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Papers by carolin arul

According to the Constitution of India, the water right comes under Article 21 as Right to Life. ... more According to the Constitution of India, the water right comes under Article 21 as Right to Life. Having water as a basic need in life, it has to be protected well by enforcing the law in an orderly manner with more stringent actions towards water polluting agents. Even though several laws exist on controlling water pollution, the punitive measures are not strong enough to control, especially in the case of industrial pollution. The purpose of this study is to find out the lacunae existing in Indian legal provisions on the view of water polluting industries. A case study is undertaken by selecting a red category industry located at Cuddalore, particularly in SIPCOT institutional area. To value the awareness and perceptions of different stakeholders on Water Pollution Policies, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the AGM of the industry and the NGOs and questionnaires survey were administered with the students and public. It was known that the 51% of people were affected by water pollution and 83.33% of people opt for plastic containers of 20-liter capacity for drinking and supplied by SIPCOT. Sadly, 100% of people recorded their responses saying industries were the prime source of water pollution. While question airing on health aspect, it was found that 85% people were affected by skin diseases and respiratory illnesses. The forte of the NGOs and the students were the involvement of all related stakeholders in granting permission at the initial stage of industrial establishment at any place is mandatory. Keeping that every solution is unique with regard to every problem; a proactive step of introducing a rationalist model specifically to tackle these kinds of uncertain conditions with respect to Government protocols on Water Pollution Laws towards red category industry was made. Based on the situational model, proposals of the establishment of the industries could be granted.

International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 2018

The salinity changes as well as vegetation coverage changes have been adopted for the present stu... more The salinity changes as well as vegetation coverage changes have been adopted for the present study. Changes in vegetation coverage and salinity change are a slow & gradual process and are hard to identify without long term historical data. The Landsat 8 and ETM+ data along with Electronic conductivity data of soil and International Soil Reference and Information Centre (ISRIC) soil PH data were used to show the changes in vegetation coverage as well as in soil salinity. Several remote sensing based indices like NDVI, NDSI and MSI were employed to extract spatial information on vegetation health, soil salinity and soil moisture. The soil salinity in terms of NDSI increased in the study area. The NDSI values were compared with ISRIC soil data and Electrical conductivity (EC) soil data of Groundwater board. The Vegetation coverage of the study area has been changed gradually since 2010 to 2017. Land use and land cover supervised classification has been done using Landsat 8 data of 2017 for extracting built up area. Moisture stress index has been done to show the variation of moisture on the study area. Normalize difference vegetation index of 2010 and 2017 has been done to show the vegetation coverage changes from 2010 to 2017. Normalize difference salinity index of 2010 and 2017 has been done to show the variation in salinity from 2010 to 2017. Using ISRIC soil PH value and EC values are than compared with the satellite data of salinity in terms of NDSI value for accuracy analysis. More than 80% of the study areas are matched with satellite data of salinity. Some minor unmatched areas are also there but salinity level is not much different. I.

Journal of Coastal Research, Nov 17, 2022

Communication, culture and change in Asia, Nov 25, 2017

Biosphere Reserves are representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes extending over lar... more Biosphere Reserves are representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes extending over large area of terrestrial or coastal or marine ecosystems or a combination there of and representative examples of bio-geographic zones or provinces. These regions of environmental protection roughly correspond to International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Category V Protected areas in which one of them is Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve represents a Biodiversity-rich ecosystem in the Western Ghats-a global biodiversity hotspot also provides an ideal habitat for supporting a high degree of endemic flora and fauna. A variety of human cultural diversity can be found in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. Aim of the present study is to highlight the status of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve in 2015. The objective of the present study is in the increasing population or migration from surrounding areas rather than the population growth of indigenous people in Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve has been enduring human interference for a very long time through development projects such as hydroelectric power projects, agriculture, horticulture, etc., which have brought about substantial change in the ecology of the area. Many environmental problems are noticed in different parts of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. But from the efforts of conservation law the forest cover has no negative change after 1999 which indicates that strict conservation efforts were taken up by state forest departments of Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

Journal of Media and Communication Studies, Jul 31, 2016

Climate change affects the lives and livelihood of people. Unless and until people understand the... more Climate change affects the lives and livelihood of people. Unless and until people understand the climate science, they will not be able to cope with the extreme events that are likely to occur. The media plays a major role in disseminating scientific information on climate change, and the general public becomes aware of it through the media. This research is an analysis of a six years of coverage of climate change issues in two Indian national television news channels, Cable News Network-Indian Broadcasting Network(CNN-IBN) and New Delhi Television Limited (NDTV24X7). The results of the analysis reveal that policy makers and NGOs were strongly associated with the 'judgment' frame; while the news bureaus and scientists were strongly associated with the 'problem' frame. TV channels could adopt the model of NDTV24X7 in collaborating with an institution working on climate change to offer quality coverage.

Journal of Coastal Research

The Asian Review of Civil Engineering, 2020

agriculture still consumes more than 80 % of the total water used (Biswas, 1996). So, sustained e... more agriculture still consumes more than 80 % of the total water used (Biswas, 1996). So, sustained efforts should be made to conserve and manage water resources. Water being a vital resource for life, deprivation of this resource is a violation of human rights. Water is a key input for agriculture, but it has today become a severe constraint for intensive agricultural production. Irrigation has always been a decisive factor affecting millions of farmers in an agrarian country. In view of the unequal distribution of rainfall over the years, it is necessary to have a well-regulated system of irrigation. In ancient times when water was available in plenty and the demand was less, the ‘principle of discovery ’ had applied – whoever discovers the resource has control over it. This principle cannot hold good anymore. People’s water rights must therefore be well-defined and people should be aware of their rights. Water-related laws are the written and referenced authority for actions, interve...

Scholars Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, 2022

Restoration and rehabilitation of irrigation tanks is gaining much attention due to the increased... more Restoration and rehabilitation of irrigation tanks is gaining much attention due to the increased temporal variation in the rainfall. This study was carried out in the first four tanks (i.e. Arungunam, Devadur, Mariputhur and Kavadur tanks) of the Madurantakam tank cluster, which lies in the Kiliyar sub basin, Palar basin, Tamil Nadu, India. The study was aimed at assessing the performance of the tanks and deriving a Tank Rehabilitation Index (TRI) for prioritizing the tanks based on 24 indicators reflecting the physical, hydrological and socio technical aspects. The physical performance of the tanks was measured in terms of their storage capacity. Capacity estimation was carried out using Bathymetry survey and Google earth. The results showed that the Kavadur tank performed well with 89.29% storage capacity when compared with the Arungunam, Devadur and Mariputhur tanks having 75%, 57.42% and 42.11% as their storage capacities respectively. A score-based method was adopted in findin...

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Environmental, Chemical, Ecological, Geological and Geophysical Engineering, 2012

Groundwater has become the most dependable source of fresh water for agriculture, domestic and in... more Groundwater has become the most dependable source of fresh water for agriculture, domestic and industrial uses in the past few decades. This wide use of groundwater if left uncontrolled and unseen will lead to overexploitation causing sea water intrusion in the coastal areas and illegal water marketing. Several Policies and Acts have been enacted to regulate and manage the use of this valuable resource. In spite of this the over extraction of groundwater beyond the recharging capacity of aquifers and depletion in the quality of groundwater is continuing. The current study aims at reviewing the Acts and Policies existing in the State of Tamil Nadu and in the National level regarding groundwater regulation and management. Further an analysis is made on the rights associated with the usage of groundwater resources and the gaps in these policies have been analyzed. Some suggestions are made to reform the existing groundwater policies for better management and regulation of the resource....

The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve (NBR) is unique and biodiversity-rich, and it is the first such res... more The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve (NBR) is unique and biodiversity-rich, and it is the first such reserve in India. The reserve has medicinal plants, traditional landscapes, crops and their wild relatives, ancient races of domestic animals and tribal people. It is located in the Western Ghats at the intersection of three states—Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka in south India. The Nilgiri Hills (also called ‘blue mountains’ as translated in English) is in Tamil Nadu. The Western Ghats in which the reserve lies is one of the 35 biodiversity hotspots of the world. The area in toto has different primitive tribal communities with distinctive cultures. This chapter examines how communication for development is an integral part of the interventions for improving the lives and livelihoods of tribal communities besides conserving the ecosystem in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. The case studies deal with conservation of the sensitive Silent Valley ecosystem, sustainable development of water resou...