cocaine also contribute to cocaine dependence susceptibility 11, 12. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory noncoding RNA molecules (about 18-25 nucleotides in length) that control gene expression through direct binding to 3′untranslated regions (3′UTRs) of target mRNAs causing translational repression or mRNA degradation. One single miRNA can target and regulate hundreds of mRNAs
Revista Clinica Espanola, Aug 1, 2017
Buenos usos y riesgos de los fármacos opiáceos Good use and risks of opioid drugs * Autor para co... more Buenos usos y riesgos de los fármacos opiáceos Good use and risks of opioid drugs * Autor para correspondencia.
European Psychiatry, 2013
Introduction Cocaine consumption can induce transient psychotic symptoms. Cocaine induced psychos... more Introduction Cocaine consumption can induce transient psychotic symptoms. Cocaine induced psychosis (CIP) is common but not developed in all cases. However, prevalence and clinical features are not well known. In psychiatry settings different studies have reported prevalence ranging between 29%–86.5%.There are few samples including more than 150 patients for studding this topic. Objectives The objective of this study is to determinate the CIP prevalence and the most prevalent psychotic symptoms. Aims We study presence of psychotic symptoms using a clinical interview for psychotic symptoms in a large sample of 287 cocaine-dependent patients. We study the presence of psychotic symptoms using a clinical interview for psychotic symptoms in a large sample of cocainedependent patients. Patients suffering from schizophrenia or bipolar disorders were excluded. Finally we included 287 patients in the study. (80.8% men and 35.77 yo). Methods A structured interview were systematically conducted. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV Axis I and Axis II disorders were used in order to identify the comorbidity. Results Psychotic symptoms were detected in 59.9% of the sample. The most frequent symptoms reported lifetime was suspiciousness 38.6% and paranoid beliefs 27.2% Auditory hallucinations were reported by 23.6%, visual hallucinations by 13.3%, and kinesthetic hallucinations by 7.8%. Motor alterations were not evaluated. Conclusions Our dates confirm previous study. CIP prevalence is high. Motor alterations were not evaluated, so symptoms could be underestimated. Identifying this kind of symptoms can be useful in order to minimize risks of psychotic states for the patients or others.
European Psychiatry, Apr 1, 2021
Conclusions: This study revealed that with CAGE score greater than 3, male patients with AUD are ... more Conclusions: This study revealed that with CAGE score greater than 3, male patients with AUD are at higher risks of both physical and mental comorbidities. Further research as well as female participants are needed to identify the associations between the severity of alcohol use disorder and related diseases for comprehensive evaluation in Taiwan.
Psychopharmacology Bulletin, Feb 15, 2019
~ Cocaine-induced psychotic disorder (CIPD) is one of the most serious consequences of cocaine us... more ~ Cocaine-induced psychotic disorder (CIPD) is one of the most serious consequences of cocaine use. Despite the high frequency of CIPD, specific treatment for CIPD has been scarcely researched. Although supportive measures are the first approach, antipsychotic use is often necessary due to clinical severity and CIPD consequences. We report a 38-years-old man with substance use disorders in methadone maintenance treatment who relapsed on cocaine use and presented CIPD that was satisfactorily treated with asenapine. It is important further research on CIPD management, especially on asenapine and other second-generation antipsychotics du to its possible role in its treatment.
PubMed, Aug 2, 2012
Objectives: Cocaine consumption can induce transient psychotic symptoms expressed as paranoia or ... more Objectives: Cocaine consumption can induce transient psychotic symptoms expressed as paranoia or hallucinations. This work reviews that evidence and tries to obtain data regarding frequency of psychotic symptoms or cocaine induced psychosis (CIP), risks or associated factors. Method: Systematic review of studies found in PubMed database published until January 2011 where cocaine induced paranoia was present. Results: Cocaine induced paranoia has a particular clinical presentation. It needs to be clearly identified due to its harmful consequences. The prevalence is between 12% in clinical studies and 100% in experimental studies. The following are considered potential risk factors: age of first use and length, amount of substance, route of administration, body mass index, genetic factors, personal vulnerability and comorbidity with AXIS I (psychosis, ADHD) and AXIS II disorders (antisocial personality disorder). Conclusions: It is needed to research with larger samples of cocaine users of different countries and contexts, in order to identify and detail what variables are closely related in the development of cocaine induced paranoia, so the population at risk can be treated earlier.
Quality of Life Research, Aug 7, 2017
Purpose The comorbidity of any substance use disorder and another mental disorder is defined as d... more Purpose The comorbidity of any substance use disorder and another mental disorder is defined as dual diagnosis. Dual diagnosis is very common and clinical and therapeutic consequences have been described. This cross-sectional study aimed to analyse health-related quality of life (HRQoL) according to clinical characteristics and psychiatric comorbidities in patients with substance dependence. Methods A total of 1276 substance-dependent patients seeking treatment were recruited. HRQoL was evaluated by the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. The SCID-I, SCID-II and Conners' adult ADHD diagnostic interview were used to evaluate dual diagnosis. A visual analogue scale was used to measure craving. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed, and correction for multiple tests was conducted. Results Substance-dependent patients had impaired quality of life, especially in the mental component. SF-36 physical and mental component scores were 47.7 ± 10.9 and 36.1 ± 14.1, respectively. Furthermore, 65% of the patients had dual diagnosis, 51% had an Axis I DSM-IV-TR mental disorder and 35% had some personality disorder. Impaired physical quality of life was independently associated with medical condition, age, being female, depressive disorder and anxiety disorder. Depression disorder, any personality disorder, active consumption last month, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorder, suicide attempt were independently associated with worse mental quality of life. Conclusion These findings emphasize the significance of dual diagnosis in the impairment of HRQoL in substancedependent patients, particularly with regard to mental component. In addicted patients with low scores on SF-36, psychiatric comorbidity should be evaluated and treated in an integrated approach.